单词 | economist |
释义 | economistn. 1. A person who manages a household (frequently with modifying word); a housekeeper. Cf. home economist n. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > manager or administrator > of a household economist1586 economic1593 1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. iii. x. 106 A prudent man..may first become a good Oeconomist [Fr. Oeconome], that is, a gouernor and father of a familie. 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ ii. xvii. 34 Mr. Penry..will prove a great Husband, and a good Oeconomist. 1670 J. Davies in tr. F. de la Rochefoucauld Epictetus Junior Ded. sig. A5 The Oeconomist, regulating his private and domestick Concerns. 1765 J. Wilkes Corr. (1805) II. 219 I am got into lodgings of my own, and will endeavour to be as good an œconomist as my villainous nature will let me. 1800 M. Edgeworth Castle Rackrent (1886) 17 She was as good a wife and great economist as you could see. 1857 J. Ruskin Polit. Econ. Art i. 11 The perfect economist, or mistress of a household. 1903 Perry (Iowa) Daily Chief 4 Dec. She was a good economist, managing her household affairs with discretion. 1940 H. Spring Fame is Spur 90 The lady of the house was able to assure her husband and her friends that she was a good economist. 2. a. More generally: a person who manages resources, esp. sparingly or effectively. Frequently with of and qualifying word. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > manager or administrator > of money or affairs husband?1506 economist1604 manager1670 contriver1766 1604 E. Hake Of Golds Kingdome 4 Anhaldine..(being wise & a good Oeconomist) required those woods to be restored vnto her. 1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. xv. 96 No wicked man is a good Oeconomist, since only a wise man knoweth from whence, how, and how far gain may be acquired. 1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Moralists iii. i. 184 O wise Oeconomist..whom all the Elements and Powers of Nature serve! 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 64. ⁋2 He is a good Oeconomist in his extravagance. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Lime Every good Oeconomist will purchase as..cheap as he can. 1824 J. Johnson Typographia I. 553 He appears to have been but an indifferent œconomist. 1841 I. D'Israeli Amenities Lit. I. 74 Junius was such a rigid economist of time, that every hour was allotted to its separate work. 1895 Eng. Hist. Rev. 10 152 Like many a stylist Salutati was perhaps no economist of time. 1922 Olean (N.Y.) Evening Herald 16 Feb. 3/3 Not only is Bread the sure builder of healthy, energetic bodies, but is the most efficient economist of money. 1999 R. Wells Lusus 56 Was it this brave carelessness Put paid to the attempt To make an accountant of you? Certainly You were no ‘economist of your person.’ b. An advocate or practitioner of economy in (esp. personal) expenditure; a thrifty person. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > sparingness or frugality > [noun] > sparing or frugal person sparerc1440 saver1548 economist1669 husbandman1711 economizer1834 frugalist1864 belt-tightener1944 1669 D. North Observ. & Advices Œcon. lix. 88 Our Oeconomist takes it for a Rule, not to disburse any considerable summe. 1758 Herald No. 27. ii. 199 He is an œconomist in his expences. 1771 H. Mackenzie Man of Feeling xxxvi. 204 His aunt was an oeconomist. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 420 An Italian..must be a rigid economist. 1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest II. vii. 114 There were economists pressing for the reduction of the public expenditure. 1881 Harper's Mag. Dec. 127/1 The economist, beginning with a little capital, has made herself the happy possessor of a Leghorn bonnet. 3. a. An expert in or student of economics (economics n. 2).political economist: see political adj. and n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > [noun] > public > science of > one who economist1776 political economist1787 society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > one who studies or writes about economist1776 political economist1787 chrematist1845 politico-economist1847 plutonomist1851 plutologist1874 financial modeller1974 1776 I. de Pinto tr. M. de Pinto Lett. on Amer. Troubles 62 The principles of the œconomists [Fr. des Économistes] are erroneous. 1804 Earl of Lauderdale Inq. Nature & Origin Public Wealth v. 354 The œconomists..regarded exchangeable value as the basis of wealth. 1826 R. Whately Elements Logic 303 App. We might expect all Economists to be agreed. 1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. Pref. Those facts which form the special study of the economist. 1903 J. G. Brooks Social Unrest 187 This sorry see-saw in the industrial world is the puzzle of the economist and the despair of the practical man. 1938 Fortune Sept. 64/1 Now of course it is contended by the New Dealers and their economists that government spending increases, or at any rate sustains, production. 1963 A. Koestler in Encounter July 7/1 One need not be an economist to find these figures disconcerting. 1994 Financial Rev. (Sydney) 3 Nov. 24/2 The chief economist at the world's largest mining company predicts metals prices will continue to rise. 2005 S. D. Levitt & S. J. Dubner Freakonomics v. 162 Regression analysis is the tool that enables an economist to sort out these huge piles of data. b. A member of an 18th-cent. French philosophical school which advocated adherence to a supposed natural order of social institutions. Now historical.The school is more usually known as the Physiocrats (see physiocrat n.). ΚΠ 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. iv. viii. 277 A..considerable sect, distinguished in the French republick of letters by the name of, The Oeconomists . View more context for this quotation 1869 Buckle's Hist. Civilisation Eng. (new ed.) II. vii. 328 Soon after 1755 the economists effected a schism between the nation and the government. 1878 J. Morley Condorcet 33 As a thinker he is roughly classed as an Economist. 1992 J. Hicks in A. Vercelli & N. Dimitri Macroeconomics i. 6 That group who first took to themselves the name of ‘economists’, those who flourished in France between 1750 and the Revolution, and later became known as Physiocrats. c. A believer or advocate of economism (economism n.). ΚΠ 1912 D. M. Wallace Russia (rev. ed.) xxxviii. 696 The struggle between the ‘Economists’, who confined themselves to workmen's grievances, and the ‘Politicals,’ who tried to give the movement a political character. 1949 I. Deutscher Stalin ii. 31 The ‘Economists’ wanted to confine their activities to supporting workers' claims for higher wages and better conditions of work, without bothering about politics. 1955 H. Hodgkinson Doubletalk 46 An Economist is one who accepts a Marxist analysis of society and believes in the inevitable rise of socialism, but maintains that ‘the unaided evolution of inevitable economic changes can bring about the desired revolution without theoretical guidance’. 1966 Slavic Rev. 25 600 All attention was centered on Lenin, who as early as 1895 had had to save St. Petersburg from the Economist infection. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1586 |
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