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单词 dismal
释义

dismaln.adj.

/ˈdɪzməl/
Forms: Middle English–1600s dismall, Middle English dis(e)male, Middle English dysmal, dysmel, dysmol, 1500s diesmoll, dismold(e, 1500s–1600s Scottish dismail, 1500s– dismal.
Etymology: Mentioned in 1256 as the English or Anglo-Norman name for French les mals jours: whence it appears to be Old French dis mal = Latin dies mali ( < diēs days, plural of diēs day (see diurnal adj. and n.) + mali, plural of malus evil) evil days, unlucky days. It was thus originally a substantive of collective meaning; when ‘day’ was added, making ‘dismal days’, (compare ‘summer days,’ ‘winter days’), its attributive use passed into an adjective, and, its original application being obscured, it was finally before 1600 extended < day, days, to be a general attribute. See Note.Note. As to the identity of dismal with Old French (= Anglo-Norman) dis mal < Latin dies mali , see Professor Skeat in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1888, p. 2. Already in 1617, Minsheu (whose own memory doubtless recalled the time when dismal was used only to qualify days) derived it from ‘Latin dies malus , en euill and vnhappie time’. Early corroborative evidence comes from Old French and Icelandic sources. (1) The Anglo-Norman Art de Kalender of Rauf de Linham, 1256 (manuscripts at Glasgow, Oxford, Cambridge; extracts printed by M. Paul Meyer in his official Rapport on Documents Manuscrits de l'ancienne littérature de la France, Paris 1871, pp. 127–9), has a passage of sixty lines on the Dies mali , beginning ‘Ore dirrai des jours denietz, Que vous dismal ( Bodley MS. dismol) appelletz’ [Now shall I tell of the forbidden days, Which you call dismal ], and further on ‘Dismal les appelent plusours, Ceo est a dire les mals jours’ [Dismal several call them, That is to say the evil days]. Here dismal is given as the equivalent of ‘mals jours’, evil days. (2) A short Icelandic treatise in a Copenhagen manuscript (Arna-Magnæan 350, written 1363, lf. 148 a), begins ‘Her greinir um dismala daga. Tueir ero þeir dagar i huerium manadi er at bokmali kallaz dies mali..enn þat þydiz illir dagar’ [Here tells of the dismal days. There are two days in every month that in the book-language (Latin) are called dies mali , and that is interpreted ‘evil days’]. The word dismal is not Norse, and must have been learned from England before 1363. In dismala daga , it is probably an adjective accusative plural, but may be a noun genitive plural, ‘days of the dismals’. Both the Anglo-Norman and the Icelandic treatises give a list of the dis mal or dies mali , identical with that given by various mediæval writers, and computable by the mnemonic distich given by Du Cange s.v. Dies Ægyptiaci: see sense A. 1.
A. n.
I. (The original use.)
1. The dies mali, evil, unlucky or unpropitious days, of the medieval calendar, called also dies Ægyptiaci, ‘Egipcian daies’ (see Egyptian adj. 1b); hence, by extension, Evil days (generally), days of disaster, gloom, or depression, the days of old age.The dies mali were Jan. 1, 25; Feb. 4, 26; March 1, 28; April 10, 20; May 3, 25; June 10, 16; July 13, 22; Aug. 1, 30; Sept. 3, 21; Oct. 3, 22; Nov. 5, 28; Dec. 7, 22. They are said to have been called ‘Egyptian days’ because first discovered or computed by Egyptian astrologers; though some medieval writers connected them with the plagues of ancient Egypt (cf. the Chaucer quot. c1369, where the word appears to be treated as Old French dis mal, ten evils, or plagues, plāgæ; see Prof. Skeat's note, Chaucer I. 493); some, still more fancifully, associated them with the gloom of ‘Egyptian’ darkness.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > [noun] > time of
dismalc1300
the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > time of > day or days
dismalc1300
Egyptian days1398
cross-days1555
dog day1555
c1300 Langtoft's Chron. (Rolls II. 258), Cambr. MS. Gg. I. i. (c1310) (Satirical Verses on Baliol) Begkot an bride, Rede him at ride In the dismale [rhyme liale].
c1369 G. Chaucer Bk. Duchesse 1206 I trowe hyt was in the dismalle, That was the .x. woundes of Egipte.
a1400 Pystyll of Susan 305 Þou hast I be presedent, þe peple to steere, Þou dotest now on þin olde tos in þe dismale [v.rr. in þin olde days, in þin elde].
c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 93 A waytiþ not þeis Egipcian daies, þat we call dysmal.
II. [Elliptical or absolute use of B.]
2. A dismal person.
a. The devil. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > a devil > the Devil or Satan > [noun]
devileOE
Beelzebubc950
the foul ghosteOE
SatanOE
warlockOE
SatanasOE
worsea1200
unwinea1225
wondc1250
quedea1275
pucka1300
serpenta1300
dragon1340
shrew1362
Apollyon1382
the god of this worldc1384
Mahoundc1400
leviathan1412
worsta1425
old enemyc1449
Ruffin1567
dismal1570
Plotcocka1578
the Wicked One1582
goodman1603
Mahu1603
foul thief1609
somebody1609
legiona1616
Lord of Flies1622
walliman1629
shaitan1638
Old Nicka1643
Nick1647
unsel?1675
old gentleman1681
old boy1692
the gentleman in black1693
deuce1694
Black Spy1699
the vicious one1713
worricow1719
Old Roger1725
Lord of the Flies1727
Simmie1728
Old Scratch1734
Old Harry1777
Old Poker1784
Auld Hornie1786
old (auld), ill thief1789
old one1790
little-good1821
Tom Walker1833
bogy1840
diabolarch1845
Old Ned1859
iniquity1899
1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Aiv/2 Ye Dismall, deuill, diabolus.
1603 Thre Prestis of Peblis (Charteris) (1920) 26 Neuer bot by the dysmel or the Deuil.
b. A funeral mute. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > obsequies > people involved in funeral > [noun] > mourner > hired or professional
weeper1412
saulie1621
blacka1625
mourner1631
wailer1647
dismal?1710
mute1741
keener1786
howler1844
moirologist1886
?1710 Squire Bickerstaff Detected 5 Away..into your Flanel Gear..here's a whole Pack of Dismals coming to you with their black Equipage.
3. ‘The designation of a mental disease, most probably, melancholy’ (Jamieson), hypochondria. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1605 A. Montgomerie Flyting with Polwart 315 The doit and the dismail, indifferentlie delt.
4. plural. Mourning garments. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > for specific purpose > mourning
clothes, habit, weeds of dole1388
clothing of carea1400
blacka1425
mourning blacka1425
mourningc1450
weedsc1485
dolec1500
care-weed?1507
sables1603
wailing robesa1616
mournings1634
penitentials1679
dismals1748
weedery1908
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VI. cxvii. 372 How would she have adorned the weeds!.. Such pretty employment in new dismals.
a1777 S. Foote Trip to Calais (1778) iii. 64 As my lady is deck'd out in her dismals, perhaps she may take a fancy to faint.
5. plural.
a. Low spirits, the dumps, the ‘blues’.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > fit of
gloominga1400
dumpa1535
mubble fubbles1589
mulligrubs1599
mumps1599
mood1609
blues1741
mopes1742
gloom1744
humdrums1757
dismals1764
horror1768
mournfuls1794
doldrum1811
doleful1822
glumps1825
jim-jams1896
katzenjammer1897
the sniffles1903
mopery1907
joes1916
woofits1918
cafard1924
jimmies1928
the blahs1969
downer1970
1764 S. Foote Lyar ii. 29 He..seems entirely wrapt up in the dismals.
1777 J. Adams in J. Adams & A. Adams Familiar Lett. (1876) 265 The spleen, the vapors, the dismals, the horrors seem to have seized our whole State.
1808 M. A. Lamb Let. 10 Dec. in Lett. C. & M. A. Lamb (1976) II. 286 When we are in the dismals there is now no hope of relief from any quarter whatsoever.
1836 F. Marryat Mr. Midshipman Easy III. vii. 129 He has frightened that poor old woman into the dismals.
1893 ‘E. Lyall’ To Right the Wrong I. 44 What business have you to indulge in a fit of the dismals on this gala-day?
b. plural. Expressions of gloom or despondency.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [noun] > instance or act of lamenting
moan?c1225
mean?c1250
bimena1325
lamentation1382
queryc1400
pinec1440
tragedy1536
lamentc1592
complaint?1606
conclamation1627
quiritation1634
throb1635
pathetic1667
dismals1774
jeremiad1780
complain1820
tangi1836
Jobism1855
wail1867
rune1922
vigil1956
1774 J. Adams in J. Adams & A. Adams Familiar Lett. (1876) 16 Their mutual reproaches, their declamations..their triumphs and defiances, their dismals and prophecies, are all delusion.
c. plural. Depressing circumstances, miseries.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > tribulation, trouble, or affliction > state of misery
wretchhead1154
uselldomc1175
wretchdom?c1225
yomernessc1250
wan-siðc1275
werea1300
wretchedheada1300
cursedness1303
wrechea1325
wretchnessa1330
wretchednessa1340
caitifty1340
miseryc1375
caitifhedea1400
languora1400
caitifnessc1400
deploration1490
caitifdoma1500
pitya1500
unkindness1502
woefulnessa1513
miserability1559
villainya1571
ungraciousness1578
miserableness1613
deplorableness1649
misère1791
dismals1829
unblessedness1836
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > depressing quality > depressing thing, person, or circumstances
cloudc1430
palla1450
melancholya1475
downdraughta1681
Job's comforter1738
damper1748
killjoy1776
wet blanket1810
down-drag1814
chill1821
dismals1829
shadow1855
down1856
a skeleton at the feast (or banquet)1857
wet blanket1857
depressor1868
dampener1887
sorry-go-round1898
wet smack1927
bringdown1935
droopy drawers1939
big chill1943
party pooper1947
misery1951
party poop1951
grinch1966
downer1969
1829 Sporting Mag. 24 107 Quitting the dismals, I must relate an amusing anecdote.
1865 Reader 25 Feb. 221/3 She harps upon the petty annoyances of her dreary poverty, and on other dismals of life.
6. A local name of dreary tracts of swampy land on the eastern sea-board of the United States, esp. in North Carolina.
ΚΠ
1763 G. Washington Writings (1889) II. 198 5 miles from the aforesaid mills, near to which the Dismal runs.
1812 H. Williams Hist. N. Carolina II. 180 Such are the Dismals, so called, and the other great swamps that are numerous in the flat country.
1856 F. L. Olmsted Journey Slave States 149 The ‘Great Dismal Swamp’, with the smaller ‘Dismals’..of the same character, along the North Carolina Coast.
B. adj. [originally attributive use of A.]
1. Of days: Of or belonging to the dies mali; unlucky, unpropitious. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [adjective] > inauspicious > of days
dismalc1420
c1420 J. Lydgate Story of Thebes (1561) iii. 370 a/1 Her disemale daies and her fatal houres.
c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn Prol. l. 650 So trewly for the Pardonere it was a dismol day.
1548 T. Cranmer Catechismus sig. Bvjv Other ther be that thinke, that when the Sonne, Moone, or any other planetes is in this or yt signe, it is an vnlucky thinge to enterpryse this or that, and vpon suche dismolde daies (as they call them) they wyll begyn no new enterprise.
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Dismall dayes, atri dies, dies Ægiptiaci.
1560 Bp. J. Pilkington Aggeus the Prophete i. sig. B viij b Why shall we then be bolde to call them euyll, infortunate, and dysmall days?.. Why shal they not prosper on those dayes, as well as on other?
1576 A. Fleming tr. Sulpicius in Panoplie Epist. 24 If she had now escaped her dismall daye: yet, doubtlesse..within a fewe yeares her life would have ended.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. vii. sig. S5 An vgly feend, more fowle then dismall day.
1608 Bp. J. Hall Characters Vertues & Vices ii. 88 If his iourney began..on the dismall day; or if hee stumbled at the threshold.
1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. 12 Hee..distinguisht the yeere into twelue months, & markt out which dayes were luckie, and which were dismall.
1738 T. Birch Life Milton in J. Milton Wks. I. 75 Before that dismal 30th of January that his Majesty's Life was taken away.]
2. Of other things: Boding or bringing misfortune and disaster; unlucky, sinister, malign, fatal.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [adjective] > inauspicious
perilousc1390
unlucky1519
unchancy1533
unhappy1533
infortunate1548
sinistrous?c1550
luckless1584
dismal1588
ominous1589
fatal1590
bad-bodinga1592
disastrous1598
inauspicious1599
black1604
naught1620
inauspicate1632
infaustous1656
infaust1658
ill-omened1685
black boding1743
wanchancy1768
oracular1820
inominous1832
widdershins1926
1588 R. Greene Perimedes sig. C Seest thou not a dismall influence, to inflict a dispairing chaos of confused mishaps.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) ii. vi. 58 Now death shall stop his dismall threatning sound, And his ill-boading tongue, no more shall speake. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iii. ii. 41 A Rauens Note, Whose dismall tune bereft my Vitall powres. View more context for this quotation
1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 139 Such like love..could not prove to her otherwise than dismall and unluckie.
1664 J. Dryden Rival Ladies v. iii. 65 It was that dismal Night Which tore my Anchor up.]
3. Of the nature of misfortune or disaster; disastrous, calamitous. (Now rare, and associated with sense B. 5)
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [adjective] > calamitous or disastrous
unholda1350
blacka1387
unhappyc1386
mischievousc1390
mischieffula1400
tragicalc1525
tragic1533
calamitous1545
mistempered1570
disadventurous1590
ominous1594
dismal1599
disastrous1601
ill-starredc1704
disventurousa1739
catastrophal1842
1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iv. iii. 19 My dismall sceane I needs must act alone. View more context for this quotation
1599 T. Moffett Silkewormes 37 A little dismall fire whole townes hath burnd, A little winde doth spread that dismall fire.
1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 188 Many dismall showres of Darts and stones.
1701 Acct. Life in T. Stanley Hist. Philos. (ed. 3) Introd. sig. d Epilepsies, Convulsions and other Dismal and Affrighting Distempers.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 418. ¶6 Torments, Wounds, Deaths, and the like dismal Accidents.
1777 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip II I. xii. 383 Involved in this dismal catastrophy.
1856 E. B. Browning Aurora Leigh v. 196 If this then be success, 'tis dismaller Than any failure.
4. Causing dismay; terrible, dreadful, dire. Now in weakened sense (associated with 5): Causing gloom or dejection, depressing, wretched, miserable.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [adjective]
eislichc888
eyesfulOE
awfulc1175
smarta1200
ferlya1225
sternc1275
grisea1300
uglya1300
dreadfula1325
fell?c1335
stout1338
perilousc1380
terriblec1400
ghastfulc1449
timorous1455
epouventable1477
bedreadc1485
dreadablec1490
dreadc1540
buggisha1555
dreaded1556
monster-like1561
dire1567
scareful1567
terrifying1577
scary1582
direful1583
affrighting1592
dismal1594
affrightful1603
diral1606
tirable1607
frighting1619
scaring1641
affrighteninga1651
formidolous1656
terrific1667
terrifical1677
atrocious1733
terrorful1789
orful1845
lurid1850
terrorsome1890
turble1893
timorsome1894
like the wrath of God1936
1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus iii. i. 260 Be this dismall sight The closing vp of our most wretched eies. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) v. v. 12 My Fell of haire Would at a dismall Treatise rowze, and stirre As life were in't. View more context for this quotation
1686 A. Horneck Crucified Jesus ii. 24 The Devil appeared unto him in a..most dismal shape.
1728 A. Pope Dunciad iii. 219 Dire is the conflict, dismal is the din.
1770 O. Goldsmith Deserted Village 204 Full well the busy whisper circling round Conveyed the dismal tidings when he frowned.
1819 W. Irving Sketch Bk. i. 17 The sight of this wreck..gave rise to many dismal anecdotes.
1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 460 These things when spoken to a multitude..take up a dismal length of time.
5.
a. Of a character or aspect that causes gloom and depression; depressingly dark, sombre, gloomy, dreary, or cheerless. Dismal Science, Carlyle's nickname for Political Economy. Great Dismal Swamp (U.S.): see A. 6.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective] > gloomy or depressing
darkOE
unmerryOE
deathlyc1225
dolefulc1275
elengec1275
dreicha1300
coolc1350
cloudyc1374
sada1375
colda1400
deadlya1400
joylessc1400
unjoyful?c1400
disconsolatea1413
mournfula1425
funeralc1425
uncheerfulc1449
dolent1489
dolesome1533
heavy-hearted1555
glum1558
ungladsome1558
black1562
pleasureless1567
dern1570
plaintive?1570
glummish1573
cheerless1575
comfortless1576
wintry1579
glummy1580
funebral1581
discouraging1584
dernful?1591
murk1596
recomfortless1596
sullen1597
amating1600
lugubrious1601
dusky1602
sable1603
funebrial1604
damping1607
mortifying1611
tearful?1611
uncouth1611
dulsome1613
luctual1613
dismal1617
winterous1617
unked1620
mopish1621
godforsaken?1623
uncheerly1627
funebrious1630
lugubrous1632
drearisome1633
unheartsome1637
feral1641
drear1645
darksome1649
sadding1649
saddening1650
disheartening1654
funebrous1654
luctiferous1656
mestifical1656
tristifical1656
sooty1657
dreary1667
tenebrose1677
clouded1682
tragicala1700
funereal1707
gloomy1710
sepulchrala1711
dumpishc1717
bleaka1719
depressive1727
lugubre1727
muzzy1728
dispiriting1733
uncheery1760
unconsolatory1760
unjolly1764
Decemberly1765
sombre1768
uncouthie1768
depressing1772
unmirthful1782
sombrous1789
disanimating1791
Decemberish1793
grey1794
uncheering1796
ungenial1796
uncomforting1798
disencouraginga1806
stern1812
chilling1815
uncheered1817
dejecting1818
mopey1821
desponding1828
wisht1829
leadening1835
unsportful1837
demoralizing1840
Novemberish1840
frigid1844
morne1844
tragic1848
wet-blanketty1848
morgue1850
ungladdeneda1851
adusk1856
smileless1858
soul-sick1858
Novemberya1864
saturnine1863
down1873
lacklustre1883
Heaven-abandoneda1907
downbeat1952
doomy1967
1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas Dismall..It signifieth also Darke.
1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes i. §23. 30 On a sudden was that faire skie turned into a sulphurious and most dismall skie.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 146 Blacke is not knowne among them, they say tis dismall and a signe of hell and sorrow.
1696 tr. J. Dumont New Voy. Levant 48 The Ghastliness of the Prospect is heighten'd by the Pine-Trees, that cast a dismal Shade.
1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §311 It looked very dismal and threatening all the time.
1849 T. Carlyle Nigger Question in Misc. Ess. (1872) VII. 84 The Social Science—not a ‘gay science’, but a rueful,—which finds the secret of this Universe in ‘supply and demand’..what we might call, by way of eminence, the dismal science.
1850 T. Carlyle Latter-day Pamphlets i. 53 Economists, Emancipationists, Constitutionalists, and miscellaneous Professors of the Dismal Science.
1873 W. Black Princess of Thule i. 11 What a wild and dismal country was this which lay..all around him!
1882 Garden 28 Jan. 54/2 The fogs in London this week have been about at their dismallest.
figurative.1872 J. Morley Voltaire v. 233 Doctrines, which had naturally sprung up in the dismal age when the Catholic system acquired substance and shape.
b. Of sounds: Dreary, cheerless, woeful. (In late use chiefly subjective, as in B. 6.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > mournful or plaintive sound > [adjective]
complainingc1430
plainful1598
dismala1616
querulous1628
groaning1697
plaintive1697
gaunt1814
a16161 [see sense B. 2].
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Dismal ditty, a Psalm at the Gallows.
1703 W. Dampier Voy. New Holland iii. 131 Whales..blowing and making a very dismal Noise.
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 347 The dismallest Howling of Wolves.
1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. i. 44 Afar in the woods, they raise a dismal shout.
a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) I. 139 And heard her singing a lively song, In a very dismal tone.
1874 J. T. Micklethwaite Mod. Parish Churches 80 The dismal groans of the harmonium.
1894 R. D. Blackmore Perlycross I. vii. 104 A dismal wail of anguish.
6. Of a character or aspect denoting gloom or depression; (subjectively) gloomy or miserable.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective]
ungladc888
wearyc888
drearyc1000
dreary-moodOE
heavyc1000
unmerryOE
droopy?c1225
mournc1275
sada1300
languishinga1325
amayedc1330
matec1330
unlightc1330
unblissful1340
lowa1382
mishappyc1390
dullc1393
elengely1393
droopinga1400
heavy-hearteda1400
joylessa1400
sytefula1400
mornifc1400
tristy?c1400
lightless?1406
heartlessa1413
tristc1420
amatec1425
languoring?c1425
mirthlessc1430
heavisome1435
darkc1440
gloomingc1440
comfortlessc1460
amateda1470
chermatc1475
tristfula1492
lustless?1507
dolorous1513
ruthful1513
downcast1521
deject1528
heartsicka1529
lumpisha1535
coolc1540
dowlyc1540
glum1547
discouraged1548
uncheerfulc1555
dumpish1560
out of heart1565
sadded1566
amoped1573
tristive1578
desolated1580
dejected1581
à la mort1586
delightless1589
afflicted1590
gladless1590
groanful1590
gloomya1593
muddy1592
sitheful1592
cloudy1594
leaden-hearted1596
disconsolated1598
clum1599
life-weary1599
spiritless1600
dusky1602
chop-fallen1604
flat1604
disanimated1605
jaw-fallen1605
moped1606
chap-fallen1608
decheerful1608
uncheerful1612
lacklustrea1616
pulled1616
dumpya1618
depressed1621
head-hung1632
grum1640
downa1644
dispirited1647
down-at-mouth1649
down in (rarely of) the mouth1649
unhearted1650
sunlessa1658
sadful1658
unlightened1659
chagrin1665
saddened1665
damp1667
moping1674
desponding1688
tristitious1694
unenjoying1697
unraised1697
unheartya1699
unked1698
despondent1699
dismal1705
unjoyful1709
unrejoiced1714
dreara1717
disheartened1720
mumpish1721
unrejoicing1726
downhearted1742
out of spirits1745
chagrineda1754
low-spirited1753
sombrea1767
black-blooded1771
glumpy1780
oorie1787
sombrous1789
morose1791
Novemberish1793
glumpish1800
mopeful1800
die-away1802
blue-devilish1804
blue-devilled1807
malagrugrous1818
down in the hip1826
yonderly1828
sunshineless1831
downfaced1832
broody1851
in a (or the) trough1856
blue-devilly1871
drooped1873
glummy1884
pippy1886
humpy1889
pipped1914
lousy1933
pissed1943
crappy1956
doomy1961
bummed1970
1705 tr. W. Bosman New Descr. Coast of Guinea xx. 403 You may be surpriz'd that these poor Wretches should wear Hats, Perukes, &c. which they do in a very particular dismal manner.
a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 234 Wrote dismal letters to Court.
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. vii. 61 The only dismal figure in a groupe of merry faces.
1771 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. lxvii. 304 I think you should suffer your dismal countenance to clear up.
1837 W. Irving Adventures Capt. Bonneville II. 14 Gathering the mangled bodies of the slain..the warriors returned, in dismal procession, to the village.
quasi-adverb.1757 R. Griffith & E. Griffith Lett. Henry & Frances I. 85 I fear, it was a dismal penned Piece.

Compounds

dismal-dreaming adj.
ΚΠ
1790 Passionate Pilgrim in E. Malone Plays & Poems Shakspeare XI. 331 And drives away dark dismal-dreaming night.

Special uses

Dismal Desmond n. a toy dog with drooping ears; also transferred, a gloomy person.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > dejected or gloomy person
unhappy hooka1529
drooper1577
disconsolate1631
desponder1689
mope1693
moper1721
despondent1812
misery1888
crape-hanger1921
Dismal Desmond1926
Dismal Jimmy1927
crêpe-hanger1930
Eeyore1932
1926–7 Army & Navy Stores Catal. 891/3 Dismal Desmond. An amusing, lovable puppy.
1934 A. Christie Parker Pyne Investigates 66 The gentleman selling Dismal Desmonds does not know what to make of it.
1938 E. Bowen Death of Heart ii. iii. 219 A Dismal Desmond dog sat on the bed.
1939 ‘M. Innes’ Stop Press ii. vii. 319 A blob of a nose, a mottled snout, a lachrymose eye, a..drooping ear—the creature is called a Dismal Desmond and is known in every nursery.
1941 A. Christie N or M? i. 5 I wasn't conscious of looking a Dismal Desmond.
1968 ‘R. Raine’ Night of Hawk x. 52 Larry's a character and a half. Don't let the dismal Desmond look fool you.
Dismal Jimmy n. colloquial a gloomy person.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > dejected or gloomy person
unhappy hooka1529
drooper1577
disconsolate1631
desponder1689
mope1693
moper1721
despondent1812
misery1888
crape-hanger1921
Dismal Desmond1926
Dismal Jimmy1927
crêpe-hanger1930
Eeyore1932
1927 Melody Maker Sept. 931/2 We are not prophets nor dismal Jimmies.
1940 H. G. Wells All aboard for Ararat iii. 92 It's up in all the offices now; the Dismal Jimmy stuff is barred.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

dismalv.

Etymology: < dismal adj.
Obsolete.
intransitive. To feel dismal or melancholy.Apparently an isolated use.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > be or become dejected [verb (intransitive)]
heavyOE
fallOE
droopena1225
lourc1290
droopc1330
to abate one's countenance (also cheer)a1350
dullc1374
fainta1375
languora1375
languisha1382
afflicta1393
gloppen?a1400
weary1434
appalc1450
to have one's heart in one's boots (also shoes, heels, hose, etc.)c1450
peak1580
dumpc1585
mopea1592
sink1603
bate1607
deject1644
despond1655
alamort?1705
sadden1718
dismal1780
munge1790
mug1828
to get one's tail down1853
to have (also get) the pip1881
shadow1888
to have (one's) ass in a sling1960
1780 F. Burney Early Jrnls. & Lett. (2003) IV. 344 Miss L. sung various old elegies..O! how I dismalled in hearing them.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
<
n.adj.c1300v.1780
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