encloseinclosev.

Brit.

/ɛnˈkləʊz/,

/ɛŋˈkləʊz/,

/ᵻnˈkləʊz/,

/ᵻŋˈkləʊz/, U.S.

/ɛnˈkloʊz/,

/ᵻnˈkloʊz/

Forms: α. (? Middle English encless), 1500s encloyse, Middle English– enclose. β. Middle English– inclose, 1500s incloise, incloiss.

Etymology: < en- prefix¹ + close v., after Old French enclore (past participle enclos ) of same meaning. (Compare incluse adj. and n.) The majority of recent dictionaries give inclose as the typical form; but the preponderance of usage (in England at least), as well as etymological propriety, is in favour of enclose. The statutes providing for the enclosure of land use the spelling inclose.

a. transitive. To surround (with walls, fences, or other barriers) so as to prevent free ingress or egress.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)]

beloukOE

pind?c1225

closec1275

beshuta1300

to shut about13..

umbclosec1330

to close about1340

aclosec1350

in close1393

enclose?a1400

tinec1400

concludea1425

includec1425

wallc1430

underclosec1440

inclusea1450

hedgec1500

lista1513

inrail1523

interclude1524

fence1535

parclose1535

riba1547

pale1570

impale1579

embay1582

immure1583

upclosec1590

enchase1591

interclose1592

recinct1598

underfong1599

intermure1606

bound1609

engirt1627

bosom1637

infence1652

cancellate1664

circumclude1677

embosomc1750

comprehend1807

α.

?a1400 Morte Arth. 2396 Here es a knyghte in theis klevys, enclesside [? read enclosside] with hilles.

c1430 J. Lydgate Compl. Black Knight vi A parke, enclosed with a wal.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. iii 67 The paradies terrestre..is enclosed with fyre brennyng.

β. 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng ii. f. 2 And the felde be inclosed about.c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 848 In an yle..This clene flese was inclosede all with clere water.1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 91 There is a gulfe of 516 miles, inclosed within the promontory or cape of the mountain Barce.1611 Bible (King James) 2 Macc. i. 34 Then the king inclosing the place, made it holy. 1717 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 1 Apr. (1965) I. 343 The Gardens..are enclos'd with very high Walls.1743 J. Davidson tr. Virgil Æneid vii. 185 And incloses it with a Parapet.

b. To fence in (waste or common land) with the intention of taking it into cultivation, or of appropriating it to individual owners. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > reclaim [verb (transitive)] > enclose

several1482

enclose1503

paddock1873

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > lay out land [verb (transitive)] > enclose land > enclose land

enclose1503

to take in1523

impasture1649

paddock1873

α.

1503–4 Act 19 Hen. VII c. 29 §2 Landes..whiche..be encloysed of newe with a Pale.

1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng ii. f. 2 It is at the lordes pleasure to enclose them and kepe them in tyllage or pasture.

1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 i. iii. 23 Against the Duke of Suffolke for enclosing the commons of long Melford.

1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 143 It was not..inclosed, after the English Manner.

1833 H. Martineau Brooke & Brooke Farm (ed. 3) i. 12 An Act of Parliament is to be obtained for enclosing Brook common.

β. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 65 I thynke hyt veray necessary to have thys inclosyng of pasturys for our catayl & bestys.1633 G. Herbert Church Porch in Temple iv If God had laid all common, certainly Man would have been th' incloser.] 1712 Act 12 Anne c. 14 §1 It shall..be lawful..to inclose any Part of the Wastes or Common Grounds..not exceeding Sixty Acres.1744 G. Jacob New Law-dict. at Inclosure If the Lord of a Manor inclose Part of the Waste or Common, and doth not leave sufficient Room for the Commoners; they may break down such Inclosure, or have Writ of Assize.1756 Act 29 Geo. II c. 36 (title) An Act for inclosing by the mutual Consent of Lords and Tenants, Part of any Common.1777 W. Dalrymple Trav. Spain & Portugal xvi The late bishop improved this spot of ground..by planting and inclosing it.1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 594 The general advantages of inclosing land can admit of no question.figurative.1562 Apol. Priv. Masse (1850) 8 To enclose that to some one sort of private profit, that ought to remain in common.a1618 W. Raleigh Maxims of State (1651) 43 Charles the fifth..purposed to enclose their [the Netherlanders] priviledges.1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 420 This round World, whose first convex divides The luminous inferior Orbs, enclos'd From Chaos. 1668 Howe in H. Rogers Life (1863) iv. 126 It is an enclosed pleasure; a joy which the stranger cannot intermeddle with.

a. To shut up in a room or building; to seclude, imprison. Obsolete except with reference to monastic seclusion.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > confinement > confine [verb (transitive)]

beloukOE

loukOE

sparc1175

pena1200

bepen?c1225

pind?c1225

prison?c1225

spearc1300

stopc1315

restraina1325

aclosec1350

forbara1375

reclosea1382

ward1390

enclose1393

locka1400

reclusea1400

pinc1400

sparc1430

hamperc1440

umbecastc1440

murea1450

penda1450

mew?c1450

to shut inc1460

encharter1484

to shut up1490

bara1500

hedge1549

hema1552

impound1562

strain1566

chamber1568

to lock up1568

coop1570

incarcerate1575

cage1577

mew1581

kennel1582

coop1583

encagea1586

pound1589

imprisonc1595

encloister1596

button1598

immure1598

seclude1598

uplock1600

stow1602

confine1603

jail1604

hearse1608

bail1609

hasp1620

cub1621

secure1621

incarcera1653

fasten1658

to keep up1673

nun1753

mope1765

quarantine1804

peg1824

penfold1851

encoop1867

oubliette1884

jigger1887

corral1890

maroon1904

to bang up1950

to lock down1971

society > faith > church government > monasticism > [verb (transitive)] > place in an order

cloister1591

encloister1622

clauster1635

enclose1872

α.

1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 200 Many a day..he lay..Withinne walles fast enclosed.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 334 Of vche clene comly kynde enclose seuen makez.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) iv. 219 The quhethir men said, enclosit he had Ane spirit.

1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. viii. vi. 148 Infinite multitudes were euery where inclosed.

a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1616) sig. D3^v In the strongest Tower inclose him fast.

1872 O. Shipley Gloss. Eccl. Terms 169 The nuns live in community, but are not enclosed.

β. 1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. iii. 62 Manasses was neuer reclaimed vntil he was inclosed in prison.1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. 451 He caused inclose mee in a little Cabinet within the Parlour.

†b. To put (a jury) in the ‘box’. Scottish. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1759 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) III. xxxix. 271 The jury was enclosed, of which the earl of Caithness was chancellor.

1795 Scots Mag. 57 610/2 Eleven o'clock..at which time the jury was inclosed.

a. To insert in a frame or setting, or in a surrounding mass of material; to shut up in a case, envelope, or receptacle. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > insertion or putting in > insert or put in [verb (transitive)] > in a surrounding mass

enclosec1386

umbewendc1440

bed1587

to bed in1778

embed1778

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)] > enclose in a receptacle or surrounding mass

enclosec1386

α.

c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋965 In the orisoun of the Paternoster hath oure Lord Jhesu Crist enclosed most thinges.

?a1400 Morte Arth. 506 And lettres hym bedes Of credence enclosyde.

1611 Bible (King James) Exod. xxxix. 6 They wrought Onix stones enclosed in ouches of gold.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) i. ii. 435 That lyes enclosed in this Trunke, which you Shall beare along impawnd.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §318 The Apple, Enclosed in Wax was..Green and Fresh.

1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 79 in Sylva About the middle of this Moneth..quite enclose your tender Plants.

β. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 340 The Reliques of Malcolme..war Jncloset, and keipet in the selfe buist.1611 Bible (King James) Song of Sol. viii. 9 If she bee a dore, we will inclose her with boards of Cedar. 1713 R. Steele in Guardian 12 Mar. 1/1 A flowing Robe or Mantle, inclosed in a Circle of Foliages.1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 147 Whatever extraneous matter it finds is inclosed in the gum.

b. In modern use esp.: To place (a letter, document, etc.) for transmission within the cover of another. Also said of the containing letter.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > correspondence > sending items > send items [verb (transitive)] > enclose in letter

enclose1707

1707 J. Addison Lett. (1941) 68 My Lord Hartford desiring me to enclose this Letter to the Electoress.

1708 J. Addison Lett. (1941) 109 I this morning receiv'd..your Lordship's letter..with several others enclosed in the same packet.

1768 Bp. W. Warburton Lett. (1809) 422 I looked over my papers to see if I could explain the matter in another sheet, which I would have inclosed.

1835 C. Dickens Let. 8 Aug. (1965) I. 72 My dear Tom.—I inclose you the proof we spoke of, agreeably to your request.

1838 C. Dickens Let. 28 Dec. (1965) I. 478 I inclose to Mrs. Blanchard an Invitation from my worser half.

1840 F. Trollope Widow Married I. iii. 84 I enclose you a lock of its dear little hair.

a1891 Mod. (Comm.) I beg to enclose my price list. I have received his letter enclosing a cheque.

1903 J. Joyce Let. 9 Mar. (1966) II. 35 I enclose you self-explaining documents.

4. In various occasional uses:

†a. To blindfold (the eyes). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > not seeing or preventing from seeing > prevent from seeing [verb (transitive)] > blindfold or cover eyes

blindfold?c1225

to stop (a person's) eyes or sightc1380

enclose1477

silec1500

hoodwink1562

muffle1573

scarf1598

bluff1673

to seal (a person's) eyes or ears1700

bonnet1828

blink1846

occlude1921

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 138 [Jason] made them to ere foure mesures of londe enclosing their eyen.

†b. To harness, put in the shafts. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > general equipment > [verb (transitive)] > harness or yoke

yokeOE

harness13..

cart-saddle1377

join1377

couple1393

enharness1490

benda1522

bind1535

span1550

team1552

spang1580

inyoke1595

trace1605

enclose?1615

gear1638

to get in1687

reharness1775

reyoke1813

to hook up1825

inspan1834

hitch1844

pole1846

stock1909

?1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses (new ed.) iii. 658 They went to coach, and did their horse inclose [Gk. ζεύγνυντο].

†c. To fasten (a door). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close (a door, window, etc.)

shutc1000

steek?c1225

makec1300

speara1325

yark toc1400

to shut toc1450

to put toa1500

warpc1540

enclose1563

to pull to1673

dub1753

1563 T. Becon Certain Articles Christian Relig. xix We celebrate the mysteryes, the dores beyng shut and enclosed.

a. Of things: To surround, bound on all sides; to envelop, contain.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)]

befong971

beclipc1000

begoc1000

belieOE

bestandc1000

to go about ——OE

umbegangc1200

behema1250

befallc1275

berunc1275

girdc1290

bihalvena1300

umlapa1300

umlaya1300

umlouka1300

umbegoc1300

belayc1320

halsea1340

enclose1340

umbelapa1350

embracec1360

betrendc1374

circlec1374

umbecasta1375

to give about1382

environa1393

umbeclipa1395

compassa1400

encircle?a1400

enourle?a1400

umbegivea1400

umbeseta1400

umbeliec1400

umbetighc1400

enroundc1420

measurec1425

umbsteadc1450

adviron?1473

purprise1481

umbeviron1489

belta1500

girtha1500

overgirda1500

engirt15..

envirea1513

round?a1513

brace1513

umbereach1513

becompass1520

circuea1533

girtc1540

umbsetc1540

circule1553

encompass1555

circulate?a1560

ingyre1568

to do about1571

engird1573

circumdate1578

succinge1578

employ1579

circuate1581

girdle1582

wheel1582

circumgyre1583

enring1589

ringa1592

embail1593

enfold1596

invier1596

stem1596

circumcingle1599

ingert1599

engirdle1602

circulize1603

circumscribe1605

begirt1608

to go round1610

enwheela1616

surround1616

shingle1621

encirculize1624

circumviron1632

beround1643

orba1644

circumference1646

becircle1648

incircuitc1650

circumcinge1657

circumtend1684

besiege1686

cincture1789

zone1795

cravat1814

encincture1820

circumvent1824

begirdle1837

perambulate1863

cordon1891

α.

1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 6610 Þe sese..encloses alle þe erthe oboute.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Jonah ii. 6 Depnesse encloside me.

1735 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. IV. 193 A province inclosed between Cilicia and Cappadocia.

1834 H. McMurtrie tr. G. Cuvier Animal Kingdom (abridged ed.) 409 The semi-nymph only differs from the larva in the presence of the cases which enclose the wings.

1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 585 A normal cambium..encloses a large pith.

1887 R. L. Stevenson Underwoods i. i. 1 A house with lawns enclosing it.

β. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 167 A coistly croun..This cumly quene did on hir heid inclois.a1650 G. Boate Irelands Nat. Hist. (1652) v. 40 The Sea..upon the East-side, where the same is inclosed betwixt Ireland and Great-Britain.1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 18 Many of them [crystals] inclose organized substances which they could not have admitted but when in a soft or liquid state.1839 G. Bird Elements Nat. Philos. 106 The air inclosed between E and A will escape through the valve E.

b. Mathematics. Of lines or surfaces: To bound on all sides (a portion of space); also (loosely) to intercept (an angle).

ΚΠ

1762 Simson Euclid's Elem. Axiom Two straight lines cannot enclose a space.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. §2. 15 The number of degrees in the angle enclosed by the two mirrors.

1885 H. W. Watson & S. H. Burbury Math. Theory Electr. & Magn. I. 63 The space within any closed surface S' enclosing S.

6. Of an army, a number of persons, etc.: To surround, hem in on all sides.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] > as people

bitrumc1000

environc1384

compass1388

encompass1555

ringa1592

enclose1611

gird1671

envelop1683

1611 Bible (King James) Judges xx. 43 They inclosed the Beniamites round about.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) v. iii. 28 Titinius is enclosed round about With Horsemen.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 617 They..half enclose him round With all his Peers.

1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives I. (1879) I. 125/1 The rest of the forces..enclosed the enemy's rear.

1865–6 H. Phillips Amer. Paper Currency II. 91 Endeavor to enclose the British army and navy in the Delaware bay.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	enclose
释义	† enclosen. Etymology: < enclose v.; in Caxton perhaps < Old French enclos or enclose. Obsolete. rare. = enclosure n. 1. The space enclosed by a boundary; the precincts. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > [noun] > an enclosed space or place lockOE close1297 cloisterc1300 purseynta1325 clausurea1398 closinga1398 closera1400 blokc1400 procinct1422 parclosea1470 enterclose1480 enclose1483 closure1496 sept1548 enclosure1552 shut1605 cincture1627 precinct1774 encincture1849 zariba1885 1483 W. Caxton tr. A. Chartier Curial sig. vi Wythin thenclose of thy pryue hous. 2. A letter or document enclosed within another. ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > letter > [noun] > enclosure enclosed1618 enclose1648 enclosure1776 1648 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) III. 32 Since my last, I received..an enclose from Mr. Warcupp. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † encloseadj. Forms: In Middle English inclose. Etymology: < French enclos, past participle of enclore : see enclose v. Obsolete. Used as past participle of enclose v. ΚΠ ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 5050 Þise Bretons þat were in clos & biseged with þer fos. c1560 (a1500) Squyr Lowe Degre (Copland) l. 986 It was my stewarde, Syr Maradose, That ye so longe have kept in close. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021). encloseinclosev. Brit. /ɛnˈkləʊz/, /ɛŋˈkləʊz/, /ᵻnˈkləʊz/, /ᵻŋˈkləʊz/, U.S. /ɛnˈkloʊz/, /ᵻnˈkloʊz/ Forms: α. (? Middle English encless), 1500s encloyse, Middle English– enclose. β. Middle English– inclose, 1500s incloise, incloiss. Etymology: < en- prefix¹ + close v., after Old French enclore (past participle enclos ) of same meaning. (Compare incluse adj. and n.) The majority of recent dictionaries give inclose as the typical form; but the preponderance of usage (in England at least), as well as etymological propriety, is in favour of enclose. The statutes providing for the enclosure of land use the spelling inclose. 1. a. transitive. To surround (with walls, fences, or other barriers) so as to prevent free ingress or egress. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)] beloukOE pind?c1225 closec1275 beshuta1300 to shut about13.. umbclosec1330 to close about1340 aclosec1350 in close1393 enclose?a1400 tinec1400 concludea1425 includec1425 wallc1430 underclosec1440 inclusea1450 hedgec1500 lista1513 inrail1523 interclude1524 fence1535 parclose1535 riba1547 pale1570 impale1579 embay1582 immure1583 upclosec1590 enchase1591 interclose1592 recinct1598 underfong1599 intermure1606 bound1609 engirt1627 bosom1637 infence1652 cancellate1664 circumclude1677 embosomc1750 comprehend1807 α. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 2396 Here es a knyghte in theis klevys, enclesside [? read enclosside] with hilles. c1430 J. Lydgate Compl. Black Knight vi A parke, enclosed with a wal. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. iii 67 The paradies terrestre..is enclosed with fyre brennyng. β. 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng ii. f. 2 And the felde be inclosed about.c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 848 In an yle..This clene flese was inclosede all with clere water.1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 91 There is a gulfe of 516 miles, inclosed within the promontory or cape of the mountain Barce.1611 Bible (King James) 2 Macc. i. 34 Then the king inclosing the place, made it holy. View more context for this quotation1717 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 1 Apr. (1965) I. 343 The Gardens..are enclos'd with very high Walls.1743 J. Davidson tr. Virgil Æneid vii. 185 And incloses it with a Parapet. b. To fence in (waste or common land) with the intention of taking it into cultivation, or of appropriating it to individual owners. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > reclaim [verb (transitive)] > enclose several1482 enclose1503 paddock1873 the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > lay out land [verb (transitive)] > enclose land > enclose land enclose1503 to take in1523 impasture1649 paddock1873 α. 1503–4 Act 19 Hen. VII c. 29 §2 Landes..whiche..be encloysed of newe with a Pale. 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng ii. f. 2 It is at the lordes pleasure to enclose them and kepe them in tyllage or pasture. 1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 i. iii. 23 Against the Duke of Suffolke for enclosing the commons of long Melford. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 143 It was not..inclosed, after the English Manner. 1833 H. Martineau Brooke & Brooke Farm (ed. 3) i. 12 An Act of Parliament is to be obtained for enclosing Brook common. β. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 65 I thynke hyt veray necessary to have thys inclosyng of pasturys for our catayl & bestys.1633 G. Herbert Church Porch in Temple iv If God had laid all common, certainly Man would have been th' incloser.] 1712 Act 12 Anne c. 14 §1 It shall..be lawful..to inclose any Part of the Wastes or Common Grounds..not exceeding Sixty Acres.1744 G. Jacob New Law-dict. at Inclosure If the Lord of a Manor inclose Part of the Waste or Common, and doth not leave sufficient Room for the Commoners; they may break down such Inclosure, or have Writ of Assize.1756 Act 29 Geo. II c. 36 (title) An Act for inclosing by the mutual Consent of Lords and Tenants, Part of any Common.1777 W. Dalrymple Trav. Spain & Portugal xvi The late bishop improved this spot of ground..by planting and inclosing it.1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 594 The general advantages of inclosing land can admit of no question.figurative.1562 Apol. Priv. Masse (1850) 8 To enclose that to some one sort of private profit, that ought to remain in common.a1618 W. Raleigh Maxims of State (1651) 43 Charles the fifth..purposed to enclose their [the Netherlanders] priviledges.1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 420 This round World, whose first convex divides The luminous inferior Orbs, enclos'd From Chaos. View more context for this quotation1668 Howe in H. Rogers Life (1863) iv. 126 It is an enclosed pleasure; a joy which the stranger cannot intermeddle with. 2. a. To shut up in a room or building; to seclude, imprison. Obsolete except with reference to monastic seclusion. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > confinement > confine [verb (transitive)] beloukOE loukOE sparc1175 pena1200 bepen?c1225 pind?c1225 prison?c1225 spearc1300 stopc1315 restraina1325 aclosec1350 forbara1375 reclosea1382 ward1390 enclose1393 locka1400 reclusea1400 pinc1400 sparc1430 hamperc1440 umbecastc1440 murea1450 penda1450 mew?c1450 to shut inc1460 encharter1484 to shut up1490 bara1500 hedge1549 hema1552 impound1562 strain1566 chamber1568 to lock up1568 coop1570 incarcerate1575 cage1577 mew1581 kennel1582 coop1583 encagea1586 pound1589 imprisonc1595 encloister1596 button1598 immure1598 seclude1598 uplock1600 stow1602 confine1603 jail1604 hearse1608 bail1609 hasp1620 cub1621 secure1621 incarcera1653 fasten1658 to keep up1673 nun1753 mope1765 quarantine1804 peg1824 penfold1851 encoop1867 oubliette1884 jigger1887 corral1890 maroon1904 to bang up1950 to lock down1971 society > faith > church government > monasticism > [verb (transitive)] > place in an order cloister1591 encloister1622 clauster1635 enclose1872 α. 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 200 Many a day..he lay..Withinne walles fast enclosed. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 334 Of vche clene comly kynde enclose seuen makez. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) iv. 219 The quhethir men said, enclosit he had Ane spirit. 1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. viii. vi. 148 Infinite multitudes were euery where inclosed. a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1616) sig. D3^v In the strongest Tower inclose him fast. 1872 O. Shipley Gloss. Eccl. Terms 169 The nuns live in community, but are not enclosed. β. 1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. iii. 62 Manasses was neuer reclaimed vntil he was inclosed in prison.1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. 451 He caused inclose mee in a little Cabinet within the Parlour. †b. To put (a jury) in the ‘box’. Scottish. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1759 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) III. xxxix. 271 The jury was enclosed, of which the earl of Caithness was chancellor. 1795 Scots Mag. 57 610/2 Eleven o'clock..at which time the jury was inclosed. 3. a. To insert in a frame or setting, or in a surrounding mass of material; to shut up in a case, envelope, or receptacle. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > insertion or putting in > insert or put in [verb (transitive)] > in a surrounding mass enclosec1386 umbewendc1440 bed1587 to bed in1778 embed1778 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)] > enclose in a receptacle or surrounding mass enclosec1386 α. c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋965 In the orisoun of the Paternoster hath oure Lord Jhesu Crist enclosed most thinges. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 506 And lettres hym bedes Of credence enclosyde. 1611 Bible (King James) Exod. xxxix. 6 They wrought Onix stones enclosed in ouches of gold. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) i. ii. 435 That lyes enclosed in this Trunke, which you Shall beare along impawnd. View more context for this quotation 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §318 The Apple, Enclosed in Wax was..Green and Fresh. 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 79 in Sylva About the middle of this Moneth..quite enclose your tender Plants. β. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 340 The Reliques of Malcolme..war Jncloset, and keipet in the selfe buist.1611 Bible (King James) Song of Sol. viii. 9 If she bee a dore, we will inclose her with boards of Cedar. View more context for this quotation1713 R. Steele in Guardian 12 Mar. 1/1 A flowing Robe or Mantle, inclosed in a Circle of Foliages.1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 147 Whatever extraneous matter it finds is inclosed in the gum. b. In modern use esp.: To place (a letter, document, etc.) for transmission within the cover of another. Also said of the containing letter. ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > sending items > send items [verb (transitive)] > enclose in letter enclose1707 1707 J. Addison Lett. (1941) 68 My Lord Hartford desiring me to enclose this Letter to the Electoress. 1708 J. Addison Lett. (1941) 109 I this morning receiv'd..your Lordship's letter..with several others enclosed in the same packet. 1768 Bp. W. Warburton Lett. (1809) 422 I looked over my papers to see if I could explain the matter in another sheet, which I would have inclosed. 1835 C. Dickens Let. 8 Aug. (1965) I. 72 My dear Tom.—I inclose you the proof we spoke of, agreeably to your request. 1838 C. Dickens Let. 28 Dec. (1965) I. 478 I inclose to Mrs. Blanchard an Invitation from my worser half. 1840 F. Trollope Widow Married I. iii. 84 I enclose you a lock of its dear little hair. a1891 Mod. (Comm.) I beg to enclose my price list. I have received his letter enclosing a cheque. 1903 J. Joyce Let. 9 Mar. (1966) II. 35 I enclose you self-explaining documents. 4. In various occasional uses: †a. To blindfold (the eyes). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > not seeing or preventing from seeing > prevent from seeing [verb (transitive)] > blindfold or cover eyes blindfold?c1225 to stop (a person's) eyes or sightc1380 enclose1477 silec1500 hoodwink1562 muffle1573 scarf1598 bluff1673 to seal (a person's) eyes or ears1700 bonnet1828 blink1846 occlude1921 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 138 [Jason] made them to ere foure mesures of londe enclosing their eyen. †b. To harness, put in the shafts. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > general equipment > [verb (transitive)] > harness or yoke yokeOE harness13.. cart-saddle1377 join1377 couple1393 enharness1490 benda1522 bind1535 span1550 team1552 spang1580 inyoke1595 trace1605 enclose?1615 gear1638 to get in1687 reharness1775 reyoke1813 to hook up1825 inspan1834 hitch1844 pole1846 stock1909 ?1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses (new ed.) iii. 658 They went to coach, and did their horse inclose [Gk. ζεύγνυντο]. †c. To fasten (a door). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close (a door, window, etc.) shutc1000 steek?c1225 makec1300 speara1325 yark toc1400 to shut toc1450 to put toa1500 warpc1540 enclose1563 to pull to1673 dub1753 1563 T. Becon Certain Articles Christian Relig. xix We celebrate the mysteryes, the dores beyng shut and enclosed. 5. a. Of things: To surround, bound on all sides; to envelop, contain. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] befong971 beclipc1000 begoc1000 belieOE bestandc1000 to go about ——OE umbegangc1200 behema1250 befallc1275 berunc1275 girdc1290 bihalvena1300 umlapa1300 umlaya1300 umlouka1300 umbegoc1300 belayc1320 halsea1340 enclose1340 umbelapa1350 embracec1360 betrendc1374 circlec1374 umbecasta1375 to give about1382 environa1393 umbeclipa1395 compassa1400 encircle?a1400 enourle?a1400 umbegivea1400 umbeseta1400 umbeliec1400 umbetighc1400 enroundc1420 measurec1425 umbsteadc1450 adviron?1473 purprise1481 umbeviron1489 belta1500 girtha1500 overgirda1500 engirt15.. envirea1513 round?a1513 brace1513 umbereach1513 becompass1520 circuea1533 girtc1540 umbsetc1540 circule1553 encompass1555 circulate?a1560 ingyre1568 to do about1571 engird1573 circumdate1578 succinge1578 employ1579 circuate1581 girdle1582 wheel1582 circumgyre1583 enring1589 ringa1592 embail1593 enfold1596 invier1596 stem1596 circumcingle1599 ingert1599 engirdle1602 circulize1603 circumscribe1605 begirt1608 to go round1610 enwheela1616 surround1616 shingle1621 encirculize1624 circumviron1632 beround1643 orba1644 circumference1646 becircle1648 incircuitc1650 circumcinge1657 circumtend1684 besiege1686 cincture1789 zone1795 cravat1814 encincture1820 circumvent1824 begirdle1837 perambulate1863 cordon1891 α. 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 6610 Þe sese..encloses alle þe erthe oboute. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Jonah ii. 6 Depnesse encloside me. 1735 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. IV. 193 A province inclosed between Cilicia and Cappadocia. 1834 H. McMurtrie tr. G. Cuvier Animal Kingdom (abridged ed.) 409 The semi-nymph only differs from the larva in the presence of the cases which enclose the wings. 1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 585 A normal cambium..encloses a large pith. 1887 R. L. Stevenson Underwoods i. i. 1 A house with lawns enclosing it. β. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 167 A coistly croun..This cumly quene did on hir heid inclois.a1650 G. Boate Irelands Nat. Hist. (1652) v. 40 The Sea..upon the East-side, where the same is inclosed betwixt Ireland and Great-Britain.1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 18 Many of them [crystals] inclose organized substances which they could not have admitted but when in a soft or liquid state.1839 G. Bird Elements Nat. Philos. 106 The air inclosed between E and A will escape through the valve E. b. Mathematics. Of lines or surfaces: To bound on all sides (a portion of space); also (loosely) to intercept (an angle). ΚΠ 1762 Simson Euclid's Elem. Axiom Two straight lines cannot enclose a space. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. §2. 15 The number of degrees in the angle enclosed by the two mirrors. 1885 H. W. Watson & S. H. Burbury Math. Theory Electr. & Magn. I. 63 The space within any closed surface S' enclosing S. 6. Of an army, a number of persons, etc.: To surround, hem in on all sides. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] > as people bitrumc1000 environc1384 compass1388 encompass1555 ringa1592 enclose1611 gird1671 envelop1683 1611 Bible (King James) Judges xx. 43 They inclosed the Beniamites round about. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) v. iii. 28 Titinius is enclosed round about With Horsemen. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 617 They..half enclose him round With all his Peers. View more context for this quotation 1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives I. (1879) I. 125/1 The rest of the forces..enclosed the enemy's rear. 1865–6 H. Phillips Amer. Paper Currency II. 91 Endeavor to enclose the British army and navy in the Delaware bay. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1483adj.?a1400v.1340
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† enclosen.

† encloseadj.

encloseinclosev.