† disclandern.

Forms: Middle English desclandre, Middle English desclaunder, Middle English desclaundre, Middle English deslaundre, Middle English disclaimdre (transmission error), Middle English disclandre, Middle English disclaundere, Middle English disclaundre, Middle English disclaundyr, Middle English disclawnder, Middle English disklander, Middle English–1500s disclander, Middle English–1500s disclaunder, late Middle English disclandar (in a late copy), 1500s disclaundir, 1500s dislander, 1500s dislaunder, 1500s disslaunder, 1500s dysclaunder, 1500s dysclaundre; Scottish pre-1700 disclander.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French desclandre.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman desclandre, desclaundre, disclaunder, disclaundre slander, slanderous statement (1275 or earlier), scandal, public outrage (although this is first attested later than in English: a1415 or earlier), probably an alteration (after words in des- des- prefix) of esclandre , esclaundre , etc. esclandre n. Compare slander n., and also disclander v.

Obsolete.

1. Malicious and damaging statements made against a person; slander. Also: an example of this; a slanderous statement.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > [noun]

teleeOE

folk-leasinga1000

tolec1000

wrayingc1000

missaw?c1225

slanderc1290

disclanderc1300

famationc1325

noisec1325

skander1338

missaying1340

misspeecha1375

slanderingc1380

biting1382

defaminga1400

filtha1400

missaya1400

obloquya1438

oblocution?a1439

juroryc1440

defamationa1450

defamea1450

forspeaking1483

depravinga1500

defamya1513

injury?1518

depravation1526

maledictiona1530

abusion?1530

blasphemation1533

infamation1533

insectationa1535

calumning1541

calumniation?1549

abuse1559

calumnying1563

calumny1564

belying?1565

illingc1575

scandalizing1575

misparlance?1577

blot1587

libelling1587

scandal1596

traducement1597

injurying1604

deprave1610

vilifying1611

noisec1613

disfame1620

sycophancy1622

aspersion1633

disreport1640

medisance1648

bollocking1653

vilification1653

sugillation1654

blasphemya1656

traduction1656

calumniating1660

blaspheming1677

aspersing1702

blowing1710

infamizing1827

malignation1836

mud-slinging1858

mud-throwing1864

denigration1868

mud-flinging1876

dénigrement1883

malignment1885

injurious falsehood1907

mud-sling1919

bad-mouthing1939

bad mouth1947

trash-talking1974

c1300 Life & Martyrdom Thomas Becket (Harl. 2277) (1845) l. 1266 (MED) For ther nere hi noȝt wolcome..the desclandre of Seint Thomas, that he was fals and forswore.

c1300 Life & Martyrdom Thomas Becket (Harl. 2277) (1845) l. 2061 (MED) Thu missaist foule thin owe louerd..Ho miȝte suffri such desclandre, bote he nome wrecche?

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesmere) (1877) §623 Vnnethes may a man pleynly been accorded with hym that hath hym openly reuyled and repreued in disclaundre.

1447 in S. A. Moore Lett. & Papers J. Shillingford (1871) 25 We wolde right fayne have an ende..for noo drede of grete wordes of malyce, disclaundres, longage.

c1500 (?a1475) Assembly of Gods (1896) l. 658 (MED) Disclaundyr, Skorne, & Vnkynde Ielousy.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. xcix^v He declareth you a true man to hym..thesaied dislaunder and noysyng notwithstandyng.

1562 Lawes of Markette sig. Biii Yf there offences be greate..offending his mayster by theft, or disslaunder, or such like, then to commaunde hym to newegate.

a1605 (c1471) Hist. Arrival King Edward IV (1838) 21 The false, faynyd fables and disclandars that..were wont to be seditiously sowne and blowne abowt all the land.

2. Public disgrace; dishonour or disrepute caused by a scandalous action or event; scandal. Also: disapproval, outrage. Cf. slander n. 3a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [noun] > universal or public disgrace

disclanderc1390

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. v. l. 75 (MED) I haue..Ablamed him be-hynde his bak to bringe him in disclaundre.

a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iv. l. 564 For yf I wolde it openly distourbe. It most ben disclaundre to here name.

?1462 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 105 To deliuer seison accordynge to þe same feffement, to þe gret disclaundre of þe seid Ser John and all his.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1874) V. 143 The disclaunder of your ylle disposicion scholde not be knowen amonge your enmyes.

1531–2 Act 23 Hen. VIII c. 1 [They] suffre them to make their purgacions..to the greatte disclaunder of suche as pursue suche misdoers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

† disclanderv.

Forms: Middle English desclandre, Middle English desclaundre, Middle English disclander, Middle English disclandre, Middle English disclaunder, Middle English disclawndre, Middle English dislaundre, Middle English dysclaunder, Middle English dysschalndure (probably transmission error), Middle English–1500s disclaundre, 1500s desclaunder.

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: disclander n.

Etymology: Apparently < disclander n. Compare slightly later slander v. Compare Anglo-Norman (rare) desclaundrer to accuse (a person) falsely of a certain fault or offence (1366 or earlier).

Obsolete.

1. transitive. To make false and damaging statements about (a person); to slander. Also with for, of, etc.: to accuse (a person) falsely of a certain fault or offence.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > slander or calumniate [verb (transitive)]

to say or speak shame of, on, byc950

teleeOE

sayOE

to speak evil (Old English be) ofc1000

belie?c1225

betell?c1225

missayc1225

skandera1300

disclanderc1300

wrenchc1300

bewrayc1330

bite1330

gothele1340

slanderc1340

deprave1362

hinderc1375

backbite1382

blasphemec1386

afamec1390

fame1393

to blow up?a1400

defamea1400

noise1425

to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445

malignc1450

to speak villainy of1470

infame1483

injury1484

painta1522

malicea1526

denigrate1526

disfamea1533

misreporta1535

sugill?1539

dishonest?c1550

calumniate1554

scandalize1566

ill1577

blaze1579

traduce1581

misspeak1582

blot1583

abuse1592

wronga1596

infamonize1598

vilify1598

injure?a1600

forspeak1601

libel1602

infamize1605

belibel1606

calumnize1606

besquirt1611

colly1615

scandala1616

bedirt1622

soil1641

disfigurea1643

sycophant1642

spatter1645

sugillate1647

bespattera1652

bedung1655

asperse1656

mischieve1656

opprobriatea1657

reflect1661

dehonestate1663

carbonify1792

defamate1810

mouth1810

foul-mouth1822

lynch1836

rot1890

calumny1895

ding1903

bad-talk1938

norate1938

bad-mouth1941

monster1967

c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 1246 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 142 Þe bischopes comen bi-fore And desclaundreden seint thomas, þat he was fals and for-suore.

1387–8 Petition London Mercers in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 36 (MED) Falsehede hath he vsed..whan he hadde disclaundred vs.

?c1430 (c1400) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 138 Þes proude possessioners disclaundren trewe prechours..for makeris of discencion & debate among neiȝeboris in þe lond.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) vi. l. 205 I am disclaundrid of mutabilite.

a1475 in J. O. Halliwell Early Eng. Misc. (1855) 63 Awyse the welle who syttys the by, Lest he wylle repport thi talle, And dysschalndure the after to gret and smalle.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement f. ccix/2 I Desclaunder I hurte or hynder ones good name by reporte.

2. transitive. To bring into disgrace or disrepute; to bring scandal upon.In quot. c1390: to cause to sin.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [verb (transitive)] > bring into public disgrace

disclanderc1390

c1390 (c1350) Proprium Sanctorum in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1888) 81 311 Ȝif þyn eȝe bi wey of siht Disclaundreth þe aȝeyn riht, Pul hit out.

c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 1031 We that weryn in prosperite Been now disclanderyd.

c1460 (a1449) J. Lydgate Legend St. Austin (Harl. 2255) l. 240 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 200 Now as ye seen, for disobedience Disclaundrid is perpetually my name.

c1475 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Harl. 642) (1790) 70 (MED) That the owner be not hurte, nor this famous courte disclaunderyd by any outerage of cravinge or crakyng.

a1500 (c1450) P. Idley Instr. to his Son (Arun.) (1935) ii. B. l. 2685 Foreuer she ys disclandryd and in hate and tene.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	disclander
释义	† disclandern. Forms: Middle English desclandre, Middle English desclaunder, Middle English desclaundre, Middle English deslaundre, Middle English disclaimdre (transmission error), Middle English disclandre, Middle English disclaundere, Middle English disclaundre, Middle English disclaundyr, Middle English disclawnder, Middle English disklander, Middle English–1500s disclander, Middle English–1500s disclaunder, late Middle English disclandar (in a late copy), 1500s disclaundir, 1500s dislander, 1500s dislaunder, 1500s disslaunder, 1500s dysclaunder, 1500s dysclaundre; Scottish pre-1700 disclander. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French desclandre. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman desclandre, desclaundre, disclaunder, disclaundre slander, slanderous statement (1275 or earlier), scandal, public outrage (although this is first attested later than in English: a1415 or earlier), probably an alteration (after words in des- des- prefix) of esclandre , esclaundre , etc. esclandre n. Compare slander n., and also disclander v. Obsolete. 1. Malicious and damaging statements made against a person; slander. Also: an example of this; a slanderous statement. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > [noun] teleeOE folk-leasinga1000 tolec1000 wrayingc1000 missaw?c1225 slanderc1290 disclanderc1300 famationc1325 noisec1325 skander1338 missaying1340 misspeecha1375 slanderingc1380 biting1382 defaminga1400 filtha1400 missaya1400 obloquya1438 oblocution?a1439 juroryc1440 defamationa1450 defamea1450 forspeaking1483 depravinga1500 defamya1513 injury?1518 depravation1526 maledictiona1530 abusion?1530 blasphemation1533 infamation1533 insectationa1535 calumning1541 calumniation?1549 abuse1559 calumnying1563 calumny1564 belying?1565 illingc1575 scandalizing1575 misparlance?1577 blot1587 libelling1587 scandal1596 traducement1597 injurying1604 deprave1610 vilifying1611 noisec1613 disfame1620 sycophancy1622 aspersion1633 disreport1640 medisance1648 bollocking1653 vilification1653 sugillation1654 blasphemya1656 traduction1656 calumniating1660 blaspheming1677 aspersing1702 blowing1710 infamizing1827 malignation1836 mud-slinging1858 mud-throwing1864 denigration1868 mud-flinging1876 dénigrement1883 malignment1885 injurious falsehood1907 mud-sling1919 bad-mouthing1939 bad mouth1947 trash-talking1974 c1300 Life & Martyrdom Thomas Becket (Harl. 2277) (1845) l. 1266 (MED) For ther nere hi noȝt wolcome..the desclandre of Seint Thomas, that he was fals and forswore. c1300 Life & Martyrdom Thomas Becket (Harl. 2277) (1845) l. 2061 (MED) Thu missaist foule thin owe louerd..Ho miȝte suffri such desclandre, bote he nome wrecche? c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesmere) (1877) §623 Vnnethes may a man pleynly been accorded with hym that hath hym openly reuyled and repreued in disclaundre. 1447 in S. A. Moore Lett. & Papers J. Shillingford (1871) 25 We wolde right fayne have an ende..for noo drede of grete wordes of malyce, disclaundres, longage. c1500 (?a1475) Assembly of Gods (1896) l. 658 (MED) Disclaundyr, Skorne, & Vnkynde Ielousy. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. xcix^v He declareth you a true man to hym..thesaied dislaunder and noysyng notwithstandyng. 1562 Lawes of Markette sig. Biii Yf there offences be greate..offending his mayster by theft, or disslaunder, or such like, then to commaunde hym to newegate. a1605 (c1471) Hist. Arrival King Edward IV (1838) 21 The false, faynyd fables and disclandars that..were wont to be seditiously sowne and blowne abowt all the land. 2. Public disgrace; dishonour or disrepute caused by a scandalous action or event; scandal. Also: disapproval, outrage. Cf. slander n. 3a. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [noun] > universal or public disgrace disclanderc1390 c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. v. l. 75 (MED) I haue..Ablamed him be-hynde his bak to bringe him in disclaundre. a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iv. l. 564 For yf I wolde it openly distourbe. It most ben disclaundre to here name. ?1462 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 105 To deliuer seison accordynge to þe same feffement, to þe gret disclaundre of þe seid Ser John and all his. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1874) V. 143 The disclaunder of your ylle disposicion scholde not be knowen amonge your enmyes. 1531–2 Act 23 Hen. VIII c. 1 [They] suffre them to make their purgacions..to the greatte disclaunder of suche as pursue suche misdoers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † disclanderv. Forms: Middle English desclandre, Middle English desclaundre, Middle English disclander, Middle English disclandre, Middle English disclaunder, Middle English disclawndre, Middle English dislaundre, Middle English dysclaunder, Middle English dysschalndure (probably transmission error), Middle English–1500s disclaundre, 1500s desclaunder. Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: disclander n. Etymology: Apparently < disclander n. Compare slightly later slander v. Compare Anglo-Norman (rare) desclaundrer to accuse (a person) falsely of a certain fault or offence (1366 or earlier). Obsolete. 1. transitive. To make false and damaging statements about (a person); to slander. Also with for, of, etc.: to accuse (a person) falsely of a certain fault or offence. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > slander or calumniate [verb (transitive)] to say or speak shame of, on, byc950 teleeOE sayOE to speak evil (Old English be) ofc1000 belie?c1225 betell?c1225 missayc1225 skandera1300 disclanderc1300 wrenchc1300 bewrayc1330 bite1330 gothele1340 slanderc1340 deprave1362 hinderc1375 backbite1382 blasphemec1386 afamec1390 fame1393 to blow up?a1400 defamea1400 noise1425 to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445 malignc1450 to speak villainy of1470 infame1483 injury1484 painta1522 malicea1526 denigrate1526 disfamea1533 misreporta1535 sugill?1539 dishonest?c1550 calumniate1554 scandalize1566 ill1577 blaze1579 traduce1581 misspeak1582 blot1583 abuse1592 wronga1596 infamonize1598 vilify1598 injure?a1600 forspeak1601 libel1602 infamize1605 belibel1606 calumnize1606 besquirt1611 colly1615 scandala1616 bedirt1622 soil1641 disfigurea1643 sycophant1642 spatter1645 sugillate1647 bespattera1652 bedung1655 asperse1656 mischieve1656 opprobriatea1657 reflect1661 dehonestate1663 carbonify1792 defamate1810 mouth1810 foul-mouth1822 lynch1836 rot1890 calumny1895 ding1903 bad-talk1938 norate1938 bad-mouth1941 monster1967 c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 1246 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 142 Þe bischopes comen bi-fore And desclaundreden seint thomas, þat he was fals and for-suore. 1387–8 Petition London Mercers in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 36 (MED) Falsehede hath he vsed..whan he hadde disclaundred vs. ?c1430 (c1400) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 138 Þes proude possessioners disclaundren trewe prechours..for makeris of discencion & debate among neiȝeboris in þe lond. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) vi. l. 205 I am disclaundrid of mutabilite. a1475 in J. O. Halliwell Early Eng. Misc. (1855) 63 Awyse the welle who syttys the by, Lest he wylle repport thi talle, And dysschalndure the after to gret and smalle. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement f. ccix/2 I Desclaunder I hurte or hynder ones good name by reporte. 2. transitive. To bring into disgrace or disrepute; to bring scandal upon.In quot. c1390: to cause to sin. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [verb (transitive)] > bring into public disgrace disclanderc1390 c1390 (c1350) Proprium Sanctorum in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1888) 81 311 Ȝif þyn eȝe bi wey of siht Disclaundreth þe aȝeyn riht, Pul hit out. c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 1031 We that weryn in prosperite Been now disclanderyd. c1460 (a1449) J. Lydgate Legend St. Austin (Harl. 2255) l. 240 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 200 Now as ye seen, for disobedience Disclaundrid is perpetually my name. c1475 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Harl. 642) (1790) 70 (MED) That the owner be not hurte, nor this famous courte disclaunderyd by any outerage of cravinge or crakyng. a1500 (c1450) P. Idley Instr. to his Son (Arun.) (1935) ii. B. l. 2685 Foreuer she ys disclandryd and in hate and tene. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1300v.c1300
随便看	love offering love one's fere love one's love with an a love one's love with an a with a b love one's love with an a with a etc love paper love par amour love par amours love passage love pat love philtre love pill love play love poem love poetry love potion love powder love rat love ribbon love rites love romance love ron love roun love samen love scene