egoismn.

/ˈiːɡəʊɪz(ə)m/

/ˈɛɡəʊɪz(ə)m/

Etymology: < French egoïsme, < modern Latin egoismus , < Latin ego I: see -ism suffix. Compare egomism n.

1. metaphorical. The belief, on the part of an individual, that there is no proof that anything exists but his own mind; chiefly applied to philosophical systems supposed by their adversaries logically to imply this conclusion.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > subjectivism > [noun] > egoism or solipsism

egomismc1730

egoism1785

I-ism1840

solipsism1874

pan-egoism1896

1722 C. M. Pfaff (title) De Egoismo, nova philosophica hæresi.]

1785 T. Reid Ess. Intellect. Powers ii. x. 285 I am left alone in that forlorn state of egoism.

1803 Edinb. Rev. 1 279 The egoism of Berkeley and Hume is largely incorporated in his system.

a. Ethics. The theory which regards self-interest as the foundation of morality. Also, in practical sense: Regard to one's own interest, as the supreme guiding principle of action; systematic selfishness. (In later use opposed to altruism.)

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > lack of magnanimity or noble-mindedness > self-interest > [noun] > egotism

egotizing1789

egotism1800

egoism1801

egomania1825

automania1835

solipsism1836

oneism1840

egoistry1841

self-obsession1884

ego1891

egocentricity1903

egocentrism1926

me-ism1980

1801 Ann. Reg. 1800 (Otridge ed.) Hist. Europe 234/1 Generous sentiment and affection in France..was lost in selfishness or according to their new word Egoism.

1825 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. in Wks. (1859) I. 103 A contrast of his egoism (for he was beneficed on them) with the generous abandonment of rights by the other members of the Assembly.

1840 W. E. Gladstone Church Princ. 463 Egoism..is sure to prevail whenever the pressure of high Christian motives is removed.

1850 T. Carlyle Latter-day Pamphlets i. 9 The mature man, hardened into sceptical egoism, knows no monition but that of his own frigid cautions.

1861 J. S. Mill Considerations Representative Govt. iii. 48 Religion in this shape is quite consistent with the most selfish and contracted egoism.

1873 H. Spencer Study Sociol. viii. 198 The promptings of egoism are duly restrained by regard for others.

b. (See quot. 1882.)

ΚΠ

1882 E. Haeckel in Nature 28 Sept. 540/2 The natural instinct of self-preservation, Egoism.

c. plural. Selfish aims or purposes; instances of selfishness.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > lack of magnanimity or noble-mindedness > self-interest > [noun] > a) personal aim or object(s)

self-end1543

self-respect1609

self-interest1612

self1640

egoisms1795

1795 T. Jefferson Writings in Wks. (1859) IV. 115 It must be so extensive as that local egoisms may never reach its greater part.

1843 T. Carlyle Past & Present i. iv. 33 Hearsays, egoisms, purblind dilettantisms.

1870 J. Stirling Mill on Trades Un. in Recess Stud. viii. 309 The internecine strife of anarchical egoisms.

3. In matters of opinion: (a) the habit of looking upon all questions chiefly in their relations to oneself; (b) excessive exaltation of one's own opinion; self-opinionatedness.

ΚΠ

1840 W. E. Gladstone Church Princ. 134 He is deprived of every shadow of a plea to impute fanaticism or any form of egoism.

1852 F. W. Robertson Lect. 169 That egoism of man..can..read in the planets only prophecies of himself.

1870 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. (1873) 1st Ser. 177 Every narrow provincialism whether of egoism or tradition.

4. = egotism n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > [noun] > (obtrusive) use of 'I'

egotism1715

egoism1807

I-ism1840

1807 T. Jefferson Writings (1830) IV. 69 Pardon me these egoisms.

1870 W. E. Gladstone Primer of Homer (1878) 148 Never once..does Odusseus indulge in the slightest egoism.

1871 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David II. Ps. xxxiv. 4 Note the egoism of this verse and of those preceding it.

5. Hindu Philosophy. Used as transl. of Sanskrit abhimâna, by some rendered ‘self-consciousness’.

ΚΠ

1862 F. Hall tr. N. N. Gore Rational Refut. Hindu Philos. Syst. 45 The organ of egoism.

1878 Cowell Aphorisms of Sandila 110 The Sán-khya considers ‘intellect’ ‘egoism’, and ‘mind’ as quite distinct from each other.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	egoism
释义	egoismn. /ˈiːɡəʊɪz(ə)m//ˈɛɡəʊɪz(ə)m/ Etymology: < French egoïsme, < modern Latin egoismus , < Latin ego I: see -ism suffix. Compare egomism n. 1. metaphorical. The belief, on the part of an individual, that there is no proof that anything exists but his own mind; chiefly applied to philosophical systems supposed by their adversaries logically to imply this conclusion. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > subjectivism > [noun] > egoism or solipsism egomismc1730 egoism1785 I-ism1840 solipsism1874 pan-egoism1896 1722 C. M. Pfaff (title) De Egoismo, nova philosophica hæresi.] 1785 T. Reid Ess. Intellect. Powers ii. x. 285 I am left alone in that forlorn state of egoism. 1803 Edinb. Rev. 1 279 The egoism of Berkeley and Hume is largely incorporated in his system. 2. a. Ethics. The theory which regards self-interest as the foundation of morality. Also, in practical sense: Regard to one's own interest, as the supreme guiding principle of action; systematic selfishness. (In later use opposed to altruism.) ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > lack of magnanimity or noble-mindedness > self-interest > [noun] > egotism egotizing1789 egotism1800 egoism1801 egomania1825 automania1835 solipsism1836 oneism1840 egoistry1841 self-obsession1884 ego1891 egocentricity1903 egocentrism1926 me-ism1980 1801 Ann. Reg. 1800 (Otridge ed.) Hist. Europe 234/1 Generous sentiment and affection in France..was lost in selfishness or according to their new word Egoism. 1825 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. in Wks. (1859) I. 103 A contrast of his egoism (for he was beneficed on them) with the generous abandonment of rights by the other members of the Assembly. 1840 W. E. Gladstone Church Princ. 463 Egoism..is sure to prevail whenever the pressure of high Christian motives is removed. 1850 T. Carlyle Latter-day Pamphlets i. 9 The mature man, hardened into sceptical egoism, knows no monition but that of his own frigid cautions. 1861 J. S. Mill Considerations Representative Govt. iii. 48 Religion in this shape is quite consistent with the most selfish and contracted egoism. 1873 H. Spencer Study Sociol. viii. 198 The promptings of egoism are duly restrained by regard for others. b. (See quot. 1882.) ΚΠ 1882 E. Haeckel in Nature 28 Sept. 540/2 The natural instinct of self-preservation, Egoism. c. plural. Selfish aims or purposes; instances of selfishness. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > lack of magnanimity or noble-mindedness > self-interest > [noun] > a) personal aim or object(s) self-end1543 self-respect1609 self-interest1612 self1640 egoisms1795 1795 T. Jefferson Writings in Wks. (1859) IV. 115 It must be so extensive as that local egoisms may never reach its greater part. 1843 T. Carlyle Past & Present i. iv. 33 Hearsays, egoisms, purblind dilettantisms. 1870 J. Stirling Mill on Trades Un. in Recess Stud. viii. 309 The internecine strife of anarchical egoisms. 3. In matters of opinion: (a) the habit of looking upon all questions chiefly in their relations to oneself; (b) excessive exaltation of one's own opinion; self-opinionatedness. ΚΠ 1840 W. E. Gladstone Church Princ. 134 He is deprived of every shadow of a plea to impute fanaticism or any form of egoism. 1852 F. W. Robertson Lect. 169 That egoism of man..can..read in the planets only prophecies of himself. 1870 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. (1873) 1st Ser. 177 Every narrow provincialism whether of egoism or tradition. 4. = egotism n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > [noun] > (obtrusive) use of 'I' egotism1715 egoism1807 I-ism1840 1807 T. Jefferson Writings (1830) IV. 69 Pardon me these egoisms. 1870 W. E. Gladstone Primer of Homer (1878) 148 Never once..does Odusseus indulge in the slightest egoism. 1871 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David II. Ps. xxxiv. 4 Note the egoism of this verse and of those preceding it. 5. Hindu Philosophy. Used as transl. of Sanskrit abhimâna, by some rendered ‘self-consciousness’. ΚΠ 1862 F. Hall tr. N. N. Gore Rational Refut. Hindu Philos. Syst. 45 The organ of egoism. 1878 Cowell Aphorisms of Sandila 110 The Sán-khya considers ‘intellect’ ‘egoism’, and ‘mind’ as quite distinct from each other. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1785
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