emeraldn.

/ˈɛmərəld/

Forms: Middle English–1600s emeraud(e, emerawd(e, emraud, (Middle English emeraund, emerad(e, emeroyde, emmorant, Middle English amaraunt, emerant, 1500s amerand, emerode, emorade, emrade, emrode,) 1600s hemerauld, emrald, emrauld, emrold, (1700s emerant), 1500s– emerald.

Etymology: < Old French emeraude, esmeraude, esmeralde (French émeraude ); compare Provençal esmerauda , Spanish esmeralda , Portuguese esmeralda , Italian smeraldo < Common Romanic types *smaralda , *smaraldo , representing Latin smaragdus , < Greek σμάραγδος : see smaragdus n. The change of gd into ld in Romanic occurs in other cases, as Italian Baldacca for Bagdad. In English the form with ld does not appear in our quots. before 16th cent., when it may be due to Spanish influence.

1. A precious stone of bright green colour; in modern use exclusively applied to a variety of the Beryl species (see beryl n. 2), found chiefly in South America, Siberia, and India. [In early examples the word, like most other names of precious stones, is of vague meaning; the medieval references to the stone are often based upon the descriptions given by classical writers of the smaragdus, the identity of which with the emerald is doubtful. In the King James Bible (as previously by Tyndale) emerald has been adopted as the rendering of Hebrew nōphek (Septuagint ἄνθραξ, Vulgate carbunculus), a gem as to the nature of which there is no evidence.]

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > beryl > [noun] > emerald

smaragda1300

emeraldc1300

prasine?c1335

smaragdine1382

smaragdus1382

smarald1599

prasine stone1665

c1300 K. Alis. 7030 Grete drakis..emeraundis in mouth bare.

a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 31 Ase emeraude amorewen þis may haueþ myht.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1470 Amaraunȝ & amaffised stones.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. vii. 79 The Emerawde..is..playsaunt to the eye.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rev. xxi. 19 The fourth an emeralde.

1527 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1884) V. 244 Unum annulum cum lapide vocato an emorade.

1584 J. Newbery Let. 20 Jan. in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) i. 211 Fiue emrauds set in golde.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 454 Our cups..must be set out with hemeraulds.

1609 Bible (Douay) I. Exod. xxviii. 19 In the first rew shal be..the emeraud.

1637 J. Milton Comus 31 My..chariot..Thicke set with..Emrould greene.

1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses II. 523 A ring..having an emrold set therein between two diamonds.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Emerald is supposed..to arrive at its Greenness by slow Degrees.

1842 E. Bulwer-Lytton Zanoni 28 Valleys where the birds build their nests with emeralds to attract the moths.

1861 C. W. King Antique Gems (1866) 29 The Bactrian and Scythian Emeralds were considered the best.

2. Heraldry. The name given by English heralds to the green colour (ordinarily called vert) when it occurs in the arms of the nobility.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic tincture > [noun] > colour > green

verd1449

sinople1489

vert?1507

emerald1572

Venus1572

1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 60^v The fielde is of the Topaze, a Basiliske displayed, Emeraude, cristed, Saphire.

3. transferred as name of its colour; = emerald-green at Compounds 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > green colouring matter > [noun] > pigment or dye > other pigments

vert1481

verditer1505

green bice1548

sap1572

sap-green1578

terre-verte1658

verditer1665

ultramarine blue (or colour)1686

emerald1712

Prussian green1738

Saxon green1753

verditel1778

Brunswick green1790

mountain green1822

Vienna green1825

bladder-green1830

Verona green1835

mitis green1839

Paris green1847

Hooker's green1860

Guignet's green1862

emerald green1879

silk green1880

viridian1882

Cassel green1885

Milori green1885

Victoria green1890

Montpellier green1930

cadmium green1934

guaco1936

Monastral1936

1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 107 Scales of Brass thrice calcin'd..will make a Sea-green, an Emerald..with many other colours.

Categories »

4. Printing. The name of the size of type larger than nonpareil and smaller than minion.

Compounds

C1. Simple attributive.

ΚΠ

1877 W. Jones Finger-ring Lore 127 An emerald ring was thought to ensure purity.

C2. quasi-adj. Brilliantly green like the emerald.

ΚΠ

a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) v. v. 69 Hony Soit Qui Mal-y-Pence, write In Emrold-tuffes.

1792 S. Rogers Pleasures Mem. i. 145 The glow-worm loves her emerald-light to shed.

1813 J. Hogg Kilmeny The stillness that lay on the emerant lee.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 158 That vast expanse of emerald meadow.

1855 R. C. Singleton tr. Virgil Eclogues i, in tr. Virgil Wks. I. 8 Thou mightest have reposed This night upon the emerald foliage.

C3. Similative in adjectives, as emerald-bright, emerald-green, emerald-like.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > [adjective] > bright green

smaragdine1591

emerald-green1637

poison green1749

emeraldine1855

lime-green1890

twig-green1892

1637 W. Alexander Doomes-day (new ed.) xii. xii. 263 in Recreations with Muses Rivers..emulate the emerauld-like grasse.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. xxv. 177 A..flame of a circular figure and Emerald green colour.

1860 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters V. 84 The glades between emerald-bright.

1879 R. H. Elliot Written on their Foreheads I. 1 The fields..were emerald green.

C4. Special combinations or phrases:

† emerald copper n. Mineralogy Obsolete = dioptase n.

ΚΠ

1815 A. Aikin Man. Mineral. 91 Emerald Copper..occurs crystallized in lengthened dodecahedrons.

emerald cuckoo n. an African cuckoo, Chrysococcyx cupreus, with green and gold plumage.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Cuculiformes (cuckoos, etc.) > [noun] > family Cuculidae > genus Chrysococcyx > chrysococcyx cupreus (emerald cuckoo)

golden cuckoo1790

emerald cuckoo1876

1876 H. Brooks Natal iv. 136 Amongst the climbers of the coast bush there is one bird known as the emerald cuckoo.

1937 Nature 3 July 18/1 Among the birds [found in Arabia], three are new to science, namely, a race of the common magpie, a small Scops owl, and an emerald cuckoo.

1953 R. Campbell Mamba's Precipice xi. 115 The four-note whistle of an emerald cuckoo.

1964 A. L. Thomson New Dict. Birds 170/1 The Emerald Cuckoo Chrysococcyx cupreus has plumage of brilliant golden-green with bright yellow on the body.

emerald green n. a durable pigment of a vivid light-green colour, prepared from the arseniate of copper.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > green colouring matter > [noun] > pigment or dye > other pigments

vert1481

verditer1505

green bice1548

sap1572

sap-green1578

terre-verte1658

verditer1665

ultramarine blue (or colour)1686

emerald1712

Prussian green1738

Saxon green1753

verditel1778

Brunswick green1790

mountain green1822

Vienna green1825

bladder-green1830

Verona green1835

mitis green1839

Paris green1847

Hooker's green1860

Guignet's green1862

emerald green1879

silk green1880

viridian1882

Cassel green1885

Milori green1885

Victoria green1890

Montpellier green1930

cadmium green1934

guaco1936

Monastral1936

1879 O. N. Rood Mod. Chromatics ix. 121 The pigment known as emerald-green.

Emerald Isle n. a name given to Ireland, on account of its prevailing verdure.

ΚΠ

1795 W. Drennan Erin in Notes & Queries 2nd Ser. IX. 199 The men of the Emerald Isle [Drennan afterwards claimed to have invented the name.]

1842 J. W. Orderson Creoleana v. 46 Our friend of the Emerald Isle.

emerald moth n. Entomology a name applied to certain moths of the genera Hipparchus, Hemithea, and Cleora, distinguished by their bright green colour.

ΚΠ

1845 H. N. Humphreys & J. O. Westwood Brit. Moths II. 17 Hipparchus papilionarius (the large emerald). Hemithea vernaria (the small emerald). Hemithea smaragdaria (the Essex emerald). Cleora bajularia (the blotched emerald).

emerald nickel n. Mineralogy a native hydrocarbonate of nickel.

ΚΠ

1848 Amer. Jrnl. Sc. 2nd Ser. 6 248 Emerald Nickel from Texas.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	emerald
释义	emeraldn. /ˈɛmərəld/ Forms: Middle English–1600s emeraud(e, emerawd(e, emraud, (Middle English emeraund, emerad(e, emeroyde, emmorant, Middle English amaraunt, emerant, 1500s amerand, emerode, emorade, emrade, emrode,) 1600s hemerauld, emrald, emrauld, emrold, (1700s emerant), 1500s– emerald. Etymology: < Old French emeraude, esmeraude, esmeralde (French émeraude ); compare Provençal esmerauda , Spanish esmeralda , Portuguese esmeralda , Italian smeraldo < Common Romanic types smaralda , smaraldo , representing Latin smaragdus , < Greek σμάραγδος : see smaragdus n. The change of gd into ld in Romanic occurs in other cases, as Italian Baldacca for Bagdad. In English the form with ld does not appear in our quots. before 16th cent., when it may be due to Spanish influence. 1. A precious stone of bright green colour; in modern use exclusively applied to a variety of the Beryl species (see beryl n. 2), found chiefly in South America, Siberia, and India. [In early examples the word, like most other names of precious stones, is of vague meaning; the medieval references to the stone are often based upon the descriptions given by classical writers of the smaragdus, the identity of which with the emerald is doubtful. In the King James Bible (as previously by Tyndale) emerald has been adopted as the rendering of Hebrew nōphek (Septuagint ἄνθραξ, Vulgate carbunculus), a gem as to the nature of which there is no evidence.] ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > beryl > [noun] > emerald smaragda1300 emeraldc1300 prasine?c1335 smaragdine1382 smaragdus1382 smarald1599 prasine stone1665 c1300 K. Alis. 7030 Grete drakis..emeraundis in mouth bare. a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 31 Ase emeraude amorewen þis may haueþ myht. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1470 Amaraunȝ & amaffised stones. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. vii. 79 The Emerawde..is..playsaunt to the eye. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rev. xxi. 19 The fourth an emeralde. 1527 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1884) V. 244 Unum annulum cum lapide vocato an emorade. 1584 J. Newbery Let. 20 Jan. in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) i. 211 Fiue emrauds set in golde. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 454 Our cups..must be set out with hemeraulds. 1609 Bible (Douay) I. Exod. xxviii. 19 In the first rew shal be..the emeraud. 1637 J. Milton Comus 31 My..chariot..Thicke set with..Emrould greene. 1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses II. 523 A ring..having an emrold set therein between two diamonds. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Emerald is supposed..to arrive at its Greenness by slow Degrees. 1842 E. Bulwer-Lytton Zanoni 28 Valleys where the birds build their nests with emeralds to attract the moths. 1861 C. W. King Antique Gems (1866) 29 The Bactrian and Scythian Emeralds were considered the best. 2. Heraldry. The name given by English heralds to the green colour (ordinarily called vert) when it occurs in the arms of the nobility. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic tincture > [noun] > colour > green verd1449 sinople1489 vert?1507 emerald1572 Venus1572 1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 60^v The fielde is of the Topaze, a Basiliske displayed, Emeraude, cristed, Saphire. 3. transferred as name of its colour; = emerald-green at Compounds 3. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > green colouring matter > [noun] > pigment or dye > other pigments vert1481 verditer1505 green bice1548 sap1572 sap-green1578 terre-verte1658 verditer1665 ultramarine blue (or colour)1686 emerald1712 Prussian green1738 Saxon green1753 verditel1778 Brunswick green1790 mountain green1822 Vienna green1825 bladder-green1830 Verona green1835 mitis green1839 Paris green1847 Hooker's green1860 Guignet's green1862 emerald green1879 silk green1880 viridian1882 Cassel green1885 Milori green1885 Victoria green1890 Montpellier green1930 cadmium green1934 guaco1936 Monastral1936 1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 107 Scales of Brass thrice calcin'd..will make a Sea-green, an Emerald..with many other colours. Categories » 4. Printing. The name of the size of type larger than nonpareil and smaller than minion. Compounds C1. Simple attributive. ΚΠ 1877 W. Jones Finger-ring Lore 127 An emerald ring was thought to ensure purity. C2. quasi-adj. Brilliantly green like the emerald. ΚΠ a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) v. v. 69 Hony Soit Qui Mal-y-Pence, write In Emrold-tuffes. 1792 S. Rogers Pleasures Mem. i. 145 The glow-worm loves her emerald-light to shed. 1813 J. Hogg Kilmeny The stillness that lay on the emerant lee. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 158 That vast expanse of emerald meadow. 1855 R. C. Singleton tr. Virgil Eclogues i, in tr. Virgil Wks. I. 8 Thou mightest have reposed This night upon the emerald foliage. C3. Similative in adjectives, as emerald-bright, emerald-green, emerald-like. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > [adjective] > bright green smaragdine1591 emerald-green1637 poison green1749 emeraldine1855 lime-green1890 twig-green1892 1637 W. Alexander Doomes-day (new ed.) xii. xii. 263 in Recreations with Muses Rivers..emulate the emerauld-like grasse. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. xxv. 177 A..flame of a circular figure and Emerald green colour. View more context for this quotation 1860 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters V. 84 The glades between emerald-bright. 1879 R. H. Elliot Written on their Foreheads I. 1 The fields..were emerald green. C4. Special combinations or phrases: † emerald copper n. Mineralogy Obsolete = dioptase n. ΚΠ 1815 A. Aikin Man. Mineral. 91 Emerald Copper..occurs crystallized in lengthened dodecahedrons. emerald cuckoo n. an African cuckoo, Chrysococcyx cupreus, with green and gold plumage. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Cuculiformes (cuckoos, etc.) > [noun] > family Cuculidae > genus Chrysococcyx > chrysococcyx cupreus (emerald cuckoo) golden cuckoo1790 emerald cuckoo1876 1876 H. Brooks Natal iv. 136 Amongst the climbers of the coast bush there is one bird known as the emerald cuckoo. 1937 Nature 3 July 18/1 Among the birds [found in Arabia], three are new to science, namely, a race of the common magpie, a small Scops owl, and an emerald cuckoo. 1953 R. Campbell Mamba's Precipice xi. 115 The four-note whistle of an emerald cuckoo. 1964 A. L. Thomson New Dict. Birds 170/1 The Emerald Cuckoo Chrysococcyx cupreus has plumage of brilliant golden-green with bright yellow on the body. emerald green n. a durable pigment of a vivid light-green colour, prepared from the arseniate of copper. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > green colouring matter > [noun] > pigment or dye > other pigments vert1481 verditer1505 green bice1548 sap1572 sap-green1578 terre-verte1658 verditer1665 ultramarine blue (or colour)1686 emerald1712 Prussian green1738 Saxon green1753 verditel1778 Brunswick green1790 mountain green1822 Vienna green1825 bladder-green1830 Verona green1835 mitis green1839 Paris green1847 Hooker's green1860 Guignet's green1862 emerald green1879 silk green1880 viridian1882 Cassel green1885 Milori green1885 Victoria green1890 Montpellier green1930 cadmium green1934 guaco1936 Monastral1936 1879 O. N. Rood Mod. Chromatics ix. 121 The pigment known as emerald-green. Emerald Isle n. a name given to Ireland, on account of its prevailing verdure. ΚΠ 1795 W. Drennan Erin in Notes & Queries 2nd Ser. IX. 199 The men of the Emerald Isle [Drennan afterwards claimed to have invented the name.] 1842 J. W. Orderson Creoleana v. 46 Our friend of the Emerald Isle. emerald moth n. Entomology a name applied to certain moths of the genera Hipparchus, Hemithea, and Cleora, distinguished by their bright green colour. ΚΠ 1845 H. N. Humphreys & J. O. Westwood Brit. Moths II. 17 Hipparchus papilionarius (the large emerald). Hemithea vernaria (the small emerald). Hemithea smaragdaria (the Essex emerald). Cleora bajularia (the blotched emerald). emerald nickel n. Mineralogy a native hydrocarbonate of nickel. ΚΠ 1848 Amer. Jrnl. Sc. 2nd Ser. 6 248 Emerald Nickel from Texas. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1300
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