endothermicadj.

/ɛndəʊˈθəːmɪk/

Etymology: < French endothermique (M. Berthelot Essai de mécanique chimique (1879) II. iv. ii. 18), < endo- prefix and comb. form + thermic adj.

Chemistry.

Characterized by, or attended with, the absorption of heat.

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the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > thermochemistry > [adjective] > endothermic reactions

endothermic1884

1884 M. M. P. Muir Treat. Princ. Chem. i. iv. 254 To found a system of classification on the difference between exothermic and endothermic changes.

1890 J. M. Thomson & A. G. Bloxam Bloxam's Chem. (ed. 7) 141 When C is burnt into CO₂ by 2 N₂O, it evolves 40,400 more units of heat than when burnt in O₂, showing that, contrary to the usual law, heat is evolved in the decomposition of the N₂O, amounting to 20,200 units per molecule. Such a compound is said to be endothermic.

1898 Nature 18 Aug. 375 The true chemical equivalent of light energy can only be measured by means of an endothermic irreversible reaction.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 37/1 Such endothermic bodies are nearly always found to show considerable violence in their decomposition.

1927 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 116 479 Practically all clays undergo an endothermic reaction between 100° and 650°C.

1945 Electronic Engin. 17 670 The individual process of induced transformation is just as likely to be endothermic as exothermic.

1960 New Biol. 31 62 The formation is analogous to an endothermic compound or to any molecule in which energy is stored.

1963 R. R. A. Higham Handbk. Papermaking v. 109 In the case of the sulphate process the reaction given above is endothermic and, as such, requires considerable heat to achieve completion.

1965 New Scientist 4 Nov. 345/1 Beyond Mach 5 the heat to be absorbed will be so great that it will be necessary to use ‘endothermic fuels’ which undergo chemical reactions which absorb heat.

Draft additions 1993

Categories »

Also (of a compound), absorbing heat during its formation and liberating it during its decomposition.

2. Zoology. Exercising partial or total control over body temperature by means of the internal generation of heat; warm-blooded. Cf. homoeothermic adj. opposed to ectothermic adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > internal organs and systems > [adjective] > relating to thermogenesis > warm-blooded

homoeothermal1870

homothermous1881

stenothermal1881

homoeothermic1889

homothermic1890

endothermic1946

tachymetabolic1974

1946 Science 18 Jan. 2664/1 If cold-blooded, they were definitely ectothermic in nature, that is, they derived their chief source of heat from outside of the body in direct contrast to the later warm-blooded or endothermic types in which temperatures are chiefly a result of metabolic activity.

1961 C. H. Pope Giant Snakes 111 For ‘warm-blooded’ they use endothermic, and for ‘cold-blooded’, ectothermic.

1972 Sci. Amer. June 71/2 In another category are the endothermic animals, in which the heat that determines body temperature is derived largely from the animal's own energy metabolism.

1979 Nature 12 Apr. 635/1 Many workers have proposed that dinosaurs were endothermic, as are all living mammals and birds, rather than ectothermic, as are all living reptiles.

1985 D. Norman Illustr. Encycl. Dinosaurs 188/3 The proposition that Bakker made was that only animals with an endothermic physiology are capable of walking with an erect gait; therefore dinosaurs must have been endotherms.

Draft additions 1993

ˌendotherˈmicity n. the degree to which a reaction is endothermic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > thermochemistry > [noun] > endothermic reactions

endothermicity1965

1965 C. S. G. Phillips & R. J. P. Williams Inorg. Chem. I. x. 347 It was found to be a good approximation that the energy of activation was either very small or very close to the endothermicity of the reaction.

1988 Nature 28 Apr. 798/1 The activation energies of the first two channels, 10a and 10b, are determined mainly by reaction endothermicities as the reverse reactions have near-zero activation energies.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

单词	endothermic
释义	endothermicadj. /ɛndəʊˈθəːmɪk/ Etymology: < French endothermique (M. Berthelot Essai de mécanique chimique (1879) II. iv. ii. 18), < endo- prefix and comb. form + thermic adj. Chemistry. Characterized by, or attended with, the absorption of heat. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > thermochemistry > [adjective] > endothermic reactions endothermic1884 1884 M. M. P. Muir Treat. Princ. Chem. i. iv. 254 To found a system of classification on the difference between exothermic and endothermic changes. 1890 J. M. Thomson & A. G. Bloxam Bloxam's Chem. (ed. 7) 141 When C is burnt into CO₂ by 2 N₂O, it evolves 40,400 more units of heat than when burnt in O₂, showing that, contrary to the usual law, heat is evolved in the decomposition of the N₂O, amounting to 20,200 units per molecule. Such a compound is said to be endothermic. 1898 Nature 18 Aug. 375 The true chemical equivalent of light energy can only be measured by means of an endothermic irreversible reaction. 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 37/1 Such endothermic bodies are nearly always found to show considerable violence in their decomposition. 1927 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 116 479 Practically all clays undergo an endothermic reaction between 100° and 650°C. 1945 Electronic Engin. 17 670 The individual process of induced transformation is just as likely to be endothermic as exothermic. 1960 New Biol. 31 62 The formation is analogous to an endothermic compound or to any molecule in which energy is stored. 1963 R. R. A. Higham Handbk. Papermaking v. 109 In the case of the sulphate process the reaction given above is endothermic and, as such, requires considerable heat to achieve completion. 1965 New Scientist 4 Nov. 345/1 Beyond Mach 5 the heat to be absorbed will be so great that it will be necessary to use ‘endothermic fuels’ which undergo chemical reactions which absorb heat. Draft additions 1993 Categories » Also (of a compound), absorbing heat during its formation and liberating it during its decomposition. 2. Zoology. Exercising partial or total control over body temperature by means of the internal generation of heat; warm-blooded. Cf. homoeothermic adj. opposed to ectothermic adj. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > internal organs and systems > [adjective] > relating to thermogenesis > warm-blooded homoeothermal1870 homothermous1881 stenothermal1881 homoeothermic1889 homothermic1890 endothermic1946 tachymetabolic1974 1946 Science 18 Jan. 2664/1 If cold-blooded, they were definitely ectothermic in nature, that is, they derived their chief source of heat from outside of the body in direct contrast to the later warm-blooded or endothermic types in which temperatures are chiefly a result of metabolic activity. 1961 C. H. Pope Giant Snakes 111 For ‘warm-blooded’ they use endothermic, and for ‘cold-blooded’, ectothermic. 1972 Sci. Amer. June 71/2 In another category are the endothermic animals, in which the heat that determines body temperature is derived largely from the animal's own energy metabolism. 1979 Nature 12 Apr. 635/1 Many workers have proposed that dinosaurs were endothermic, as are all living mammals and birds, rather than ectothermic, as are all living reptiles. 1985 D. Norman Illustr. Encycl. Dinosaurs 188/3 The proposition that Bakker made was that only animals with an endothermic physiology are capable of walking with an erect gait; therefore dinosaurs must have been endotherms. Draft additions 1993 ˌendotherˈmicity n. the degree to which a reaction is endothermic. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > thermochemistry > [noun] > endothermic reactions endothermicity1965 1965 C. S. G. Phillips & R. J. P. Williams Inorg. Chem. I. x. 347 It was found to be a good approximation that the energy of activation was either very small or very close to the endothermicity of the reaction. 1988 Nature 28 Apr. 798/1 The activation energies of the first two channels, 10a and 10b, are determined mainly by reaction endothermicities as the reverse reactions have near-zero activation energies. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online June 2018). < adj.1884
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