discouragementn.

Brit.

/dᵻˈskʌrᵻdʒm(ə)nt/, U.S.

/dᵻˈskərᵻdʒm(ə)nt/

Forms: 1500s–1600s discoragement, 1500s– discouragement, 1600s discoradgment, 1600s discouradgment, 1600s discowragement (Scottish).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: discourage v., -ment suffix.

Etymology: < discourage v. + -ment suffix. In sense 1 perhaps after Middle French descouragement fact or state of being discouraged (12th cent. in Old French as descoragement ; French découragement ). Compare encouragement n., and also earlier discourage n., discouraging n.

1. The fact or state of being discouraged; lack of confidence or spirit; disinclination to act or make an effort to do something.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > dismay > [noun]

dismaying13..

discomfortc1405

discourage1434

discouraging1436

discomforting1437

qualm?1531

faintingc1540

quailing1542

discouragement1548

dismayedness1571

dismay1590

disencouragement1598

dismayment1600

exanimation1604

disheartenednessa1680

astonishing1820

disheartenment1876

the mind > mental capacity > expectation > despair, hopelessness > [noun] > want or loss of spirit

discomfortc1405

discourage1434

discouraging1436

discomforting1437

discouragement1548

disencouragement1598

disheartenednessa1680

lostness1728

disheartenment1876

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. vii. f. liii^v Fynally agaynst al the engyns of Sathan, and against death it selfe, shall he be hable to stande styffely, without discouragement.

1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. (1634) iii. ii. 261 The feeling..turneth onely to terrour and discouragement.

1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. iii. 20 About which I haue taken no small griefe and discouragement.

a1658 J. Durham Blessednesse of Death (1681) vi. 102 Another evil accompanies ane evil time, and its carnal sorrow, fainting, perplexity, discouradgment.

1726 S. Mather Charge deliver'd at Ordination R. Milner 14 Give not way to Discouragement.

1760 Monthly Rev. Jan. 65 The husbandman is generally timid: his capacity too limited to..prevent his discouragement when unsuccessful.

1844 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VIII. 157 He represents it as having caused so much discouragement at Sparta, that [etc.].

1860 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) V. 30 [It] showed how great was the discouragement into which the loss of Beton had thrown them.

1878 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Eng. 18th Cent. II. v. 50 Poverty and discouragement became more general than ever.

1916 J. Forbes Commuters ii. 38 Oh, the passion of discouragement that seizes me when I perceive the utter hopelessness of going on with my great task.

2001 Furrow 52 694 He becomes a beacon of hope to those who suffer the darkness of despair and discouragement.

2. The action or fact of discouraging or deterring someone or something.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > demotivation > [noun] > discouraging action or quality

discouragement1558

disanimation1637

discouragingness1727

1558 C. Goodman How Superior Powers xiv. 204 Whiche [sc. Jesus's work] nether oght of anie therfore to be condemned, nether shulde be anie discouragement to others in the like.

1589 R. Hakluyt tr. in Princ. Navigations iii. 521 To the great discouragement & hinderance of the same marchants and fishermen.

1650 Proposalls conc. Chancery 5 To the great wrong and disparagement of the Court and discouragement of Suitors therein.

1698 M. Henry Acct. Life P. Henry ii. 18 Great Alterations were made in that as in other Colledges, very much..to the hinderance and Discouragement of young Scholars.

1755 Accurate Descr. Cape Breton 28 He soon met with that Disgust and Discouragement which are inevitable in Societies.

a1797 H. Walpole Mem. George II (1847) I. iv. 89 His severity to and discouragement of that pest of society, Attorneys.

1845 Oxf. Mag. May 101 There is no systematic discouragement of the tradesmen who foster the spirit of extravagance.

1880 C. R. Markham Peruvian Bark xii. 414 From that time there was nothing but discouragement and obstruction.

1928 Advocate of Peace Apr. 248/2 (heading) For the discouragement of war and the relief of its victims.

2003 Internat. Family Planning Perspectives 29 179/1 It is unclear whether..the disapproval and discouragement [to have sex] perceived by young women are real.

3. Something which discourages; a disheartening or deterrent fact, circumstance, event, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > demotivation > [noun] > discouraging action or quality > a discouraging influence

discouragement1574

disheartening1619

cold shower1875

depressant1894

disincentive1946

chilling effect1951

1574 W. Fulke Comfortable Serm. Faith sig. G.iii Although she had neuer so many repulses and discouragementes..she departed not away confounded.

1639 J. Woodall Surgeons Mate (rev. ed.) Pref. sig. B3 Notwithstanding all such discouragements..hee proceeded on with courage.

1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 161 Their first Discouragement was, the Country was all open, with very little Wood.

1838 T. Tooke Hist. Prices 1793–1837 I. i. iii. 62 Such prohibitions and suspensions being argued to operate as a discouragement of tillage.

1868 E. Edwards Life Sir W. Ralegh I. viii. 123 Strong discouragements which had often chilled the glowing anticipations.

1933 E. A. Powell Slanting Lines of Steel xvii. 266 I did not shine as an infantryman, being a constant trial and discouragement to my company and battalion commanders.

2007 Fortnight Sept. 25/1 There are lots of discouragements and difficulties that one faces as a writer.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	discouragement
释义	discouragementn. Brit. /dᵻˈskʌrᵻdʒm(ə)nt/, U.S. /dᵻˈskərᵻdʒm(ə)nt/ Forms: 1500s–1600s discoragement, 1500s– discouragement, 1600s discoradgment, 1600s discouradgment, 1600s discowragement (Scottish). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: discourage v., -ment suffix. Etymology: < discourage v. + -ment suffix. In sense 1 perhaps after Middle French descouragement fact or state of being discouraged (12th cent. in Old French as descoragement ; French découragement ). Compare encouragement n., and also earlier discourage n., discouraging n. 1. The fact or state of being discouraged; lack of confidence or spirit; disinclination to act or make an effort to do something. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > dismay > [noun] dismaying13.. discomfortc1405 discourage1434 discouraging1436 discomforting1437 qualm?1531 faintingc1540 quailing1542 discouragement1548 dismayedness1571 dismay1590 disencouragement1598 dismayment1600 exanimation1604 disheartenednessa1680 astonishing1820 disheartenment1876 the mind > mental capacity > expectation > despair, hopelessness > [noun] > want or loss of spirit discomfortc1405 discourage1434 discouraging1436 discomforting1437 discouragement1548 disencouragement1598 disheartenednessa1680 lostness1728 disheartenment1876 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. vii. f. liii^v Fynally agaynst al the engyns of Sathan, and against death it selfe, shall he be hable to stande styffely, without discouragement. 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. (1634) iii. ii. 261 The feeling..turneth onely to terrour and discouragement. 1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. iii. 20 About which I haue taken no small griefe and discouragement. a1658 J. Durham Blessednesse of Death (1681) vi. 102 Another evil accompanies ane evil time, and its carnal sorrow, fainting, perplexity, discouradgment. 1726 S. Mather Charge deliver'd at Ordination R. Milner 14 Give not way to Discouragement. 1760 Monthly Rev. Jan. 65 The husbandman is generally timid: his capacity too limited to..prevent his discouragement when unsuccessful. 1844 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VIII. 157 He represents it as having caused so much discouragement at Sparta, that [etc.]. 1860 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) V. 30 [It] showed how great was the discouragement into which the loss of Beton had thrown them. 1878 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Eng. 18th Cent. II. v. 50 Poverty and discouragement became more general than ever. 1916 J. Forbes Commuters ii. 38 Oh, the passion of discouragement that seizes me when I perceive the utter hopelessness of going on with my great task. 2001 Furrow 52 694 He becomes a beacon of hope to those who suffer the darkness of despair and discouragement. 2. The action or fact of discouraging or deterring someone or something. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > demotivation > [noun] > discouraging action or quality discouragement1558 disanimation1637 discouragingness1727 1558 C. Goodman How Superior Powers xiv. 204 Whiche [sc. Jesus's work] nether oght of anie therfore to be condemned, nether shulde be anie discouragement to others in the like. 1589 R. Hakluyt tr. in Princ. Navigations iii. 521 To the great discouragement & hinderance of the same marchants and fishermen. 1650 Proposalls conc. Chancery 5 To the great wrong and disparagement of the Court and discouragement of Suitors therein. 1698 M. Henry Acct. Life P. Henry ii. 18 Great Alterations were made in that as in other Colledges, very much..to the hinderance and Discouragement of young Scholars. 1755 Accurate Descr. Cape Breton 28 He soon met with that Disgust and Discouragement which are inevitable in Societies. a1797 H. Walpole Mem. George II (1847) I. iv. 89 His severity to and discouragement of that pest of society, Attorneys. 1845 Oxf. Mag. May 101 There is no systematic discouragement of the tradesmen who foster the spirit of extravagance. 1880 C. R. Markham Peruvian Bark xii. 414 From that time there was nothing but discouragement and obstruction. 1928 Advocate of Peace Apr. 248/2 (heading) For the discouragement of war and the relief of its victims. 2003 Internat. Family Planning Perspectives 29 179/1 It is unclear whether..the disapproval and discouragement [to have sex] perceived by young women are real. 3. Something which discourages; a disheartening or deterrent fact, circumstance, event, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > demotivation > [noun] > discouraging action or quality > a discouraging influence discouragement1574 disheartening1619 cold shower1875 depressant1894 disincentive1946 chilling effect1951 1574 W. Fulke Comfortable Serm. Faith sig. G.iii Although she had neuer so many repulses and discouragementes..she departed not away confounded. 1639 J. Woodall Surgeons Mate (rev. ed.) Pref. sig. B3 Notwithstanding all such discouragements..hee proceeded on with courage. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 161 Their first Discouragement was, the Country was all open, with very little Wood. 1838 T. Tooke Hist. Prices 1793–1837 I. i. iii. 62 Such prohibitions and suspensions being argued to operate as a discouragement of tillage. 1868 E. Edwards Life Sir W. Ralegh I. viii. 123 Strong discouragements which had often chilled the glowing anticipations. 1933 E. A. Powell Slanting Lines of Steel xvii. 266 I did not shine as an infantryman, being a constant trial and discouragement to my company and battalion commanders. 2007 Fortnight Sept. 25/1 There are lots of discouragements and difficulties that one faces as a writer. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1548
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