amarituden.

Brit.

/əˈmarᵻtjuːd/,

/əˈmarᵻtʃuːd/, U.S.

/əˈmɛrəˌt(j)ud/

Forms: late Middle English amarytude, 1500s– amaritude.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French amaritude.

Etymology: < Middle French amaritude bitterness of feelings, emotional pain (13th cent. in Old French), bitterness of taste (a1432) < classical Latin amāritūdō bitterness of taste, bitterness of expression or feelings, harshness < amārus bitter (see amarous adj.) + -tūdō -tude suffix.Old French amaritude is a medieval borrowing < Latin; the direct descendant of the Latin word is Old French amertume, amartume bitterness of feelings (second half of the 12th cent.; Middle French, French amertume). Compare Spanish amaritud bitterness of feelings (c1422), bitterness of taste (1555).

1. Bitter feelings or sentiments; acrimony; resentment; (also) the quality of being bitter to the mind or feelings; distress; anguish. Somewhat rare and chiefly poetic in later use.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > bitterness > [noun]

rancourc1380

nitrosity?a1425

sour cheerc1440

amaritude1490

fellc1494

rust?1507

stomach grief1553

virulencya1617

ranklea1632

embitteredness1643

embitterment1645

virulence1663

sharpness1673

virulentnessa1676

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > bitterness > [noun]

rancourc1380

bitterness1382

sour cheerc1440

amaritude1490

fellc1494

rust?1507

aloea1529

stomach?1553

stomach grief1553

virulencya1617

coloquintida1622

nitrosity1634

embitteredness1643

embitterment1645

virulence1663

sharpness1673

virulentnessa1676

acerbation1793

1490 W. Caxton tr. Boke yf Eneydos xxvi. sig. G.ij^v Thou haste absorbed me & reclosed in the grete see of amarytude [Fr. amaritude].

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. To King To restore health to all men, without which all dulcor, & pleasantnes of our life is nothinge els then amaritude, and Gaule.

1671 T. Harby What is Truth (new ed.) vii. 188 Those that..are apt to conceive a prejudicious amaritude..against those that would (by undenyable eviction of reason) convince them of their errors.

1781 Gibbons's Mourning Saint among Willows (new ed.) xlv. 64 The former reflection had its sweetness, but this hath its amaritude.

1843 C. C. Pise Aletheia xl. 161 He must necessarily repent, in the amaritude of his heart, for his transgressions.

1920 J. Hebblethwaite Poems 74 Hunting echoes rise from the far bounds, Amaritude of exile in the sounds.

2007 Amer. Poetry Rev. 36 38 Play to me, violin, of the amaritude we both know.

†2. The quality of being bitter to the taste; bitter taste or flavour. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [noun] > bitterness or acridity

gallc1175

smartnessa1425

rhubarba1529

acrimony1542

acridity1547

amaritude1599

acerbity1608

acrity1619

asperity1620

acritude1650

acridness1702

bitterishness1702

crabbedness1715

acerbitude1727

amarulence1727

bitterness-

1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 18/1 Adde thervnto a little Suger, that heereby the amaritude [Ger. bitterkeit] may somewhat be diminished.

1666 G. Harvey Morbus Anglicus xxvi. 124 What amaritude (bitterness) or acrimony (sharpness) is deprehended in Choler.

1835 G. T. Burnett Outl. Bot. II. 885 The amaritude of Quassia is supposed to depend upon a substance called emphatically the bitter principle.

1870 E. P. Hingston Genial Showman 20/1 How properly to ‘frost’ the rim of the glass with pulverized sugar, so that sweetness should precede amaritude.

1911 F. B. Rebman tr. F. X. Gouraud What shall I eat? 251 Chicory has a certain bitter by-taste which enhances its aperient and stimulating virtues. This amaritude is still more pronounced in the endive.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	amaritude
释义	amarituden. Brit. /əˈmarᵻtjuːd/, /əˈmarᵻtʃuːd/, U.S. /əˈmɛrəˌt(j)ud/ Forms: late Middle English amarytude, 1500s– amaritude. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French amaritude. Etymology: < Middle French amaritude bitterness of feelings, emotional pain (13th cent. in Old French), bitterness of taste (a1432) < classical Latin amāritūdō bitterness of taste, bitterness of expression or feelings, harshness < amārus bitter (see amarous adj.) + -tūdō -tude suffix.Old French amaritude is a medieval borrowing < Latin; the direct descendant of the Latin word is Old French amertume, amartume bitterness of feelings (second half of the 12th cent.; Middle French, French amertume). Compare Spanish amaritud bitterness of feelings (c1422), bitterness of taste (1555). 1. Bitter feelings or sentiments; acrimony; resentment; (also) the quality of being bitter to the mind or feelings; distress; anguish. Somewhat rare and chiefly poetic in later use. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > bitterness > [noun] rancourc1380 nitrosity?a1425 sour cheerc1440 amaritude1490 fellc1494 rust?1507 stomach grief1553 virulencya1617 ranklea1632 embitteredness1643 embitterment1645 virulence1663 sharpness1673 virulentnessa1676 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > bitterness > [noun] rancourc1380 bitterness1382 sour cheerc1440 amaritude1490 fellc1494 rust?1507 aloea1529 stomach?1553 stomach grief1553 virulencya1617 coloquintida1622 nitrosity1634 embitteredness1643 embitterment1645 virulence1663 sharpness1673 virulentnessa1676 acerbation1793 1490 W. Caxton tr. Boke yf Eneydos xxvi. sig. G.ij^v Thou haste absorbed me & reclosed in the grete see of amarytude [Fr. amaritude]. 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. To King To restore health to all men, without which all dulcor, & pleasantnes of our life is nothinge els then amaritude, and Gaule. 1671 T. Harby What is Truth (new ed.) vii. 188 Those that..are apt to conceive a prejudicious amaritude..against those that would (by undenyable eviction of reason) convince them of their errors. 1781 Gibbons's Mourning Saint among Willows (new ed.) xlv. 64 The former reflection had its sweetness, but this hath its amaritude. 1843 C. C. Pise Aletheia xl. 161 He must necessarily repent, in the amaritude of his heart, for his transgressions. 1920 J. Hebblethwaite Poems 74 Hunting echoes rise from the far bounds, Amaritude of exile in the sounds. 2007 Amer. Poetry Rev. 36 38 Play to me, violin, of the amaritude we both know. †2. The quality of being bitter to the taste; bitter taste or flavour. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [noun] > bitterness or acridity gallc1175 smartnessa1425 rhubarba1529 acrimony1542 acridity1547 amaritude1599 acerbity1608 acrity1619 asperity1620 acritude1650 acridness1702 bitterishness1702 crabbedness1715 acerbitude1727 amarulence1727 bitterness- 1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 18/1 Adde thervnto a little Suger, that heereby the amaritude [Ger. bitterkeit] may somewhat be diminished. 1666 G. Harvey Morbus Anglicus xxvi. 124 What amaritude (bitterness) or acrimony (sharpness) is deprehended in Choler. 1835 G. T. Burnett Outl. Bot. II. 885 The amaritude of Quassia is supposed to depend upon a substance called emphatically the bitter principle. 1870 E. P. Hingston Genial Showman 20/1 How properly to ‘frost’ the rim of the glass with pulverized sugar, so that sweetness should precede amaritude. 1911 F. B. Rebman tr. F. X. Gouraud What shall I eat? 251 Chicory has a certain bitter by-taste which enhances its aperient and stimulating virtues. This amaritude is still more pronounced in the endive. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1490
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