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单词 amobr
释义

amobrn.

Brit. /əˈmɒbrə/, /əˈmɒbə/, U.S. /əˈmɑbrə/, /əˈmɑbər/, Welsh English /aˈmɔbr/, /aˈmɔbər/
Forms: late Middle English amobresez (plural), late Middle English amobre, 1700s amabyr, 1700s–1800s amwobr, 1700s– amobr, 1800s– amobyr, 1700s– amober.
Origin: A borrowing from Welsh. Etymons: Welsh amobr, amobyr, amwobr.
Etymology: < Welsh amobr, amwabr, †amobyr, †amwobr (13th cent.: see note) < am- (ultimately < the same Indo-European base as umbe prep.) + gobr payment, fee, recompense (13th cent.; 12th cent. as gwabr ; in later use also gwobr ), related to gobrynu to merit, deserve (13th cent.; < go- ( < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek ὑπο- hypo- prefix) + prynu to purchase, exchange, redeem (Old Welsh prin- ; < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek πρίασθαι to buy); compare Early Irish fo-cren buys, recompenses). Compare post-classical Latin amobrium (1334 in a British source), Anglo-Norman amobres , amobours (1330 or earlier; apparently only in plural). Compare amobreship n. Compare also mover n.2The Welsh legal term originally denoted a payment to a woman's lord in respect of a sexual relationship of any kind (resulting in the loss of virginity); it first appears in a pre-Conquest law code attributed to a 10th-cent. king, but only surviving in 13th-cent. and later manuscripts. In Anglo-Norman and Middle English use, the term was interpreted as referring specifically to marriage. Compare the following earlier example, although it is unclear whether this should be interpreted as showing the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word:1347 in M. C. B. Dawes Reg. Black Prince (1930) I. 59 [The maiden-fees] amobres [of Cantrefmaur and Kermerdyn]. In form amobresez perhaps reflecting a reinterpretation of the Anglo-Norman plural form as a singular. The Welsh plural is amobrau.
Feudal Law. Now historical.
In medieval Wales: a fee payable to a lord on the marriage of a woman of his demesne. Cf. merchet n.In quot. 1436 = amobreship n.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > payment or service to feudal superior > [noun] > on marriage of vassal
marriagea1325
amobr1436
maritage1570
amobrage1750
bed-geld1844
1436 in J. H. Fisher et al. Anthol. Chancery Eng. (1984) 244 Ye..haue graunted to your seide besecher þe office of a mobre in þe shires of Kermerdyn and Cardigan.
1463–5 Rolls of Parl.: Edward IV (Electronic ed.) Parl. Apr. 1463 §40. m. 28 That this present acte..extende not nor in eny wise be prejudiciall unto oure true servaunte Moris Gythur, of, to, or for eny graunte..ne to eny of the amobresez in the same countees to us in eny wise belonging.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Chevage Coke observes, there is still a kind of Chevage subsisting in Wales, call'd Amabyr; paid to the Prince of Wales for the Marriage of his Daughters.
1794 Literary & Biogr. Mag. May 375/2 He had..the same share of the amobr, on the marriage of any of their daughters.
1858 T. Salt (title) A concise account of ancient documents relating to..Clun in Shropshire, with..observations on the custom of amobyr formerly existing there.
1911 J. E. Lloyd Hist. Wales I. x. 354 Cott. MS. Titus D. II...records the customs of Gwynedd below Conway (e.g., as to the amount of the amobyr payable [etc.]).
2003 J. Cartwright in A. Bernau et al. Medieval Virginities 59 In the case of sexual promiscuity, amobr appears to have been extracted from the girl's family until she was declared a prostitute.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1436
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