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单词 altruist
释义

altruistn.

Brit. /ˈaltrʊɪst/, U.S. /ˈæltrəwəst/, /ˈælˌtruəst/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: altruism n., -ist suffix.
Etymology: < altru- (in altruism n.) + -ist suffix. Compare French altruiste adjective (see altruistic adj.; also as noun (a1860)). Compare earlier altruistic adj.
1. A person who practises or espouses altruism.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social attitudes > philanthropy > [noun] > altruism > altruist
altruist1868
1868 J. T. Nettleship Ess. Browning's Poetry vi. 167 His development as a great altruist.
1881 Daily News 27 Aug. 5/1 If they were thorough altruists, a sweet reasonableness would induce them to avoid inflicting..distress.
1901 School Rev. 9 350 The attempts of many namby-pamby altruists..stand in the way of..selfhood.
1929 F. Nebel in Black Mask May 25/2 What we need is a crusader. Not a preaching, scripture-quoting, holier-than-thou sort of fellow. Not an altruist.
1992 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 19 Nov. 52/1 If I am perceived as a good altruist through acts that help nonrelatives, then other people are more likely to help me when I am in need.
2004 Times Lit. Suppl. 3 Dec. 32/4 To the extent that the genuine altruist serves his own interests by helping another person, he must remain unconscious of those interests.
2. Chiefly Zoology. An animal whose behaviour benefits one or more other animals (typically of its own species), but which carries a cost to itself. Cf. altruism n. 2.
ΚΠ
1897 Rev. of Reviews Mar. 254/2 (heading) Birds better altruists than mammals.
1932 J. B. S. Haldane Causes Evol. 210 Consider a tribe in which the proportion of altruists is sufficient to cause the number of the gene for it to increase.
1989 Nature 14 Dec. 741/2 Social-insect workers may be the ultimate reproductive altruists, but their altruism can be less than pure.
2002 P. Pomper & D. G. Shaw Return Sci. vi. 102 Our altruist birds need not become extinct right away if they sound their alarm calls for the benefit of an isolated population with a heavy concentration of altruists.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1868
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