duplicateadj.n.

/ˈdjuːplɪkət/

Etymology: < Latin duplicātus doubled, past participle of duplicāre to double: see duplicate v.

A. adj.

a. Double, twofold, consisting of two corresponding parts; that is made or exists in two corresponding examples.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > two > pair > [adjective]

double1393

coupledc1440

conjugate1471

duplicate?a1475

jumellec1475

gemel1497

geminate1589

paired1595

fellowed1654

duplicatory1659

gemellous1697

dyadic1728

duplex1817

Siamese twins1829

parial1849

dyad1869

duadic1879

pairwise1913

duplicitous1985

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 125 Galile is a region betwene the Iewery and Palestine, whiche is duplicate, the superior and inferior.

1533–4 Act 25 Hen. VIII c. 21 §12 No man..shal pay any more..then shalbe..limitted in the saide duplicate bokes of taxes.

1657 T. Hobbes Στιγμαι in Wks. (1845) VII. 382 Euclid has but one word for double and duplicate.

1670 W. Simpson Hydrol. Ess. 152 Nitro-aluminous, or duplicate salt.

1856 P. E. Dove Logic Christian Faith v. i. §1. 248 Astronomy is a science of duplicate origin.

1882 C. Pebody Eng. Journalism xx. 148 The Standard is a morning and an evening paper, and is the only London newspaper which now appears in this duplicate form.

b. duplicate ague n. see duplicated adj. 3.

ΚΠ

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. II. 99 The fifth species [i.e. complicated ague]..consisting of double tertians, triple tertians, unequal tertians, duplicate tertians.

2. Double, doubled; consisting of twice the number or quantity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > two > multiplication by two > [adjective]

doublec1305

ydoubled1340

doubledc1430

redoubled1540

duple1542

duplicate1548

duplat?1553

reduplicated1598

reduplicate?1609

ingeminate1637

duplicated1643

ingeminated1658

twofold1812

double-banked1929

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. xxiij The estates of Bruges little doubted to admit so small a numbre into so populous a company, ye though the numbre were duplicate.

1883 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon (at cited word) Double, duplicate. Applied to flowers having a double row of petals.

3. That is the exact counterpart or ‘double’ of something already in existence: applied to any number of such copies or specimens of a thing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [adjective] > reproducing or repeating in a copy

duplicating1659

repetitious1757

facsimile1767

replicating1769

polygraphic1805

duplicate1812

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [adjective] > that is a copy

fashionate1593

duplicate1812

replicative1825

replicate1895

1812 J. Smyth Pract. of Customs App. 305 Sometimes..goods..are included with other goods, in a warrant passed in the Wood Farm Office; in which case the Landing Waiter is furnished with a duplicate warrant from thence, as his authority for the delivery.

1850 R. W. Emerson Montaigne in Representative Men iv. 163 The duplicate copy of Florio, which the British Museum purchased.

1863 P. Barry Dockyard Econ. 194 For each ship of war there are duplicate boilers, either in store, in hand, or in contemplation.

1895 Stanley Gibbons' Stamp Catal. 593 A convenient means of keeping duplicate or superfluous stamps.

4. duplicate proportion n. (also duplicate ratio) the proportion or ratio of squares, in relation to that of the radical quantities.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > ratio or proportion > [noun] > powers

triplicated proportion1635

triplicate proportion1660

triplicate ratio1660

duplicate proportion1678

1678 T. Hobbes Decameron Physiologicum v. 57 'Tis because all heavie Bodies Naturally descend with proportion of swiftness duplicate to that of the time.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 386 All the particles of matter attracting one another in the reciprocal duplicate ratio of their distances.

1827 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) I. 330 If any number of quantities be continued proportionals; the ratio of the first to the third, will be duplicate or the square of the ratio of the first and second.

1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) I. xii. 309 He must have been acquainted with the duplicate proportion before his conversation with Hooke.

a. duplicate whist n. a type of whist in which the hands are replayed by different persons.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > whist > [noun] > varieties of

whisk and swabbers1699

twelfth whist1752

Boston1800

short1825

long1832

dummy whist1843

preference1852

solo whistc1875

hearts1884

drive whist1885

cayenne whist1887

duplicate whist1891

duplicate1894

straight whist1901

1891 J. T. Mitchell (title) Duplicate whist. Its rules and methods of play.

1894 R. F. Foster Duplicate Whist 27 The theory of duplicate whist, or Rejoué,..is that the play of each of the competitors..shall be contrasted with that of the others, by giving to each the same cards, with the same advantages or disadvantages of position at the table, an equal number of times.

b. duplicate bridge n. a type of bridge in which the hands are replayed by different persons.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > varieties of

nullo1893

duplicate1894

auction bridge1903

auction1908

contract1908

duplicate bridge1929

plafond1929

rubber bridge1935

1929 M. C. Work Bridge Pointers & Tests (new ed.) 184 Duplicate Auction Bridge, a form of the game in which the hands are played more than once (i.e., over~played).

1959 Listener 13 Aug. 262/1 In duplicate bridge 50 points are added for all part-score contracts.

6. Genetics. Designating one of two or more non-allelic genes having indistinguishable effects.

ΚΠ

1914 G. H. Shull in Zeitschrift f. Induktive Abstammungs- u. Vererbungslehre XII. 96 (heading) Duplicate genes for capsule-form in Bursa bursa-pastoris.

1914 G. H. Shull in Zeitschrift f. Induktive Abstammungs- u. Vererbungslehre XII. 120 By ‘duplicate’ determiners I understand those which, when separated from each other, produce characters so like that they can not be distinguished from one another.

1949 C. D. Darlington & K. Mather Elements of Genetics 410 Two genes of identical but non-cumulative effect are said to be duplicate.

1951 Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. XVI. 162/1 We also assume that the component genes are not identical; i.e., that they do not represent duplicate genes which have yet to diverge in function.

B. n. [absolute use of the adjective; in French duplicata, < medieval Latin duplicata (charta, etc.)]

1. One of two things exactly alike, so that each is the ‘double’ of the other; especially, that which is made from or after the other.

a. A second copy of a letter or official document, having the legal force of the original: whether made along with it, for separate custody or transmission, or prepared subsequently to take the place of the other in case of loss.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > transcript or copy

transcriptc1290

copyc1330

exemplara1382

again-writingc1384

transumption1412

tenorc1450

examplea1475

transumpt1480

duplicate1532

exemplary1534

double1543

duplicament1574

manuscript1600

apograph1601

exscript1609

exscription1637

transcription1649

autograph1868

1532 Sir J. Russell in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 303 I do send a post unto your Highnes with the duplicate of these my said Lettres who goyth by Alemaignie.

1575 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 374 Two duplicats thereof to be signed.

1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) f. 130 Duplicat is a second letters Patents graunted by the Lord Chancellour, in case where hee hath graunted the same before, and therefore they are held void by M. Crompton.

1648 O. Cromwell Let. 2 Oct. in Writings & Speeches (1937) (modernized text) I. 660 Duplicates of all which I sent to the Committee at Derby House, and therefore forebear to trouble you with the things themselves.

1683 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) I. 20 That a transcript or Duplicate of all lawes, be transmitted to the privy Councell.

1806 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. VI. 100 The original and duplicate being but one will, they must stand or fall together.

1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. I. xi. 379 The rolls of the treasurer and chancellor were duplicates.

b. The second copy of a bill drawn in two parts; a ‘second of exchange’.

ΚΠ

1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) A second letter or bill of exchange exactly like the first is called a duplicate.

1862 C. Stretton Mem. Chequered Life II. 147 The moment you have cashed your duplicate, which you are certain to receive by next mail..go to the office..and take your berth for Liverpool.

c. A pawnbroker's ticket.

ΚΠ

1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 147 This elegantly-attired individual is in the act of entering the duplicate he has just made out, in a thick book.

1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist III. xxxviii. 16 ‘It was a pawnbroker's duplicate’.

a. Generally, a thing which is the exact counterpart or ‘double’ of another reckoned the original or primary specimen; one of two or more specimens of anything exactly or virtually alike: in this sense there may be any number of ‘duplicates’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun] > image of a person or thing

print1340

imagec1384

similitude?a1425

picturec1475

similitudeness1547

portrait1567

idol1590

model1594

self-imagea1672

duplicate1701

moral1751

ditto1776

fetch1787

double1798

fetch-like1841

splitting image1880

spitting image1901

spit1929

split-image1950

clone1977

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > action of repeating in a copy or making a copy > duplicate or exact copy

counterpanec1475

counterparta1676

facsimile1691

duplicate1701

rescript1729

double1798

reduplicate1803

duplication1872

dupe1916

carbon copy1926

spit1929

clone1977

the world > relative properties > relationship > identity > [noun] > the same thing or person > an identical thing > duplicate or triplicate

doublet1553

duplicate1701

triplicate1782

treble1898

1701 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World I. ii. 50 So that one man is but the duplicate or counterpart of another.

1705 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. 3 Dec. We will part with duplicates [of coins].

1762 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting II. i. 13 He commonly made duplicates of his pictures, reserving one of each for himself.

1772 J. Swinton in Philos. Trans. 1771 (Royal Soc.) 61 350 It is so similar to the former..that it may almost..pass for a duplicate of the same coin.

1820 C. Lamb in London Mag. Oct. 368/1 As if a man should suddenly encounter his own duplicate.

1890 Ogilvie Postage Stamps 11 Friends..will soon supply you with plenty of duplicates which you can utilize for exchanges.

b. A word which is in sense exactly the same as another; a synonym.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > semantics > synonymy > [noun] > synonym

synonym?a1475

synonymy1609

equivalent1651

synonymal1662

duplicate1839

1839 H. Rogers Ess. II. iii. 147 These languages, more especially the Latin, have furnished us with duplicates of many words of common objects, which add much to the variety and harmony of expression.

3. in duplicate phr. in two exactly corresponding copies or transcripts.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [adverb] > in duplicate, etc.

in quadruplicate1790

in multiplicate1858

in duplicate1884

in sextuplicate1975

1627 Sir N. Hyde in St. Trials (1735) VII. 140/1 This was certified under the hands of all the Judges..in a duplicate, whereof the one was delivered to the Lord Chancellor, and the other to the Lord Treasurer.

1660 S. Pepys Diary 21 July (1970) I. 205 I..went to get Mr. Spong to engross it [sc. the agreement] in Duplicates.]

1884 Harper's Mag. June 61/1 Receipts for refunds are taken in duplicate.

4. elliptical for duplicate bridge, whist (see sense A. 5 above). Also attributive.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > varieties of

nullo1893

duplicate1894

auction bridge1903

auction1908

contract1908

duplicate bridge1929

plafond1929

rubber bridge1935

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > whist > [noun] > varieties of

whisk and swabbers1699

twelfth whist1752

Boston1800

short1825

long1832

dummy whist1843

preference1852

solo whistc1875

hearts1884

drive whist1885

cayenne whist1887

duplicate whist1891

duplicate1894

straight whist1901

1894 R. F. Foster Duplicate Whist 23 ‘Duplicate’ is looked upon as the coming game.

1898 C. E. Leibold Woman Proposes xvi. 171 I am primed for a spirited game of duplicate. Come, get ready.

1929 M. C. Work Compl. Contract Bridge 237 Duplicate, a form of the game in which the hands are played more than once (i.e., overplayed).

1963 Listener 17 Jan. 137/1 This point is dealt with in a different manner in the Duplicate Laws.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

duplicatev.

/ˈdjuːplɪkeɪt/

Etymology: < Latin duplicāt-, participial stem of duplicāre, < duplex, duplicem, double.

1. transitive. To double; to multiply by two; to make double or twofold; to redouble.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > two > multiplication by two > multiply by two or double [verb (transitive)]

doublec1290

duplec1425

redouble1477

duplify1509

reduplicate1570

duplicate1623

ingeminate1625

geminatea1637

twice1637

iterate1660

1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Duplicate, to double.

1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 101 To duplicate the analogy.

a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1660) iv. v. 94 Requiring them to duplicate the dimensions of Apollo's Altar.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 308 Their wailings and lamentations, which they duplicate when they come together.

a1690 S. Jeake Λογιστικηλογία (1696) 24 As 4372 duplicated..is..8744.

1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 16 Oct. 5/2 The Eastern Extension Telegraph Company..have decided to duplicate the cables which are not duplicated over their lines.

2. To make or provide in duplicate; to make the double or exact copy of; to repeat.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (transitive)] > repeat in a copy

counterfeit1362

to take out1530

take1538

reduplicate1570

imitate1590

counter-make1595

ingeminate1625

replicate1661

recopy1684

takea1715

reproduce1838

duplicate1860

facsimile1862

carbon copy1914

1860 R. W. Emerson Fate in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 15 Copying or duplicating his own structure.

1880 Times 27 Dec. 9/4 To provide against the possibility of a breakdown..all the vital parts are duplicated.

1883 H. Drummond Nat. Law in Spiritual World x. 330 It is a case which is being duplicated every day in our own country.

1895 Tablet 7 Dec. 900 Many of the official pieces were almost certain to be duplicated.

†3.

a. intransitive for reflexive. To become doubled. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > two > multiplication by two > be multiplied by two or doubled [verb (intransitive)]

doublec1320

redouble?1473

reduplicate1618

duplicate1646

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. xx. 156 If we abduce the eye unto either corner, the object will not duplicate .

1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar v. §6 The desires of man..if they pass upon an end or aim of difficulty or ambition,..duplicate and grow to a disturbance.

†b. To double or fold on itself. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > folding or folded condition > fold [verb (intransitive)]

folda1398

duplicate1638

double1875

1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 325 Pepper..in the growth supported by poles or canes, about which it entwines and duplicates with many embraces.

4. Ecclesiastical. (absol.) To celebrate the Eucharist twice in one day.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > mass > celebrate mass [verb (intransitive)] > twice in a day

duplicate1865

1865 F. G. Lee Purchas's Directorium Anglicanum (ed. 2) 196 If the Priest has to duplicate, i.e. to celebrate twice in one day, he must not drink the ablutions.

1881 T. E. Bridgett Hist. Holy Eucharist II. x. 132 Rebuking priests who said mass frequently, sometimes duplicating out of avarice.

Derivatives

ˈduplicating adj.

ΚΠ

1805 R. Jameson Treat. External Characters Minerals 19 Iceland or duplicating spar.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	duplicate
释义	duplicateadj.n. /ˈdjuːplɪkət/ Etymology: < Latin duplicātus doubled, past participle of duplicāre to double: see duplicate v. A. adj. 1. a. Double, twofold, consisting of two corresponding parts; that is made or exists in two corresponding examples. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > two > pair > [adjective] double1393 coupledc1440 conjugate1471 duplicate?a1475 jumellec1475 gemel1497 geminate1589 paired1595 fellowed1654 duplicatory1659 gemellous1697 dyadic1728 duplex1817 Siamese twins1829 parial1849 dyad1869 duadic1879 pairwise1913 duplicitous1985 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 125 Galile is a region betwene the Iewery and Palestine, whiche is duplicate, the superior and inferior. 1533–4 Act 25 Hen. VIII c. 21 §12 No man..shal pay any more..then shalbe..limitted in the saide duplicate bokes of taxes. 1657 T. Hobbes Στιγμαι in Wks. (1845) VII. 382 Euclid has but one word for double and duplicate. 1670 W. Simpson Hydrol. Ess. 152 Nitro-aluminous, or duplicate salt. 1856 P. E. Dove Logic Christian Faith v. i. §1. 248 Astronomy is a science of duplicate origin. 1882 C. Pebody Eng. Journalism xx. 148 The Standard is a morning and an evening paper, and is the only London newspaper which now appears in this duplicate form. b. duplicate ague n. see duplicated adj. 3. ΚΠ 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. II. 99 The fifth species [i.e. complicated ague]..consisting of double tertians, triple tertians, unequal tertians, duplicate tertians. 2. Double, doubled; consisting of twice the number or quantity. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > two > multiplication by two > [adjective] doublec1305 ydoubled1340 doubledc1430 redoubled1540 duple1542 duplicate1548 duplat?1553 reduplicated1598 reduplicate?1609 ingeminate1637 duplicated1643 ingeminated1658 twofold1812 double-banked1929 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. xxiij The estates of Bruges little doubted to admit so small a numbre into so populous a company, ye though the numbre were duplicate. 1883 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon (at cited word) Double, duplicate. Applied to flowers having a double row of petals. 3. That is the exact counterpart or ‘double’ of something already in existence: applied to any number of such copies or specimens of a thing. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [adjective] > reproducing or repeating in a copy duplicating1659 repetitious1757 facsimile1767 replicating1769 polygraphic1805 duplicate1812 the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [adjective] > that is a copy fashionate1593 duplicate1812 replicative1825 replicate1895 1812 J. Smyth Pract. of Customs App. 305 Sometimes..goods..are included with other goods, in a warrant passed in the Wood Farm Office; in which case the Landing Waiter is furnished with a duplicate warrant from thence, as his authority for the delivery. 1850 R. W. Emerson Montaigne in Representative Men iv. 163 The duplicate copy of Florio, which the British Museum purchased. 1863 P. Barry Dockyard Econ. 194 For each ship of war there are duplicate boilers, either in store, in hand, or in contemplation. 1895 Stanley Gibbons' Stamp Catal. 593 A convenient means of keeping duplicate or superfluous stamps. 4. duplicate proportion n. (also duplicate ratio) the proportion or ratio of squares, in relation to that of the radical quantities. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > ratio or proportion > [noun] > powers triplicated proportion1635 triplicate proportion1660 triplicate ratio1660 duplicate proportion1678 1678 T. Hobbes Decameron Physiologicum v. 57 'Tis because all heavie Bodies Naturally descend with proportion of swiftness duplicate to that of the time. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 386 All the particles of matter attracting one another in the reciprocal duplicate ratio of their distances. 1827 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) I. 330 If any number of quantities be continued proportionals; the ratio of the first to the third, will be duplicate or the square of the ratio of the first and second. 1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) I. xii. 309 He must have been acquainted with the duplicate proportion before his conversation with Hooke. 5. a. duplicate whist n. a type of whist in which the hands are replayed by different persons. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > whist > [noun] > varieties of whisk and swabbers1699 twelfth whist1752 Boston1800 short1825 long1832 dummy whist1843 preference1852 solo whistc1875 hearts1884 drive whist1885 cayenne whist1887 duplicate whist1891 duplicate1894 straight whist1901 1891 J. T. Mitchell (title) Duplicate whist. Its rules and methods of play. 1894 R. F. Foster Duplicate Whist 27 The theory of duplicate whist, or Rejoué,..is that the play of each of the competitors..shall be contrasted with that of the others, by giving to each the same cards, with the same advantages or disadvantages of position at the table, an equal number of times. b. duplicate bridge n. a type of bridge in which the hands are replayed by different persons. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > varieties of nullo1893 duplicate1894 auction bridge1903 auction1908 contract1908 duplicate bridge1929 plafond1929 rubber bridge1935 1929 M. C. Work Bridge Pointers & Tests (new ed.) 184 Duplicate Auction Bridge, a form of the game in which the hands are played more than once (i.e., over~played). 1959 Listener 13 Aug. 262/1 In duplicate bridge 50 points are added for all part-score contracts. 6. Genetics. Designating one of two or more non-allelic genes having indistinguishable effects. ΚΠ 1914 G. H. Shull in Zeitschrift f. Induktive Abstammungs- u. Vererbungslehre XII. 96 (heading) Duplicate genes for capsule-form in Bursa bursa-pastoris. 1914 G. H. Shull in Zeitschrift f. Induktive Abstammungs- u. Vererbungslehre XII. 120 By ‘duplicate’ determiners I understand those which, when separated from each other, produce characters so like that they can not be distinguished from one another. 1949 C. D. Darlington & K. Mather Elements of Genetics 410 Two genes of identical but non-cumulative effect are said to be duplicate. 1951 Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. XVI. 162/1 We also assume that the component genes are not identical; i.e., that they do not represent duplicate genes which have yet to diverge in function. B. n. [absolute use of the adjective; in French duplicata, < medieval Latin duplicata (charta, etc.)] 1. One of two things exactly alike, so that each is the ‘double’ of the other; especially, that which is made from or after the other. a. A second copy of a letter or official document, having the legal force of the original: whether made along with it, for separate custody or transmission, or prepared subsequently to take the place of the other in case of loss. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > transcript or copy transcriptc1290 copyc1330 exemplara1382 again-writingc1384 transumption1412 tenorc1450 examplea1475 transumpt1480 duplicate1532 exemplary1534 double1543 duplicament1574 manuscript1600 apograph1601 exscript1609 exscription1637 transcription1649 autograph1868 1532 Sir J. Russell in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 303 I do send a post unto your Highnes with the duplicate of these my said Lettres who goyth by Alemaignie. 1575 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 374 Two duplicats thereof to be signed. 1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) f. 130 Duplicat is a second letters Patents graunted by the Lord Chancellour, in case where hee hath graunted the same before, and therefore they are held void by M. Crompton. 1648 O. Cromwell Let. 2 Oct. in Writings & Speeches (1937) (modernized text) I. 660 Duplicates of all which I sent to the Committee at Derby House, and therefore forebear to trouble you with the things themselves. 1683 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) I. 20 That a transcript or Duplicate of all lawes, be transmitted to the privy Councell. 1806 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. VI. 100 The original and duplicate being but one will, they must stand or fall together. 1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. I. xi. 379 The rolls of the treasurer and chancellor were duplicates. b. The second copy of a bill drawn in two parts; a ‘second of exchange’. ΚΠ 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) A second letter or bill of exchange exactly like the first is called a duplicate. 1862 C. Stretton Mem. Chequered Life II. 147 The moment you have cashed your duplicate, which you are certain to receive by next mail..go to the office..and take your berth for Liverpool. c. A pawnbroker's ticket. ΚΠ 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 147 This elegantly-attired individual is in the act of entering the duplicate he has just made out, in a thick book. 1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist III. xxxviii. 16 ‘It was a pawnbroker's duplicate’. 2. a. Generally, a thing which is the exact counterpart or ‘double’ of another reckoned the original or primary specimen; one of two or more specimens of anything exactly or virtually alike: in this sense there may be any number of ‘duplicates’. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun] > image of a person or thing print1340 imagec1384 similitude?a1425 picturec1475 similitudeness1547 portrait1567 idol1590 model1594 self-imagea1672 duplicate1701 moral1751 ditto1776 fetch1787 double1798 fetch-like1841 splitting image1880 spitting image1901 spit1929 split-image1950 clone1977 the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > action of repeating in a copy or making a copy > duplicate or exact copy counterpanec1475 counterparta1676 facsimile1691 duplicate1701 rescript1729 double1798 reduplicate1803 duplication1872 dupe1916 carbon copy1926 spit1929 clone1977 the world > relative properties > relationship > identity > [noun] > the same thing or person > an identical thing > duplicate or triplicate doublet1553 duplicate1701 triplicate1782 treble1898 1701 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World I. ii. 50 So that one man is but the duplicate or counterpart of another. 1705 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. 3 Dec. We will part with duplicates [of coins]. 1762 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting II. i. 13 He commonly made duplicates of his pictures, reserving one of each for himself. 1772 J. Swinton in Philos. Trans. 1771 (Royal Soc.) 61 350 It is so similar to the former..that it may almost..pass for a duplicate of the same coin. 1820 C. Lamb in London Mag. Oct. 368/1 As if a man should suddenly encounter his own duplicate. 1890 Ogilvie Postage Stamps 11 Friends..will soon supply you with plenty of duplicates which you can utilize for exchanges. b. A word which is in sense exactly the same as another; a synonym. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > semantics > synonymy > [noun] > synonym synonym?a1475 synonymy1609 equivalent1651 synonymal1662 duplicate1839 1839 H. Rogers Ess. II. iii. 147 These languages, more especially the Latin, have furnished us with duplicates of many words of common objects, which add much to the variety and harmony of expression. 3. in duplicate phr. in two exactly corresponding copies or transcripts. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [adverb] > in duplicate, etc. in quadruplicate1790 in multiplicate1858 in duplicate1884 in sextuplicate1975 1627 Sir N. Hyde in St. Trials (1735) VII. 140/1 This was certified under the hands of all the Judges..in a duplicate, whereof the one was delivered to the Lord Chancellor, and the other to the Lord Treasurer. 1660 S. Pepys Diary 21 July (1970) I. 205 I..went to get Mr. Spong to engross it [sc. the agreement] in Duplicates.] 1884 Harper's Mag. June 61/1 Receipts for refunds are taken in duplicate. 4. elliptical for duplicate bridge, whist (see sense A. 5 above). Also attributive. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > varieties of nullo1893 duplicate1894 auction bridge1903 auction1908 contract1908 duplicate bridge1929 plafond1929 rubber bridge1935 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > whist > [noun] > varieties of whisk and swabbers1699 twelfth whist1752 Boston1800 short1825 long1832 dummy whist1843 preference1852 solo whistc1875 hearts1884 drive whist1885 cayenne whist1887 duplicate whist1891 duplicate1894 straight whist1901 1894 R. F. Foster Duplicate Whist 23 ‘Duplicate’ is looked upon as the coming game. 1898 C. E. Leibold Woman Proposes xvi. 171 I am primed for a spirited game of duplicate. Come, get ready. 1929 M. C. Work Compl. Contract Bridge 237 Duplicate, a form of the game in which the hands are played more than once (i.e., overplayed). 1963 Listener 17 Jan. 137/1 This point is dealt with in a different manner in the Duplicate Laws. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2022). duplicatev. /ˈdjuːplɪkeɪt/ Etymology: < Latin duplicāt-, participial stem of duplicāre, < duplex, duplicem, double. 1. transitive. To double; to multiply by two; to make double or twofold; to redouble. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > two > multiplication by two > multiply by two or double [verb (transitive)] doublec1290 duplec1425 redouble1477 duplify1509 reduplicate1570 duplicate1623 ingeminate1625 geminatea1637 twice1637 iterate1660 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Duplicate, to double. 1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 101 To duplicate the analogy. a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1660) iv. v. 94 Requiring them to duplicate the dimensions of Apollo's Altar. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 308 Their wailings and lamentations, which they duplicate when they come together. a1690 S. Jeake Λογιστικηλογία (1696) 24 As 4372 duplicated..is..8744. 1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 16 Oct. 5/2 The Eastern Extension Telegraph Company..have decided to duplicate the cables which are not duplicated over their lines. 2. To make or provide in duplicate; to make the double or exact copy of; to repeat. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (transitive)] > repeat in a copy counterfeit1362 to take out1530 take1538 reduplicate1570 imitate1590 counter-make1595 ingeminate1625 replicate1661 recopy1684 takea1715 reproduce1838 duplicate1860 facsimile1862 carbon copy1914 1860 R. W. Emerson Fate in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 15 Copying or duplicating his own structure. 1880 Times 27 Dec. 9/4 To provide against the possibility of a breakdown..all the vital parts are duplicated. 1883 H. Drummond Nat. Law in Spiritual World x. 330 It is a case which is being duplicated every day in our own country. 1895 Tablet 7 Dec. 900 Many of the official pieces were almost certain to be duplicated. †3. a. intransitive for reflexive. To become doubled. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > two > multiplication by two > be multiplied by two or doubled [verb (intransitive)] doublec1320 redouble?1473 reduplicate1618 duplicate1646 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. xx. 156 If we abduce the eye unto either corner, the object will not duplicate . View more context for this quotation 1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar v. §6 The desires of man..if they pass upon an end or aim of difficulty or ambition,..duplicate and grow to a disturbance. †b. To double or fold on itself. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > folding or folded condition > fold [verb (intransitive)] folda1398 duplicate1638 double1875 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 325 Pepper..in the growth supported by poles or canes, about which it entwines and duplicates with many embraces. 4. Ecclesiastical. (absol.) To celebrate the Eucharist twice in one day. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > mass > celebrate mass [verb (intransitive)] > twice in a day duplicate1865 1865 F. G. Lee Purchas's Directorium Anglicanum (ed. 2) 196 If the Priest has to duplicate, i.e. to celebrate twice in one day, he must not drink the ablutions. 1881 T. E. Bridgett Hist. Holy Eucharist II. x. 132 Rebuking priests who said mass frequently, sometimes duplicating out of avarice. Derivatives ˈduplicating adj. ΚΠ 1805 R. Jameson Treat. External Characters Minerals 19 Iceland or duplicating spar. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < adj.n.?a1475v.1623
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