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单词 ammonite
释义

ammoniten.

/ˈæmənaɪt/
Etymology: < modern Latin ammōnītes (after ætītes , asphaltītes , etc.: see -ite suffix1), < by Bruguière on the medieval Latin name Cornu Ammonis ‘Ammon's horn,’ given to these fossils from their resemblance to the involuted horn of Jupiter Ammon. At first used as Latin, with plural Ammonitæ.
1. A fossil genus of Cephalopods, consisting of whorled chambered shells, containing many species; once supposed to be coiled snakes petrified, and hence called Snake-stones. (Scott Marmion ii. xiii.)
ΚΠ
1759 Philos. Trans. 1758 (Royal Soc.) 50 786 In this rock..the Ammonitæ, or Snake-stones, as they are commonly called, are found.
1798 tr. J. F. G. de la Pérouse Voy. round World III. 299 A very close analogy between the ammonite and nautilus.
1816 W. Smith Strata Identified 1 The Muscles and Ammonites found in Ironstone.
1847 Tennyson Princess Prol. 15 Huge Ammonites, and the first bones of Time.
1854 H. Miller Schools & Schoolmasters viii. 77 In a nodular mass of bluish-gray limestone..I laid open my first-found ammonite.
2. Formerly used for ammites n., i.e. oolite. Obs.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > limestone > oolite
spawn-stone1668
ammonite1706
ammites1750
kern-stone1753
marlstone1766
oolite1802
roestone1804
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (ed. 6) Ammonites, a sort of stone call'd the lesser Spawn-stone.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Ammites is the same with what is otherwise called Ammonites.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1884; most recently modified version published online September 2012).

Ammoniteadj.n.1

Brit. /ˈamənʌɪt/, U.S. /ˈæməˌnaɪt/
Forms: Middle English Amanythen (plural), Middle English Ammonytees (plural), Middle English Ammonytes (plural), Middle English Amonit, Middle English Amonite, Middle English Amonyte, 1500s Amonytys (plural), 1500s–1600s Ammanite, 1500s–1700s 1900s– Ammonite.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin Ammonita (Vetus Latina, Vulgate) < Ammon , the name (in Latin) of the son of Lot and founding father of the Ammonites (Vulgate; ultimately < Hebrew ʿAmmōn : see below) + -ita -ite suffix1.Specific forms. The four-syllable plural form Ammonytees is perhaps after the post-classical Latin plural Ammonites. It is unclear whether the plural form Ammonytes represents a pronunciation with three syllables or four. In the plural form Amanythen in the Wycliffite Bible translating Ammaniten , feminine accusative singular of post-classical Latin Ammanitis (adjective), in the Vulgate (2 Maccabees 4:26). Ulterior etymology of the Latin name. Hebrew ʿAmmōn is only attested in the sense ‘the Ammonites collectively’. The Hebrew name of the biblical patriarch and son of Lot is Ben-ʿAmmī , which is folk-etymologically associated (Genesis 19:38) with ʿam ‘paternal relative’ and explained as ‘son of my (paternal) kindred’, with reference to his origin in an incestuous union of Lot and one of his daughters. Earlier borrowing. With use as noun compare Old English Ammonitare , accusative plural, and Old English Amonitiscra , genitive plural (compare -ish suffix1), both translating Latin Ammonitarum , genitive plural, in the Vulgate (Genesis 19:38). Compare further Ammonisc of or relating to Ammon (compare -ish suffix1), also used in the plural as an ethnonym.
A. adj.
Of or relating to Ammon, an ancient Middle Eastern kingdom east of the River Jordan, or its inhabitants.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > ancient peoples of the Middle East and Asia Minor > [adjective]
MidianitishOE
MoabitishOE
Ammonitea1325
Moabitea1325
Amalekitea1382
Midianitea1382
Amorite1530
Scythian1567
Philistian1569
Sabaeana1586
Scythian-likea1599
Nabatean1614
Philistean1623
Scythic1623
Chaldean1732
Alarodian1737
Philistinian1773
Judahite1797
Philistine1842
Moabitic1851
Himyaritic1854
Akkadian1856
Scythized1861
Cimmerian1862
Idumaean1863
Himyaric1864
Hittite1871
Kassite1894
Hattian1908
Khaldian1908
Kenite1911
Hattic1913
Ephthalite1920
Subarian1923
Hurrian1928
Gutian1929
Saka1958
Luvian1963
Urartian1965
Eblaite1976
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1158 Ðe firste him bar moab ðat sune, Of him beð folc moab it [read moabit] wune. Ðe lesse him bar a sune amon, Amonit folces fader on.
1620 tr. J. Floyd God & King 129 Arioch the Ammonite Prince could tell Holofernes out of experience, that his power and force would not be able to subdue the Iewes.
1838 tr. J. P. Schabalie Pilgrim Soul 145 Afterwards the combined armies of several heathen people took the field under Timotheus, an Ammonite general, and of great renown in war.
2004 Global May 58/2 Built on the site of the former Ammonite capital of Rabbath-Ammon of 1200BC, it was later rebuilt and renamed by the Greco-Romans as the city of Philadelphia.
B. n.1
A member of a Semitic people living in Ammon.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > ancient peoples of the Middle East and Asia Minor > [noun] > person
Idumaeanc897
PhilistineeOE
PhilisteeOE
Philistianc1375
Midianitea1382
Moabitea1382
Chaldee1382
Scytha1387
Ammonitea1393
Alana1450
Amorite1530
Kenite1535
Scythian1543
Nabatean1555
Illyrian1584
Sabaean1607
Hittite1608
Homerite1613
White Hun1653
Judahite1708
Alarodian1709
Cimmerian1797
Thamudite1833
Himyarite1842
Akkadian1857
Saka1880
Ephthalite1882
Kassite1888
Hurrian1911
Hattian1914
Tarsian1914
Subarian1923
Gutian1928
Urartian1934
Nesite1949
Luvian1961
Eblaite1976
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 4507 An other Amonyte also With love him hath assoted so.
1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. iv. 48 The noble knyghtes Ioab and Abysay that fought agaynst the syryens and Amonytes.
1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iv. vii. 132 This idol was held in Coparcenary betwixt them, and the Ammonites.
a1727 Sir I. Newton Chronol. Amended (1728) i. 96 David vanquished the Ammonites.
1849 R. S. Storrs in W. B. Sprague Women Old & New Test. 225 While his army is at a distance, besieging Rabbah, the river-encircled capital of the Ammonites, he is idling at home in luxurious ease.
2008 Church Times 7 Nov. 17/1 The contemporaries of the prophet Amos were confidently awaiting..the day when God would crush their ancient enemies—the Edomites, the Ammonites, the Moabites, and the rest.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1706adj.n.1a1325
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