enforcev.

Brit.

/ᵻnˈfɔːs/,

/ɛnˈfɔːs/, U.S.

/ᵻnˈfɔrs/,

/ɛnˈfɔrs/

Forms: α. Middle English–1600s enforse, (Middle English ? enforth, 1500s enfoarce), Middle English– enforce. β. Middle English–1600s inforse, (1500s infors), Middle English– inforce.

Etymology: < Old French enforcier, enforcir < late Latin infortiāre , infortīre , < in- (see in- prefix¹) + fortis strong; see also en- prefix¹ and force n.¹

I. To put force or strength into.

†1. transitive. To strengthen (a fortress) by extra works, (an army, navy, town, etc.) by extra ships, troops, etc.; to occupy in force; to reinforce. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > impel or drive [verb (transitive)]

driveeOE

sendc950

stira1300

enforce1340

swayc1400

compel1447

force1582

impel1611

impulse1611

to set gone?1611

to knock on1642

pulse1666

command1680

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > reinforce

enforce1340

stuffc1400

renforce?1473

relieve1487

supply1487

refreshc1500

ranforce1547

strengthen1548

re-enforce1579

reinforce1589

seconda1609

recrew1637

recruit1642

α.

1340–70 Alisaunder 908 Enforced were þe entres with egre men fele.

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. xxxvii. 177 Morys of Murrawe..Ðat syne enforsyt it [þat Castelle] grettumly.

?1520 A. Barclay tr. Sallust Cron. Warre agaynst Iugurth xxx. f. 42 He ordayned as it were a forwarde enforced with a threfolde subsidy or socoures.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. xlvi. 63 The frenche kynge enforced his great nauy that he had on the see.

1668 W. Temple Let. to Ld. Arlington in Lett. in Wks. (1731) II. 61 To enforce the Towns of Flanders by..our Troops.

1755 J. Edwards Wks. (1834) I. Introd. 209/2 The French were in constant expectation of being greatly enforced by a large body.

β. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) iv. 65 [Thai] inforsit [1489 Adv. enforcyt] the castell sua.1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 376 Provided and inforced with men of war in divers forein Parts.1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis xi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 561 The brave Messapus shall thy Troops inforce; With those of Tibur.

†2. To strengthen in a moral sense; to impart resolution or fortitude to (a person); to encourage (const. to with infinitive); to strengthen (a resolve, a purpose). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)] > strengthen morally

comfortc1290

enforcec1386

supprise1447

fortify1477

strengthen1534

magnanimate1640

uphold1820

c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋656 This vertu.. enhaunsith and enforceth the soule.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 178/3 Yet was saynt barnabe a man enforced to suffre paynes.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. O.vj By suche exaumples..the good people shoulde enforce them selues.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §314 To Enforce the Spirits by some Mixtures, that may excite and quicken them.

1685 R. Berkeley in Mem. (1857) III. 275 Sir, if the entreaties of a friend can enforce the resolves of so great a philosopher.

†3.

a. To add force to, intensify, strengthen (a feeling, desire, influence); to impart fresh vigour or energy to (an action, movement, attack, etc.). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > refresh or invigorate [verb (transitive)]

akeleOE

restOE

comfort1303

ease1330

quickc1350

recurea1382

refresha1382

refetec1384

restorec1384

affilea1393

enforcec1400

freshc1405

revigour?a1425

recomfortc1425

recreatec1425

quicken?c1430

revive1442

cheerc1443

refection?c1450

refect1488

unweary1530

freshen1532

corroborate1541

vige?c1550

erect?1555

recollect?1560

repose1562

respite1565

rouse1574

requicken1576

animate1585

enlive1593

revify1598

inanimate1600

insinew1600

to wind up1602

vigorize1603

inspiritc1610

invigour1611

refocillate1611

revigorate1611

renovate1614

spriten1614

repaira1616

activate1624

vigour1636

enliven1644

invigorate1646

rally1650

reinvigorate1652

renerve1652

to freshen up1654

righta1656

re-enlivena1660

recruita1661

enlighten1667

revivify1675

untire1677

reanimate1694

stimulate1759

rebrace1764

refreshen1780

brisken1799

irrigate1823

tonic1825

to fresh up1835

ginger1844

spell1846

recuperate1849

binge1854

tone1859

innerve1880

fiercen1896

to tone up1896

to buck up1909

pep1912

to zip up1927

to perk up1936

to zizz up1944

hep1948

to zing up1948

juice1964

α.

c1400 Rom. Rose 4499 Now mote my sorwe enforced be.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. 355 Douglas..enforsit [1489 Adv. enforcyt] on thame the cry.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ix. 136 And so be-gan the turnement newe to enforse for the rescewe of theire felowes.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. lxxvi. 97 The next day to enforce the assaut.

1563 J. Man tr. W. Musculus Common Places Christian Relig. 34 a Enforcing up his noyse littel and littel.

1727 A. Pope et al. Περι Βαθους: Art of Sinking 16 in J. Swift et al. Misc.: Last Vol. Hang on Lead, to..enforce our Descent.

1741 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero (1742) III. xii. 287 He [Cicero]..used to enforce the severity of his abstinence.

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 63. ⁋12 The temptations to do ill are multiplied and enforced.

1775 T. Sheridan Lect. Art of Reading I. ii. 102 Their [the consonants'] sound should be enforced.

β. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. ii. 31 Infors thi wyndis.a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. N.iv He..inforceth his appetite, to know more.1679 R. South Serm. Several Occasions 255 The same Authority, and evidence, that inforced the Former.1698 J. Norris Pract. Disc. Divine Subj. IV. 374 Another sort of Conviction of the Worlds Vanity such as..an inner spring actuates and inforces all our outward motions.

†b. To give legal force to; to ratify. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > [verb (transitive)] > validate or ratify

confirmc1290

affirma1325

authorize1431

corrobore1485

stable1501–2

find1512

corroborate1530

authenticate1555

warrant1598

validatea1648

convalidate1656

execute1737

enforce1756

homologatea1765

sanction1778

formalize1855

1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica i. i. 5 His majesty's..pleasure be known, who always inforces or makes void all the acts passed by them.

a. To press home (an argument, etc.); to urge (a demand, etc.); formerly, also, to lay stress upon, emphasize (a fact, circumstance).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > pressure or urgency > press or urge [verb (transitive)]

strain1380

pressa1382

art?1406

enforcec1449

to stand for ——1531

work1532

urge1560

force1580

instance1606

α.

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor iv. iv. 446 This hool argument with alle hise enforcingis.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II iv. i. 81 Against Aumerle we will inforce his triall.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. v. iv. 181 Much against my stomacke, O Quirites, enforce I this point.

1641 Naunton's Fragmenta Regalia sig. D4 [The Warrant for his execution] being made knowne to the Queene, and somewhat enforced, she refused to signe it.

a1674 Earl of Clarendon Hist. Rebellion (1702) iv. §124 Enforcing the ill consequence of his refusal to take the office.

1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks II. iv. 68 Where infinite rewards are thus inforc'd..natural motives to goodness are apt to be neglected.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 87. ⁋14 The preacher..enforcing a precept of religion.

1832 H. Martineau Ireland ii. 33 In order to enforce what he had said.

1870 R. Anderson Hist. Missions Amer. Board II. ix. 74 Hoapile enforced his claim by an argument from a reciprocity of rights and duties.

1878 R. Browning La Saisiaz 76 Failed ye to enforce the maxim.

β. 1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. O3, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) How much euery degree is still enforced one aboue another.1607 B. Jonson Volpone i. iv. sig. C3 To inforce..Your cares, your watchings, and your many prayers. 1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 308 The presence of that doth inforce the absence of the rest.1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 24. ⁋5 This monition might very properly be inforced.1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 61 To inforce their musical speech.

†b. With object clause, or accusative and infinitive: To assert, argue forcibly. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [verb (transitive)]

vowc1330

anferme1340

affirma1382

willa1382

threapc1386

avow1393

to make oneself strongc1425

maintain?c1430

protest1440

traverse1491

assure1509

ferma1525

verc1540

profess1542

enforce1579

justify1579

aver1582

to take on1583

asserta1604

will1614

assevera1618

positive1656

autume1661

declare1709

obtesta1722

predicate1782

asseveratea1847

1579 J. Knewstub Confut. Heresies f. 5 Upon order taken for procuring things to be done, H.N. will necessarily enforce that the same are done.

1613 J. Hayward Liues III. Normans 43 He enforced it to be a good title.

†5.

a. To exert (one's strength). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > cause to operate [verb (transitive)] > put in effective operation

yieldc1315

underbear1382

to put forthc1390

showa1398

apply?c1400

to put outc1400

exercisec1405

to put toc1410

employ?1473

enforce1490

exerce1535

adhibit?1538

addict1562

endeavour?1575

work1591

address1598

to give stream to?1611

to lay out1651

exsert1665

exert1682

1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos (1889) 18 By grete myghte and bodyli strengthe enforced his puyssaunce for to arache and plucke vp the same tree.

†b. reflexive. To exert oneself, strive. Const. to with infinitive. Also to with n.: To strive after, rush into. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > exert oneself [verb (reflexive)]

afforcec1300

enforcec1386

virtuea1393

endeavourc1400

naitc1400

envirtue1477

exploit1490

to put it forthc1500

constrainc1510

efforce1512

lay1535

evirtuate1642

to exert oneself1736

hump1835

spread1843

to put about1983

α.

c1386 G. Chaucer Melibeus ⁋209 Suche as enforcen hem rathere to prayse youre persone by flaterie.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 18089 Enforseþ ȝou wiþ myȝte & meyn Stalworþely to stonde aȝeyn.

a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 61 Eve..enforced her to excuse her of her misdede and synne.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. xv. 20 So have I enforsed my selfe to preache the gospell.

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1822) iii. 213 He enforcit himself to batall.

1535 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. 381 Such soules also as..enforce them selues to a great loue.

1557 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Diall Princes Prol. f. A1 We may enforce our selfes to worke amendes.

1693 W. Robertson Phraseologia Generalis (new ed.) 535 To enforce, or strain himself earnestly, conari.

β. c1460 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (1714) 60 [Man] inforsith hymself to be alway gretter and gretter.a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) x. vii. 177 Pallas..Inforcis hym to greif hys fays that tyde.1541 T. Elyot Image of Gouernance xv. f. 26^v He..inforseth hym selfe to brenne the houses.1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 85 Inforce your selves to use all diligent..indeavours.

†6. intransitive for reflexive. To strive, attempt, physically or mentally. Of a ship: To make way. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > endeavour > make an attempt or endeavour [verb (intransitive)] > to do something

cuneOE

seekc1000

fanda1225

suec1325

tastec1330

enforcec1340

study1340

temptc1384

intendc1385

assaila1393

proffera1393

to make meansc1395

search?a1400

fraistc1400

pursuec1400

to go aboutc1405

pretend1482

attempta1513

essay?1515

attend1523

regarda1533

offer1541

frame1545

to stand about1549

to put into (also in) practice1592

prove1612

imitate1626

snap1766

begin1833

make1880

society > travel > travel by water > action or motion of vessel > [verb (intransitive)] > make progress

enforcec1340

halec1400

to make way1490

heave1626

forge1769

walk1806

α.

c1340 R. Rolle Prose Treat. 2 It enforthis for to halde besyly in it the swetteste name of Ihesu.

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. ii. i. 30 She vseþ ful flatryng familarite wiþ hem þat she enforceþ to bygyle.

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 1 Kings xix. 10 Saul enforside to fitche to gidre with a spere Dauid in the wal.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds xxvii. 15 The schipp was rauyschid, and myȝte not enforse into the wynd.

1490 Arte & Crafte to knowe well to Dye (Caxton) 4 The deuylle enforseth to brynge to him sorowe vpon sorow.

1557 New Test. (Geneva) 1 Thess. ii. 17 We enforsed the more to se your face.

1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. C3 Thrise happie Mayd, Whom thou doest so enforce to deifie.

β. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. i. 37 Nor we may nocht strife, nor enforce [1557 inforce] sa fast Agane the storme.1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 377 False Prophets..inforce to quench the true vnderstanding of the lawe.

II. To bring force to bear upon.

†7. transitive. To drive by force:

a. by physical force, as a stone from a sling, a person from a place. Also, to enforce open, and simply.

ΚΠ

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 938 And enforsed alle fawre forth at þe ȝatez.

1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. vi. 94 There come into that coaste, infinite swarmes of Gnattes, without any drifte of winde to enforce them.

1589 E. Hayes in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 684 If we be inforced by contrary windes.

1596 J. Harington New Disc. Aiax sig. G7 The verie nature of fire helpeth to enforce [air] vpwarde.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iv. vii. 60 As fast As stones enforst from the old Assirian slings.

1627 J. Speed Eng. Abridged xxi. §8 Yet hath she [Lincoln] not escaped the calamitie of sword, as in the time of the Saxons; whence Arthur enforced their Host.

1644 F. Quarles Barnabas & Boanerges 137 Nor can my stronger groanes enforce the portalls open.

1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. xii. 114 Those that would reduce him, he inforces into Forrain Countries.

b. by mental or moral force: To drive a person to or from a belief, sentiment, or course of action.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate > drive, impel, or incite

enforce1542

pulsec1550

carry1570

pusha1578

propel1830

drive1838

1542 King Henry VIII Declar. Causes Warre Scottis 192 Beying novve enforced to the warre.

1630 M. Drayton Noahs Floud in Muses Elizium 93 From remorce In his owne nature, you doe him inforce.

a1634 W. Austin Devotionis Augustinianæ Flamma (1635) 101 To this observance [fasting]..Nature should inforce us.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. i. 1 It..hath enforced them unto strange conceptions.

1664 J. Dryden Rival Ladies ii. i. 28 I am inforc'd to trust thee With my most neer concerns.

†8.

a. To use force upon; to press hard upon. Also figurative to press hard upon, urge, with arguments, taunts, entreaties, etc. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate > urge, press, or impel

pullc1300

firk1340

enforce138.

pressa1393

thrust14..

impel1490

urge1576

to put (a person) to it1581

importune1598

to lay weight upon1600

riot1777

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > treat violently [verb (transitive)] > use violence or force upon

enforce138.

to enforce upon1561

filibuster1862

138. J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 378 [Naaman] enforsid hym þat he schuld haue take þo giftis.

c1400 Rom. Rose 6409 Thou shalt not streyne me a dele, Ne enforce me.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxlv. f. clxvii Eyther Prynce enforsed so straytly that other, that eyther of theym were vnhorsed.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 176 If you thinke not this..truth, I will not enforce you.

1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 212 Hee besieged Orleans, and had so enforced it, that the Inhabitants were willing..to yeelde themselves.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) iv. ii. 166 The Flint..much inforced, shewes a hastie Sparke.

a1618 W. Raleigh Remains (1644) 36 It is not the part of a just Civil Prince..to enforce such a Countrey.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Warw. 123 He enforced him no further.

b. intransitive in same sense: to enforce upon. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > treat violently [verb (transitive)] > use violence or force upon

enforce138.

to enforce upon1561

filibuster1862

1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. i. To Rdr. How much more the sickenesse enforced vpon me, so much lesse I spared myselfe.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 98 The French men..so enforced vpon them, that they..tooke the sayde Arthur prisoner.

1587 J. Hooker tr. Giraldus Cambrensis Vaticinall Hist. Conquest Ireland i. xxi. 16/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II They still pressing & inforcing vpon him.

†9. To overcome by violence; to take (a town) by storm; to force, ravish (a woman); also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > deprive of chastity [verb (transitive)] > rape

to do (a) shamec1275

afforcec1330

beforcec1375

misusea1382

oppressa1382

enforcec1386

ravisha1387

forcea1400

betravaila1425

trespass1427

supprisea1450

violatec1450

viole?c1450

stuprate?1526

devour1530

stupre1548

constuprate1550

rape1574

suppress1590

harry1591

constrain1594

abripe1623

obstuprate1658

spoil1678

to rip off1967

society > armed hostility > victory > make victorious [verb (transitive)] > take by storm

sturmec1275

expugn?a1475

expugnate1568

carry1579

enforce1579

to take by storm1687

rush1863

α.

c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋900 If the womman maugré hir heed hath ben enforced or noon.

1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lvii. 83 He..enforced their wyues.

1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin 224 They enforced it in two dayes and likewise the Castell, making slaughter of all the footemen that were thether withdrawne.

1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 423 Howsoeuer they labour to enforce (as it were) their conscience.

1631 G. Chapman Warres of Pompey & Caesar in Plays (1873) III. 172 The great authority of Rome Would faine enforce me by their mere suspitions.

β. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccxlix^v Inforce theyr wyues and their children.1574 A. Gilby tr. Test. Twelue Patriarches sig. Diiii^v Ye shall..inforce maydens in Hierusalem.

10. To compel, constrain, oblige. Said of both persons and circumstances. Const. to with infinitive. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > to do something

holdc1275

piltc1275

constraina1340

strength1340

distrainc1374

compelc1380

makec1395

distressa1400

stressa1400

art?1406

putc1450

coerce1475

cohert1475

enforce1509

perforce1509

forcec1540

violent?1551

press1600

necessitate1601

rack1602

restrain1621

reduce1622

oblige1632

necessiate1709

α.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. xii. 12 They were xi days in the shyppe, and enforced it to saile as moche as they myghte.

1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Biij [They] were at the length enforsed to departe.

1557 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandrie sig. A.ii My seruing you..Enforced this, to come to passe.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. (1682) iii. 107 Accompanied with two Goddesses; the one was (Eloquence) to perswade them, and the other was (Violence) to enforce them.

1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. ii. 24 The Parliament was somtimes inforced to adjourn it self for want of number sufficient.

1733 D. Neal Hist. Puritans II. 387 [He] had been..enforced to enter into a bond of a thousand pounds.

1801 R. Southey Thalaba I. v. 306 Only by strong and torturing spells enforced.

1837 F. Palgrave Merchant & Friar (1844) i. 17 You would have been enforced to compress your missive within..scanty bounds.

β. 1509–10 Act 1 Hen. VIII c. 12 Preamble The Parties..were inforced and constrayned to sue ther Lyverey..oute of the Handes of the seid late Kyng.1581 Compendious Exam. Certayne Ordinary Complaints iii. f. 44^v The husbandman was necessarily inforced..to sell his victailes dearer.1691 J. Locke Money in Wks. (1727) II. 33 The Bargain being made, the Law will inforce the Borrower to pay it.

III. To produce, impose, effect, by force.

†11. To produce by force, material or immaterial; to extort (tears, concessions, etc.) from a person; to force (a passage); to bring on (a quarrel, etc.) by force; to force on. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > produce or obtain by compulsion or force

enforce1531

constrain?c1583

efforce1590

violent1650

compel1673

coercea1850

α.

1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. E8^v My paper burdened with his long discourse..enforceth an ende.

1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. C5 With shiuering speares enforcing thunderclaps.

1594 T. Lodge & R. Greene Looking Glasse sig. E3 Dare you enforce the furrowes of reuenge, Within the browes of royall Radagon?

1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor iii. iv. sig. H2^v Why how now brother, who enforst this braule.

1633 T. Stafford Pacata Hibernia i. xi. 74 The White Knight..condemned both his Sonne and people for their folly, to enforce a fight.

1812 J. J. Henry Accurate Acct. Campaign against Quebec 134 The endurances we underwent..enforced many a tear.

β. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. iv. sig. Zi Iniurie apparaunt and with powar inforced..may be with lyke powar resisted.1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie Pref. Ep. 1 The long interceassing of so great a benefite, inforced through the tyrannie of Antichrist.1611 A. Lanyer Salue Deus Rex Iudæorum sig. D4 Your cries inforced mercie, grace, and loue From him, whom greatest Princes could not mooue.1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. iii. iii. 268 By the striking of a flint fire is inforced.1636 G. Sandys Paraphr. Div. Poems (1648) Ex. xv. 2 Pharaohs Chariots..Twixt walls of Seas their way inforce.1670 J. Playford Brief Introd. Skill Musick (new ed.) i. 46 To feign them, or at the least enforced Notes.

†12. To force, obtrude (something) on a person.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > force or impose something upon

to lay on11..

join1303

taxa1375

intruse?a1500

oversetc1500

beforcec1555

impose1581

threap1582

fasten1585

intrude1592

thrust1597

enforcea1616

forcea1616

entail1670

top1682

trump1694

push1723

coerce1790

press1797

inflict1809

levy1863

octroy1865

wish1915

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) ii. i. 125 I will no more enforce mine office on you.

13. To compel by physical or moral force (the performance of an action, conformity to a rule, etc.); to impose (a course of conduct) on a person.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > to perform or adhere to

hold971

tiec1200

exact1564

enforce1647

confine1651

straiten1652

to tie down1692

to nail down1859

1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. xiii. 36 This course was..inforced upon them by a Roman constitution.

1712 G. Berkeley Passive Obed. §3. 3 A Supreme Power of making Laws, and enforcing the Observation of them.

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. II. 52 To enforce upon his fiery temper compliance with the rules of civil life.

1845 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 I. ii. 143 He declared his determination to enforce obedience to the order.

1859 C. Kingsley Misc. (1860) II. 63 The bloated tyrant..enforced payment by scourge and thumbscrew.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 123 They are to enforce the education of their children upon unwilling parents.

14.

a. To compel the observance of (a law); to support by force (a claim, demand, obligation).

ΘΚΠ

society > law > law enforcement > enforce [verb (transitive)]

follow1425

force1580

enforcea1616

to put in force1856

α.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iv. iv. 21 A deflowred maid, And by an eminent body, that enforc'd The Law against it!

1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. iii. xiii. 191 There was neither Jayl nor Executioner in his Kingdom to enforce the Laws.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth II. 130 It should be the business of the legislature..to enforce this Divine precept.

1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) V. 265 Sparta..paid no regard to the sentence, which, after the battle of Mantinea, there was none to enforce.

1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India I. v. i. 503 They sent a body of 1000 infantry and 300 horse to enforce their demand.

β. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 652 This law was inforced..with a rigour at once cruel and ludicrous.

b. absol. rare.

ΚΠ

1876 G. Grote Fragm. Ethical Subj. ii. 39 If as an individual he is obliged to obey, as one of the public he is entitled to enforce upon other individuals.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	enforce
释义	† enforcen. Etymology: < enforce v.: compare afforce v. Obsolete. Effort, exertion. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [noun] hightOE workOE business1340 afforcinga1398 enforce1487 effort1490 contention1583 heave and shove1600 luctation1651 struggle1706 pingle1728 exertion1777 bother1823 brainstorming1839 beef1851 go-go-go1934 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvii. 448 Thai that var With gret enfors [1489 Adv. enforce] assalȝeand thar. a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) i. xlii. f. lxviii^v/2 All her enforce auaylled her not. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Dvi^v We desyre..with all the enforce and myght of our hertes to be w^t hym. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1223 A petty enterprise of small enforce . View more context for this quotation This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021). enforcev. Brit. /ᵻnˈfɔːs/, /ɛnˈfɔːs/, U.S. /ᵻnˈfɔrs/, /ɛnˈfɔrs/ Forms: α. Middle English–1600s enforse, (Middle English ? enforth, 1500s enfoarce), Middle English– enforce. β. Middle English–1600s inforse, (1500s infors), Middle English– inforce. Etymology: < Old French enforcier, enforcir < late Latin infortiāre , infortīre , < in- (see in- prefix¹) + fortis strong; see also en- prefix¹ and force n.¹ I. To put force or strength into. †1. transitive. To strengthen (a fortress) by extra works, (an army, navy, town, etc.) by extra ships, troops, etc.; to occupy in force; to reinforce. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > impel or drive [verb (transitive)] driveeOE sendc950 stira1300 enforce1340 swayc1400 compel1447 force1582 impel1611 impulse1611 to set gone?1611 to knock on1642 pulse1666 command1680 society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > reinforce enforce1340 stuffc1400 renforce?1473 relieve1487 supply1487 refreshc1500 ranforce1547 strengthen1548 re-enforce1579 reinforce1589 seconda1609 recrew1637 recruit1642 α. 1340–70 Alisaunder 908 Enforced were þe entres with egre men fele. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. xxxvii. 177 Morys of Murrawe..Ðat syne enforsyt it [þat Castelle] grettumly. ?1520 A. Barclay tr. Sallust Cron. Warre agaynst Iugurth xxx. f. 42 He ordayned as it were a forwarde enforced with a threfolde subsidy or socoures. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. xlvi. 63 The frenche kynge enforced his great nauy that he had on the see. 1668 W. Temple Let. to Ld. Arlington in Lett. in Wks. (1731) II. 61 To enforce the Towns of Flanders by..our Troops. 1755 J. Edwards Wks. (1834) I. Introd. 209/2 The French were in constant expectation of being greatly enforced by a large body. β. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) iv. 65 [Thai] inforsit [1489 Adv. enforcyt] the castell sua.1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 376 Provided and inforced with men of war in divers forein Parts.1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis xi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 561 The brave Messapus shall thy Troops inforce; With those of Tibur. †2. To strengthen in a moral sense; to impart resolution or fortitude to (a person); to encourage (const. to with infinitive); to strengthen (a resolve, a purpose). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)] > strengthen morally comfortc1290 enforcec1386 supprise1447 fortify1477 strengthen1534 magnanimate1640 uphold1820 c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋656 This vertu.. enhaunsith and enforceth the soule. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 178/3 Yet was saynt barnabe a man enforced to suffre paynes. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. O.vj By suche exaumples..the good people shoulde enforce them selues. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §314 To Enforce the Spirits by some Mixtures, that may excite and quicken them. 1685 R. Berkeley in Mem. (1857) III. 275 Sir, if the entreaties of a friend can enforce the resolves of so great a philosopher. †3. a. To add force to, intensify, strengthen (a feeling, desire, influence); to impart fresh vigour or energy to (an action, movement, attack, etc.). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > refresh or invigorate [verb (transitive)] akeleOE restOE comfort1303 ease1330 quickc1350 recurea1382 refresha1382 refetec1384 restorec1384 affilea1393 enforcec1400 freshc1405 revigour?a1425 recomfortc1425 recreatec1425 quicken?c1430 revive1442 cheerc1443 refection?c1450 refect1488 unweary1530 freshen1532 corroborate1541 vige?c1550 erect?1555 recollect?1560 repose1562 respite1565 rouse1574 requicken1576 animate1585 enlive1593 revify1598 inanimate1600 insinew1600 to wind up1602 vigorize1603 inspiritc1610 invigour1611 refocillate1611 revigorate1611 renovate1614 spriten1614 repaira1616 activate1624 vigour1636 enliven1644 invigorate1646 rally1650 reinvigorate1652 renerve1652 to freshen up1654 righta1656 re-enlivena1660 recruita1661 enlighten1667 revivify1675 untire1677 reanimate1694 stimulate1759 rebrace1764 refreshen1780 brisken1799 irrigate1823 tonic1825 to fresh up1835 ginger1844 spell1846 recuperate1849 binge1854 tone1859 innerve1880 fiercen1896 to tone up1896 to buck up1909 pep1912 to zip up1927 to perk up1936 to zizz up1944 hep1948 to zing up1948 juice1964 α. c1400 Rom. Rose 4499 Now mote my sorwe enforced be. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. 355 Douglas..enforsit [1489 Adv. enforcyt] on thame the cry. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ix. 136 And so be-gan the turnement newe to enforse for the rescewe of theire felowes. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. lxxvi. 97 The next day to enforce the assaut. 1563 J. Man tr. W. Musculus Common Places Christian Relig. 34 a Enforcing up his noyse littel and littel. 1727 A. Pope et al. Περι Βαθους: Art of Sinking 16 in J. Swift et al. Misc.: Last Vol. Hang on Lead, to..enforce our Descent. 1741 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero (1742) III. xii. 287 He [Cicero]..used to enforce the severity of his abstinence. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 63. ⁋12 The temptations to do ill are multiplied and enforced. 1775 T. Sheridan Lect. Art of Reading I. ii. 102 Their [the consonants'] sound should be enforced. β. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. ii. 31 Infors thi wyndis.a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. N.iv He..inforceth his appetite, to know more.1679 R. South Serm. Several Occasions 255 The same Authority, and evidence, that inforced the Former.1698 J. Norris Pract. Disc. Divine Subj. IV. 374 Another sort of Conviction of the Worlds Vanity such as..an inner spring actuates and inforces all our outward motions. †b. To give legal force to; to ratify. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > [verb (transitive)] > validate or ratify confirmc1290 affirma1325 authorize1431 corrobore1485 stable1501–2 find1512 corroborate1530 authenticate1555 warrant1598 validatea1648 convalidate1656 execute1737 enforce1756 homologatea1765 sanction1778 formalize1855 1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica i. i. 5 His majesty's..pleasure be known, who always inforces or makes void all the acts passed by them. 4. a. To press home (an argument, etc.); to urge (a demand, etc.); formerly, also, to lay stress upon, emphasize (a fact, circumstance). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > pressure or urgency > press or urge [verb (transitive)] strain1380 pressa1382 art?1406 enforcec1449 to stand for ——1531 work1532 urge1560 force1580 instance1606 α. c1449 R. Pecock Repressor iv. iv. 446 This hool argument with alle hise enforcingis. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II iv. i. 81 Against Aumerle we will inforce his triall. View more context for this quotation 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. v. iv. 181 Much against my stomacke, O Quirites, enforce I this point. 1641 Naunton's Fragmenta Regalia sig. D4 [The Warrant for his execution] being made knowne to the Queene, and somewhat enforced, she refused to signe it. a1674 Earl of Clarendon Hist. Rebellion (1702) iv. §124 Enforcing the ill consequence of his refusal to take the office. 1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks II. iv. 68 Where infinite rewards are thus inforc'd..natural motives to goodness are apt to be neglected. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 87. ⁋14 The preacher..enforcing a precept of religion. 1832 H. Martineau Ireland ii. 33 In order to enforce what he had said. 1870 R. Anderson Hist. Missions Amer. Board II. ix. 74 Hoapile enforced his claim by an argument from a reciprocity of rights and duties. 1878 R. Browning La Saisiaz 76 Failed ye to enforce the maxim. β. 1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. O3, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) How much euery degree is still enforced one aboue another.1607 B. Jonson Volpone i. iv. sig. C3 To inforce..Your cares, your watchings, and your many prayers. View more context for this quotation1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 308 The presence of that doth inforce the absence of the rest.1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 24. ⁋5 This monition might very properly be inforced.1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 61 To inforce their musical speech. †b. With object clause, or accusative and infinitive: To assert, argue forcibly. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [verb (transitive)] vowc1330 anferme1340 affirma1382 willa1382 threapc1386 avow1393 to make oneself strongc1425 maintain?c1430 protest1440 traverse1491 assure1509 ferma1525 verc1540 profess1542 enforce1579 justify1579 aver1582 to take on1583 asserta1604 will1614 assevera1618 positive1656 autume1661 declare1709 obtesta1722 predicate1782 asseveratea1847 1579 J. Knewstub Confut. Heresies f. 5 Upon order taken for procuring things to be done, H.N. will necessarily enforce that the same are done. 1613 J. Hayward Liues III. Normans 43 He enforced it to be a good title. †5. a. To exert (one's strength). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > cause to operate [verb (transitive)] > put in effective operation yieldc1315 underbear1382 to put forthc1390 showa1398 apply?c1400 to put outc1400 exercisec1405 to put toc1410 employ?1473 enforce1490 exerce1535 adhibit?1538 addict1562 endeavour?1575 work1591 address1598 to give stream to?1611 to lay out1651 exsert1665 exert1682 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos (1889) 18 By grete myghte and bodyli strengthe enforced his puyssaunce for to arache and plucke vp the same tree. †b. reflexive. To exert oneself, strive. Const. to with infinitive. Also to with n.: To strive after, rush into. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > exert oneself [verb (reflexive)] afforcec1300 enforcec1386 virtuea1393 endeavourc1400 naitc1400 envirtue1477 exploit1490 to put it forthc1500 constrainc1510 efforce1512 lay1535 evirtuate1642 to exert oneself1736 hump1835 spread1843 to put about1983 α. c1386 G. Chaucer Melibeus ⁋209 Suche as enforcen hem rathere to prayse youre persone by flaterie. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 18089 Enforseþ ȝou wiþ myȝte & meyn Stalworþely to stonde aȝeyn. a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 61 Eve..enforced her to excuse her of her misdede and synne. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. xv. 20 So have I enforsed my selfe to preache the gospell. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1822) iii. 213 He enforcit himself to batall. 1535 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. 381 Such soules also as..enforce them selues to a great loue. 1557 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Diall Princes Prol. f. A1 We may enforce our selfes to worke amendes. 1693 W. Robertson Phraseologia Generalis (new ed.) 535 To enforce, or strain himself earnestly, conari. β. c1460 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (1714) 60 [Man] inforsith hymself to be alway gretter and gretter.a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) x. vii. 177 Pallas..Inforcis hym to greif hys fays that tyde.1541 T. Elyot Image of Gouernance xv. f. 26^v He..inforseth hym selfe to brenne the houses.1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 85 Inforce your selves to use all diligent..indeavours. †6. intransitive for reflexive. To strive, attempt, physically or mentally. Of a ship: To make way. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > endeavour > make an attempt or endeavour [verb (intransitive)] > to do something cuneOE seekc1000 fanda1225 suec1325 tastec1330 enforcec1340 study1340 temptc1384 intendc1385 assaila1393 proffera1393 to make meansc1395 search?a1400 fraistc1400 pursuec1400 to go aboutc1405 pretend1482 attempta1513 essay?1515 attend1523 regarda1533 offer1541 frame1545 to stand about1549 to put into (also in) practice1592 prove1612 imitate1626 snap1766 begin1833 make1880 society > travel > travel by water > action or motion of vessel > [verb (intransitive)] > make progress enforcec1340 halec1400 to make way1490 heave1626 forge1769 walk1806 α. c1340 R. Rolle Prose Treat. 2 It enforthis for to halde besyly in it the swetteste name of Ihesu. c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. ii. i. 30 She vseþ ful flatryng familarite wiþ hem þat she enforceþ to bygyle. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 1 Kings xix. 10 Saul enforside to fitche to gidre with a spere Dauid in the wal. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds xxvii. 15 The schipp was rauyschid, and myȝte not enforse into the wynd. 1490 Arte & Crafte to knowe well to Dye (Caxton) 4 The deuylle enforseth to brynge to him sorowe vpon sorow. 1557 New Test. (Geneva) 1 Thess. ii. 17 We enforsed the more to se your face. 1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. C3 Thrise happie Mayd, Whom thou doest so enforce to deifie. β. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. i. 37 Nor we may nocht strife, nor enforce [1557 inforce] sa fast Agane the storme.1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 377 False Prophets..inforce to quench the true vnderstanding of the lawe. II. To bring force to bear upon. †7. transitive. To drive by force: a. by physical force, as a stone from a sling, a person from a place. Also, to enforce open, and simply. ΚΠ c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 938 And enforsed alle fawre forth at þe ȝatez. 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. vi. 94 There come into that coaste, infinite swarmes of Gnattes, without any drifte of winde to enforce them. 1589 E. Hayes in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 684 If we be inforced by contrary windes. 1596 J. Harington New Disc. Aiax sig. G7 The verie nature of fire helpeth to enforce [air] vpwarde. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iv. vii. 60 As fast As stones enforst from the old Assirian slings. 1627 J. Speed Eng. Abridged xxi. §8 Yet hath she [Lincoln] not escaped the calamitie of sword, as in the time of the Saxons; whence Arthur enforced their Host. 1644 F. Quarles Barnabas & Boanerges 137 Nor can my stronger groanes enforce the portalls open. 1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. xii. 114 Those that would reduce him, he inforces into Forrain Countries. b. by mental or moral force: To drive a person to or from a belief, sentiment, or course of action. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate > drive, impel, or incite enforce1542 pulsec1550 carry1570 pusha1578 propel1830 drive1838 1542 King Henry VIII Declar. Causes Warre Scottis 192 Beying novve enforced to the warre. 1630 M. Drayton Noahs Floud in Muses Elizium 93 From remorce In his owne nature, you doe him inforce. a1634 W. Austin Devotionis Augustinianæ Flamma (1635) 101 To this observance [fasting]..Nature should inforce us. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. i. 1 It..hath enforced them unto strange conceptions. View more context for this quotation 1664 J. Dryden Rival Ladies ii. i. 28 I am inforc'd to trust thee With my most neer concerns. †8. a. To use force upon; to press hard upon. Also figurative to press hard upon, urge, with arguments, taunts, entreaties, etc. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate > urge, press, or impel pullc1300 firk1340 enforce138. pressa1393 thrust14.. impel1490 urge1576 to put (a person) to it1581 importune1598 to lay weight upon1600 riot1777 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > treat violently [verb (transitive)] > use violence or force upon enforce138. to enforce upon1561 filibuster1862 138. J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 378 [Naaman] enforsid hym þat he schuld haue take þo giftis. c1400 Rom. Rose 6409 Thou shalt not streyne me a dele, Ne enforce me. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxlv. f. clxvii Eyther Prynce enforsed so straytly that other, that eyther of theym were vnhorsed. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 176 If you thinke not this..truth, I will not enforce you. 1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 212 Hee besieged Orleans, and had so enforced it, that the Inhabitants were willing..to yeelde themselves. a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) iv. ii. 166 The Flint..much inforced, shewes a hastie Sparke. View more context for this quotation a1618 W. Raleigh Remains (1644) 36 It is not the part of a just Civil Prince..to enforce such a Countrey. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Warw. 123 He enforced him no further. b. intransitive in same sense: to enforce upon. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > treat violently [verb (transitive)] > use violence or force upon enforce138. to enforce upon1561 filibuster1862 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. i. To Rdr. How much more the sickenesse enforced vpon me, so much lesse I spared myselfe. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 98 The French men..so enforced vpon them, that they..tooke the sayde Arthur prisoner. 1587 J. Hooker tr. Giraldus Cambrensis Vaticinall Hist. Conquest Ireland i. xxi. 16/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II They still pressing & inforcing vpon him. †9. To overcome by violence; to take (a town) by storm; to force, ravish (a woman); also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > deprive of chastity [verb (transitive)] > rape to do (a) shamec1275 afforcec1330 beforcec1375 misusea1382 oppressa1382 enforcec1386 ravisha1387 forcea1400 betravaila1425 trespass1427 supprisea1450 violatec1450 viole?c1450 stuprate?1526 devour1530 stupre1548 constuprate1550 rape1574 suppress1590 harry1591 constrain1594 abripe1623 obstuprate1658 spoil1678 to rip off1967 society > armed hostility > victory > make victorious [verb (transitive)] > take by storm sturmec1275 expugn?a1475 expugnate1568 carry1579 enforce1579 to take by storm1687 rush1863 α. c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋900 If the womman maugré hir heed hath ben enforced or noon. 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lvii. 83 He..enforced their wyues. 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin 224 They enforced it in two dayes and likewise the Castell, making slaughter of all the footemen that were thether withdrawne. 1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 423 Howsoeuer they labour to enforce (as it were) their conscience. 1631 G. Chapman Warres of Pompey & Caesar in Plays (1873) III. 172 The great authority of Rome Would faine enforce me by their mere suspitions. β. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccxlix^v Inforce theyr wyues and their children.1574 A. Gilby tr. Test. Twelue Patriarches sig. Diiii^v Ye shall..inforce maydens in Hierusalem. 10. To compel, constrain, oblige. Said of both persons and circumstances. Const. to with infinitive. archaic. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > to do something holdc1275 piltc1275 constraina1340 strength1340 distrainc1374 compelc1380 makec1395 distressa1400 stressa1400 art?1406 putc1450 coerce1475 cohert1475 enforce1509 perforce1509 forcec1540 violent?1551 press1600 necessitate1601 rack1602 restrain1621 reduce1622 oblige1632 necessiate1709 α. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. xii. 12 They were xi days in the shyppe, and enforced it to saile as moche as they myghte. 1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Biij [They] were at the length enforsed to departe. 1557 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandrie sig. A.ii My seruing you..Enforced this, to come to passe. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. (1682) iii. 107 Accompanied with two Goddesses; the one was (Eloquence) to perswade them, and the other was (Violence) to enforce them. 1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. ii. 24 The Parliament was somtimes inforced to adjourn it self for want of number sufficient. 1733 D. Neal Hist. Puritans II. 387 [He] had been..enforced to enter into a bond of a thousand pounds. 1801 R. Southey Thalaba I. v. 306 Only by strong and torturing spells enforced. 1837 F. Palgrave Merchant & Friar (1844) i. 17 You would have been enforced to compress your missive within..scanty bounds. β. 1509–10 Act 1 Hen. VIII c. 12 Preamble The Parties..were inforced and constrayned to sue ther Lyverey..oute of the Handes of the seid late Kyng.1581 Compendious Exam. Certayne Ordinary Complaints iii. f. 44^v The husbandman was necessarily inforced..to sell his victailes dearer.1691 J. Locke Money in Wks. (1727) II. 33 The Bargain being made, the Law will inforce the Borrower to pay it. III. To produce, impose, effect, by force. †11. To produce by force, material or immaterial; to extort (tears, concessions, etc.) from a person; to force (a passage); to bring on (a quarrel, etc.) by force; to force on. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > produce or obtain by compulsion or force enforce1531 constrain?c1583 efforce1590 violent1650 compel1673 coercea1850 α. 1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. E8^v My paper burdened with his long discourse..enforceth an ende. 1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. C5 With shiuering speares enforcing thunderclaps. 1594 T. Lodge & R. Greene Looking Glasse sig. E3 Dare you enforce the furrowes of reuenge, Within the browes of royall Radagon? 1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor iii. iv. sig. H2^v Why how now brother, who enforst this braule. View more context for this quotation 1633 T. Stafford Pacata Hibernia i. xi. 74 The White Knight..condemned both his Sonne and people for their folly, to enforce a fight. 1812 J. J. Henry Accurate Acct. Campaign against Quebec 134 The endurances we underwent..enforced many a tear. β. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. iv. sig. Zi Iniurie apparaunt and with powar inforced..may be with lyke powar resisted.1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie Pref. Ep. 1 The long interceassing of so great a benefite, inforced through the tyrannie of Antichrist.1611 A. Lanyer Salue Deus Rex Iudæorum sig. D4 Your cries inforced mercie, grace, and loue From him, whom greatest Princes could not mooue.1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. iii. iii. 268 By the striking of a flint fire is inforced.1636 G. Sandys Paraphr. Div. Poems (1648) Ex. xv. 2 Pharaohs Chariots..Twixt walls of Seas their way inforce.1670 J. Playford Brief Introd. Skill Musick (new ed.) i. 46 To feign them, or at the least enforced Notes. †12. To force, obtrude (something) on a person. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > force or impose something upon to lay on11.. join1303 taxa1375 intruse?a1500 oversetc1500 beforcec1555 impose1581 threap1582 fasten1585 intrude1592 thrust1597 enforcea1616 forcea1616 entail1670 top1682 trump1694 push1723 coerce1790 press1797 inflict1809 levy1863 octroy1865 wish1915 a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) ii. i. 125 I will no more enforce mine office on you. View more context for this quotation 13. To compel by physical or moral force (the performance of an action, conformity to a rule, etc.); to impose (a course of conduct) on a person. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > to perform or adhere to hold971 tiec1200 exact1564 enforce1647 confine1651 straiten1652 to tie down1692 to nail down1859 1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. xiii. 36 This course was..inforced upon them by a Roman constitution. 1712 G. Berkeley Passive Obed. §3. 3 A Supreme Power of making Laws, and enforcing the Observation of them. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. II. 52 To enforce upon his fiery temper compliance with the rules of civil life. 1845 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 I. ii. 143 He declared his determination to enforce obedience to the order. 1859 C. Kingsley Misc. (1860) II. 63 The bloated tyrant..enforced payment by scourge and thumbscrew. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 123 They are to enforce the education of their children upon unwilling parents. 14. a. To compel the observance of (a law); to support by force (a claim, demand, obligation). ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > enforce [verb (transitive)] follow1425 force1580 enforcea1616 to put in force1856 α. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iv. iv. 21 A deflowred maid, And by an eminent body, that enforc'd The Law against it! View more context for this quotation 1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. iii. xiii. 191 There was neither Jayl nor Executioner in his Kingdom to enforce the Laws. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth II. 130 It should be the business of the legislature..to enforce this Divine precept. 1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) V. 265 Sparta..paid no regard to the sentence, which, after the battle of Mantinea, there was none to enforce. 1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India I. v. i. 503 They sent a body of 1000 infantry and 300 horse to enforce their demand. β. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 652 This law was inforced..with a rigour at once cruel and ludicrous. b. absol. rare. ΚΠ 1876 G. Grote Fragm. Ethical Subj. ii. 39 If as an individual he is obliged to obey, as one of the public he is entitled to enforce upon other individuals. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1487v.1340
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