英语词汇“elastic collision”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

a. Of material substances, whether solid, liquid, or gaseous: That spontaneously resumes (after a longer or shorter interval) its normal bulk or shape after having been contracted, dilated, or distorted by external force. (In this sense elastical adj. appears to be somewhat older.) Also of motions, forces, etc.: Characteristic of an elastic body. Also elastic collision (German elastisch used in this sense, e.g. by Franck and Hertz 1913, in Verh. d. Deut. Physik. Ges. XV), a collision between two particles in which the total kinetic energy is conserved; elastic constant, a constant that expresses the reaction of a material to stress; elastic fluids: still often used specifically for gases (cf. A. 2), though liquids are now known to be perfectly elastic according to the modern definition; elastic hysteresis = hysteresis n.; elastic limit: (see quot. 1864); elastic modulus = modulus of elasticity n.; elastic scattering, the scattering of particles without loss of kinetic energy; elastic strain, a temporary deformation of a material under strain; elastic wave, a wave consisting of elastic deformations propagated through a medium. ‘Elasticity of shape’ belongs to solids only; ‘elasticity of bulk’ to bodies of all kinds. In the case of gases the ‘normal bulk’ to which they tend is indefinitely great. The strict modern use as applied to solids dates from James Bernouilli's memoir of 1694; respecting the earlier instances see note to sense A. 2.

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the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > pliableness > [adjective] > elastic

softc1330

elastical1660

springy1660

elastic1674

resilient1674

resiliating1709

the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > action of dispersing particles > [noun] > elastic scattering

resonance scattering1922

Rutherford scattering1922

elastic scattering1933

potential scattering1937

resonant scattering1948

1674 W. Petty Disc. before Royal Soc. 3 An Appendix, to what is said of Springs and other Elastique bodies.

1693 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. vii. 12 The Air is now certainly known to consist of elastick or springy Particles.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth II. 162 Every body that strikes against another produces a sound..simple, and but one in bodies which are not elastic.

1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. v. 117 At once he bent Against Tydides his elastic bow.

1794 J. G. Schmeisser Syst. Mineral. I. 290 Elastic Bitumen..is of a brown color, has no lustre, and is very elastic.

1796 S. Vince Princ. Hydrostat. Def. 2 An elastic fluid is one, whose dimensions are diminished by increasing the pressure.

1848 R. Mallet in Trans. Royal Irish Acad. 21 97 The determination of the time of transit of the elastic wave through the earth's crust.

1850 R. W. Emerson Montaigne in Representative Men iv. 160 We want some coat woven of elastic steel.

1864 Q. Jrnl. Sc. 1 63 The elastic limit, that is the extent to which their particles may be relatively displaced without fracture or other permanent alteration.

1870 J. D. Everett Deschanel's Elem. Treat. Nat. Philos. I. iii. 22 The name of elastic fluids is often given to gases.

1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. I. i. 11 The atoms recoil, in virtue of the elastic force.

1872 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries Abyssinia (new ed.) xi. 197 The elastic boughs sprang back with dangerous force.

1886 J. Milne Earthquakes iii. 44 An earthquake consists of elastic waves of compression and distortion.

1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. Elastic hysteresis, an effect, analogous to magnetic hysteresis in iron, observed in the relation of strain to stress when the stress to which an elastic body is subjected is alternately increased and diminished.

1913 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 88 299 We shall suppose for the sake of generality that the collision of ion and molecule is not perfectly elastic, an assumption which allows roughly for a possible loss of energy on collision.

1925 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 111 589 Ultimately the whole question of the tensile strength of metals and of the elastic limit resolves itself into an investigation of variation with temperature.

1927 H. N. Russell et al. Astron. II. xvii. 551 After colliding with the far more massive atom the electron may be found moving at the same speed as before; such a collision is called elastic.

1930 Engineering 14 Feb. 231/3 This must not be so high as to cause heating of the piece by elastic hysteresis.

1930 A. W. Judge Engineering Materials III. i. 12 It will be seen, then, that the elastic strains occurring in engineering work are very small indeed.

1930 E. Rutherford et al. Radiations from Radioactive Substances v. 134 The difficulties..may be illustrated by the distinction made to-day between an ‘elastic’, and ‘non-elastic’ collision of an electron with an atom.

1931 Discovery Apr. 123/1 Elastic waves travel through different rocks at different velocities.

1933 Physical Rev. 43 112 (heading) Elastic scattering of electrons by mercury atoms.

1936 P. F. Foster Mech. Testing of Metals & Alloys i. 2 If, after the application and removal of the load, the strain disappears completely, the material is said to be perfectly elastic and the strain is then referred to as elastic strain.

1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 284/1 Elastic modulus.

1941 in M. Gowing Brit. & Atomic Energy 1939–45 (1964) App. II. 403 The diffraction effect (elastic scattering) is confined mainly to small angles.

1948 Sci. News 7 14 For rubber, firmness therefore depends on the nearly constant ratio of pressure to amount of deformation, which is called an ‘elastic modulus’.

1950 Engineering CLXX. 97/2 The links..will break before the elastic limit of..the guide apparatus is reached.

1955 H. B. G. Casimir in W. Pauli Niels Bohr & Devel. Physics 122 The elastic constants in the superconducting state are not appreciably different from those in the normal state.

1955 Gloss. Terms Radiol. (B.S.I.) 14 Elastic scattering, in which the scattered radiation has the same quantum energy as the incident radiation.

1958 W. K. Mansfield Elem. Nucl. Physics iv. 30 When the neutrons are deflected the collisions are called elastic, since the kinetic energy is conserved and the collisions can be treated by the normal dynamics of billiard ball collisions.

1966 New Scientist 5 May 296/3 An electromagnetic interaction between the electron and the nucleus can cause the electron to veer off in its path at some angle while the interacting nucleus recoils in a different direction. This phenomenon is called ‘elastic scattering’.

单词	elastic collision
释义	> as lemmas elastic collision a. Of material substances, whether solid, liquid, or gaseous: That spontaneously resumes (after a longer or shorter interval) its normal bulk or shape after having been contracted, dilated, or distorted by external force. (In this sense elastical adj. appears to be somewhat older.) Also of motions, forces, etc.: Characteristic of an elastic body. Also elastic collision (German elastisch used in this sense, e.g. by Franck and Hertz 1913, in Verh. d. Deut. Physik. Ges. XV), a collision between two particles in which the total kinetic energy is conserved; elastic constant, a constant that expresses the reaction of a material to stress; elastic fluids: still often used specifically for gases (cf. A. 2), though liquids are now known to be perfectly elastic according to the modern definition; elastic hysteresis = hysteresis n.; elastic limit: (see quot. 1864); elastic modulus = modulus of elasticity n.; elastic scattering, the scattering of particles without loss of kinetic energy; elastic strain, a temporary deformation of a material under strain; elastic wave, a wave consisting of elastic deformations propagated through a medium. ‘Elasticity of shape’ belongs to solids only; ‘elasticity of bulk’ to bodies of all kinds. In the case of gases the ‘normal bulk’ to which they tend is indefinitely great. The strict modern use as applied to solids dates from James Bernouilli's memoir of 1694; respecting the earlier instances see note to sense A. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > pliableness > [adjective] > elastic softc1330 elastical1660 springy1660 elastic1674 resilient1674 resiliating1709 the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > action of dispersing particles > [noun] > elastic scattering resonance scattering1922 Rutherford scattering1922 elastic scattering1933 potential scattering1937 resonant scattering1948 1674 W. Petty Disc. before Royal Soc. 3 An Appendix, to what is said of Springs and other Elastique bodies. 1693 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. vii. 12 The Air is now certainly known to consist of elastick or springy Particles. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth II. 162 Every body that strikes against another produces a sound..simple, and but one in bodies which are not elastic. 1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. v. 117 At once he bent Against Tydides his elastic bow. 1794 J. G. Schmeisser Syst. Mineral. I. 290 Elastic Bitumen..is of a brown color, has no lustre, and is very elastic. 1796 S. Vince Princ. Hydrostat. Def. 2 An elastic fluid is one, whose dimensions are diminished by increasing the pressure. 1848 R. Mallet in Trans. Royal Irish Acad. 21 97 The determination of the time of transit of the elastic wave through the earth's crust. 1850 R. W. Emerson Montaigne in Representative Men iv. 160 We want some coat woven of elastic steel. 1864 Q. Jrnl. Sc. 1 63 The elastic limit, that is the extent to which their particles may be relatively displaced without fracture or other permanent alteration. 1870 J. D. Everett Deschanel's Elem. Treat. Nat. Philos. I. iii. 22 The name of elastic fluids is often given to gases. 1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. I. i. 11 The atoms recoil, in virtue of the elastic force. 1872 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries Abyssinia (new ed.) xi. 197 The elastic boughs sprang back with dangerous force. 1886 J. Milne Earthquakes iii. 44 An earthquake consists of elastic waves of compression and distortion. 1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. Elastic hysteresis, an effect, analogous to magnetic hysteresis in iron, observed in the relation of strain to stress when the stress to which an elastic body is subjected is alternately increased and diminished. 1913 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 88 299 We shall suppose for the sake of generality that the collision of ion and molecule is not perfectly elastic, an assumption which allows roughly for a possible loss of energy on collision. 1925 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 111 589 Ultimately the whole question of the tensile strength of metals and of the elastic limit resolves itself into an investigation of variation with temperature. 1927 H. N. Russell et al. Astron. II. xvii. 551 After colliding with the far more massive atom the electron may be found moving at the same speed as before; such a collision is called elastic. 1930 Engineering 14 Feb. 231/3 This must not be so high as to cause heating of the piece by elastic hysteresis. 1930 A. W. Judge Engineering Materials III. i. 12 It will be seen, then, that the elastic strains occurring in engineering work are very small indeed. 1930 E. Rutherford et al. Radiations from Radioactive Substances v. 134 The difficulties..may be illustrated by the distinction made to-day between an ‘elastic’, and ‘non-elastic’ collision of an electron with an atom. 1931 Discovery Apr. 123/1 Elastic waves travel through different rocks at different velocities. 1933 Physical Rev. 43 112 (heading) Elastic scattering of electrons by mercury atoms. 1936 P. F. Foster Mech. Testing of Metals & Alloys i. 2 If, after the application and removal of the load, the strain disappears completely, the material is said to be perfectly elastic and the strain is then referred to as elastic strain. 1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 284/1 Elastic modulus. 1941 in M. Gowing Brit. & Atomic Energy 1939–45 (1964) App. II. 403 The diffraction effect (elastic scattering) is confined mainly to small angles. 1948 Sci. News 7 14 For rubber, firmness therefore depends on the nearly constant ratio of pressure to amount of deformation, which is called an ‘elastic modulus’. 1950 Engineering CLXX. 97/2 The links..will break before the elastic limit of..the guide apparatus is reached. 1955 H. B. G. Casimir in W. Pauli Niels Bohr & Devel. Physics 122 The elastic constants in the superconducting state are not appreciably different from those in the normal state. 1955 Gloss. Terms Radiol. (B.S.I.) 14 Elastic scattering, in which the scattered radiation has the same quantum energy as the incident radiation. 1958 W. K. Mansfield Elem. Nucl. Physics iv. 30 When the neutrons are deflected the collisions are called elastic, since the kinetic energy is conserved and the collisions can be treated by the normal dynamics of billiard ball collisions. 1966 New Scientist 5 May 296/3 An electromagnetic interaction between the electron and the nucleus can cause the electron to veer off in its path at some angle while the interacting nucleus recoils in a different direction. This phenomenon is called ‘elastic scattering’. extracted from elasticadj.n. < as lemmas
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