dulce et decorum estn.phr.

Brit.

/ˌdʌlsɪ ɛt dᵻˌkɔːrəm ˈɛst/,

/ˌdʊlkeɪ ɛt dɛˌkɔːrʊm ˈɛst/, U.S.

/ˌdəlsi ɛt dəˌkɔrəm ˈɛst/,

/ˌdʊlkeɪ ɛt dɛˌkɔrʊm ˈɛst/

Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: Latin dulce et decōrum est prō patriā morī.

Etymology: Short for classical Latin dulce et decōrum est prō patriā morī, lit. ‘it is sweet and fitting to die for one's country’ (Horace's Odes 3. 2. 13) < dulce , neuter of dulcis sweet (see dulce adj.) + et and + decōrum , neuter of decōrus fitting (see decorous adj.) + est , 3rd singular present indicative of esse to be (see be v.) + prō on behalf of (see pro prep.) + patriā , ablative of patria patria n. + morī to die (see morient adj.). The line was formerly often used in epitaphs on soldiers' gravestones and in newspaper announcements of soldiers' deaths. It is now perhaps best known from being quoted ironically in Wilfred Owen's poem Dulce et Decorum est:a1918 W. Owen Dulce et Decorum Est in Compl. Poems & Fragments (1983) I. 140 My friend, you would not tell with such high zest To children ardent for some desperate glory, The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est Pro patria mori.

A. n.

The belief or ideology that to die in battle for one's country is glorious or noble; = dulce et decorum n.

ΚΠ

1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks I. ii. 102 He that wou'd frankly serve his Friend, or Country, at the expence even of his Life, might do it on fair Terms. Dulce et decorum est was his sole Reason.

1900 Academy 20 Jan. 46/2 Mr. Alfred Austin..has been putting forward the confident assertion that ‘Who dies for England sleeps with God’. To this it has been objected that England has no special monopoly in the dulce et decorum est.

1967 Ramparts July 59/1 Beneath the manly battle ethic and the stultifying rhetoric about dulce et decorum est, there is little more than an admission of personal defeat.

2007 World Lit. Today 81 23/2 The stories..mock the ‘dulce et decorum est’ of war and its official narration.

B. phr.

‘It is sweet and fitting’ (with ‘to die for one's country’ implied). Used to assert (now frequently ironically) that to give one's life in this way is glorious or noble.In later use frequently with direct allusion to Wilfred Owen's First World War poem Dulce et Decorum est (a1918), in which he satirically quotes Horace; see etymology.

ΚΠ

1863 Macmillan's Mag. Sept. 409/1 Ah! well—dulce et decorum est—they sleep well who, with their feet to the foe, die for England.

1886 F. B. Jevons Hist. Greek Lit. ii. i. ii. 311 They fought well, and he tells the tale well, and we are the better for the fight and for the tale. Dulce et decorum est.

1904 A. Quiller-Couch Fort Amity i. 8 Dulce et decorum est—yes, to be sure; in a little while he would be facing death for his country; but he did not feel in the least like dying.

1979–80 Film Q. Winter 22/1 Dulce et decorum est: Berger takes Claude's place in the C-130's troop line bound for Vietnam, and ends up with a military grave.

1989 Independent (Nexis) 11 Mar. There may still be individuals..who seek a glorious death on the battlefield; and politicians who peddle the old lie, ‘dulce et decorum est’; and gung-ho commanders with more gold braid than brains.

2010 M. Robinson Absence of Mind ii. 69 Why war? Dulce et decorum est. Why altruism? It is more blessed to give than to receive.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	dulce et decorum est
释义	dulce et decorum estn.phr. Brit. /ˌdʌlsɪ ɛt dᵻˌkɔːrəm ˈɛst/, /ˌdʊlkeɪ ɛt dɛˌkɔːrʊm ˈɛst/, U.S. /ˌdəlsi ɛt dəˌkɔrəm ˈɛst/, /ˌdʊlkeɪ ɛt dɛˌkɔrʊm ˈɛst/ Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: Latin dulce et decōrum est prō patriā morī. Etymology: Short for classical Latin dulce et decōrum est prō patriā morī, lit. ‘it is sweet and fitting to die for one's country’ (Horace's Odes 3. 2. 13) < dulce , neuter of dulcis sweet (see dulce adj.) + et and + decōrum , neuter of decōrus fitting (see decorous adj.) + est , 3rd singular present indicative of esse to be (see be v.) + prō on behalf of (see pro prep.) + patriā , ablative of patria patria n. + morī to die (see morient adj.). The line was formerly often used in epitaphs on soldiers' gravestones and in newspaper announcements of soldiers' deaths. It is now perhaps best known from being quoted ironically in Wilfred Owen's poem Dulce et Decorum est:a1918 W. Owen Dulce et Decorum Est in Compl. Poems & Fragments (1983) I. 140 My friend, you would not tell with such high zest To children ardent for some desperate glory, The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est Pro patria mori. A. n. The belief or ideology that to die in battle for one's country is glorious or noble; = dulce et decorum n. ΚΠ 1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks I. ii. 102 He that wou'd frankly serve his Friend, or Country, at the expence even of his Life, might do it on fair Terms. Dulce et decorum est was his sole Reason. 1900 Academy 20 Jan. 46/2 Mr. Alfred Austin..has been putting forward the confident assertion that ‘Who dies for England sleeps with God’. To this it has been objected that England has no special monopoly in the dulce et decorum est. 1967 Ramparts July 59/1 Beneath the manly battle ethic and the stultifying rhetoric about dulce et decorum est, there is little more than an admission of personal defeat. 2007 World Lit. Today 81 23/2 The stories..mock the ‘dulce et decorum est’ of war and its official narration. B. phr. ‘It is sweet and fitting’ (with ‘to die for one's country’ implied). Used to assert (now frequently ironically) that to give one's life in this way is glorious or noble.In later use frequently with direct allusion to Wilfred Owen's First World War poem Dulce et Decorum est (a1918), in which he satirically quotes Horace; see etymology. ΚΠ 1863 Macmillan's Mag. Sept. 409/1 Ah! well—dulce et decorum est—they sleep well who, with their feet to the foe, die for England. 1886 F. B. Jevons Hist. Greek Lit. ii. i. ii. 311 They fought well, and he tells the tale well, and we are the better for the fight and for the tale. Dulce et decorum est. 1904 A. Quiller-Couch Fort Amity i. 8 Dulce et decorum est—yes, to be sure; in a little while he would be facing death for his country; but he did not feel in the least like dying. 1979–80 Film Q. Winter 22/1 Dulce et decorum est: Berger takes Claude's place in the C-130's troop line bound for Vietnam, and ends up with a military grave. 1989 Independent (Nexis) 11 Mar. There may still be individuals..who seek a glorious death on the battlefield; and politicians who peddle the old lie, ‘dulce et decorum est’; and gung-ho commanders with more gold braid than brains. 2010 M. Robinson Absence of Mind ii. 69 Why war? Dulce et decorum est. Why altruism? It is more blessed to give than to receive. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.phr.1711
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