| 释义 |
enginen. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French engine, engin. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman engine, enginne, engynne, ingein, Anglo-Norman and Old French engign, enging, Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French engin, engien (French engin ) inborn talent, intelligence, or wit (12th cent. in Old French), tool, implement (12th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), ruse, deceit, expedient (1119), large machine or instrument used in warfare (1165), ingenuity, skill (late 12th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), magic power (late 12th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), instrument of torture (early 13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), tackle (early 13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), trap, snare used in hunting (13th cent.), (of a person) natural disposition (1496), piece of machinery by which a character (especially a god) could appear suspended above the stage (1565 in the passage translated in quot. 1579 at sense 7), penis (a1600) < classical Latin ingenium natural disposition, temperament, inherent quality or character, natural inclination or desire, mental powers, natural abilities, talent, intellect, mind, cleverness, skill, ingenuity, clever device, contrivance, in post-classical Latin also trick, craft, malice (late 2nd cent. in Tertullian), means (6th cent.), trap (6th cent.), instrument (11th cent.), siege-machine (frequently from 12th cent. in British and continental sources): see ingenium n. Compare Old Occitan engenh (also engen , ingein , engien ), Spanish ingenio (1251 as engeño ), Portuguese engenho (13th cent.), Italian ingegno (a1292). Compare gin n.1In β. forms probably originally showing alteration after classical Latin ingenium (compare ingeny n.). Variation between α. forms and β. forms occurs from Middle English through to the 16th cent. In the 17th cent. β. forms apparently only survive in branch I. (For survival of branch I. in Scots see ingine n.). From the 19th cent. onwards β. forms appear in branch II. (chiefly in U.S. regional use), probably representing a colloquial pronunciation of engine n. In sense 4d perhaps by confusion with hinge n. (compare e.g. the form henge at that entry) or hingle n. (compare e.g. the form hengle at that entry). In sense 7 taken as the equivalent of classical Latin māchina (see machine n. 4). In sense 12 after classical Latin māchina mundī (Lucretius). †I. Ingenuity, cunning, or disposition. 1. the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill will, malevolence > [noun] > intention of α. ?a1300 St. Eustace (Digby) l. 288 in C. Horstmann (1881) 2nd Ser. 217 (MED) Hy wenten to hoere inne..Wiþouten vuel enginne. c1330 (?c1300) (Auch.) l. 2003 (MED) Ac now icham from him ifare Þourȝ godes grace & min engyn. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) iv. l. 2438 Tho wommen were of great engyn. a1500 (Rawl. Poet.) (1862) App. l. 1440* Thought his counsell was fals engyne. a1500 (?c1450) i. 20 (MED) I am the sone of the enmy that begiled my moder with engyn. a1535 T. More (1641) 2 By what crafty engin he first attempted his ungracious purpose. 1557 (Copland) iv. xii Brought to the purpose by fals engyn and treason and by false enchauntement. 1658 J. Durham 768 This city which every way is exceeding regular, as the engine of a most excellent Contriver or Plotter can invent. 1689 5 And after long and tedious ranging, By help of Mathematick Engine, A Setting-pole the cunning Rogues Brought from the Fleet to leap the Bogs. the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > skill or art > inventive or constructive skill c1330 (?c1300) Reinbrun (Auch.) in J. Zupitza (1891) 664 (MED) Ac þis castel is gode engyn: Noblech a wereþ him þer-in. a1450 (?a1300) (Caius) (1810) l. 4896 The castel Calaphyne, That was ful off good engyne. c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius (Linc. Cathedral 103) 271 (MED) Vnto man it ne longeþ noght To knowen all his [sc. God's] wonderfull engyne [L. machinas], And of þe werkes whiche þat ben y-wroght. a1500 (Rawl.) (1896) 19 (MED) The entrees..thay setten men forto stopyn, in some Place with trees y-cast doune, and in othir Placis depe dichis y-cast; thegh the Place were stronge of kynd, thay maddyn hit mych strongir with Engyn. the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] > a wile or cunning device the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] > contrivance or machination the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means > available means or a resource > a device, contrivance, or expedient α. c1300 (c1250) (Cambr.) (1966) l. 759 He het him telle his engin, Hu he to Blauncheflur com in. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer (Hunterian) (1891) l. 4549 The develes engynnes wolde me take. a1500 (c1477) T. Norton (BL Add.) (1975) l. 439 To make tru..gold is no engyne, Excepte only the philisophers medicyne. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart I. ccccxiv. 724 To fynde way and engin howe to passe the bridge. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil i. 2 Shee [sc. Juno] soght al possibil engins In surging billows too touze thee coompanie Troian. 1625 F. Bacon (new ed.) 97 Astronomers..did faigne Eccentricks, and Epicycles, and such Engines of Orbs. 1635 F. Quarles iii. ix. 157 The hidden engines? and the snares that lie So undiscover'd. 1667 J. Milton i. 750 Nor did he scape By all his Engins . View more context for this quotation 1719 I. 129 Falshood is the only Engine they have left to defend the Reputation of the Crape. 1781 E. Gibbon II. xxxiii. 252 The warrior could dexterously employ the dark engines of policy. 3. the world > action or operation > ability > [noun] > ability or talent α. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) iv. l. 2637 (MED) Carmente made of hire engin The ferste lettres of Latin, Of which the tunge Romein cam. c1400 ( G. Chaucer (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) Prol. 2 I ne vsurpe nat to haue fownde this werk of my labour or of myn engin. c1405 (c1380) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 339 A man hath Sapiences thre Memorie, engyn, and intellect also. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine 276/1 Saynt Augustyn concluded all the other by engyn and by scyence. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart II. ccii. [cxcviii.] 620 They be herde people, and of rude engyn and wytte, and of dyuers frequentacyons and vsage. 1589 G. Puttenham ii. viii. 68 Such..made most of their workes by translation..few or none of their owne engine. the mind > mental capacity > disposition or character > [noun] 1488 (c1478) Hary (Adv.) (1968–9) vi. l. 316 Off ingen he was trew. 1624 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso (new ed.) i. lxxxiii. 17 His fell ingine His grauer age did somewhat mitigate. II. A machine, contraption, or mechanism. 4. society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > engine of war > [noun] society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] c1380 (1879) l. 3266 (MED) Gunnes grete, And oþer engyns y-hidde, wilde fyr to caste & schete. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 429 (MED) Vaspacianus destourbed þe wal wiþ þe stroke of an engyne [L. arietis]. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 9889 Na maner engine o werc Mai cast þar-til it for to dere. a1500 (?c1450) (1976) l. 859 (MED) And they wyth owte yngynes bende, And stones to þe walles þey sende. 1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus II. Heb. xi. f. xxiv Sodaynely to fall without any violence of engyns. 1598 R. Hakluyt tr. in (new ed.) I. 21 They haue expelled Lions, Beares, & such like vntamed beasts, with their bowes, and other engines. 1667 J. Milton vi. 518 Whereof to found thir Engins and thir Balls. View more context for this quotation 1677 T. D'Urfey v. 54 And I shall make a private Room in your Guts for this Engine here [sc. a rapier]. 1719 D. Defoe 107 Bows and Arrows, great Clubs..and such like Engines of War. 1796 W. Hutchinson 73 He besieged Carlisle in a regular form, by engines and other warlike modes, for ten days. 1843 W. H. Prescott I. iii. ii. 430 They had no weapons to cope with these terrible engines. 1907 R. Payne-Gallwey (title) A Summary of the History, Construction and Effects in Warfare of the Projectile-Throwing Engines of the Ancients. 1934 G. C. Stone 458/1 Mouton, a huge engine forty feet long, twenty wide and twenty high used for throwing stones at the siege of Ghent in 1382. 1989 R. L. O'Connell vi. 97 The Byzantines also retained all the major engines of Roman siegecraft—the vinea and testudo, the torsion catapult, onager, and ballista. society > authority > punishment > torture > instrument or place of torture > [noun] > rack a1450 (Richardson 44) (1884) 55 Graunt þat þis peynfull engyn be destruyed by þe strook of heuenly thonder & leuen. 1477 Earl Rivers tr. (Caxton) (1877) lf. 15 [He] was commanded to be put in engyne and tormented. 1579 W. Fulke Heskins Parl. Repealed in 386 The words..by no engin can be wrested. 1583 T. Stocker tr. ii. 47 His body being trysed vp into the ayre with a tormentrous Engine, they bynd to his feete instruments of Yron. 1608 W. Shakespeare iv. 262 That like an engine wrencht my frame of nature from the fixt place. View more context for this quotation 1689 T. Shadwell i. i What an engine is this fop. 1756 A. Butler I. 123 The saint walked with joy to the frightful engine, so as almost to get the start of his executioners. 1784 R. Cumberland iv. 54 Have you so us'd confession as an engine To twist and torture silence to your purpose? 1816 W. Scott Old Mortality vii. 133 in IV. The fellow..asked..upon which of the prisoner's limbs he should first employ his engine. the world > food and drink > hunting > equipment > trap or snare > [noun] 1481 W. Caxton tr. ii. vi. sig. f. 2 The hunters..by their engyns that they haue propice for the same take hym. 1523 c. 13 Diuers weres & ingins for fisshynge. a1589 L. Mascall (1590) 63 The whippe or spring trappe. This Engine, is called the whip or spring. 1656 R. Flecknoe 20 So maist meet with no mishap Of suttle engine, snare, nor trap... So maist thou avoid the Cat, Deadly enemy of Rat. 1674 N. Cox iii. 211 Partridges are..most easily to be deceived or beguiled with any Train, Bait, Engine, or other Device. 1735 I. at Chest-Traps The little stick may have one end in the notch T of your tricker, and the other end in the hole X, and then is your trap or engine set right as it should be. 1791 in W. Stubbs (ed. 6) 521 A certain snare, trap, machine, and engine for the catching and taking of fish, commonly called putts. 1827 10 Apr. 1/4 Any person taken with game, or engines for its destruction, in their possession, should be taken to have entered for the purpose of killing game. 1863 Apr. 1/4 It is questionable if a score of fish would make their way past the engines devoted to their capture. 1923 c. 16 §11 No fixed engine of any description shall be..used for taking..salmon or migratory trout. 1968 23 May 17/5 The appellant was convicted for unlawfully using..a fixed engine—a net which he had left unattended, secured by anchors. 2002 (Nexis) 20 Mar. 26 In its first year of operation, 13 owners of 23 fishing engines (nets and traps) have agreed to cease fishing on a permanent basis. society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > hinge > for gate or door 1552 R. Huloet Engin of a dore, vertebra. 1574 J. Baret E 202 An Engine of a dore. 1888 F. T. Elworthy at Eengine A pair o' T eengines, vor t 'ang the door way. society > occupation and work > equipment > [noun] a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) v. l. 2156 (MED) He wolde ordeigne such engin, That thei the werk schull undersette With Tymber, that withoute lette Men mai the tresor saufli delve. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 8695 Geauntȝ..set þam [sc. the stones at Stonehenge] on a hille fulle hii with engyns fulle quayntly. (Harl. 221) 140 Engynne, or ingyne, machina. c1550 J. Balfour (1754) 38 He or sche sall be put and haldin in the stokkis or sic uther ingine. 1571 in J. T. Fowler (1882) I. 309 Ropes and other yngynes. 1635 E. Pagitt (1636) iii. 48 The Image with all his engines was openly showed at Pauls crosse. a1661 T. Fuller (1662) Shrop. 4 Some Thieves (with what Engines, unknown)..forced it [sc. a chest] open. 1726 J. Swift I. i. viii. 136 With Ropes and Engines, I made a shift to turn it. 1747 T. Carte I. 535 Being drawn from his horse by an engine with an iron hook at the end. 1866 W. C. Bryant vii At thy feet Scourges and engines of restraint and pain. 1974 J. I. M. Stewart v. 91 ‘I have found..an erotic manual and a package’—he hesitated, as if seeking some approximation to decency—‘and a package of sexual engines.’ 6. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > [noun] 1538 T. Elyot Tollenon, an engyne to drawe vppe water, whiche hath a great poise at the one ende. 1598 J. Stow 184 There was lately erected an engine, to conuey Thames water vnto Downgate Conduite. 1625 N. Carpenter i. i. 12 An artificiall Clock, Mill, or such like great Engine. 1667 (Royal Soc.) 2 425 A Glass-Receiver of the above mentioned Engine [sc. an air-pump]. 1712 J. Arbuthnot x. 19 I'll rather wheel about the Streets an Engine to grind knives and Scissors. 1754 E. Burt I. vi. 128 An Engine to chop Straw withal. 1796 C. Marshall iv. 67 An engine to water the leaves of vines, and all other wall trees..refreshes them much. 1805 Apr. 244 The steam, after it leaves the engine, escapes up the pipe..through the roof of the house. 1865 S. Smiles xii. 224 When the engine was set to work, it was found that the steam could not be kept up, on which Watt suggested that..it must be going too fast. 1891 R. Routledge (ed. 8) 283 The chalk strata under the Channel are to be bored by an engine. 1922 (Brit. Commerc. Gas Assoc.) i. 11/1 The coal..is then wound to the surface by the engines at the pithead. 2002 D. Cassidy et al. vi. 262 The great demand for machines to pump water from mines produced a good market, even for that uneconomical engine. society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > for raising water 1652 W. Blith ix. 56 An Engine or Windmill..with a water-wheel, planted in thy Water-course..which water-wheel must be made to that height as may be sure to take out the bottom of the water. 1697 (Royal Soc.) 19 345 Some [Mills] go with Sails, and serve also to Dreyn the Fens, and are called Engines. 1710 P. Bateson 23 Leverington also did last Year build another Engine to fling the Water into the same Drain. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [noun] > weaving > loom > other types of loom 1676 T. Shadwell v. 73 What wou'd you have, you Son of a Whore; the Engine, and the Rogues that invented it. 1677 R. Thoroton 297/1 The author of that ingenious Engine, wherewith they now weave Silk and other Stockings. 1725 No. 6364/3 By Trade a Silk-Weaver on the Engine. 1822 10 May 206/3 He [sc. Babbage] states that his first engine is capable of computing any table by the aid of differences. 1822 C. Babbage 6 For the purpose of demonstrating the practicability of these views, I have chosen the engine for differences, and have constructed one of them which will produce any tables whose second differences are constant. 1826 C. Babbage in (Royal Soc.) 116 250 In the construction of an engine..for the purpose of calculating tables and impressing the results on plates of copper, I experienced great delay. 1835 D. Brewster xi. 267 The allegation that the arithmetical machines of Pascal and others were the types of Mr. Babbage's engine. 1836 E. A. Poe Maelzel's Chess-player in 2 319/1 What shall we think of the calculating machine of Mr. Babbage? What shall we think of an engine of wood and metal which can not only compute astronomical and navigation tables to any given extent, but [etc.]. 1855 7 502 As M. Scheutz has taken out a patent for his engine, it will be unnecessary to give a detailed description. 1903 Jan. 98/2 Further assistance [to Babbage] was then refused, and the unfinished ‘engine’ was relegated to the museum of King's College, London. 1982 23 212 The mathematical capacity of the Scheutz engine was less than that of the machine envisioned by Babbage. 2002 93 128/1 It was not at all clear to contemporaries that Babbage's engine was worth investing in. society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > theatrical equipment or accessories > [noun] > machinery for effects > for flying > ancient Greek 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch 495 He beganne to frame a deuise as they say, to moue the people by, much after the manner they vse in tragedies, framing engines [Fr. engins] to bring some god to come downe from heauen vnto them. 1595 A. Hartwell in tr. G. T. Minadoi Ep. Ded. sig. A 3v Vnlesse God come downe as it were out of an Engine, to protect the Gospell of his Sonne Iesus Christ. 1601 Bp. W. Barlow 52 When in their Tragedies they are come to an exigent, which they cannot extricate, they haue a God in an engine, whome they turne downe with a deuice to make vp the matter. 1633 T. James 107 As if they had beene brought home in a dreame or engine. 1654 J. Trapp lxviii. 20 He appeareth as out of an Engin, and pulleth us out of Death's jaws. 1759 Earl of Cork & Orrery tr. in C. Lennox tr. P. Brumoy I. Disc. Orig. Trag. p. liv A tragedy upon the sacrifice of Isaac cannot end without an engine, that is to say, a voice issuing from heaven. the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > extinguishing fire > [noun] > fire-fighting > a substance or apparatus for extinguishing > fire-engine 1645 E. Pagitt Ep. Ded. sig. A3 Your Engins to cast the water upon the houses. 1670 Trigg in Bedloe (1679) 23 This Fire was most mischievously designed, as being in a place where no Engine could come. 1752 23 June 3/2 Yesterday Morning..a Fire happened at the Swan Alehouse..but three Engines coming immediately, it was soon got under. 1812 H. Smith & J. Smith 48 The engines thunder'd thro' the street, Fire-hook, pipe, bucket, all complete. 1861 H. Mayhew (new ed.) II. 382/1 Our fires are generally extinguished even before the heavy engine arrives at the spot. 1917 E. H. Hall (ed. 2) iii. 38 The water was conveyed to the engine by the bucket brigade and forced through a short leather hose and nozzle..upon the fire. 2007 (Nexis) 14 Sept. Offers from local fire companies..to loan engines, firefighter gear and equipment have been coming in to Schuylkill Hose Fire Company. 1813 3 (Addenda section) 5 I have lived to see boats succeed well with those engines. 1843 Sept. 383/1 The engine of a steam-boat. 1915 24 July 94/2 Its engines stopped, and it nose-dived to a level of 2,000 ft. 1928 E. Ferber (1933) 128 One of the few taxi men to whom the engine of a car was not as mysterious and unexplored as the heavenly constellations. 1954 R. H. Cochrane (ed. 2) 154 The fuel supply is independent of the air supply, so that this engine is more difficult to stall. 1978 J. McGahern 48 The engine was cold but started on the sixth or seventh swing. 2007 Mar. 31/2 Leave the engine idling for a while, to let it cool down, before switching off. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > steam engine > [noun] 1814 2nd Ser. 24 138 As the engine may have appendages to clear away any impediments in the track of its wheels..it may travel, with its train of carriages, at the rate of 7 or 8 miles an hour. 1825 Oct. 427/1 The signal being given, the engine started off with this immense train of carriages. 1867 W. T. Brande & G. W. Cox (new ed.) III. 821/1 Another form of traction engine is that known as Bray's, in which the wheels of the engine, which are very wide, rest on the ground. 1893 28 June 12/1 An engine with a single tender could therefore travel 128 miles without refuelling. 1923 Apr. 371/1 Two big steam locomotives being driven helplessly down track by one gearless electric engine. 1940 H. G. Wells iii. ii. 258 The engine was off the rails on its side in a cloud of steam. 1966 C. Siragusa & R. Wiedrich ix. 130 On a night in 1950, an engine stood chuffing quietly in the railroad yards near Naples. 1991 P. C. Newman vi. 170 The engine that pulled the train west was scrapped..but Van Horne's private car has been preserved by the Canadian Railroad Historical Association. 2008 (Nexis) 1 Aug. If you want to see a similar engine..there is a beautifully preserved one at the National Railway Museum. 1984 June 440/2 Notice the trend toward associative hardware search engines, e.g., gescan 2, a General Electric computer built specifically for searching rather than for general purposes. 1989 (U.K. ed.) May 58/1 An inference engine is a computer program which takes a knowledge base and interprets the rules therein. 1995 Nov. 60/2 SSI's Death Keep utilises an updated polygon engine which generates a markedly more impressive 3D game world. 2001 Sept. 264 (advt.) The AMD Athlon processor is among the world's most powerful engines for PC computing. 2005 Winter 14/3 With a built-in time-stretching and pitch-shifting engine..Traks might just be what you're looking for to spruce up your beats. III. Someone or something that functions or is used like an engine (branch II.). the world > the universe > [noun] ?1510 T. More tr. G. Pico della Mirandola in tr. G. F. Pico della Mirandola sig. g.iiiv In straite balance..If thou shuldest oure synne pondre..Who able were to bere thy punisshment The hole engyne of all this world..With such examination might not stande. 1530 (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 220 The cloyster of mary beryth hym that gouernyth the thre engynes..heuen, erthe, and helle. 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin (1634) i. xiv. 73 In governing of the so swift whirling about of the engine of heaven. 1654 W. Charleton i. iv. 30 If this Vacuum Disseminatum of the Aer be submoved..then must every the smallest motion, with dangerous violence run through the whole Engine of the World. 1675 T. Shadwell i. 9 If the Gods Engine of the World must be Mended by them, how did they then foresee? 1733 I. Watts (1734) ix. ii. 206 To represent the great Engine of this visible World, as moving onward in its appointed Course, without the continual interposure of His Hand. 1741 C. Povey 27 I have taken Notice how the Engine of the World runs round, sometimes Prosperity points towards the Wicked, and sometimes towards the Virtuous. 13. An agent, instrument, tool, or means. Chiefly as a figurative use of sense 5.the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means > person as 1548 f. clviijv He was noted to be the very organ, engine, and diuiser of the destruccion of Humfrey the good duke of Gloucester. 1587 T. Hughes i. i. 4 And see where com's one engine of my hate. With moods and manners fit for my reuenge. 1612 J. Webster iii. i. 41 You..were made his engine, and his stauking horse, To undo my sister. 1672 A. Marvell i. 92 That Politick Engine who..was employed..as a Missionary amongst the Nonconformists. 1713 R. Steele No. 54. 344 Sir Francis Walsingham..was one of the great Engines of State. 1767 W. Blackstone (new ed.) II. 69 Empson and Dudley, the wicked engines of Henry VII. a1811 G. Longmore ix. xlvi. 218 Dim is Fame When blood hath been the path to any sway, And man to man an engine of decay. 1850 J. Weir I. vi. 67 He feels! ay, bitterly feels for my unhappy situation, and grieves that he is the engine of my destruction. 1908 W. Campbell 50 Steel thyself To be an engine of the crushing fates. 2006 S. M. Meyer vi. 75 The person on the street remains oblivious to the fact that he or she is the engine of human selection. the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means 1589 G. Peele Tale of Troy in 19 They gree to hoyse this engine of mischaunce [sc. the Trojan Horse]. 1590 C. Marlowe v. ii. sig. E5v O dreary Engines of my loathed sight, That sees my crowne, my honor and my name, Thrust vnder yoke and thraldom of a thiefe. a1592 R. Greene (1594) sig. H3 Now farewell world the engin of all woe. 1650 Major-Gen. Harrison in H. Ellis (1824) III. 354 I thinke Faith and Praier must bee the cheife engines. 1664 H. Power i. 68 The Animal Spirits..are the chief Engine of Sight. 1763 J. Brown vii. §6. 147 The Exhibition of Plays and Shews was one of the very Engines of Corruption. 1789 J. Bentham xviii. §18 The State has two great engines, punishment and reward. 1855 W. H. Prescott I. ii. ix. 244 Never..had the press been turned into an engine of such political importance. 1871 J. S. Blackie i. 73 Logical analysis, the characteristic engine of Socrates. 1910 W. S. Churchill Let. 11 Mar. in R. S. Churchill (1969) II. Compan. ii. xiii. 992 The Vote on account is the most powerful and the most simple Parliamentary engine by which the House of Commons is assured of its influence upon the Executive Government. 2008 (Nexis) 12 Sept. 41 My own view of the prize was that it was intended to be an engine of change, not a friendly show of pleasant pictures. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > [noun] 1581 J. Marbeck 153 The engine of mans eie. 1633 ii. sig. C4 I feele within my breast a searching fire, Which doth ascend the engine of my braine. 1666 R. Boyle 5 The wise Author of Things did..contrive those curious and elaborate Engines, the bodies of living Creatures. 1712 R. Blackmore vii. 331 How to the Mind a Thought reflected goes, And how the conscious Engine knows it Knows. 1753 T. Amory vii. 131 He who continues the action and regularity of that nice engine the human body..must certainly know all the actions of the body. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Two Voices in (new ed.) II. 139 No life is found,..only to one engine bound. 1894 5 Sept. 10/5 (advt.) As if the engine of mind used up so much vital fuel that it left none for the sustenance of the hair. 1913 J. M. Baldwin II. iv. 60 To them consciousness is merely a by-product, a spark thrown off by the engine, the brain. 1953 Apr. 41/2 What ex-chairman Marriner Eccles once termed ‘an engine of inflation’ has been stowed firmly in the roundhouse. 1977 I. Woodward iv. xviii. 210 The motive power is the music; the dancers are the engine whose output comprises some of the most weird, astonishing and beautifully simple ballets ever seen. 1999 (Nexis) 1 Oct. 116 This vast pornucopia has latched on to the sexual engine that drives our species: the insatiable desire for fresh features. the world > life > the body > sex organs > male sex organs > [noun] > penis 1634 T. Herbert 41 At the marriage of a Virgin, the Bridegroome,..brings her afore the Pagode, or Idoll; who commonly is of a tall stature, and shaped vgly, in his priuy parts he has a bodkin of gold or siluer, an intended Instrument, to violate her chastitie. Which, they suppose obtained, by the Pagotha, such time, as she is forcably put vnto his Engine. 1708 E. Ward 49 A woman's craving Lust.., too fiery to be quench'd by the dilatory Emissions of one Single Engine. 1762 in ‘Pisanus Fraxi’ (1885) III. 273 Experienced engineer..with a tremendous engine. 1886 R. Burton tr. (1963) i. 92 Then Bahloul inserted his member into the vagina of the Sultan's daughter, and she, settling down upon his engine, allowed it to penetrate entirely into her furnace. c1890 V. xvi. 330 I lodged my prick, but without pushing or pressing too much on her, then gathered her little bum in my hands, sunk on to her belly and thrust. Stiffer than horn was my engine. 1980 E. Jong i. iv As for their Masculine Engines, 'twas hard to tell beneath their long Coats. Compounds C1. (In branch II.). a. General attributive. 1837 D. L. Farnam 2/1 When a suction pipe is not used, the lower valves admit the water from the engine box into the chamber. 1910 17 Sept. 6/5 A tube connected with the engine burst, causing the draught to force the flames into the engine box. 1994 H. Chappell 60 He merely cursed, slamming the lid back down on the engine box. 1844 27 It [sc. water coming through a decayed plate] is most likely to happen..in the engine compartment of an iron steamer in bad weather. 1935 C. G. Burge 306/2 The main precaution against fire is the inclusion of a fireproof bulkhead between the engine compartment and the rest of the aeroplane. 2007 M. Bobbitt iv. 63 (caption) Panel Van interior showing tailgate, spare wheel located in a well above the engine compartment, and walkthrough cab. 1916 F. S. Barnwell 48 The CGs of the other items, tanks with petrol and oil, engine, engine mounting, engine cowling, seats, [etc.], are easy to fix accurately. 1950 6 Jan. 1/1 On public service motor vehicles..care is taken with the fitting of engine cowlings. 2004 H. Strachan xii. 136 Her engine cowling I've had off to a panelbeater to get it absolutely smooth, without the smallest dent. 1881 J. S. Trevor iii. 203 (heading) Locomotive Department. Engine failures, and nature and causes thereof. 1930 399 In case of distress, due to engine failure over the sea, the word ‘Mayday’..will summon immediately all possible help. 1991 Mar. 113/2 After an engine failure, the captain failed to monitor properly the flight instruments and he sent the plane plummeting 31,500 feet. 1849 F. B. Head iii. 43 The reeking engine-funnel of an up-train is seen darting out of the tunnel. 1911 5 Apr. 15/2 The engine funnel was turned towards Paddington, so that in backing the trucks he would be pushing ahead. 1997 70 236/2 Materials such as for the engine funnel, the cover, the base and the engine cabin can be recycled. 1821 3 487/2 An explosion of Gas took place..owing to the siping pipe, which had got dry, suffering the gas to communicate with the fire of the engine furnace. 1884 May 872/2 The sawdust and refuse, beyond what the engine furnaces can make away with, are burned. 1992 (Nexis) 19 Jan. 101 Passengers will be able to view the engine furnace and steam train society members will answer questions. 1798 47 Fenno John, engine hose and leather bucket maker, Orange street. 1838 12 373 A small engine-hose..coiled up like a huge snake on the deck. 1932 24 May 10/4 Every morning a fresh spot on the fore deck would show heat and a nozzle of the engine hose would be thrust down. 2008 (Nexis) 11 Feb. 3 a A truck engine at the Kilimanjaro Safari ride caught on fire when an engine hose failed. 1907 27 June 423/1 The system of engine mounting (on machined, steel seatings) adopted by the makers on all traction engines and tractors made by them is a good one. 1938 Jan. 5/2 (advt.) Find out about its airplane-type shock-absorbers,..its Hypoid rear axle, its improved Floating Power engine mountings! 2002 1 May i. 17/3 Her car returned from the garage after a repair by one of these weekend space cadets with engine mountings missing and various strategic nuts not tightened. 1853 19 Nov. 57/1 How wretched I should be if I was shut up from the sky, and only heard the engine noise instead of the birds. 1903 1 Feb. 38/1 Mechanical inlet valves are also supposed to assist in suppressing engine noise. 2005 J. MacGregor i. 30 Pretty soon the woody piedmont was full of hot-rodded brown-bag sedans and V-8 engine noise. 1841 24 July 5/5 (advt.) Patent engine oil for machinery. 1913 W. B. Meloney xxix. 264 Two barrels of engine oil were lashed to the heel of the bowsprit. 2002 Feb. 32/1 Oil grade (or weight) is probably the most important factor in choosing an engine oil. 1756 (Royal Soc.) 49 399 The roof of it was so violently shook, that he imagined nothing less than the engine shaft was run in. 1882 Sept. 197/3 When it is desired to move one of these engines, the drum and engine shafts are removed. 1933 10 Feb. 11/3 The engine shaft is connected directly to the propellor shaft and the car speeds up in direct proportion with the speed of the engine. 1995 G. Tweedale Prol. 15 Alloy steels became extensively used in the inter-war period in engine shafts, turbines and compressor discs. 1892 53 They estimate that possibly one-third of these rebates are attributed to circuit trouble; the balance to defective lamps, dynamo and engine trouble. 1909 26 Oct. 2/1 The only other serious difficulty [with the Wright biplane] seems to be what is known, generically, as ‘engine trouble’. 1932 ‘N. Shute’ ix. 195 Gordon lifted the bonnet as if with engine trouble. 2005 May 56/3 Many loaders have transmission and engine trouble at this stage. b. Objective. 1851 C. Atherton p. xi The general practice which has hitherto regulated steam shipping management in the matter of engine construction. 1943 3 Dec. 487/2 Advances in engine construction will make for better efficiency in the utilization of fuels and lubricants. 2008 (Nexis) 1 Jan. 1 High-technology industries which are difficult to replicate, such as engine construction at Rolls-Royce. 1709 (Public Gen. Acts) 171 Thirty shillings to the first Engine-Keeper which brings in a Parish-Engine to help to Extinguish any Fire. 1827 J. Farey vi. 528 This was thought an inconvenience by the engine-keepers. 1962 8 Mar. 19/5 New officers of the fire department were elected Wednesday night... Lawrence ‘Mike’ Hoover, engine keeper. 2000 (Nexis) 23 Oct. His older brother and sister had been engine keepers down the mines by the time they were 12 but this was not for Alexander. 1591 R. Percyvall Dict. at Enginero An engine maker, machinarius. 1617 J. Vicars tr. F. Herring ii. sig. M 4 That cunning Caruer, expert engin-maker: Whose workemanship pleas'd Phallaris so well, That of his mischiefe he was first partaker. 1793 J. Nancarrow Let. 9 Feb. in T. Jefferson (1992) XXV. 164 I called on Richd. Mason..one of our best Engine-makers. 1839 R. S. Robinson 150 The power of an engine..is estimated differently by different engine makers. 1920 T. M. Knappen x. 92 The engine makers would have been less confident of early results..if they had previously been making delicate and precise flight motors. 2003 Oct. 95/3 Deering already owned an engine maker at Milwaukee and its products were used to power experimental tractors. 1799 Jan. 80/1 Collins and Co. engine-manufacturers at Lambeth. 1841 T. Wicksteed 30 An engine manufacturer makes an engine, and, according to the diameter of the cylinder, he calls it a certain number of horses' power. 1913 5 Mar. 23/5 The greater ultimate benefit of both the power user and of the engine manufacturer. 2009 June 84/2 Engine manufacturers have to demonstrate that their designs will continue to produce climb thrust even after being hit by a group of them [sc. birds]. C2. 1647 L. Haward 21 Engine Artificer: Fee per diem 4d. 1893 9 Dec. 710/1 Next comes the boiler compartment, then the engine-room, and a cabin compartment for the engine artificers. 1942 14 June 3 (caption) Chief Engine Artificer Harry Howard, Royal Navy. 2004 L. Gray 377 More than 150 trades were taught, including artillery artificer, carpenter, electrician, motor-vehicle fitter, engine artificer, and instrument and wireless technicians. 1839 19 Oct. 3/2 The beams of the main deck and engine-bearers. 1971 6 May 1086/3 It is no fun to be standing on a strut some thousands of feet over the sea trying to swing a propeller with one hand while holding on to an engine bearer with the other. 1991 Jan. 124/3 Hull stiffness is aided by a moulded-in GRP floor tray—which incorporates the engine bearers. 1835 F. W. Thomas I. xiv. 238 The noise of the engine bells and wheels was heard in the lane, as the hose-men ran to and fro, unreeling the hose. 1840 R. C. Rawlins Jrnl. 8 Mar. in J. L. Tearle (2002) vii. 94 I had heard the engine bell for the starboard side violently pulled by the pilot. 1844 9 Nov. Not the slightest blame can be attached to the engine driver, who had only a minute or two before the accident happened, rung the engine bell at a previous crossing. 1913 E. Peixotto 118 Early next morning the clang of the engine bell and the clank of the mooring-chains told us we had anchored. 2001 (Nexis) 7 Dec. a29 Children climbed in and out of locomotives, passenger cars and cabooses. The clang of engine bells filled the air. 1865 30 Sept. 1/8 The collection embraces the common regular fire brick, and many others of divers shapes, for building arches and irregular forms; and also cupola pipes, locomotive engine blocks, mufflers, [etc.]. 1916 Feb. 63/1 Place the engine block in an upright position, with the crank shaft uppermost, as it is much easier to fit the bearings with a piston out of its cylinder. 1921 W. H. Jeffery iii. 98 The engine is mounted on the engine block and the belt pulley is lined up with the band wheel. 2003 H. S. Thompson iii. 217 The radio goes first, then the jack and the wheels and all the engine parts, and finally the engine block itself, which makes a fine dead-head anchor for an offshore fishing boat. 1994 6 Mar. (Sunday Plus section) 3/6 They may pay..$800 for a super monotronic engine chip (the computer chip which drives the engine). 2008 (Nexis) 22 June (Features section) 27 I recently re-mapped the engine chip in my VW Passat 2·0 TDI (140bhp) with great success. society > travel > rail travel > railway worker > [noun] > train-staff > engine-driver 1809 Oct. 259/1 A rendezvous should..be appointed in the most public street for each district, where the engine-driver is then ordered to drive to. 1836 D. Lardner (ed. 5) xiv. 366 Through the negligence of engine drivers, they [sc. curves] must always be attended with danger. 1908 ix. 67 Two steam fire-engine companies, each consisting of the following employees: One foreman.., one engineer, one stoker, one engine driver, one hose driver, and three hosemen. 1930 23 Apr. 8/3 Walking quickly towards the head of the train, he finds the engine-driver sitting on the platform calmly smoking a cigarette. 1971 L. Beckwith (1973) x. 116 As the train steamed in we waved to the engine driver and fireman while we peered to catch a glimpse of the savage flames in the engine fire-box. 2002 (National ed.) 11 Sept. a18/5 Like many engine drivers..Firefighter Jack Butler..was the only member of his unit to survive because he was on the rig outside the towers. 1916 16 Mar. 23/2 It [sc. the engine] seems to leak between the mixing chamber and engine head. 1936 J. Thurber (2002) 225 I took the car to Bob's favorite garage man who worked on it all Monday and Monday night till 10 changing an engine head, finally discovering the whole block was cracked. 2000 K. Reichs xiv. 114 It's easy to identify the era of production by the design of the engine head. society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > types of building generally > [noun] > other types of building 1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis 42 in Wee haue also Engine-Houses, wher are prepared Engines and Instruments for all Sorts of Motions. 1702 21 Feb. 2/2 (advt.) There is a small Engine, that Raises Water..now set up at the Engine-House..in Dorset Garden, which will Work every Saturday and Wednesday. 1825 W. Hone (1826) I. 1217 An engine-house, belonging to the Hope Fire Assurance company. 1840 F. Whishaw 4 The carriage-house and engine-house. 1937 12 Jan. 11/8 The fire preventionalist met with the members of the New London department at the engine house last night. 1998 19 June 36/4 The resultant network of ruined stacks and engine houses are a familiar sight. 1992 17 July 2/1 The company is insisting that owners of 45 ‘hot hatchback’ models..are so likely to be stolen that owners must pay an average of £360 to fit a Vecta engine immobiliser. 2004 G. R. Newman in M. G. Maxfield & R. V. Clarke 248 Three in ten vehicles nationwide were protected by an engine immobilizer. 1782 R. Greene 48 A Representation of a Stag in wood, turned in an Engine Lathe. 1873 W. S. Tyler xxviii. 619 An engine lathe, turned by the foot. 1910 12 Oct. 15/3 The tool equipment includes a 23in. engine lathe, a 16in. shaper..and an emery wheel. 2007 47 1962/1 Sliding burnishing was done with an engine lathe making use of synthetic, polycrystalline carbonado diamond tools. 1676 T. Shadwell v. 81 He that invented the Engine-Loom. 1831 10 Nov. 3/3 Mr. Beck..has lately applied steam power to the engine-loom. 1998 D. Simonton 142 A contrast in silk-weaving existed between women in Coventry who worked on, and sometimes owned their own, engine looms, and those in the countryside. 1743 J. Wood 16 This Engine-Pump is a Machine of a very simple nature. 1838 C. Dickens III. xlvi. 212 The clanking of the engine-pumps. 1986 18 12/1 None of the equipment that I know has the provisions for throttling either the engine-pump or the flow. 1873 30 Dec. The cylinder is seven-eights of an inch in inside diameter..the engine rating one-twelfth of one horse power. 1940 R. Burlingame 426 Today there is in transport planes an engine rating of 125 to 160 horsepower per passenger as opposed to one of about 50 per passenger in 1920. 2007 (Nexis) 26 Apr. LDV unveiled its new chassis cab range, and a new engine rating at 135hp. 1839 T. Roscoe 72 It is an important station, and contains an engine shed. 1955 M. A. Michael tr. H. Martinson iii. vi. 192 He had places where he slept in smelting- and steel-works, in brick-yards and engine-sheds. 2008 (Nexis) 29 Mar. (Mag.) 6 The old engine sheds, the water towers and the signal boxes are all fast disappearing now. 1809 J. Dickinson Specif. Patent in 14 84 The paper should be ‘engine sized’ with alum only, in the proportion of about ten pounds to one hundred and twelve pounds of stuff. 1952 6 Feb. 5/7 A good quality paper which has only been ‘engine sized’. 1993 G. L. Robertson vi. 161 Glazed imitation parchment..is made from strong sulfite pulp, which is heavily engine-sized and glazed. 1880 J. Dunbar 29 Engine-sized papers. 1997 W. G. Roy viii. 244 The introduction of ‘engine-sized’ mass-produced writing paper during the 1893 depression ended the unanimity of interest. 1824 20 Mar. 30/2 There are two methods of sizing paper; one is called..engine sizing. 1898 20 May 6/5 Discolouration of ordinary cellulose papers..is proportional to..the conditions employed for fixing it in the ordinary process of engine sizing. 1954 J. Southward (ed. 7) II. xlii. 443 Engine sizing—a soap consisting of resin and alum, colouring matter, [etc.]. 2000 S. Jennings iii. 174/2 When size is added at the pulp stage, it is contained within the body of the paper. This is known as internal or ‘engine’ sizing. 1844 16 Mar. 191/2 The Thanet, however, increased the engine speed to 46 turns, when she certainly slightly left the Magician. 1919 L. H. Morrison viii. 116 The camshaft is driven by a set of spur gears from the crankshaft at the after end and runs at half the engine speed. 1998 Aug. 38/1 The engine speed is low, meaning motorway cruising is relaxed and fuel consumption at a steady 70mph was good. c1450 (1900) 267 Vyolence of a gunne or of an engyne-ston is qwenchyd, whan softe erth or softe thyng is sett þer-ȝens. 1906 C. M. Doughty IV. xvi. 203 An hurled huge engine-stone brast all his chest. 1851 C. Atherton §vii. 49 The extreme rapidity of engine stroke required..is a severe test which but a few engines can permanently endure. 1864 13 June 2/4 The length of the engine stroke is 4ft. 6in., which is also the diameter of the cylinder. 1904 3 30 In ships..it is the elastic deformations which are particularly important..if the period of the natural vibration of the ship comes near the period of the engine stroke. 2006 (Nexis) 18 Aug. e17 By adding three-eighths of an inch to the engine stroke, Harley's Twin Cam 96 allows for a bike to go from 80 kilometres an hour to 120 km/h in just over three seconds. a1819 J. Watt in J. Robison (1822) II. 156 These instruments are of great use..in shewing the superintendent the state of the engine; but slovenly engine-tenders are but too apt to put them out of order. 1829 13 Oct. It..[drew] after it three times its own weight, including the engine tender, fuel, and water. 1918 T. Dreiser (1923) 189 He slipped in between the engine tender and the front baggage car. 2007 (Nexis) 1 Sept. (Weekend Suppl.) 10 He worked his way from a shed man to engine tender. 1832 8 Sept. George Anderson, late engine tenter, to Messrs. Bolling, at their mill..was convicted..for having taken water from the water-works company without their consent. 1870 22 Apr. Intimation was given to the engine-tenter that they wished to be lowered down. 1936 36 318 B. H., aged 61. Cotton-mule spinner 4 years, railway stoker 14 years, engine tenter 5 years. 2004 (Nexis) 23 Jan. In the old days, you could generally find an old engine tenter who could help you out of a tight corner, but as they died off there was only Newton left. 1765 J. Wedgwood Let. 6 July in (1965) 35 I intend sending two setts of Vases, Creamcolour, engine-turned. 1858 O. W. Holmes i. 23 Your self-made man..deserves more credit..than the..engine-turned article. 1927 19 Dec. 9/6 Engine-turned cigarette cases in gold are in basket and barley patterns in useful sizes and shapes. 2007 Jan. 38/2 These motifs are set against an engine-turned background resembling the texture of banknotes. 1769 J. Wedgwood Let. 19 Nov. in (1965) 84 We have not one Engine Turner left Here now. 1851 G. Dodd in C. Knight III. lix. 142 The ‘engine-turner’..engraves those curious devices which ornament the cases of some watches. 1909 7 Jan. 5/2 The engine-turner who used the wonderful ‘rose engine’ to engrave the background. 2007 (Nexis) 27 Mar. d4 He was an engine turner for Anson, Inc. before retiring. 1764 J. Wedgwood Let. 28 May in (1965) 27 I..have sent you a semple of one hobby horse (Engine turning). 1884 F. J. Britten (new ed.) 102 Engine Turning,..the wavy circular curves cut into the outside of watch cases for decoration. 1938 33 176/1 It is painted with exotic birds and flower sprays in rich colors on a coppery gold ground with simulated engine-turning. 2008 (Nexis) 7 Mar. (Features section) 8 He intends to pursue new technical initiatives..which will involve examining past techniques such as engine turning and rouletting. a1719 E. Barlow Desription of Engine ii, in (1722) ii. 227 A Method much different from our Progressive Conduct, whose Engine-Wheel is light, and equiponderous on all Sides. 1857 S. Smiles xxi. 276 It had been proved to be impossible to make a locomotive engine go at ten miles an hour; but if it ever was done, he would eat a stewed engine-wheel to his breakfast! 1947 J. K. Erskine xli. 395 The picturesque headgear fell in front of the engine wheels; he made an impulsive dash to save it, and was struck. 2003 (Nexis) 5 May Railway authorities brought in welders to remove the metal parts, which were entangled in the engine wheel. 1870 7 June 1/5 Mr. John Lyons, employed in the engine house at Hornsville, as engine wiper. 1915 W. Cather i. xii. 83 An engine wiper can get a job, but a piano player! 2004 (Nexis) 1 Jan. 31 One, N. R. Crump, whom we named one of the railroad's business cars after, started as an engine wiper in Revelstoke. 1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil v. sig. N.iii But he, as one, that with some engyn worck doth siege a town, Or tour of castle strong, and long therat is beating down..and faylyth yet to breake the wall. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus xix. iv. 127 They would not lend their helping hand to any man in engine-worke. 1729 S. Switzer II. 351 I know in Engine-Work..every particular Artist has his friends and Favourites. 1869 C. Knight 111 Scriber-blocks are principally used to mark straight lines upon engine-work of all classes. 1953 1 Sept. 10/5 If the engines are as successful as we expect, there is bound to be a great increase in the level of our engine work. 2004 Z. Unger ii. 26 Truck work tends to require more heavy lifting and is statistically more dangerous than engine work. 1798 17 Apr. 243/3 Wanted... an Engine Wright or experienced Engineman to take charge of a Steam Engine. 1862 S. Smiles III. 55 George Stephenson was, in 1812, appointed engine-wright of the colliery. 1935 J. S. Lee xv. 105 I got a position as engine-wright for a new coal-mining concern in the Island of Sumatra. 1993 C. Baylies vii. 199 It was concluded that the engine-wright had not exercised proper care and he was therefore discharged. C3. 1962 2 It is essential that the engine-out condition be made as safe as possible for the particular aircraft involved. 1986 July 66/1 Four twins crashed due to engine failure..one pilot lost control on an engine-out approach. 2008 (Nexis) 10 July a14 Wow, an aging twin-engine aircraft had an engine-out experience. And what happened? It landed safely. Derivatives 1616 T. Scot sig. B4v Then Art with rule and line, these vselesse payer Frames (engine-like) a straight clowd climing stayer To mount Fames house. 1674 N. Fairfax 136 A sort of mechanical or engine-like twitchings. 1769 A. Machay II. xi. 206 The demons compacted in a body, more incessantly to work, engine like, the intended destructions. 1874 H. C. Fish (rev. ed.) xxxi. 424 His mind was engine-like in its workings. 2003 (Nexis) 13 Feb. g3 This gives us honeybees that communicate using the natural sound of wing beats, an enginelike sound. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). enginev. Origin: A borrowing from French. Perhaps also partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: French enginnier ; engine n. Etymology: Originally (in senses 1 and 2) < Anglo-Norman and Old French enginnier, Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French engignier, Anglo-Norman and Middle French enginer, engigner (French engeigner ; now rare) to deceive, beguile (c1100 in Old French), to devise, construct (first half of the 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman), to understand, to work out (c1180 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to plot, contrive (mid 13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman) < post-classical Latin ingeniare ingeniate v. In later use either influenced by or independently < engine n. Compare Old Occitan engenhar , enginhar , Catalan enginyar (a1405), Spanish ingeniar (late 15th cent. as engeñar ), Portuguese engenhar (14th cent.), Italian ingegnare (13th cent.; now chiefly in reflexive use), all in senses ‘to deceive, beguile’, ‘to devise, contrive, design’. Compare engineer v.In Middle English and early modern English with stress on the second syllable and rhyming with line, pine, etc. the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > snare, trap, entanglement > entrap, ensnare [verb (transitive)] c1300 (Laud Misc. 108) (1889) 41 (MED) Ho may more trayson do, Or is loverd betere engine, Þan he þat al is trist is to. 1340 (1866) 122 Alle þo..þet habbeþ..þe herten engined ine þe dyevles nette. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) i. l. 878 (MED) A softe bedd..Wher sche was afterward engined. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) i. l. 1101 With fair beheste and yiftes grete Of gold, that thei hem have engined. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich (1904) I. l. 232 (MED) So was there a bacheler Jn the town..these thre faire maidenis forto engyne. c1460 (?c1400) l. 1501 His tung he gan to whet, Sotilly to engyne hym. the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > invention, devising > invent, devise [verb (transitive)] c1400 (c1378) W. Langland (Laud 581) (1869) B. xviii. l. 250 (MED) For gygas þe geaunt with a gynne engyned To breke & to bete doune þat ben aȝeines ihesus. a1425 (Stonyhurst) f. 39 Machinor, enginen & make walles. 1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville (Caxton) (1859) ii. li. 54 The synne that thou hast done was..not by very malyce engyned of withynne. ?1577 F. T. sig. Avi With golden lace ful craftely engined. 1609 Bp. W. Barlow 198 The most horrible designe..that euer was engined. 1611 J. Florio Aggegnare, to frame..to engine together. †3. society > authority > punishment > torture > [verb (transitive)] > on the rack c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 240 Ministres of that town..the hostiler sore engyned. 1433 Petition in (1767–77) IV. 475/2 The Lord of Mountaffilond..ther improsoned the same servant, and ingyned him so that he was in poynt of Deth. a1770 T. Chatterton (1971) I. 194 Engyne mee notte wyth syke a drierie woe. society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > use of siege weapons > assault with engines [verb (transitive)] 1616 T. Adams 23 We feare not..profest enemies to engine and batter our walls. 1820 J. Keats Hyperion: a Fragm. ii, in 176 Tell me..How we can war, how engine our great wrath. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > steam engine > fit with steam engines [verb (transitive)] 1841 J. S. Russell 255 Three sister ships of a large class, built by Mr Wood, and engined by Mr Napier on the Clyde. 1872 5 Sept. Build the largest ironclad ships, engine them. 1919 Mar. 317/2 Planes engined for this speed can be built at a much lower cost. 1963 49 200 In three of the vessels..all engined by John Elder, it was of the older and well-tried type using a single high-pressure cylinder. 2000 (Nexis) 10 June 40 Another Scottish exhibit is the bell of the TSS Dinard, built and engined by Denny of Dumbarton in 1924. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.?a1300 v.c1300 |
