disjunctiveadj.n.

/dɪsˈdʒʌŋktɪv/

Etymology: < Latin disjunctīvus, < disjunctus disjunct n.¹, disjoint n.: see -ive suffix. Compare French disjonctif (desjointif in 13th cent.).

A. adj.

a. Having the property of disjoining or disconnecting; characterized by or involving disjunction or separation.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > [adjective] > disjoining or disconnecting

disjunctive1570

disjoining1741

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Ni/1 Disiunctiue, disiunctiuus.

1698 J. Norris Pract. Disc. Divine Subj. IV. 133 Since the Original Law did not admit of a Mediator (as not being Disjunctive).

1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 371 The disjunctive characters..in the description of the original species.

1813 J. Thomson Lect. Inflammation 367, 3dly In the separation of dead or mortified parts from those which retain their vitality..to distinguish this from the other modes of morbid absorption, it might be termed the disjunctive.

b. Opposed to joining or uniting.

ΚΠ

1701 N. Grew Cosmol. Sacra i. iii. §17 Such Principles, whose Atoms are of that Disjunctive Nature, as not to be united in a sufficient Number, to make a Visible Mass.

2. Logic, etc. Involving a choice between two (or more) things or statements; alternative. disjunctive proposition, a proposition in which it is asserted that one or other of two (or more) statements is true. disjunctive syllogism, a syllogism in which the major premiss is disjunctive, and the inference depends on the alternation of its terms: sometimes loosely extended to any syllogism containing a disjunctive premiss.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical proposition > [adjective] > disjunctive

discretive1542

disjunctive1587

disjunct1608

discrete1628

subdisjunctive1656

hypothetico-disjunctivea1856

1587 D. Fenner Def. Godlie Ministers sig. Fiv This section beginneth with a disiunctive Sillogisme.

a1628 J. Preston New Covenant (1630) 542 A disiunctive proposition is true..if either part be true.

1725 I. Watts Logick iii. ii. §5 A disjunctive syllogism is when the major proposition is disjunctive: as, the earth moves in a circle or an ellipsis; but it does not move in a circle; therefore it moves in an ellipsis.

1849 G. Grote Hist. Greece VI. ii. lii. 474 His promise was disjunctive—that they should be either so brought home, or slain.

1887 T. Fowler Elem. Deduct. Logic iii. v. 113 If [two propositions or sets of propositions] be dissociated, so that the truth of one depends on the falsity of the other, and the falsity of one on the truth of the other, the complex proposition may be called Disjunctive.

1887 T. Fowler Elem. Deduct. Logic iii. v. 116 A Disjunctive Syllogism is a syllogism of which the major premiss is a disjunctive, and the minor a simple proposition, the latter affirming or denying one of the alternatives stated in the former.

1891 J. Welton Man. Logic ii. i. 209, 210 (margin) Logicians differ as to whether or not the disjunctive form necessitates the mutual exclusiveness of the alternative predicates..When the alternatives are not incompatible they are not exclusive. Exclusion is not, therefore, due to the disjunctive form of proposition.

a. Grammar. Applied to conjunctions that express an alternative or imply some kind of adversative relation between the clauses which they grammatically connect.With the earlier grammarians the division of Conjunctions into Copulative and Disjunctive was made a main one. It is, however, of grammatical importance (see quot. 1795) only in the Coordinating Conjunctions, of which and is Copulative, while the Alternative or, nor, and the Adversative but, yet, are Disjunctive. Of the Subordinative Conjunctions, the Causative lest, the Hypothetical unless, and the Concessive although, are also disjunctive in sense; but in their grammatical use these do not differ from the Copulative that, if, because, as, since.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > conjunction > [adjective] > disjunctive

discretive1542

segregative1588

discrete1628

disjunctive1628

disconnective1824

separative1888

1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 244 That axiome is disiunct, whose band is a disiunctiue Coniunction.

1751 J. Harris Hermes ii. ii. 249 Now we come to the Disjunctive Conjunctions, a Species of Words which bear this contradictory Name, because while they disjoin the Sense, they conjoin the Sentences.

1776 G. Campbell Philos. of Rhetoric II. iii. v. 419 Both the last mentioned orders [sc. adversative and exceptive conjunctions] are comprehended under the general name disjunctive.

1795 L. Murray Eng. Gram. 93 The conjunction disjunctive hath an effect contrary to that of the conjunction copulative; for as the verb, noun, or pronoun, is referred to the preceding terms taken separately, it must be in the singular number; as, ‘Ignorance or negligence has caused this mistake..’.

Categories »

b. In French Grammar, sometimes applied to the indirect nominative (and objective) case of the personal pronouns (moi, toi, lui, eux) as distinguished from the direct nominative (je, tu, il, ils), called in this nomenclature conjunctive.

4. Mathematics. (See quot. 1853.)

ΚΠ

1853 Sylvester in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 143 i. 544 A disjunctive equation is a relation between two sets of quantities such that each one of either set is equal according to some unspecified order of connexion with one of the other set.

B. n.

1. (a) Logic. A disjunctive proposition: See sense A. 2. (b) Hence generally: a statement or condition of affairs involving a choice between two or more statements or courses; an alternative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical proposition > [noun] > disjunctive or alternative proposition

discretivec1525

disjunctive1533

disjunction1588

alternant1790

alternation1883

partitive judgement1895

disjunct1921

1533 T. More Debellacyon Salem & Bizance i. vi. f. xxxix^v To the veryte of a dysiunctyue, yt suffyseth any one part to be trew.

1569 Abp. M. Parker Let. 1 July in Corr. (1853) (modernized text) 352 The words of the Injunction (which were once a disjunctive but by the printer made a copulative [or being changed to and]).

1614 F. Bacon To King 7 Feb. (R.) Your Majesty..very wisely put in a disjunctive, that the judges should deliver an opinion privately, either to my Lord Chancellor, or to ourselves.

1725 I. Watts Logick ii. ii. §6 The Truth of Disjunctives depends on the necessary and immediate Opposition of the Parts.

1864 F. C. Bowen Treat. Logic v. 131 Disjunctives are reduced..to as many Categoricals as there are disjunct members of the Predicate. Thus,—A is either B or C = ^{All those A which are not B are C, and}/ _{All those A which are not C are B}.

2. Grammar. A disjunctive conjunction: see A. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > conjunction > [noun] > disjunctive

discretivec1525

disjunctive1528

1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. lvii In suche wordes where the heyre demaundeth the herytage or maryage of his mother, this worde [sc. or] is a dysiunctyvfe.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 148 Some [conjunctions] be disjunctives.

1751 J. Harris Hermes ii. ii. 242 The Conjunction, or, tho' it join the Sentences, yet as to their respective Meanings, is a perfect Disjunctive.

1795 L. Murray Eng. Gram. 94 When a disjunctive occurs between a singular noun..and a plural one, the verb is made to agree with the plural noun..as, ‘Neither poverty nor riches were injurious to him..’.

†3. One who favours disjunction; a separatist.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > sectarianism > [noun] > person

sectator?1541

sectary1558

sectare1563

sectuary1592

disjunctive1596

separator1607

swermer1607

swermerian1607

separatist1608

sectist1612

separate1612

opinionist1613

separistc1616

seeker1617

sectarist1618

sectarian1827

come-outer1840

denominationalist1870

disjunctionist1872

1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xii. lxxiii. 301 Disiunctiues, who..lesse loue their Prince than Pope.

†4. plural. Disjoined or disconnected things. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > [noun] > disjunction, disunion, or disconnection > quality > disconnected things

disjunctives1661

1661 O. Felltham Resolves (rev. ed.) 184 God himself is Truth; and never meant to make the Heart and Tongue disjunctives.

Phrases

in the disjunctive: in an alternative form or sense; disjunctively (cf. Anglo-Norman en disjointe, par disjointe, Britton II. 354, 358).

ΚΠ

1806 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. VI. 91 The clause was to be construed in the disjunctive, viz. either by will, codicil, &c. or by writing signed before three witnesses.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	disjunctive
释义	disjunctiveadj.n. /dɪsˈdʒʌŋktɪv/ Etymology: < Latin disjunctīvus, < disjunctus disjunct n.¹, disjoint n.: see -ive suffix. Compare French disjonctif (desjointif in 13th cent.). A. adj. 1. a. Having the property of disjoining or disconnecting; characterized by or involving disjunction or separation. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > [adjective] > disjoining or disconnecting disjunctive1570 disjoining1741 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Ni/1 Disiunctiue, disiunctiuus. 1698 J. Norris Pract. Disc. Divine Subj. IV. 133 Since the Original Law did not admit of a Mediator (as not being Disjunctive). 1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 371 The disjunctive characters..in the description of the original species. 1813 J. Thomson Lect. Inflammation 367, 3dly In the separation of dead or mortified parts from those which retain their vitality..to distinguish this from the other modes of morbid absorption, it might be termed the disjunctive. b. Opposed to joining or uniting. ΚΠ 1701 N. Grew Cosmol. Sacra i. iii. §17 Such Principles, whose Atoms are of that Disjunctive Nature, as not to be united in a sufficient Number, to make a Visible Mass. 2. Logic, etc. Involving a choice between two (or more) things or statements; alternative. disjunctive proposition, a proposition in which it is asserted that one or other of two (or more) statements is true. disjunctive syllogism, a syllogism in which the major premiss is disjunctive, and the inference depends on the alternation of its terms: sometimes loosely extended to any syllogism containing a disjunctive premiss. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical proposition > [adjective] > disjunctive discretive1542 disjunctive1587 disjunct1608 discrete1628 subdisjunctive1656 hypothetico-disjunctivea1856 1587 D. Fenner Def. Godlie Ministers sig. Fiv This section beginneth with a disiunctive Sillogisme. a1628 J. Preston New Covenant (1630) 542 A disiunctive proposition is true..if either part be true. 1725 I. Watts Logick iii. ii. §5 A disjunctive syllogism is when the major proposition is disjunctive: as, the earth moves in a circle or an ellipsis; but it does not move in a circle; therefore it moves in an ellipsis. 1849 G. Grote Hist. Greece VI. ii. lii. 474 His promise was disjunctive—that they should be either so brought home, or slain. 1887 T. Fowler Elem. Deduct. Logic iii. v. 113 If [two propositions or sets of propositions] be dissociated, so that the truth of one depends on the falsity of the other, and the falsity of one on the truth of the other, the complex proposition may be called Disjunctive. 1887 T. Fowler Elem. Deduct. Logic iii. v. 116 A Disjunctive Syllogism is a syllogism of which the major premiss is a disjunctive, and the minor a simple proposition, the latter affirming or denying one of the alternatives stated in the former. 1891 J. Welton Man. Logic ii. i. 209, 210 (margin) Logicians differ as to whether or not the disjunctive form necessitates the mutual exclusiveness of the alternative predicates..When the alternatives are not incompatible they are not exclusive. Exclusion is not, therefore, due to the disjunctive form of proposition. 3. a. Grammar. Applied to conjunctions that express an alternative or imply some kind of adversative relation between the clauses which they grammatically connect.With the earlier grammarians the division of Conjunctions into Copulative and Disjunctive was made a main one. It is, however, of grammatical importance (see quot. 1795) only in the Coordinating Conjunctions, of which and is Copulative, while the Alternative or, nor, and the Adversative but, yet, are Disjunctive. Of the Subordinative Conjunctions, the Causative lest, the Hypothetical unless, and the Concessive although, are also disjunctive in sense; but in their grammatical use these do not differ from the Copulative that, if, because, as, since. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > conjunction > [adjective] > disjunctive discretive1542 segregative1588 discrete1628 disjunctive1628 disconnective1824 separative1888 1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 244 That axiome is disiunct, whose band is a disiunctiue Coniunction. 1751 J. Harris Hermes ii. ii. 249 Now we come to the Disjunctive Conjunctions, a Species of Words which bear this contradictory Name, because while they disjoin the Sense, they conjoin the Sentences. 1776 G. Campbell Philos. of Rhetoric II. iii. v. 419 Both the last mentioned orders [sc. adversative and exceptive conjunctions] are comprehended under the general name disjunctive. 1795 L. Murray Eng. Gram. 93 The conjunction disjunctive hath an effect contrary to that of the conjunction copulative; for as the verb, noun, or pronoun, is referred to the preceding terms taken separately, it must be in the singular number; as, ‘Ignorance or negligence has caused this mistake..’. Categories » b. In French Grammar, sometimes applied to the indirect nominative (and objective) case of the personal pronouns (moi, toi, lui, eux) as distinguished from the direct nominative (je, tu, il, ils), called in this nomenclature conjunctive. 4. Mathematics. (See quot. 1853.) ΚΠ 1853 Sylvester in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 143 i. 544 A disjunctive equation is a relation between two sets of quantities such that each one of either set is equal according to some unspecified order of connexion with one of the other set. B. n. 1. (a) Logic. A disjunctive proposition: See sense A. 2. (b) Hence generally: a statement or condition of affairs involving a choice between two or more statements or courses; an alternative. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical proposition > [noun] > disjunctive or alternative proposition discretivec1525 disjunctive1533 disjunction1588 alternant1790 alternation1883 partitive judgement1895 disjunct1921 1533 T. More Debellacyon Salem & Bizance i. vi. f. xxxix^v To the veryte of a dysiunctyue, yt suffyseth any one part to be trew. 1569 Abp. M. Parker Let. 1 July in Corr. (1853) (modernized text) 352 The words of the Injunction (which were once a disjunctive but by the printer made a copulative [or being changed to and]). 1614 F. Bacon To King 7 Feb. (R.) Your Majesty..very wisely put in a disjunctive, that the judges should deliver an opinion privately, either to my Lord Chancellor, or to ourselves. 1725 I. Watts Logick ii. ii. §6 The Truth of Disjunctives depends on the necessary and immediate Opposition of the Parts. 1864 F. C. Bowen Treat. Logic v. 131 Disjunctives are reduced..to as many Categoricals as there are disjunct members of the Predicate. Thus,—A is either B or C = ^{All those A which are not B are C, and}/ _{All those A which are not C are B}. 2. Grammar. A disjunctive conjunction: see A. 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > conjunction > [noun] > disjunctive discretivec1525 disjunctive1528 1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. lvii In suche wordes where the heyre demaundeth the herytage or maryage of his mother, this worde [sc. or] is a dysiunctyvfe. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 148 Some [conjunctions] be disjunctives. 1751 J. Harris Hermes ii. ii. 242 The Conjunction, or, tho' it join the Sentences, yet as to their respective Meanings, is a perfect Disjunctive. 1795 L. Murray Eng. Gram. 94 When a disjunctive occurs between a singular noun..and a plural one, the verb is made to agree with the plural noun..as, ‘Neither poverty nor riches were injurious to him..’. †3. One who favours disjunction; a separatist. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > sectarianism > [noun] > person sectator?1541 sectary1558 sectare1563 sectuary1592 disjunctive1596 separator1607 swermer1607 swermerian1607 separatist1608 sectist1612 separate1612 opinionist1613 separistc1616 seeker1617 sectarist1618 sectarian1827 come-outer1840 denominationalist1870 disjunctionist1872 1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xii. lxxiii. 301 Disiunctiues, who..lesse loue their Prince than Pope. †4. plural. Disjoined or disconnected things. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > [noun] > disjunction, disunion, or disconnection > quality > disconnected things disjunctives1661 1661 O. Felltham Resolves (rev. ed.) 184 God himself is Truth; and never meant to make the Heart and Tongue disjunctives. Phrases in the disjunctive: in an alternative form or sense; disjunctively (cf. Anglo-Norman en disjointe, par disjointe, Britton II. 354, 358). ΚΠ 1806 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. VI. 91 The clause was to be construed in the disjunctive, viz. either by will, codicil, &c. or by writing signed before three witnesses. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1528
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