单词 | douth |
释义 | † douthn. Obsolete. 1. a. Virtue, excellence; nobility; power, wealth. Also in plural in same sense.In quot. lOE with reference to God as the embodiment of power: ‘might of all mights’. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [noun] > and nobility or magnificence douthOE nobilitya1387 splendour1604 heroicalness1647 OE Phoenix 454 He ælmessan earmum dæleð, dugeþa leasum. lOE Metrical Prayer (Julius A.ii) 44 Wealdend engla, ealra dugeþa duguð, drihten hælend. a1250 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Maidstone) (1955) 121 If it so tideþ, þat tu..in þin elde werldes wele woldest, þi duȝeþe gin þu delen þine dere frend hwiles þine daȝes duȝe. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2468 Þa wes þe duc dead, and Brennes hauede his duweðe. b. A good deed; benefit. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > graciousness > favour or grace > instance or act of douthOE wel-dedeOE gooddeedOE boonc1175 fordeedc1230 gracec1300 good turna1375 gratitude?a1513 gratuity1523 favour1605 vouchsafement1629 veniality1655 OE Cynewulf Crist II 601 Ðæt is þæs wyrðe þætte werþeode secgen dryhtne þonc duguða gehwylcre þe us sið ond ær simle gefremede þurh monigfealdra mægna geryno. OE Crist III 1408 Neorxnawonges wlite nyde sceoldes agiefan geomormod.., earg ond unrot, eallum bidæled dugeþum ond dreamum. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5206 Þa duȝeðe þe he us dude whilen. 2. A group of people; esp. an army or retinue.In Old English verse sometimes specifically denoting the older or more experienced among the group and in this use contrasted with youth (see quot. OE1); cf. sense 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > heroism > [noun] > host of noble warriors douthOE douzepersc1275 the Argive Seven1646 society > authority > subjection > service > servant > retainer or follower > [noun] > collective or retinue hirdc888 douthOE gingc1175 folkc1275 hirdfolcc1275 tail1297 meiniec1300 meiniec1300 routc1325 suitc1325 peoplec1330 leading1382 retinuea1387 repairc1390 retenancea1393 farneta1400 to-draughta1400 sembly14.. sequelc1420 manya1425 followingc1429 affinity?1435 family1438 train1489 estatec1500 port1545 retain1548 equipage1579 suite1579 attendancy1586 attendance1607 tendancea1616 sequacesa1660 cortège1679 OE Andreas (1932) 152 Todælan duguðe and geogoðe, werum to wiste ond to wilþege, fæges flæschoman. OE Exodus 91 Leode ongeton, duguð Israhela, þæt þær drihten cwom weroda drihten, wicsteal metan. lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 626 Se cining binnan xii monað wæs gefullod on Eastrum mid eallum his dugoðe. c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Bodl.) l. 25 Maximien..heiende heaðene maumez wið unimeað muchel hird & wið heh duheðe. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13977 Duȝeðe [c1300 Otho doȝeþe] gon sturien. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 61 Þat day doubble on þe dece watȝ þe douth serued. c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 2627 Sone as ser Darie þe deth of his douth sees. 3. Adulthood, maturity. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > adult > [noun] > adulthood or maturity full eldOE agec1275 douthc1275 full agec1390 maturitya1475 years?1532 just age1541 just years1541 consistencea1613 grown years1645 legal age1658 adultness1663 adultagea1670 muttonhood1841 adulthood1850 c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) l. 634 Lutle children..Boþ [read Doþ] alþat in hore ȝoeþe, Þat hi uorleteþ in hore duȝeþe. Compounds douth-give n. [ < douth n. + give n.1] liberality, munificence. ΚΠ OE Royal Charter: Æðelred II to Christ Church, Canterbury (Sawyer 914) in N. P. Brooks & S. E. Kelly Charters of Christ Church Canterbury, Pt. 2 (2013) 1024 Ic Wulfstan Lundeniscra manna bisceop mines hlafordes dugoðgife æfre geðwærige. douth-king n. the king of a nation. ΚΠ c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12954 Adun him ferde Beduer to his duȝeðe-kinge. douth-knight n. a retainer. ΚΠ c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5070 Þe king ȝeornde Cristin-dom & alle his duȝeþe-cnihtes [c1300 Otho his cnihtes]. douth-man n. a retainer. ΚΠ c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7019 Þe king wes swiðe bliðe..imong his duȝeðe monnen. douth-might n. (in plural) the members of one of the nine orders of the celestial hierarchy, usually equated with powers (power n.1 9b). ΚΠ OE Glosses to Lorica of Laidcenn (Harl. 585) in E. Pettit Anglo-Saxon Remedies, Charms, & Prayers (2001) I. 42 Archangelos, principatus et potestates, angelos : heahenglas, aldordomas & duguðmehte, ænglas. Derivatives douthly adv. virtuously, worthily. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > [adverb] wellOE douthlyc1275 thewedlya1400 virtuouslyc1400 morallya1540 virtually1539 mannerly1566 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8406 Þat heo maȝen Drihten duȝeðliche hærien. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < |
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