单词 | eclipse |
释义 | eclipsen. 1. a. Astronomy. An interception or obscuration of the light of the sun, moon, or other luminous body, by the intervention of some other body, either between it and the eye, or between the luminous body and that illuminated by it; as of the moon, by passing through the earth's shadow; of the sun, by the moon coming between it and the observer; or of a satellite, by entering the shadow of its primary. Also in phrase, in eclipse. See also annular eclipse, total eclipse. Cf. occultation n. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > heavenly body > [noun] > state of being visible > eclipse eclipsec1374 clipse1377 obscurationa1550 defect1571 superation1585 travail1593 occultation1601 deliquium1648 immersion1690 incidence1728 c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (1868) 133 Whan þe moone is in the eclips. 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xxi. 140 Þis eclipse . þat ouer-closeþ now þe sonne. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 16814 Oft siths haue we sene..esclepis [Vesp. clipes, Trin. Cambr. clippis; c1460 Laud clyppes] of sun and mone. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxlvi. f. clxviiv In ye yere of our Lord .xii.c.xxii...apered a great Eclypce of the sone. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 43 In the tyme of the eclipis the eird is betuix the mune and the soune. 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear ii. 103 These late eclipses in the Sunne and Moone portend no good to vs. View more context for this quotation 1638 J. Milton Lycidas in Obsequies 23 in Justa Edouardo King That fatall..bark, Built in th' eclipse. 1751 J. Harris Hermes i. ii. 9 Often had Mankind seen the Sun in Eclipse. 1868 W. Lockyer & J. N. Lockyer tr. A. Guillemin Heavens (ed. 3) 258 An eclipse of Titan. 1871 F. T. Palgrave Lyrical Poems 33 The Sun cloak'd himself in wan eclipse. b. transferred. Absence, cessation, or deprivation of light, temporary or permanent; technical the periodical obscuration of the light from a light-house. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > [noun] > making or becoming dark > cessation or failure of light eclipse1526 deliquium1648 1526 W. Bonde Rosary sig. D A vnyuersall derkenesse and eclipse was ouer all the worlde. 1563 T. Sackville in W. Baldwin et al. Myrrour for Magistrates (new ed.) Buckingham xciii With fowle eclypse had reft my syght away. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 81 Blind among enemies..Irrecoverably dark, total Eclipse . View more context for this quotation 1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 736 The eclipse That metropolitan volcanoes make. 1830 Ld. Tennyson Burial of Love His eyes in eclipse. 1858 Mercantile Marine Mag. 5 186 A Fixed Red Light, varied by flashes preceded and followed by short eclipses. 2. figurative. a. Obscuration, obscurity; dimness; loss of brilliance or splendour. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > obscurity or ingloriousness > [noun] obscurity1578 eclipse1598 ingloriousnessa1631 deliquium1648 shade1650 incelebrity1813 notelessness1830 obscureness1873 Palookaville?1954 1598 R. Barckley Disc. Felicitie of Man v. 547 This..eclypse of Christian maners, doth presage the destruction of the world to be at hand. 1642 T. Fuller Holy State ii. xxi. 140 God oftentimes leaves the brightest men in an eclipse. 1649 A. Ascham Bounds Publique Obed. 19 How knowes he..that the..power is..in an Ecclipse? 1682 T. Ken Serm. at Funeral of Lady Mainard 3 Goodness has an inseparable splendour, which can never suffer, a total ecclipse. 1878 R. Browning La Saisiaz 31 When I..declare the soul's eclipse Not the soul's extinction. b. (See quot. 1838.) Hence eclipse-dress, eclipse-feathers, eclipse-plumage. ΚΠ 1838 C. Waterton Ess. Nat. Hist. 202 At the close of the breeding season, the drake undergoes a very remarkable change of plumage..and ..is..so completely clothed in the raiment of the female, that it requires a keen..eye to distinguish the one from the other... Thus we may say that once every year..the drake goes, as it were, into an eclipse. 1906 C. W. Beebe Bird 48 The invisible cloak of his brooding mate is dropped over him for a while—his colours vanish, and by a partial moult..the hues of his plumage change to an inconspicuous mottling of brown, hardly distinguishable from the female... This has been happily termed the ‘eclipse’ plumage. 1913 Brit. Birds VII. 2 The short eclipse-feathers..differ so little in general tint from the feathers of the winter- and breeding-plumage..that it is difficult to see what advantage the bird derives from the change. 1913 Brit. Birds VII. 74 The second eclipse is for the most part similar in colouring to the first eclipse,..but these second eclipse Eiders can always be distinguished..from the first eclipse..birds. 1914 Bull. Brit. Ornith. Club 33 67 The pigment for the coloration of the eclipse-dress was beginning to form. 1930 F. B. B. Kirkman & F. C. R. Jourdain Brit. Birds 159 Gadwall..In eclipse much like duck. 1958 D. A. Bannerman Birds Brit. Isles VII. 1 The male [sc. mallard] in eclipse resembles the female closely. 1958 D. A. Bannerman Birds Brit. Isles VII. 31 The adult drake [of the teal] begins to assume eclipse plumage in June..by August the eclipse is complete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [noun] > cheating cogc1555 coggingc1555 slura1643 knapa1658 topping1663 petard1664 prick-penny1664 knapping1671 palming1671 gammoning1700 top1709 eclipse1711 peep1711 waxing1726 sightingc1752 1711 J. Puckle Club 31 Gamesters have the Top, Peep, Eclipse [note, securing with the little Finger, a Die on the Out-side of the Box], Thumbing, etc. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2020). eclipsev. a. intransitive. To suffer eclipse; to be eclipsed. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > heavenly body > [verb (intransitive)] > eclipse eclipse1393 dark1485 clipc1500 immerge1704 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 153 The sonne and mone eclipsen both. a1593 T. Watson Poems (Arb.) 206 Thou neuer doest eclips..thy glorie still doth waxe. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 666 The Night-Hag..comes..to dance With Lapland Witches, while the labouring Moon Eclipses at thir charms. View more context for this quotation ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > obscurity or ingloriousness > be or become obscure [verb (intransitive)] eclipsec1430 to be in the shade1806 to crawl (back) into the woodwork1964 c1430 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes i. ii. 5 a God..can..maken princes eclipsen in theyr glory. 1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 36 Starrie eyes whereat my sight, Did eclipse with much delight. 2. a. transitive. Of one of the heavenly bodies: To cause an obscuration of some other heavenly body, by passing between it and the spectator, or between it and the source from which it derives its light. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > heavenly body > [verb (transitive)] > eclipse clipse1398 eclipsec1485 clipc1500 enclipse1606 occult1765 c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) iv. 356 The son had lost his sight; Eclippid was hee. 1619 M. Drayton Legend Robert Dvke of Normandy in Poems (new ed.) 335 The blessed Sunne..Eclips'd to me, eternally appeares. 1715 tr. D. Gregory Elements Astron. I. i. §28. 34 The duration of some Eclipses is..so long..as to let the Moon go the length of three of its Diameters in the Shadow totally Eclipsed. 1832 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) II. Introd. Astron. p. lii When the moon eclipses the sun to us, the earth is eclipsed to the moon. b. transferred. To intercept (light); used technically with reference to an intermittent light in a lighthouse. ΚΠ 1858 Mercantile Marine Mag. 5 60 It is a White Revolving Light, eclipsed once a minute. 3. a. figurative. To cast a shadow upon, throw into the shade; to obscure, deprive of lustre. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > obscurity or ingloriousness > cast into obscurity [verb (transitive)] obscure1548 eclipse1581 disgrace1589 darken1609 overshadow1642 unperson1966 1581 R. Goade in Confer. (1584) ii. sig. H iiij b The glorie of it was..eclipsed. 1650 N. Ward Discolliminium 30 A toleration of errours eclipsing and accosting Gods Truths. 1669 J. Dryden Wild Gallant v. i. 78 I confess I was a little eclips'd; but I'll chear up. 1774 J. Bryant New Syst. II. 525 The ancient name was eclipsed by a later title. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 351 The splendour of the House of Argyle had been eclipsed. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > hide, conceal [verb (transitive)] heeleOE forhelec888 i-hedec888 dernc893 hidec897 wryOE behelec1000 behidec1000 bewryc1000 forhidec1000 overheleOE hilla1250 fealc1325 cover1340 forcover1382 blinda1400 hulsterc1400 overclosec1400 concealc1425 shroud1426 blend1430 close1430 shadow1436 obumber?1440 mufflea1450 alaynec1450 mew?c1450 purloin1461 to keep close?1471 oversilec1478 bewrap1481 supprime1490 occulta1500 silec1500 smoor1513 shadec1530 skleir1532 oppressa1538 hudder-mudder1544 pretex1548 lap?c1550 absconce1570 to steek away1575 couch1577 recondite1578 huddle1581 mew1581 enshrine1582 enshroud1582 mask1582 veil1582 abscondc1586 smotherc1592 blot1593 sheathe1594 immask1595 secret1595 bemist1598 palliate1598 hoodwinka1600 overmaska1600 hugger1600 obscure1600 upwrap1600 undisclose1601 disguise1605 screen1611 underfold1612 huke1613 eclipsea1616 encavea1616 ensconcea1616 obscurify1622 cloud1623 inmewa1625 beclouda1631 pretext1634 covert1647 sconce1652 tapisa1660 shun1661 sneak1701 overlay1719 secrete1741 blank1764 submerge1796 slur1813 wrap1817 buttress1820 stifle1820 disidentify1845 to stick away1900 a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iv. v. 53 Here I take my leaue of thee..Borne to eclipse thy Life this afternoone. View more context for this quotation 1642 G. Englisham Forerunner of Rev. 3 How easily I may eclipse myself from his power to do me harm. 1653 Cloria & Narcissus 243 He was not to be ecclipsed from the eyes of the multitude. 4. To render dim by comparison; to outshine, surpass. Chiefly figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] > put in the shade or put to shame shamec1400 to put down1494 extinguish1551 stain1557 overshadow1581 cloud1582 defacea1592 shend1596 to lay up1601 to shine down1623 dazzle1643 umbrage1647 foila1687 efface1717 eclipse1718 shade?1748 put into the shade1796 to take the shine out of (less frequently from, U.S. off)1819 to put to shame1854 to leave (a person) standing1864 to lay over1869 blanket1884 upstage1921 the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > dimness or absence of brightness > make dim [verb (transitive)] > render dim by comparison stain1557 perstringe1603 blind1633 eclipse1810 1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 10 Mar. (1965) I. 382 Her Earrings eclips'd all the rest. 1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. II. xxvii. 127 The Earl of Surrey had totally eclipsed him in favour. 1810 S. Rogers Voy. Columbus ix. 40 A spark is thrown that shall eclipse the sun. 1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) I. xiii. 381 A discovery which is the glory of one age is eclipsed by the extension of it in another. 1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) xxxi. 159 One must sing in a room or the nightingales would eclipse us. 5. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [verb (transitive)] > lengthen or shorten > omission of vowels or syllables elide1540 eclipse1589 sinka1771 aphetize1884 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie ii. xii. 87 If he [sc. a word] goe before another word commencing with a vowell not letting him to be eclipsed, his vtterance is easie. b. Irish Grammar (also Gaelic, etc.). To change the sound of an initial consonant according to euphonic laws. (In writing, the letter expressing the new sound is prefixed to the original initial which becomes silent.) See eclipsis n. ΚΠ 1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 56 The English which they speake, is good..but they disgrace it..eclipsing (somewhat like the Somersetshire men) specially in pronouncing the names. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1374v.1393 |
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