单词 | digestion |
释义 | digestionn. 1. a. The physiological process whereby the nutritive part of the food consumed is, in the stomach and intestines, rendered fit to be assimilated by the system. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > [noun] > digestion defyingc1315 digestionc1386 digest1398 seething1398 concoction?1531 concocting1541 decoction1541 digesting1541 digesture1565 enduing1575 fleeting1581 elixation1621 coction1667 c1386 G. Chaucer Squire's Tale 339 The Norice of digestioun the sleepe. c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 169 Þat þe mete miȝte abide in þe stomak for to make digestion. 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 37 Heavinesse and care hinder digestion. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. ix. sig. V7 The kitchin clerke, that hight Digestion, Did order all th'Achates in seemely wise. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II i. iii. 229 Things sweet to taste, prooue in digestion sowre. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 4 His sleep Was Aerie light, from pure digestion bred. View more context for this quotation 1705 F. Fuller Medicina Gymnastica 172 I don't believe Digestion is perform'd by Putrefaction. 1834 H. McMurtrie tr. G. Cuvier Animal Kingdom (abridged ed.) 279 Insects vary infinitely as to the form of the organs of the mouth, and those of digestion. 1860 R. W. Emerson Fate in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 10 In certain men, digestion and sex absorb the vital force. 1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems xxiii Who can wonder? In all is health, digestion, Pure and vigorous. 1878 in G. P. Lathrop Masque of Poets 47 Is it trouble of conscience or morbid digestion? b. The analogous process in insectivorous plants. ΚΠ 1875 C. Darwin Insectivorous Plants vi. 85 It becomes an interesting inquiry, whether they [Drosera]..have the power of digestion. 1880 W. R. McNab Bot.: Outl. Morphol. & Physiol. iv. 96 The insects..are..covered with a secretion containing an acid, and a substance closely resembling pepsine, and a true process of digestion goes on similar to the digestion in the stomach of an animal. ΚΠ 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) v. xxxix. 154 The lyuer drawyth in to his holownes of the woos of the fyrst degestyon. 1608 Bp. J. Hall Epist. I. ii. ix. 176 To chuse the season for counsell..and that season is, after the first digestion of sorrow. 1609 W. B. tr. Philosophers Banquet i. ii. f. 4v The act digestiuely, is finished in the third digestion. 1659 T. Burton Diary (1828) IV. 207 If there be an error..of the first digestion, it is incurable. d. figurative. ΚΠ c1592 C. Marlowe Massacre at Paris ii. vi. (version in Dyce) Hote enough to worke Thy just degestione with extreamest shame. 1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. v. ii. §3. 391 If no other State gaue the Romans somewhat to trouble their digestion. e. slow of digestion, easy of digestion, hard of digestion: slow, easy, hard to be digested. So of hard (etc.) digestion: cf. 4. Also figurative. ΚΠ 1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) ii. xiii. 31 b It is slowe of digestion. 1599 H. Buttes Dyets Dry Dinner sig. M8v Oyster..somewhat hard of degestion. 1653 H. Holcroft tr. Procopius Persian Wars ii. 64 in tr. Procopius Hist. Warres Justinian Their laws hard of disgestion, and their commands intollerable. 1699 Bp. G. Burnet Expos. 39 Articles (1700) ix. 116 A Doctrine that seems to be of hard digestion to a great many. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 320 These conditions were not of an easy digestion. 1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet i. 253 Flesh roasted..not so easy of Digestion as boil'd. 1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. II. xxxi. 200 These points were of hard digestion with the princess. 1838 Penny Cycl. X. 343 Mucus..is deemed both nutritious and of easy digestion. 1863–72 H. Watts Dict. Chem. II. 327 Raw flesh is generally regarded as more difficult of digestion than boiled or roast meat. 2. The power or faculty of digesting food. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > [noun] > digestion > faculty or power of digestion1398 digesture1565 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) v. xlvi. 163 In wynter is grete appetyte and strong degestyon. c1450 (a1449) J. Lydgate Diatorie (Lamb. 853) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 54 Cleer eir & walking makiþ good digestioun. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xxi. sig. fiij A man hauing due concoction and digestion as is expedient. 1589 T. Nashe Anat. Absurditie sig. Diiiv Our disgestion would be better, if our dishes were fewer. a1710 South in Tatler No. 205. ⁋5 Every Morsel to a satisfied Hunger, is only a new Labour to a tired Digestion. 1846 G. E. Day tr. J. F. Simon Animal Chem. II. 41 Indications of a morbid digestion. 1861 F. Nightingale Notes on Nursing (new ed.) ii. 27 Weakness of digestion depends upon habits. 3. figurative. The action of digesting, or obtaining mental nourishment from (books, etc.). ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > [noun] > assimilating ideas imbibition1603 digestiona1610 intussusception1860 osmosis1930 a1610 J. Healey tr. Epictetus Manuall (1636) lxix. 90 Effectes following the due disgestion of verball precepts. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Surrey 80 He had a great appetite to Learning and a quick digestion. 1839 W. Irving Mountjoy in Knickerbocker Mag. Nov. 405 Glencoe supplied me with books, and I devoured them with appetite, if not digestion. 4. The action of putting up with or bearing without resistance; brooking, endurance. ? Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > calmness > patience > [noun] > forbearance or tolerance mercya1225 tholea1325 patiencyc1350 patiencea1382 abidingc1384 sustentationc1384 tack1412 tolerancya1556 digesture1567 toleration1582 acceptance1586 forbearance1599 brooking1624 digestion1653 tolerance1765 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures iv. 9 Having received so bold an answer..found it very rude, and hard of digestion. 1760 L. Sterne Serm. (1784) III. 6 The silent digestion of one wrong provokes a second. 5. Chemistry. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > digestion digestion1477 1477 T. Norton Ordinall of Alchimy v, in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 61 Then of divers degrees and of divers digestion, Colours will arise towards perfection. 1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors v. f. 67 Brasse, latine and suche lyke..differ in digestion, the copper beyng purest, is of best digestion. 1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors v. f. 68 Iron..also being of two extreame digestion, passing all other metalls in hardenes. 1594 H. Plat Diuerse Sorts of Soyle 32 in Jewell House It [sc. clay] should seeme to differ onely in digestion from marle. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §327 We conceive..that a perfect good Concoction, or Disgestion, or Maturation of some Metalls, will produce Gold. 1651 J. French Art Distillation i. 10 Digestion, is a concocting, or maturation of crude things by an easie, and gentle heat. 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 293 Their digestion or coagulation is more in some than in others. a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) iv. ii. 307 The latter [Minerals] seem to be Concretions and Digestions in the Bowels of the Earth. b. The operation of exposing a substance to the action of a liquid with the aid of heat, for the purpose of extracting the soluble constituents. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > digestion > with liquid digestion1612 1612 B. Jonson Alchemist ii. iii. sig. D4v [I put the ingredients] in a Bolts-head, nipp'd to digestion . View more context for this quotation 1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall xxii. 164 In our Digestions and Distillations. 1757 A. Cooper Compl. Distiller i. v. 32 A Vessel for Digestion, called by Chemists a Pelican or circulatory Vessel. 1807 T. Thomson Syst. Chem. (ed. 3) II. 366 The digestion was continued till the solution was complete. 1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) II. 19 When a solid substance..is left for a certain time in a fluid, and the mixture is kept exposed to a slow degree of heat, the process is called digestion. 1868 J. F. Royle Man. Materia Med. (ed. 5) 10 Digestion is similar to Maceration, but the action is promoted by a heat from 90° to 100°. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments removing or dispersing matter > [noun] > promoting or maturing suppuration digestion1676 1676 R. Wiseman Severall Chirurg. Treat. 111 I shewed him that by Digestion the remaining fleshy body..would come away. 1689 J. Moyle Abstr. Sea Chyrurg. ii. iv. 34 Prepare your fomentation to help on digestion. 1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. ii. 126 Lacerations are never cured without coming to Digestion. 1830 S. Cooper Dict. Pract. Surg. (ed. 6) 374 By the digestion of a wound or ulcer, the old Surgeons meant bringing it into a state, in which it formed healthy pus. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > planning > [noun] compassinga1300 compassmentc1300 ordainingc1350 ordinancec1385 imaginationa1393 conjectmentc1400 before-castinga1425 forecastinga1425 imagininga1449 conjectinga1450 machinationc1550 platforming1560 plotting1593 contrivement1599 agitation1600 contrival1602 contrivage1610 projection1611 projectment1611 contrivance1647 politics1650 digestion1680 planning1730 contriving1751 scheme1790 scheming1813 schemery1822 replanning1853 mapping1856 macroplanning1966 1680 W. Temple Surv. Constit. of Empire in Wks. (1731) I. 86 The Digestion of their Counsels is made in a Senate consisting of Forty Counsellors. a. The action of methodizing and reducing to order. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > [noun] > putting in order > reducing to order digestion1553 methodizing1646 methodization1827 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 106 Digestion is an ordely placyng of thynges, partyng every matter severally. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > summary or epitome > [noun] abbreviationa1464 summary1509 breve1523 bridgement1523 abbreviate1531 summulary1533 breviary1547 extract1549 digest1555 brief1563 promptuary1577 abbreviature1578 institute1578 breviation1580 breviate1581 compendiary1589 symbol1594 ramass1596 compendium1608 abridgement1609 digestment1610 digestion1613 epitome1623 abridge1634 comprisal1640 comprisurea1641 syntome1641 medulla1644 multum in parvo1653 contracta1657 landscape1656 comprehension1659 sylloge1686 contraction1697 résumé1782 compend1796 sum-up1848 roundup1884 wrap-up1960 1613 G. Chapman Reuenge Bussy D'Ambois v. sig. H4 The Chaos of eternall night, (To which the whole digestion of the world Is now returning). 1668 M. Hale Pref. Rolle's Abridgm. 7 Every Student..may easily Form unto himself a general Digestion of the Law. 1754 Farro (title) Royal Universal British Grammar and Vocabulary, being a digestion of the entire English Language into its proper parts of speech. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.c1386 |
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