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单词 eminence
释义

eminencen.

/ˈɛmɪnəns/
Etymology: < Latin ēminēntia, < ēminēnt-em eminent adj.
I. In physical senses.
1.
a. Height, altitude, degree of elevation. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > [noun] > above a certain level
heightc1290
highheadc1300
higha1398
altitudea1449
sideness?a1475
alturea1547
pitch1590
mounture1613
eminency1625
eminence1658
haut1686
elevation1732
1658 J. Evelyn tr. N. de Bonnefons French Gardiner 287 Upon this water..pour Sweet Butter melted, to the eminence of two fingers.
b. A lofty or elevated position.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > high position > [noun] > a high position
height1563
eminencea1806
a1806 H. K. White Remains (1807) I. 311 Draw the fix'd stars from their eminence.
1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) I. 222 If a lighted candle be set..on an eminence.
2.
a. A prominence, protuberance. Chiefly in Anatomy. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > [noun] > a projecting part
hornc1275
outshooting1310
nosec1400
startc1400
spout1412
snouta1425
outbearingc1425
outstanding?c1425
relish1428
jeta1500
rising1525
shoulder1545
jutting1565
outshootc1565
prominence1578
forecast1580
projection1592
sprout1598
eye1600
shooting forth1601
lip1608
juttying1611
prominent?1611
eminence1615
butting1625
excursiona1626
elbow1626
protrusion1646
jettinga1652
outjetting1652
prominency1654
eminency1668
nouch1688
issuanta1690
out-butting1730
outjet1730
out-jutting1730
flange1735
nosing1773
process1775
jut1787
projecture1803
nozzle1804
saliency1831
ajutment1834
salience1837
out-thrust1842
emphasis1885
cleat1887
outjut1893
pseudopodiuma1902
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 438 Wherein the eminence..shooting from the vpper part of the forehead is wanting.
1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 493 The same Author hath discovered in it [the Tongue] many little Eminences.
1743 tr. L. Heister Gen. Syst. Surg. I. i. 168 There is a certain Eminence in this Edge of the Acetabulum.
b. Botany. (See quot. 1688.) Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 115/1 Eminence, or Woolly Eminence, is the outward skin or husk that covers round roots, as in Onions, Tulipa's.
3. An elevation on the earth's surface; a rising ground, hill. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > rising ground or eminence > [noun]
link931
rise1240
motea1300
bentc1405
mote-hill1475
territory1477
height1487
rising1548
raising1572
linch1591
mount1591
swelling1630
up1637
vertex1641
advance1655
ascendant1655
eminency1662
ascent1663
eminence1670
swell1764
elevation1799
embreastment1799
upwith1819
lift1825
salita1910
turtle-back1913
upwarp1917
upslope1920
whaleback1928
1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon iii. xi. 567 He caus'd two good Forts to be trac'd out..upon two Eminences.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. v. 338 There is a battery..on an eminence.
1797 R. Beilby & T. Bewick Hist. Brit. Birds I. 4 The other, perched on an eminence, watches the escape of the prey.
1814 W. Wordsworth Excursion ix. 389 We..speak..of Age, As of a final Eminence . View more context for this quotation
1833 J. F. W. Herschel Astron. (1858) i. §19. 17 If we ascend a high eminence on a plain.
1845 J. Lingard Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church (ed. 3) I. i. 6 He was..beheaded on a small eminence without the walls.
II. In non-material senses.
4. Distinguished superiority, elevated rank as compared with others. (Sometimes with figurative notion of 1.)
a. in social or official position, wealth, or power.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > [noun] > elevated rank
pridea1300
honourc1300
primatea1402
honesty1418
grandeur1600
eminencea1616
magnitude1620
eminency1629
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) i. ii. 152 Whether the Tirranny be in..his Eminence that fills it vp. View more context for this quotation
1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. iii. 29 A Womans heart, which euer yet Affected Eminence, Wealth, Soueraignty. View more context for this quotation
a1652 R. Brome Queenes Exchange (1657) i. i. 458 Your self A Queen of so great eminence.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 6 Satan..by merit rais'd To that bad eminence . View more context for this quotation
1769 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) I. xxiii. 163 The eminence of your station gave you a commanding prospect of your duty.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 165 No man could hope to rise to eminence and command but by their favour.
b. in reputation, intellectual or moral attainment, or the possession of any quality, good or (sometimes) bad.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > quality of being better or superior > [noun]
advantagea1393
prioritya1425
prerogativec1425
prestance1470
betterness1492
superioritya1500
majority1552
start1569
melioritya1586
precedence1587
superiorship1587
precedency1593
priory1600
preferency1602
preference1603
precession1613
betterhood1615
prestancy1615
eminence1702
superiorness1730
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > [noun]
hereworda1100
famec1290
lose1297
renownc1330
namecouthhead1340
noblessec1350
namec1384
reputationc1390
emprisea1393
renomeea1393
celebrity?c1400
enpressc1400
notec1400
renowneec1430
flavourc1449
honestnessa1450
bruita1470
renome?1473
famosity1535
famousness1548
renownedness1596
celebration1631
rumour1638
notedness1661
noise1670
distinction1699
eminence1702
éclat1742
baya1764
kudos1831
lionhood1833
lionism1835
lionship1837
lionization1841
stardom1865
spotlight1875
réclame1883
stellardom1883
the big cheesea1910
big time1910
star billing1910
starring1913
megastardom1981
1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 36 His Son made a notable progress, by an early eminence in Practice, and Learning.
1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 157. ⁋4 A young man that gave..hopes of future eminence.
1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 4 406 Several surgeons of eminence.
1844 R. W. Emerson Young Amer. in Nature in Wks. (1906) II. 307 No man of letters, be his eminence what it may, is received into the best society.
1856 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 10 May in Eng. Notebks. (1997) II. iv. 4 The poorer classes..excel..in the bad eminence of filth.
1868 M. Pattison Suggestions Acad. Organisation 112 Eminence in science should be made the one statutable condition [for a headship].
c. Mastery, the ‘upper hand’. Phrase to have the eminence of: to have the advantage of. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > [noun]
overhandc1175
masteryc1225
gree1320
betc1330
pricea1350
advantagea1393
overmasterya1400
voicea1400
betterc1405
higherc1450
prevaila1460
superiority1548
mastership1573
prevalence1604
eminence1609
privilegea1616
prevalency1623
upper fortunea1625
whipping-hand1682
whip hand1806
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. iii. 250 You should not haue the emynence of him. View more context for this quotation
1613 T. Heywood Siluer Age iii. sig. G2 Long did we tugge For eminence.
d. spirit of eminence n. Obsolete rare pride, ambition.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pride > [noun]
moodinessOE
overmoodOE
prideOE
proudnessOE
moodilaikc1175
wlonknessc1175
wlonkhedea1250
hancenhede1303
stoutness1398
prouda1500
spirit of eminence1595
pridefulnessa1625
stouting1630
starch1859
1595 S. Daniel First Fowre Bks. Ciuile Warres v. xxxvi. sig. Bb3 Deuotion..abates the spirit of eminence.
5.
a. As a title of honour, now borne only by Cardinals. (See quot. 1836.)
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > cardinal > [noun]
cardinallOE
redcap?1539
carnalc1540
prince1581
red hat1598
purple father1615
national1625
eminence1653
eminency1670
nationist1670
redshank1824
1653 O. Cromwell Let. to Cdl. Mazarin (Carlyle) V. App. No. 27 It's surprise to me that your Eminence should take notice of a person so inconsiderable as myself.
1717 G. Berkeley Jrnls. Trav. Italy 8 Jan. in Wks. (1955) VII. 246 His eminence..put on his cardinal's square cap.
1836 Penny Cycl. VI. 291/1 Urban VIII, in 1630, gave to the cardinals the title of Eminence, which was shared with them by the grand master of the order of Malta, and the ecclesiastical electors of the German or Roman empire only.
1884 Weekly Reg. 11 Oct. 451/2 One word, his Eminence said he would add, concerning the Rosary.
b. Used occasionally as a designation of an important person, an authority. Cf. 6.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [noun] > one who is important
persona1425
personagec1460
colossus1605
satrapon1650
bigwig1772
big man1789
butt-cut1806
tallboy1820
buzz-wig1854
great or high shot1861
celestial1874
pot1880
big stuff1883
importance1886
big wheel1893
mandarin1907
the (also a) big noise1909
hotty1910
big boy1918
biggie1926
hotshot1933
wheel1933
eminence1935
top hat1936
big or great white chief1937
Mr Big1940
big kahuna1966
1935 A. Huxley Let. 5 June (1969) 396 Individual eminences are all right; but their importance, in this context, is greatly magnified if they represent professional organizations.
1966 M. R. D. Foot SOE in France ii. 34 The eminences of various kinds consigned to SOE as a travel agent.
6. Acknowledgement of superiority, homage.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > [noun] > manifestation of respect
worthingeOE
worthminteOE
worshipOE
homagec1300
honorancec1300
honourc1300
honestyc1384
honoration1493
honorificencea1500
eminencea1616
eminency1647
rising1711
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. ii. 32 Present him Eminence, both with Eye and Tongue. View more context for this quotation
7. An eminent quality, an excellence; a distinction, honour. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [noun] > an excellence
greatnessc1384
excellencec1400
merita1586
eminency1602
eminence1609
excellencya1616
transcendiary1654
transcendenta1706
1609 W. M. Man in Moone sig. C3v You assume it an eminence, to be rarely arrayed.
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ii. 128 His Eminences were Painting and Graving.
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ix. 101 So severall eminences met in this Worthy man.
1659 J. Pearson Expos. Creed (1839) 31 There must be therefore some great eminence in the object worshipped.
8.
a. Eminent degree or measure. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [noun]
highnesseOE
strengthOE
altitude?a1475
vehemence1535
vehemency1546
profundity1565
height1601
profoundness1612
depth1624
intensenessa1631
exquisiteness1650
eminence1651
intensivenessa1656
intensity1665
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. x. 41 Naturall Power, is the eminence of the Faculties of Body, or Mind.
1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 206. ⁋2 Men of our Acquaintance, who had no one Quality in any Eminence.
b. Grammar. (See quot. 1804.)
ΚΠ
1804 L. Murray Eng. Gram. (ed. 9) ii. v. 69 [The superlative formed with very] is called..the superlative of eminence, to distinguish it from the other superlative.
c. Phrase, by (way of) eminence: in an eminent or especial sense, par excellence. (In early examples sometimes in sense 7: by way of distinction.) rare in modern use.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > surpassing excellence > [adverb]
sovereignlyc1340
excellentlyc1400
by (an, way of) excellencec1450
transcendingly1528
exquisitely1535
precellently?1567
divinely1582
par excellence1584
pre-eminently1590
superlatively1596
surpassing1598
by (way of) eminency1608
superexcellently1615
by (way of) eminence1621
transcendently1623
surpassingly1658
exquisitively1660
par eminence1823
heavenlike1832
transcendentally1870
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > individual [phrase] > by way of distinction
by (way of) eminence1621
by (way of) eminencya1701
1621–31 W. Laud Seven Serm. (1847) 66 Now Jerusalem is by way of singular eminence called here ‘a city compacted together’.
1699 tr. L. E. Du Pin Compl. Hist. Canon I. i. 1 They are likewise styl'd the Scriptures by Way of Eminence.
1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks III. Misc. v. ii. 278 Have you writ..a Play, a Song, an Essay, or a Paper, as by way of Eminence, the current Pieces of our Weekly Wits are generally stil'd.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 229 The principal council..is generally called, by way of eminence, the council.
1829 I. Taylor Nat. Hist. Enthusiasm ix. 253 This by eminence is the bright omen of the times.
1883 F. A. Walker Polit. Econ. 399 One kind of money..may be called by eminence political money.
9. The highest development, the ‘flower’.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > perfection > [noun] > peak of perfection
perfection1340
pointc1400
pinnaclec1450
firmament1526
tipe1548
vertical point1559
acmea1568
status1577
summity1588
sublimation1591
turret1593
topgallant1597
non ultra?1606
vertical1611
non plus ultra1647
ne ultraa1657
verticle1658
summit1661
ne plus ultra1664
ne plus1665
nonplus1670
tip-top1702
pink1720
sublime1748
eminencea1854
it1896
a1854 H. Reed Lect. Brit. Poets (1857) i. 14 The portion of literature..which may be regarded as its eminence,—its Poetry.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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