dowern.²

Brit.

/ˈdaʊə/, U.S.

/ˈdaʊər/

Forms: Middle English–1500s dowaire, dowayr(e, dowere, Middle English dowar, dowyer, 1500s douare, dore, doore, 1500s–1600s dowr(e, Middle English– dower.

Etymology: < Old French douaire, doaire, douayre, < late Latin dōtārium (Du Cange), < Latin dōt-em dower, dōtāre to endow.

1. The portion of a deceased husband's estate which the law allows to his widow for her life. tenant in dower, the widow who thus holds land. †lady of dower, dowager lady.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > widow or widower > [noun] > widow > types of widow > widow with share of husband's property

lady of dower1439

doweress1519

dowager1530

dowrier1551

tercerc1575

jointress1604

jointuressa1693

dowee1865

douairière1869

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > widow or widower > [noun] > widow > types of widow > widow with share of husband's property > widow's share of property

dowryc1330

free benchc1436

dower1439

jointure1451

terce1473

mordell1552

terce land1552

widow right1569

free bank1606

widowhooda1616

widow's bench1673

widow's chamber1680

widow's terce1684

dower-land1769

jointure-house1785

bench1795

dower-house1862

society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > right to succeed to title, position, or estate > succession > [noun] > descent by inheritance > that which is inherited > widow's inheritance

dowryc1330

third1396

free benchc1436

dower1439

terce1473

maritagec1503

mordell1552

terce land1552

widow right1569

frank bank1598

free bank1606

widowhooda1616

widow's bench1673

widow's terce1684

1292 Britton i. vi. §5 Et voloms qe les femmes as felouns ne tiegnent nule terre en dowayre de nul tenement qe lour fust assignee par teus barouns.]

1439 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 115 Her part and dowyer of my godes.

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur v. xii The kyng..assigned certayn rentes for the dower of the duchesse & for her children.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cclxix. 399 He was before the castell of Perides, where as the Lady of Dowaire was.

1528 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1884) V. 267 To Margarete, my wif, hir hoole dore of all my landes.

1629 Vse of Law 72 in J. Doddridge Lawyers Light Yet hee was not such a Tenant as to be seized of the Land, so as his Wife could haue Dower.

1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. vii. 116 The wife of the tenant in tail shall have her dower, or thirds, of the estate-tail.

1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. vii. 129 Tenant in dower.

1879 ‘H. Stretton’ Through Needle's Eye II. 40 Of course it will be burdened by a dower of £500 a year to our mother.

a. The money or property which the wife brings to the husband; = dowry n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [noun] > dowry

moryeveOE

marriagea1325

dowing1382

dowerc1386

dowrya1400

marriage money1454

marriage good1478

tocher1496

dote1509

jointurea1513

portion1513

endowry1523

tocher-good1538

dowagea1552

marriage dowrya1616

wedding-dowera1616

marriage portion1616

portion money1625

fortune1702

dot1822

c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 751 Thilke dowere that ye broghten me Taak it agayn.

1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton G iv b Thou oughtest not to take a wyf ne to coueyte hyr for hyr dowayr.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. clxxij He offereth to take to wife, Elianor Quene Dowager of Portyngall, without any dower, yea, in hir kirtell.

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) v. iii. 329 Choose thou thy husband, and Ile pay thy dower .

1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. xiv. 376 She..offered to give Emily a dower.

1869 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. European Morals II. i. 83 Epaminondas was accustomed to ransom captives and collect dowers for poor girls.

†b. transferred. Money or value given by the man to his bride's relatives for her; = dowry n. 3. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [noun] > bride-price

dower1382

dowry?a1505

marriage paymenta1652

bride price1863

mohar1863

lobola1905

bride wealth1931

kiddushin1936

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xxxiv. 12 What thing ȝe ordeyne Y shal ȝyue; eche ȝe dower, and aske ȝe ȝiftis..oonly ȝyf ȝe to me this damesele to wijf.

1656 A. Cowley Davideis iii. 104 in Poems He..A double Dowre, two hundred Foreskins brought.

1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. ix. 180 From him I ask No dow'r, myself will such a dow'r bestow As never father on his child before.

3. figurative. Endowment; = dowry n. 4.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ability > [noun] > ability or talent > a talent or special ability

gifta1300

dowerc1375

dowryc1440

faculty1490

indument1527

dote1546

furniture1561

vein1568

talent1602

acquirement1607

enduement1609

endowmentc1610

genius1611

congruity1659

feeling1808

feel1891

c1375 Myrour of Lewed Men (Egerton 927) In thes four dowers sal thi body be sa parfit.

1413 Pilgr. Sowle (1483) v. iii. 94 Subtilite Clerte Inpassibilite and Agylyte ben cleped the dowerys of the body.

1599 J. Davies Nosce Teipsum Ded. sig. A3 The richest minde, Both by Arts purchase, and by Natures Dower.

1815 W. Wordsworth White Doe of Rylstone vii. 126 A mortal Song we frame, by dower Encouraged of celestial power.

1871 J. Miller Songs Italy (1878) 50 She was damned with the dower of beauty.

Compounds

dower-chest n. (a) = wedding-chest n. at wedding n. Compounds 2; (b) U.S. = hope chest n. at hope n.¹ Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > widow or widower > [noun] > widow > types of widow > widow with share of husband's property > container

dower-chest1881

1881 C. C. Harrison Woman's Handiwork Mod. Homes iii. 142 Carved dower-chests from Spain and Italy.

1921 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 19 Oct. 17/1 Carved Oak Dower Chest.

1922 Daily Tel. 12 June 20/1 Antique walnut cabinets, dower chest.

1925 N. Venner Imperfect Impostor iv There was an old oak dower chest, curiously carved.

1927 Daily Tel. 14 June 3/1 A fine old carved dower chest of the Henry VIII. period.

dower-house n.

ΘΚΠ

dowryc1330

free benchc1436

dower1439

jointure1451

terce1473

mordell1552

terce land1552

widow right1569

free bank1606

widowhooda1616

widow's bench1673

widow's chamber1680

widow's terce1684

dower-land1769

jointure-house1785

bench1795

dower-house1862

1862 H. Marryat One Year in Sweden II. 409 A dower-house built for Countess Christina.

1880 M. Oliphant He that will Not xxxviii There was a dower-house..to which perhaps it would be well for her to retire.

dower-land n.

ΘΚΠ

dowryc1330

free benchc1436

dower1439

jointure1451

terce1473

mordell1552

terce land1552

widow right1569

free bank1606

widowhooda1616

widow's bench1673

widow's chamber1680

widow's terce1684

dower-land1769

jointure-house1785

bench1795

dower-house1862

1769 G. Washington Diary 16 May (1925) I. 325 Rid over my dower Land in York.

1862 H. Marryat One Year in Sweden I. 418 The dower-lands of the Princess Mary.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

dowerv.

Brit.

/ˈdaʊə/, U.S.

/ˈdaʊər/

Etymology: < dower n.²

a. transitive. To give a dowry to; to endow.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [verb (transitive)] > give as dowry > give dowry to

endow1528–30

dote1560

tochera1578

dowry1588

endower1606

dowera1616

indotate1647

portion1836

fortune1838

dot1887

a1616 W. Shakespeare King Lear (1623) i. i. 203 Will you..Dow'rd with our curse..Take her?

1846 E. Bulwer-Lytton Lucretia I. i. i. 68 When she marries, I will dower her.

1883 S. C. Hall Retrospect Long Life II. 266 Amply dowered..her suitors were doubtless many.

b. To give as a dower or dowry.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [verb (transitive)] > give as dowry

endow1477

dower1814

1814 Ld. Byron Let. 15 Oct. (1975) IV. 208 Part of them are settled on her; but whether that will be dowered now, I do not know.

2. To endow or furnish with any ‘gift’, talent or power of mind or body.

ΚΠ

1793 R. Southey Triumph of Woman 46 Three youths whom Nature dower'd with every grace.

1830 Ld. Tennyson Poet i The poet..Dower'd with the hate of hate, the scorn of scorn.

1884 Daily News 7 Feb. 3/2 The volcanic peaks..were dowered with soft reds and deep purples.

3. intransitive. To take or receive dower.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [verb (intransitive)] > take or receive dower

dower1848

1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon 196/2 The widow cannot dower out of estates of joint-tenants, because of the right of survivorship.

1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon 196/2 She may dower out of the same [land].

Derivatives

ˈdowered adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > widow or widower > [adjective] > widowed > having share of husband's property

dowereda1756

jointured1766

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [adjective] > of or relating to dowry > possessing a dowry

portioned1632

tochered1728

dowereda1756

well-dowered1772

a1756 West Phineus (Seager) I led Your dower'd sister to my spousal bed.

1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel I. iii. 60 Taking a pretty, well-dowered English lady.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	dower
释义	† dowern.¹ Forms: Also dover, douwere, douwir, dwer, duer. Etymology: Compare Old French douvre, variant of douve ditch, dyke, ‘caverne que les habitants des bords de la Loire creusent dans le roc pour s'y loger.’ Obsolete. A burrow (of rabbits, or the like). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by habitat > habitat > [noun] > dwelling place or shelter > burrow holec950 burrowa1375 dowera1398 earthc1450 anglec1720 pipe1738 tunnel1873 pig-hole1928 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. lxviii. 1221 Conynges ben ycleped parui lepores ‘smale hares’..and maken hem dowers and dennes vnder erþe. c1420 Pallad. on Husb. iv. 654 Outher in gourdis grene Make euery fige a douer in to crepe. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 128/2 Dower yn the erthe (dovwere, H. douwir, P.), cuniculus. c1490 Promptorium Parvulorum 135/2 (MS. H) Dowere, or deen. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2021). dowern.² Brit. /ˈdaʊə/, U.S. /ˈdaʊər/ Forms: Middle English–1500s dowaire, dowayr(e, dowere, Middle English dowar, dowyer, 1500s douare, dore, doore, 1500s–1600s dowr(e, Middle English– dower. Etymology: < Old French douaire, doaire, douayre, < late Latin dōtārium (Du Cange), < Latin dōt-em dower, dōtāre to endow. 1. The portion of a deceased husband's estate which the law allows to his widow for her life. tenant in dower, the widow who thus holds land. †lady of dower, dowager lady. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > widow or widower > [noun] > widow > types of widow > widow with share of husband's property lady of dower1439 doweress1519 dowager1530 dowrier1551 tercerc1575 jointress1604 jointuressa1693 dowee1865 douairière1869 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > widow or widower > [noun] > widow > types of widow > widow with share of husband's property > widow's share of property dowryc1330 free benchc1436 dower1439 jointure1451 terce1473 mordell1552 terce land1552 widow right1569 free bank1606 widowhooda1616 widow's bench1673 widow's chamber1680 widow's terce1684 dower-land1769 jointure-house1785 bench1795 dower-house1862 society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > right to succeed to title, position, or estate > succession > [noun] > descent by inheritance > that which is inherited > widow's inheritance dowryc1330 third1396 free benchc1436 dower1439 terce1473 maritagec1503 mordell1552 terce land1552 widow right1569 frank bank1598 free bank1606 widowhooda1616 widow's bench1673 widow's terce1684 1292 Britton i. vi. §5 Et voloms qe les femmes as felouns ne tiegnent nule terre en dowayre de nul tenement qe lour fust assignee par teus barouns.] 1439 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 115 Her part and dowyer of my godes. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur v. xii The kyng..assigned certayn rentes for the dower of the duchesse & for her children. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cclxix. 399 He was before the castell of Perides, where as the Lady of Dowaire was. 1528 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1884) V. 267 To Margarete, my wif, hir hoole dore of all my landes. 1629 Vse of Law 72 in J. Doddridge Lawyers Light Yet hee was not such a Tenant as to be seized of the Land, so as his Wife could haue Dower. 1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. vii. 116 The wife of the tenant in tail shall have her dower, or thirds, of the estate-tail. 1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. vii. 129 Tenant in dower. 1879 ‘H. Stretton’ Through Needle's Eye II. 40 Of course it will be burdened by a dower of £500 a year to our mother. 2. a. The money or property which the wife brings to the husband; = dowry n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [noun] > dowry moryeveOE marriagea1325 dowing1382 dowerc1386 dowrya1400 marriage money1454 marriage good1478 tocher1496 dote1509 jointurea1513 portion1513 endowry1523 tocher-good1538 dowagea1552 marriage dowrya1616 wedding-dowera1616 marriage portion1616 portion money1625 fortune1702 dot1822 c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 751 Thilke dowere that ye broghten me Taak it agayn. 1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton G iv b Thou oughtest not to take a wyf ne to coueyte hyr for hyr dowayr. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. clxxij He offereth to take to wife, Elianor Quene Dowager of Portyngall, without any dower, yea, in hir kirtell. a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) v. iii. 329 Choose thou thy husband, and Ile pay thy dower . View more context for this quotation 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. xiv. 376 She..offered to give Emily a dower. 1869 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. European Morals II. i. 83 Epaminondas was accustomed to ransom captives and collect dowers for poor girls. †b. transferred. Money or value given by the man to his bride's relatives for her; = dowry n. 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [noun] > bride-price dower1382 dowry?a1505 marriage paymenta1652 bride price1863 mohar1863 lobola1905 bride wealth1931 kiddushin1936 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xxxiv. 12 What thing ȝe ordeyne Y shal ȝyue; eche ȝe dower, and aske ȝe ȝiftis..oonly ȝyf ȝe to me this damesele to wijf. 1656 A. Cowley Davideis iii. 104 in Poems He..A double Dowre, two hundred Foreskins brought. 1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. ix. 180 From him I ask No dow'r, myself will such a dow'r bestow As never father on his child before. 3. figurative. Endowment; = dowry n. 4. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > [noun] > ability or talent > a talent or special ability gifta1300 dowerc1375 dowryc1440 faculty1490 indument1527 dote1546 furniture1561 vein1568 talent1602 acquirement1607 enduement1609 endowmentc1610 genius1611 congruity1659 feeling1808 feel1891 c1375 Myrour of Lewed Men (Egerton 927) In thes four dowers sal thi body be sa parfit. 1413 Pilgr. Sowle (1483) v. iii. 94 Subtilite Clerte Inpassibilite and Agylyte ben cleped the dowerys of the body. 1599 J. Davies Nosce Teipsum Ded. sig. A3 The richest minde, Both by Arts purchase, and by Natures Dower. 1815 W. Wordsworth White Doe of Rylstone vii. 126 A mortal Song we frame, by dower Encouraged of celestial power. 1871 J. Miller Songs Italy (1878) 50 She was damned with the dower of beauty. Compounds dower-chest n. (a) = wedding-chest n. at wedding n. Compounds 2; (b) U.S. = hope chest n. at hope n.¹ Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > widow or widower > [noun] > widow > types of widow > widow with share of husband's property > container dower-chest1881 1881 C. C. Harrison Woman's Handiwork Mod. Homes iii. 142 Carved dower-chests from Spain and Italy. 1921 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 19 Oct. 17/1 Carved Oak Dower Chest. 1922 Daily Tel. 12 June 20/1 Antique walnut cabinets, dower chest. 1925 N. Venner Imperfect Impostor iv There was an old oak dower chest, curiously carved. 1927 Daily Tel. 14 June 3/1 A fine old carved dower chest of the Henry VIII. period. dower-house n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > widow or widower > [noun] > widow > types of widow > widow with share of husband's property > widow's share of property dowryc1330 free benchc1436 dower1439 jointure1451 terce1473 mordell1552 terce land1552 widow right1569 free bank1606 widowhooda1616 widow's bench1673 widow's chamber1680 widow's terce1684 dower-land1769 jointure-house1785 bench1795 dower-house1862 1862 H. Marryat One Year in Sweden II. 409 A dower-house built for Countess Christina. 1880 M. Oliphant He that will Not xxxviii There was a dower-house..to which perhaps it would be well for her to retire. dower-land n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > widow or widower > [noun] > widow > types of widow > widow with share of husband's property > widow's share of property dowryc1330 free benchc1436 dower1439 jointure1451 terce1473 mordell1552 terce land1552 widow right1569 free bank1606 widowhooda1616 widow's bench1673 widow's chamber1680 widow's terce1684 dower-land1769 jointure-house1785 bench1795 dower-house1862 1769 G. Washington Diary 16 May (1925) I. 325 Rid over my dower Land in York. 1862 H. Marryat One Year in Sweden I. 418 The dower-lands of the Princess Mary. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022). dowerv. Brit. /ˈdaʊə/, U.S. /ˈdaʊər/ Etymology: < dower n.² 1. a. transitive. To give a dowry to; to endow. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [verb (transitive)] > give as dowry > give dowry to endow1528–30 dote1560 tochera1578 dowry1588 endower1606 dowera1616 indotate1647 portion1836 fortune1838 dot1887 a1616 W. Shakespeare King Lear (1623) i. i. 203 Will you..Dow'rd with our curse..Take her? 1846 E. Bulwer-Lytton Lucretia I. i. i. 68 When she marries, I will dower her. 1883 S. C. Hall Retrospect Long Life II. 266 Amply dowered..her suitors were doubtless many. b. To give as a dower or dowry. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [verb (transitive)] > give as dowry endow1477 dower1814 1814 Ld. Byron Let. 15 Oct. (1975) IV. 208 Part of them are settled on her; but whether that will be dowered now, I do not know. 2. To endow or furnish with any ‘gift’, talent or power of mind or body. ΚΠ 1793 R. Southey Triumph of Woman 46 Three youths whom Nature dower'd with every grace. 1830 Ld. Tennyson Poet i The poet..Dower'd with the hate of hate, the scorn of scorn. 1884 Daily News 7 Feb. 3/2 The volcanic peaks..were dowered with soft reds and deep purples. 3. intransitive. To take or receive dower. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [verb (intransitive)] > take or receive dower dower1848 1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon 196/2 The widow cannot dower out of estates of joint-tenants, because of the right of survivorship. 1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon 196/2 She may dower out of the same [land]. Derivatives ˈdowered adj. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > widow or widower > [adjective] > widowed > having share of husband's property dowereda1756 jointured1766 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [adjective] > of or relating to dowry > possessing a dowry portioned1632 tochered1728 dowereda1756 well-dowered1772 a1756 West Phineus (Seager) I led Your dower'd sister to my spousal bed. 1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel I. iii. 60 Taking a pretty, well-dowered English lady. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹a1398n.²c1375v.a1616
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† dowern.1

dowern.2

Compounds

dowerv.

Derivatives

† dowern.¹

dowern.²