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单词 dole
释义

dolen.1

Brit. /dəʊl/, U.S. /doʊl/
Forms: Old English dál, Middle English dal(e, Middle English dol, Middle English–1500s dool(e, Middle English doylle, dooll, 1500s Scottish daill, 1500s–1600s doal(e, Middle English– dole.
Etymology: Old English dál , a parallel form to dǽl which gives deal n.1 In senses 5 – 7, used as noun of action < deal v. See also dale n.2
†1. The state of being divided; division. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1000 Ælfric Exodus viii. 23 Ic sette dal betwux þin folc & min folc.
c1275 Passion Our Lord 446 in Old Eng. Misc. 50 Hi nolden þer-of makie nones cunnes dol.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 23521 Þei are in onehede so in dole.
†2.
a. A part or division of a whole; a portion; = deal n.1 1. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun]
deala800
doleOE
endOE
lotlOE
partyc1300
parta1325
specec1330
portiona1387
piecec1400
proportion1443
parcellingc1449
faction1577
piecemeal1603
proportional1856
OE Guthlac A 54 Is þes middangeard dalum gedæled.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 47 Beo heo dal neominde of heofene riches blisse.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 8266 Siþþenn wass þe kinedom O fowwre daless dæledd.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 8 Þe latere dole of his saȝe limpeð to reclusen for þer beoð twa dalen to twa manere þet beoð of religiun.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 151 On four doles delen he Ðe ger.
a1400–50 Alexander 3844 As þai þe forthing-dole had of þe flode past.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 216 Þer he tynt þe tyþe dool of his tour ryche.
1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 44 Among those same hillocks, deuide them by doles.
b. Mining. A portion of ore: see quots.
ΚΠ
1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. Dole (Min.), a pile of ore for sale.
1874 J. H. Collins Princ. Metal Mining (1875) xvii. 112 The piles or ‘doles’ belonging to the different parties.
1880 M. A. Courtney W. Cornwall Words in M. A. Courtney & T. Q. Couch Gloss. Words Cornwall Dole, a parcel of copper ore; a share in a mine; mine dues. ‘What dole do you pay?’
†c. A portion of a common or undivided field; = dale n.2 1. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > common or unenclosed land > portion of
furlong12..
dalec1241
dole1523
flat1523
stintagea1642
stintinga1642
1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xxii. f. 41 They [meadows] ought to be well staked bytwene euery mannes dole.
1611 in Court Leet Rec. Manch. (1885) II. 263 One Barne and a doale of Lande.
1781 W. Marshall Minutes in Rural Econ. Norfolk (1787) II. 10 To cut and burn ant-hills off a dole belonging to his farm, upon a common.
d. A portion (conventionally fixed) for sale; a ‘lot’.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > merchandise > article(s) to be sold > [noun] > unit of goods for sale or lot
lota1666
dole1887
1887 Doncaster Tradesman's Advt. Bill We shall clear out several hundred doles of superior Wakefield Worsted at 91/ 2d and 111/ 2d per dole.
3. A part allotted or apportioned to one, or belonging to one by right; share, portion, lot. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > an allotted share, portion, or part > [noun]
dealc825
lotOE
dolea1225
partc1300
portion?1316
sort1382
parcelc1400
skiftc1400
pane1440
partagec1450
shift1461
skair1511
allotment1528
snapshare1538
share1539
slice1548
fee1573
snap1575
moiety1597
snatch1601
allotterya1616
proportiona1616
symbol1627
dealth1637
quantum1649
cavelc1650
snip1655
sortition1671
snack1683
quota1688
contingency1723
snick1723
contingent1728
whack1785
divvy1872
end1903
bite1925
a1225 St. Marher. 22 Ne schaltu habben wið me dale of heouene riche.
a1240 Ureisun 150 in Cott. Hom. 199 Þu schalt me a ueir dol of heoueriche blisse.
c1325 Chron. Eng. 414 in J. Ritson Anc. Eng. Metrical Romanceës (1802) II. 287 Made al Englond yhol Falle to ys oune dol.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 699 I..dyȝt drwry þer-inne, doole alþer-swettest.
1548 W. Forrest Pleasaunt Poesye 649 in T. Starkey Eng. in Reign King Henry VIII (1878) i. p. xcix O Nobul Kynge, belongethe to youre doale [rhyme soale].
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) ii. iii. 170 What great creation, and what dole of honour Flies where you bid it. View more context for this quotation
1676 M. Hale Contempl. Moral & Divine i. 272 Our measure and dole is given unto us.
1872 Ld. Tennyson Last Tournament in Gareth & Lynette 124 Hath not our great Queen My dole of beauty trebled?
4. Portion or lot (in life); fate, destiny: chiefly in proverbial phrase happy man be his dole. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > occurrence > future events > [noun] > destiny or fate
whatec1200
gracec1325
destiny1340
portionc1350
sortc1405
weird1508
dolec1520
foredoom1563
fate1667
destinate1675
fatality1699
kismet1849
ultimatum1861
foredestiny1872
ming1937
c1520 Parl. Byrdes (de Worde) sig. A.iv I wolde the hawke brake his necke Or [were] brought in to myscheuous dale [rhyme tale].
1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue i. iii. sig. Aivv Happy man, happy dole.
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. ii. 74 Happie man bee his dole, say I, euerie man to his businesse. View more context for this quotation
1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. iii. 211 Let us that are unhurt and whole Fall on, and happy Man be's dole.
1803 W. S. Rose tr. Amadis de Gaule 99 Death be his dole who worst maintains the strife.
1838 R. Southey Doctor V. 147 Happy man would be his dole who when he had made up his mind [etc.].
5.
a. Dealing out or distribution of gifts; esp. of food or money given in charity.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > [noun]
dolec1275
dealing1377
distribution1382
dispensationa1387
spreading1601
dispensing1608
distributing1663
participation1755
doling1876
handout1913
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9803 Six cnihtes..gan to þas kinges dale [c1300 Otho dole] swulc heo weoren vn-hale.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (1724) 165 Messagers in pouere monne wede, Þat at doles in þe court her mete myd oþere bede.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 375 Of the ouer plus make doole to othere.
1627 R. Sanderson Ten Serm. 104 The Gifts here spoken of are distributed as it were by doale.
1659 J. Milton Considerations touching Hirelings 152 As he dispences it in his sundays dole.
1751 S. Whatley England's Gazetteer at Stretham It has a ch. sc. and a dole every Sunday, of 21 two-penny loaves.
1878 R. Browning La Saisiaz 59 Pleasures stinted in the dole.
†b. Dealing, distribution, delivery (of blows, death). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > [noun] > giving out
utterancec1475
dolea1525
a1525 Sir Beues (1885) 48 (note) Al they sayde, seke and hole, That they had ben at Beuys dole.
1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1321/1 They..fought couragiouslie, as if the Greeks and Troians had dealt their deadlie dole.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 (1623) i. i. 168 That in the dole of blowes, your Son might drop.
a1625 J. Fletcher Island Princesse iv. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ooo4/1 Dealing large doles of death.
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes Omissa 102 What if..He now be dealing dole among his foes..? View more context for this quotation
6.
a. That which is distributed or doled out; esp. a gift of food or money made in charity; hence, a portion sparingly doled out; spec. (usually the dole); the popular name for the various kinds of weekly payments made from national and local funds to the unemployed since the war of 1914–18. (to be or go) on the dole: (to be or start being) in receipt of such unemployment relief; also transferred and figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > [noun] > that which is distributed or dealt out
dole1362
distributive1641
distribuend1874
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > grants and allowances > [noun] > state allowance > unemployment benefit
unemployment benefit1909
the dole1919
buroo1934
pineapple1937
rocking-chair money1938
susso1941
unemployment1976
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. iii. 63 Whon ȝe ȝiuen doles.
1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. (1482) ccxlvi. 311 A dole to poure peple of vi shyllynges viii pens to be delyd peny mele.
1566 R. Mighells in Suckling Suffolk (1847) 86 There was tythe of fysche called Christs dole, paid in this manner: vidlt, of every fisher boat going to the sea, half a dole.
1631 R. Bolton Instr. Right Comf. Affl. Consciences 379 Rich men..cast into the Treasury large Doles, and royall offerings.
1793 E. Burke Remarks Policy Allies in Wks. (1823) VII. 136 At Paris..the bread they buy is a daily dole.
1856 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire IV. xl. 522 Recipients of the ordinary dole of grain.
1894 Times (Weekly ed.) 19 Jan. 59/4 Not a penny of it was distributed until November 1, and then only in doles and driblets.
1919 Daily Mail 11 June 8/4 You won't draw your out-of-work dole of 29s. this week.
1923 L. A. Harker Master & Maid (new ed.) xx. 265 If only I'd danced an Irish jig I believe I could have got the whole of them to increase the dole.
1925 Westm. Gaz. 26 Mar. 3,000 Aliens on the Dole.
1928 Britain's Industr. Future (Liberal Industr. Inq.) 277 To speak of Unemployment Benefit as ‘the dole’ is to misrepresent the facts.
1933 W. Greenwood (title) Love on the dole. A tale of the two cities.
1937 Daily Herald 21 Jan. 4/2 Beef producers must not consider themselves as ‘on the dole for ever’, but must use the assistance to reorganise the industry.
1955 Times 29 July 5/6 The nation was on the dole, and had been for 10 years.
†b. Reward given to hounds. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > [noun] > reward for hounds
rightc1330
fee14..
hallowc1420
rewardc1425
curryc1500
quarre1562
dole1575
1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie xlv. 144 The hounds muste be rewarded with the bowels, the bloud, and the feete..it is not called a rewarde but a dole.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 187/2 Dole is the reward of a Roe-Buck, given to the Hounds.
c. transferred and figurative.
ΚΠ
1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 26 Who made you the busie Almoner to deale about this dole of laughter and reprehension?
1844 E. B. Browning Vision of Poets ccxvi, in Poems (1850) I. 232 Hand-service, to receive world's dole.
†7. Dealing, intercourse; = dale n.2 2. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > [noun]
conversationc1340
dolea1400
repairc1425
fellowshipc1450
frequentation?1520
communion1529
society1531
commerce1537
commercement1537
society1538
trade1555
intercourse1557
company1576
intercommunication1586
interdeal1591
entertain1602
consort1607
entregent1607
quarter1608
commercing1610
converse1610
trucka1625
congress1628
socialty1638
frequency1642
socialitya1649
socialness1727
intercommuniona1761
social life1812
dialogue1890
discourse1963
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 683 Þese beestis were so meke in dole Wiþouten hurtyng þei ȝeoden hole.
1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. 1 Pet. iii. f. viiii Yf bothe parties..refrayne from bodyly doale.
1561 in F. J. Furnivall Child-marriages, Divorces, & Ratifications Diocese Chester (1897) 9 He had neuer any Carnall dole with her.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
dole-bag n.
dole-beer n.
ΚΠ
1612 B. Jonson Alchemist i. i. sig. Bv Sell the dole-beere to Aqua-vitæ men. View more context for this quotation
dole bread n.
ΚΠ
1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator Pain d'aumosne, dole-bread.
a1652 R. Brome City Wit iv. iv. sig. E8v, in Five New Playes (1653) Five pound in dole bread.
dole-cup n.
ΚΠ
1834 A. E. Bray Warleigh I. xiv. 295 He..received the customary fee, and having drunk what was called a ‘dole cup’ of excellent waters, returned home.
dole-penny n.
ΚΠ
1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. viii. 314 This dole-penny is..given to all persons then residing in the parish.
dole-silver n.
ΚΠ
1579 Sc. Acts Jas. VI (1814) 169 (Jam.) All landis, annuellis, obitis, daill siluer, mailis, rentis, etc.
C2.
dole-cupboard n. (see quot. 19101).
ΚΠ
1910 Encycl. Brit. VII. 634/2 The livery cupboard..was often used in churches to contain the loaves of bread doled out to poor persons... They were then called dole cupboards.
1910 V. Tree Let. 9 Oct. in Castles in Air (1926) i. 37 I am rather inclined to sell our Dole cupboard we bought together.
dole-drawer n. one who receives the dole (sense 6a).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > one who does not work > [noun] > drawing benefit
dole-drawer1926
1926 Good Housek. July 188/2 Profiteers, dole-drawers and music-hall artists—in fact, the only people who have any money to-day.
1938 R. G. Collingwood Princ. Art xv. 333 An audience of wage-earners or dole-drawers.
dole-fish n. (see quot. 1641).
ΚΠ
1533–4 Act 25 Hen. VIII c. 4 §2 No..person..shall..bie any dole or dooles of any of the maryners of any of the seid shyppe or shippes, called the maryners Dole fysshe.
1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) f. 126 Dole-fish seemeth to bee those fishes which the fisher-men yeerly employed in the North seas, doe of custome receive for their allowance.
dole-land n. a piece of common land, moor, etc. in which various persons have portions indicated by landmarks, but not divided off.
ΚΠ
1805 W. Taylor in Ann. Rev. 3 57 The plots of field are often parcelled out like dole-lands in petty compartments.
dole-meadow n. = dole-land n.
ΚΠ
1717 Dict. Rusticum (ed. 2) Dole-Meadow, a Meadow wherein several Persons have a Share.
dole-moor n. = dole-land n.
ΚΠ
1826 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1827) II. 921 (heading) The marks for allotting dolmoors.
1826 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1827) II. 918 The two large pieces of common land called Dolemoors.
dole queue n. a queue of people waiting to collect unemployment benefit; frequently as a general symbol of unemployment.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > one who does not work > [noun] > drawing benefit > queue of
dole queue1972
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > grants and allowances > [noun] > state allowance > unemployment benefit > dole queue
dole queue1972
1972 Guardian 16 Feb. 14/5 The dole queues in the West Midlands.
1979 S. Wilson Greenish Man 22 In Eire, we can rely on young men..finding the patriot cause more attractive than the dole queue.
1985 Financial Times 21 Mar. i. 12/5 Pushing wage levels even further below the poverty line will do nothing to cut the dole queues.
dolesman n. a man who receives a dole.
ΚΠ
1881 Times 30 Mar. 11/4 The trustees, the dolesmen, and the doleswomen might be a small group of old faces well known to one another.
doles-woman n. a woman who receives a dole.
ΚΠ
1881 Times 30 Mar. 11/4 The trustees, the dolesmen, and the doleswomen might be a small group of old faces well known to one another.
dole-window n. a window at which doles were distributed.
ΚΠ
1859 J. H. Parker Some Acct. Domest. Archit. IV. vii. 214 In the hall..is a low side window, called a Dole window, formerly used for distributing alms.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

doledooldulen.2

Brit. /dəʊl/, /duːl/, U.S. /doʊl/
Forms: α. Middle English deol, del, (Middle English deil, Middle English diol, dyel), Middle English deel, dele, ( deyl(le); β. Middle English doel, (Middle English doell); Middle English dol, (Middle English doul, Middle English doll), Middle English–1800s dool, dole, (Middle English–1600s doole, 1500s doal(e, 1600s dowle); Middle English doil, Middle English doile, doyl, doyll, Middle English doylle; γ. Middle English duel, dul, Middle English–1800s dule, Middle English duyl, Middle English Scottish dwle, 1500s–1600s dulle, duill; 1500s deul, 1500s–1600s dewle, 1600s–1700s Scottish deule; δ. Middle English duyel, dueyl, deuel, 1500s–1600s dueil.
Etymology: < Old French doel (11th cent.), duel (12–14th centuries), deol, diol, dial, diel, del (13th cent.), dol, dul, deul (14th cent.), duil, dueil (16–17th centuries), < modern French deuil < late Latin dolium grief. The manifold forms of the Old French word are reflected in Middle English. The deol type, which first prevailed, and was at length reduced to dēl, became obsolete before 1500. The dōl, dole form survived in English till the 16th cent., and its normal representative in modern English is dool; but the word became to a great extent obsolete by 1600, and some of its modern revivers have preferred the Middle English spelling dole. It has always been retained in Scots, where it is now regularly /døːl/, /dyːl/, variously spelt dool, duil, dule; dule also occurred in English from 14th to 16th centuries, and is used in preference to dole or dool by some modern poets. In addition to these derivatives < Old French, the forms duyel, dueyl, deuel, dueil, imitating later French types, occur from Caxton onwards.
archaic and dialect.
1. Grief, sorrow, mental distress.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > [noun]
rueeOE
teeneOE
sorrowOE
gramec1000
sytec1175
ruthc1225
dolea1240
balec1275
sighinga1300
dolour13..
ermingc1300
heartbreakc1330
discomfortc1350
griefa1375
tristourc1380
desolation1382
sichinga1387
tristesse1390
compassiona1400
rueinga1400
smarta1400
displeasure14..
gremec1400
heavity14..
dillc1420
notea1425
discomforturec1450
dolefulnessc1450
wandremec1450
regratec1485
doleance1490
trista1510
mispleasance1532
pathologiesa1586
balefulness1590
drearing1591
distressedness1592
woenessa1600
desertion1694
ruesomeness1881
schmerz1887
α.
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 42/285 Ech man hadde deol þerof.
1307 Elegy Edw. I vii For del ne mihte he speke na more.
c1320 Cast. Love 110 Alas whiche sorewe and dyel ther wes!
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xxi. 306 And al hus issue sholden deye with deol.
c1420 Anturs of Arth. xxv Thenke quat..dele, that I inne duelle.
β. a1240 Wohunge in Cott. Hom. 285 Leue me vnderstonde þi dol and herteli to felen sum hwat of þe sorhe.c1320 Seuyn Sag. (W.) 2574 For doel therof amorewe he starf.c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 165 [She] felle R[ichard] to fote gretand, þat doole him nam.c1430 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (1544) i. i. 4 a Continual sorow, dread, dole.c1480 (a1400) St. Thomas Apostle 250 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 136 He vald..bryne þame syne in doile & va.a1500 (?c1450) Merlin v. 90 The quene dide wepe, as she that hadde grete doel.a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. viii. 81 Alas! for doylle we dy!1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Feb. 155 I..Am like for desperate doole to dye.1580 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David xliii. vi Why art thou, my soule, Cast down in such dole?a1605 Polwart Flyting with Montgomerie 526 Dryve, with doole, to death detestabill, This mad malitious monster miserabill.1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 894 To change Torment with ease, & soonest recompence Dole with delight. View more context for this quotation1776 C. Keith Farmer's Ha' 31 They banish hence a' care and dool.1820 W. Scott Monastery I. v. 180 The Kelpy has risen from the fathomless pool, He has lighted his candle of death and of dool.1850 E. B. Browning Poems (new ed.) II. 87 Earth's warm-beating joy and dole.γ. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 23975 Hir dule [Fairf. dole] ne ma i noght for-dill, Bot wit hir wepeing wepe i will.c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. xxvii. 93 The Dwle, þat þai had in þat Fycht.a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 71 The dulis that commonis dois sustene.a1627 A. Craig Pilgrime & Heremite (1631) sig. A2 Thy duill, her delight.a1850 D. G. Rossetti Dante & Circle (1874) ii. 287 I stand all day in fear and dule.δ. 1307 Elegy Edw. I i My song, Of duel that Deth hath diht us newe.1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 23 Wherof their king..hath had grete dueyl & sorowe.1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 156 Iason demened so grete a duyel & sorow.
2.
a. The expression of sorrow or grief; mourning, weeping, lamentation; chiefly in to make dole, to lament, mourn.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [noun]
carea1000
sorrowingOE
meaninga1200
moan?c1225
mourning?c1225
plaint?c1225
ruthc1225
weimerc1230
mean?c1250
sorrow?c1250
dolec1290
plainingc1300
woec1300
dolourc1320
mourna1350
waymentingc1350
penancec1380
complaintc1384
lamentationc1384
complainingc1385
moaninga1400
waiminga1400
waymenta1400
waymentationc1400
dillc1420
merourec1429
plainc1475
regratec1480
complainc1485
regretc1500
lamenting1513
doleance1524
deploration1533
deplorement1593
condolement1602
regreeting1606
imploration1607
pother1638
dolinga1668
moanification1827
dolence1861
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > weeping > [noun]
wopOE
reminga1200
weepingc1200
weepc1275
dolec1290
greetinga1300
greeta1325
grota1325
teara1340
tear1377
lachrymation?1530
gree?1567
waterworks1634
pipation1656
fletion1716
piping1779
ploration1828
blarting1898
α.
c1290 Beket 645 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 125 Þe deol þat thomas makede: no tounge telle ne may.
a1300 Fall & Passion 83 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 15 Who spekiþ of deil a-ȝe þat del . neuer such nas þer none.
c1350 Leg. Cath., Joachim & Anna 133 Gret diol made Anne for him.
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xx. 318 Þauh men maken muche deol in here angre, And beo inpacient in here penaunces.
c1420 Chron. Vilod. 774 For hurre deth he made gret deylle.
β. c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. II. 99 Jesus making dool in himsilf cam to þe sepulcre.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16762 + 97 Ilk a creature for his ded Made doyl on þer wise.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 10455 Þu blamys me for i mak dol.a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ii. 34 After the corse was made grete doel and wepynge.a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Fourth Bk. Aeneas (1554) iv. sig. Aivv Tyme of thy doole, thy spouse newe dead, I graunt. None myght thee moue.a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) i. ii. 121 Making such pittiful dole . View more context for this quotation1786 R. Burns Poems 234 O'er this grassy heap sing dool, And drap a tear.1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 206 She died. So that day there was dole in Astolat.γ. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 3785 Four sithes he ful a-doun y-sowe, & oþre dules made ynowe, & ofte cryede, ‘Alas!’c1425 Seven Sag. (P.) 710 For the dule he made ther-fore, The knyght hym selven he was for-lore.1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ii. i. 25 Thair langsum duile and murnyng.1546 in State Papers Henry VIII (1852) XI. 13 There was evensong song of our Lady, very freshely, to recompense the deul bifore.1563 T. Sackville in W. Baldwin et al. Myrrour for Magistrates (new ed.) Induct. xiv The deadly dewle, which she so sore dyd make, With dolefull voice.1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. f. 12 Dolefull voyce, redoubled with an Eccho of treble dule.δ. c1500 Melusine (1895) xxxiii. 234 He lefte & passed his deuel the best wyse that he coude.a1656 J. Ussher Ann. World (1688) vi. 95 Continual dueil, and mourning for him.
†b. clothes, habit, weeds of dole: mourning garments, = sense 5. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > for specific purpose > mourning
clothes, habit, weeds of dole1388
clothing of carea1400
blacka1425
mourning blacka1425
mourningc1450
weedsc1485
dolec1500
care-weed?1507
sables1603
wailing robesa1616
mournings1634
penitentials1679
dismals1748
weedery1908
the world > life > death > obsequies > formal or ceremonial mourning > [noun] > wearing of mourning garments > mourning garments
clothes, habit, weeds of dole1388
clothing of carea1400
sackclotha1400
mourningc1450
dolec1500
care-weed?1507
sables1603
mournings1634
1388 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) 2 Sam. xiv. 2 Be thou clothid with clooth of duyl [v.rr. deol, doel, deel, deyl].
c1460 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Laud) l. 10419 Clothis of dele [Trin. Cambr. deol] she did on thore.
1575 G. Fenton Golden Epist. f. 3v To weare attire of dule.
†3. Physical pain or suffering. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > [noun]
sorec825
acheeOE
wrakeOE
trayOE
woe?a1200
pinec1200
sorrowc1225
teenc1225
grievousness1303
dolec1320
balea1325
painc1330
warkingc1340
dolour?c1370
sufferance1422
offencea1425
angerc1440
sufferingc1450
penalty?1462
penality1496
grief1509
stress1533
sufferance1597
somatalgia1607
suffering1609
tort1632
miserya1825
c1320 Sir Beues 602 Þis is þe ferste dai of ȝoul, Þe god was boren wiþ outen doul.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2757 He for dul of þe dent diued to þe grounde.
4. That which excites sorrow, grief, or pity; a grievous or piteous thing; a grief, sorrow.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [noun]
sorrowOE
ail?c1225
scorpion?c1225
dolec1290
angera1325
anguishc1330
cupa1340
aggrievancea1400
discomfortc1405
afflictionc1429
sytec1440
pressurea1500
constraint1509
tenterhook1532
grief1535
annoying1566
troubler1567
griper1573
vexation1588
infliction1590
trouble1591
temptationc1595
load1600
torment1600
wringer1602
sorance1609
inflicting1611
brusha1616
freighta1631
woe-heart1637
ordeala1658
cut-up1782
unpleasure1792
iron maiden1870
mental cruelty1899
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 43/303 Þat deol it was to seo.
1413 Pilgr. Sowle (1483) iv. xxxviii. 63 Grete doel and pyte was hit to byholde.
c1430 Chev. Assigne 359 Hit was doole for to see ye sorowe yt he made.
c1450 Erle Tolous 801 Grete dele hyt was to see.
c1450 Cov. Myst. (1841) 47 Gret doyl it is to se this watyr so wyde!
a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 791 O' a' the num'rous human dools..Thou bear'st the gree.
†5. transferred. Clothing or trappings worn as a sign of mourning; ‘mourning’. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > for specific purpose > mourning
clothes, habit, weeds of dole1388
clothing of carea1400
blacka1425
mourning blacka1425
mourningc1450
weedsc1485
dolec1500
care-weed?1507
sables1603
wailing robesa1616
mournings1634
penitentials1679
dismals1748
weedery1908
the world > life > death > obsequies > formal or ceremonial mourning > [noun] > wearing of mourning garments > mourning garments
clothes, habit, weeds of dole1388
clothing of carea1400
sackclotha1400
mourningc1450
dolec1500
care-weed?1507
sables1603
mournings1634
c1500 Melusine (1895) xxxiv. 239 The kynge..fette the pucelle, and despoylled her of her dueyl & black clothing.
1599 Sickness & Death Philip II in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) II. 286 My body shall be borne by eight of my chiefest servants..all in dewle.
1636 in Macmillan's Mag. 46 80 A horsse in doole.
a1685 Funeral in Popish Times in H. Gilbert Queene Elizabethes Achademy (1869) i. 32 Sertayne gentlemen in Dowle.
1734 R. Keith Hist. Affairs Church & State Scotl. 207 (Jam.) To wear the deule for that day.
6. A funeral. Obsolete exc. dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > obsequies > [noun] > a funeral
mortuaryc1450
obsequya1500
funeral1513
dole1548
burying1681
black job1785
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxxxii The conduit & ordre of thisdolorous dole was commaunded to sir William Philip treasorer of the kynges houshold.
a1828 T. Bewick Howdy & Upgetting (1850) 13 ‘The spak o' the great Swire's deeth..and the number oh fwoak that went to his dhael.’
†7. A fanciful term for a company of doves. [ < their mournful cooing.] Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Columbiformes (pigeons, etc.) > [noun] > family Columbidae > dove > group of
dole1486
1486 Bk. St. Albans F vj b A Duell of Turtillis.

Compounds

Categories »
dole-cloth n. = dole-pall n.
Categories »
dole colour n.
dole habit n. (also dule habit) mourning clothes.
ΚΠ
?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 52 I drup with a ded luke in my dule habit.
c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. vi. xviii. f. 79/1 Arrayit in thair dule habit for doloure of thair husbandis.
dole-pall n. a funeral pall.
ΚΠ
1542 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories (1815) 103 (Jam.) Item, foure doule palis of blak clayth.
dole tree n. (also dule tree) ? a hanging-tree, a gibbet.
ΚΠ
1866 J. G. Edgar Runnymede xxxi. 178 The dule tree is your sure doom.
1881 R. L. Stevenson Virginibus Puerisque 165 The gibbets and dule trees of mediæval Europe.
dole weeds = dole habit n.
ΚΠ
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 73 Ȝoung Alexander was crownit King efter King Williame his Fader deceissit, and tuke on him the Dule Weid, and for his Saik delt Almous Deid.
1710 J. Wilson in Coll. Dying Testimonies (1806) 154 Then Zion got on her dool weed.
1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Dooalweeds, mourning attire.

Draft additions September 2018

dole dungeon n. poetic rare a place or situation of deep distress or sorrow; (contextually) spec. the earthly world and life as contrasted with heaven and heavenly bliss; cf. dungeon n. 5.Only in, or with direct reference to, the Middle English poem Pearl.
ΚΠ
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 1187 So wel is me in þys doel-doungoun, Þat þou art to þat Prynsez paye.
1977 Poetica (Tokyo) 8 12 At the end of Pearl.., the narrator is toppled from the height of ecstasy and thrown back into the dole-dungeon of this world.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

dolen.3

Etymology: < Latin dolus deceit, cunning, trickery, < Greek δόλος: compare French dol (16th cent.), Italian dolo, Spanish dolo.
†1. Guile, deceit, fraud. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > [noun]
swikec893
swikedomc893
dwalec950
braida1000
falsec1000
flerdc1000
swikelnessa1023
fakenOE
chuffingc1175
fikenungc1175
bipechingc1200
treachery?c1225
falseshipc1230
guilec1230
telingc1230
swikeheada1250
craftc1275
felony1297
wrench1297
deceitc1300
gabc1300
guiling13..
guilery1303
quaintisec1325
wrenk1338
beswiking1340
falsehood1340
abetc1350
wissing1357
wilec1374
faitery1377
faiting1377
tregetryc1380
fallacec1384
trainc1390
coverture1393
facrere1393
ficklenessc1397
falsagea1400
tregeta1400
abusionc1405
blearingc1405
deceptionc1430
mean?c1430
tricotc1430
obreption1465
fallacy1481
japery1496
gauderya1529
fallax1530
conveyance1531
legerdemain1532
dole1538
trompe1547
joukery1562
convoyance1578
forgery1582
abetment1586
outreaching1587
chicanery1589
falsery1594
falsity1603
fubbery1604
renaldry1612
supercherie1621
circumduction1623
fobbinga1627
dice-play1633
beguile1637
fallaxitya1641
ingannation1646
hocus1652
renardism1661
dodgerya1670
knapping1671
trap1681
joukery-pawkery1686
jugglery1699
take-in1772
tripotage1779
trickery1801
ruse1807
dupery1816
nailing1819
pawkery1820
hanky-panky1841
hokey-pokey1847
suck-in1856
phenakisma1863
skulduggery1867
sharp practice1869
dodginess1871
jiggery-pokery1893
flim-flammery1898
runaround1915
hanky1924
to give the go-around1925
Scandiknavery1927
the twist1933
hype1955
mamaguy1971
1538 Bp. J. Longland Serm. Good Frydaye sig. D Noo doole, noo fraude, noo gyle was euer found in his mouthe.
1612 H. Ainsworth Bk. Psalmes Englished with Annot. v. 7 Deceit, dole or guile.
1839 J. P. Kennedy Rob of Bowl (1860) xii. 127 What dole hath he done?
2. Scots Law. ‘The corrupt, malicious, or evil intention essential to the guilt of a crime’ (Bell).
ΚΠ
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) Under Dole are comprehended the vices and errors of the will, which are immediately productive of the criminal act, though not premeditated, but the effect of sudden passion. In this respect Dole differs from what the English law calls malice.
1764 J. Erskine Princ. Law Scotl. (ed. 3) iv. iv. 496 Every person who is capable of dole, to be also sufficiently qualified for making his defence in a criminal trial.
1795 W. Scott in J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Sir W. Scott (1837) I. vii. 230 To preclude all presumption of dole.
1880 J. Muirhead tr. Gaius Institutes iii. 259 He is held to have killed wrongfully to whose dole or fault death is attributable [L. cuius dolo aut culpa id acciderit].]
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

dolev.1

Forms: Also 1500s Scottish dale.
Etymology: < dole n.1
1. transitive. To give as a dole; to distribute by way of alms, or in charity.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social attitudes > philanthropy > [verb (transitive)] > give in charity
almonc1325
dole1465
benefaction1823
benefact1898
1465 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 317 The same day my mastyr toke to mastyr Perse Baxter, to dole for my lady in almesse, x. s.
1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie i. iv. sig. D4v If to the parrish pouertie, At his wisht death, be dol'd a halfe-penny.
a1641 J. Smyth Berkeley MSS (1883) I. 40 That daye shall bee doled to fifty poore men fifty loafes.
1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World II. 187 The officers appointed to dole out public charity.
1868 A. P. Stanley Hist. Mem. Westm. Abbey iii. 170 The bread and meat doled out to the poor of Westminster.
2. To give out in small quantities; to portion or parcel out in a sparing or niggardly manner.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > distribute or deal out [verb (transitive)] > sparingly or in small quantities
to scant out1573
handful1626
halfpennyworth1676
dole1749
peddle1786
morsel1855
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones V. xv. vi. 237 This Comfort..she doled out to him in daily Portions. View more context for this quotation
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 84 They accordingly doled out supplies to him very sparingly.
1886 J. R. Rees Pleasures of Book-worm v. 169 The critic..doles out a limited number of praises.
†3. To deal about, around, to distribute. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > distribute or deal out [verb (transitive)]
britteneOE
to-dealeOE
dealOE
britOE
setc1275
dispensec1374
dispendc1375
to-seta1387
dispone1429
disposec1430
sparple1435
demean1439
distributea1464
distribue1477
issuec1484
communy1530
to deal out1535
impart1545
disperse1555
retail1576
digest1578
deliver1626
to hand out1648
to dispose of1676
dispensate1701
dole1701
to give out1710
sling1860
to give away1889
to pass out1926
dish1934
1701 N. Rowe Ambitious Step-mother v. ii. 2799 Thy Arts That Dold about Destruction to our Enemies.
a1718 N. Rowe Wks. (1747) II. 293 And Plenty doles her various bounties round.
1766 Ld. Mansfield Speech against Suspend. Prerog. Compensations most liberally doled about to one another.

Derivatives

ˈdoling n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > [noun]
dolec1275
dealing1377
distribution1382
dispensationa1387
spreading1601
dispensing1608
distributing1663
participation1755
doling1876
handout1913
15.. Aberdeen Burgh Rec. I. 210 in J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. And viijs. and the daling of thair aill for the secund fault.
1876 J. Ruskin Fors Clavigera VI. lxi. 2 All this temporary doling and coaling is worse than useless.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

dolev.2

Forms: Also Middle English deol(e, Middle English–1500s dool(e, Scottish dule, 1600s duill.
Etymology: < Old French doleir, doloir, < modern French douloir < Latin dolēre to grieve. In the stem-accented forms the Old French verb had the same variety as dole n.2 (indicative present dueil, duels (deus), duelt (deut), dolons, dolez, duelent), whence the Middle English variant forms.
? Obsolete.
†1.
a. intransitive. To sorrow, grieve, mourn, lament. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > feel sorrow or grief [verb (intransitive)]
sorroweOE
sorryeOE
careOE
heavyOE
mournOE
rueOE
murkenOE
dole13..
likec1330
wailc1374
ensorrowc1384
gloppen?a1400
sytea1400
teena1400
grievec1400
angera1425
erme1481
yearna1500
aggrieve1559
discomfort?a1560
melancholyc1580
to eat one's (own) heart1590
repent1590
passion1598
sigh1642
13.. K. Alis. 2734 Alisaundres folk deoleth, y-wis, For the knyght that is y-slawe.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 64 I wente dolynge on the heeth, and wist not what to doo for sorowe.
?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 53 We wemen..We dule for na euill deid, sa it be derne haldin.
1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Niiiv/1 To Doole, sorow, dolere.
a1668 W. Davenant Play-house to be Let i, in Dram. Wks. (1873) IV. 27 Dismiss your doling, and let in your poet.
b. Used of the mournful cooing of doves.
ΚΠ
1848 W. E. Aytoun in Blackwood's Mag. 64 110 The throstle's song was silenced, And the doling of the dove.
1852 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 72 218 From the dark woods..you hear the doling of the cushats.
†2. transitive. To mourn, bewail. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief for [verb (transitive)]
sorroweOE
meaneOE
bemournOE
mournOE
bemoanc1000
ofthink?c1225
bequeatha1325
moana1325
plain1340
wail1362
bewailc1374
complainc1374
waymenta1400
grievec1400
sorrowa1425
regratec1480
lament1535
deplore1567
dole1567
condole1607
pine1667
rave1810
1567 G. Turberville Poems (Chalmers) II. 617/1 He full shrilly shright and doolde his wofull chaunce.
†3. To grieve. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > be sorry or grieved at [verb (transitive)] > sadden or grieve
rueOE
grieve?c1225
teen1340
moana1425
contrist1490
sadden1565
sad1578
ensorrow1593
contristate1616
tristitiate1628
dolea1637
endolour1884
a1637 B. Jonson Sad Shepherd ii. iii. 4 in Wks. (1640) III It duills mee that I am thy Mother! View more context for this quotation

Derivatives

ˈdoling n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [noun]
carea1000
sorrowingOE
meaninga1200
moan?c1225
mourning?c1225
plaint?c1225
ruthc1225
weimerc1230
mean?c1250
sorrow?c1250
dolec1290
plainingc1300
woec1300
dolourc1320
mourna1350
waymentingc1350
penancec1380
complaintc1384
lamentationc1384
complainingc1385
moaninga1400
waiminga1400
waymenta1400
waymentationc1400
dillc1420
merourec1429
plainc1475
regratec1480
complainc1485
regretc1500
lamenting1513
doleance1524
deploration1533
deplorement1593
condolement1602
regreeting1606
imploration1607
pother1638
dolinga1668
moanification1827
dolence1861
the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Columbiformes (pigeons, etc.) > [noun] > family Columbidae > dove > sound made by
cooing1695
coo1729
doling1848
roucoulement1853
a1668 [see sense 1a].
1814 L. Hunt Feast of Poets 2 There has been such a doling and sameness.
1848 [see sense 1b]. 1852 [see sense 1b].
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

dolev.3

Etymology: < French dole-r to chip, plane, etc. (12th cent.), spec. to pare and thin skins for gloves, < Latin dolāre to hew, plane.
Glove Manufacturing
transitive. To pare and thin (leather or skins).
ΚΠ
1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 16 May 4/1 The kid skin..after it has been unhaired, dressed, nourished, staked, soaked in egg yolk..dried, stained, stretched, ‘doled’, or pared, and cut into shape..is then punched.
1884 Internat. Health Exhib. Official Catal. 38 The doling or reducing the skin to an even substance.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online September 2019).

> see also

also refers to : dooldolen.1
<
n.1OEn.2a1240n.31538v.11465v.213..v.31884
see also
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