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单词 digest
释义

digestn.

Brit. /ˈdʌɪdʒɛst/, U.S. /ˈdaɪˌdʒɛst/
Forms: Also Middle English dy-, 1600s dis-.
Etymology: < Latin dīgesta ‘matters digested’, a name given to various collections of writings arranged and distributed under heads; neuter plural of dīgestus , past participial of dīgerĕre : see digest v. The appearance of the senses in English, does not correspond in order to the original development.
1.
a. A digested collection of statements or information; a methodically arranged compendium or summary of literary, historical, legal, scientific, or other written matter.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > summary or epitome > [noun]
abbreviationa1464
summary1509
breve1523
bridgement1523
abbreviate1531
summulary1533
breviary1547
extract1549
digest1555
brief1563
promptuary1577
abbreviature1578
institute1578
breviation1580
breviate1581
compendiary1589
symbol1594
ramass1596
compendium1608
abridgement1609
digestment1610
digestion1613
epitome1623
abridge1634
comprisal1640
comprisurea1641
syntome1641
medulla1644
multum in parvo1653
contracta1657
landscape1656
comprehension1659
sylloge1686
contraction1697
résumé1782
compend1796
sum-up1848
roundup1884
wrap-up1960
1555 R. Braham in Lydgate's Auncient Hist. Warres betwixte Grecians & Troyans To Rdr. The verye trouthe therof is not to be had in theyr dygestes.
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Pp2 The Disposition..of that Knowledge..consisteth in a good Digest of Common Places. View more context for this quotation
1789 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) III. 14 This is a very elegant digest of whatever is known of the Greeks.
1825 T. B. Macaulay Milton in Edinb. Rev. Aug. 305 His digest of Scriptural texts.
1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) 313 Those popular digests of geological science which are now so common.
b. spec. A periodical composed wholly or mainly of condensed versions of articles, stories, etc., previously published elsewhere. Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > journalism > journal > periodical > [noun] > other periodicals
annals1763
scientific journal1797
story paper1849
woman's magazine1868
woman's mag1887
house journal1912
film magazine1916
digest1922
fan magazine1928
pulp magazine1929
confession magazine1931
slick1934
glossy1945
trade1949
photonovel1967
1922 (title) Reader's Digest.
1946 (title) The Literary Digest. A monthly magazine of popular literary interest.
1957 Times Lit. Suppl. 11 Oct. 604/4 The Chaplain's loving biography has been edited on the principles of ‘condensed reading’, as popularized by the ‘digest’ kind of magazine.
1958 J. Cannan And be Villain i. 6 Mad ideas they'd got from medical articles in Digests.
1967 G. Steiner Lang. & Silence 258 A time of fantastic intellectual cheapness,..the century of the book club, the digest, and the hundred great ideas on the instalment plan.
2. Law.
a. An abstract, or collection in condensed form, of some body of law, systematically arranged.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > written law > [noun] > code of laws > abstract of
paratitle1610
digesta1626
a1626 F. Bacon (title) An Offer to King James, of a Digest to be made of the Laws of England.
1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 38 The Digests of the Jewish Law.
1681 W. Robertson Phraseologia generalis (1693) 471 Digests, gathered out of the 37 civilians.
1724 A. Collins Disc. Grounds Christian Relig. 14 A Digest of System of Laws for the Government of the Church.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 66 Out of these three laws..king Edward the confessor extracted one uniform law or digest of laws.
1792 J. Wilson in J. Sparks Corr. Amer. Revol. (1853) IV. 388 A digest of the laws of the United States.
1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 126 Lord Chief Baron Comyn, in his Digest, states the case in Dyer as having decided that [etc.].
1869 G. Rawlinson Man. Anc. Hist. 357 The code of the Twelve Tables..was a most valuable digest of the early Roman law.
b. spec. The body of Roman laws compiled from the earlier jurists by order of the Emperor Justinian. (The earliest use in English.)
ΘΚΠ
society > law > written law > [noun] > code of laws > code of Roman law
codea1387
digesta1387
pandect1531
codice1564
codex1577
basilics1728
basilica-
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 255 Iustinianus..made and restored þe lawes of digest.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 213/2 Digest, a boke in lawe, digeste.
1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. II. iii. viii. sig. Mm.ii/2 The lawes and constitutions of Princes..found either in the Code, in the booke of Digestes, or Pandectes.
1660 R. Burney Κέρδιστον Δῶρον 115 All they read in the Pandects, Digests and Codes in the Statute and common Law-books.
1845 J. T. Graves Rom. Law in Encycl. Metrop. 762/1 Notes on the laws of the Twelve Tables according to the order of the Institutes and the first part of the Digest.
1886 W. Stubbs 17 Lect. Study Hist. xiii. 306 If you take any well-drawn case of litigation in the middle ages..you will find that its citations from the Code and Digest are at least as numerous as from the Decretum.
3. = digestion n. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > [noun] > digestion
defyingc1315
digestionc1386
digest1398
seething1398
concoction?1531
concocting1541
decoction1541
digesting1541
digesture1565
enduing1575
fleeting1581
elixation1621
coction1667
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xvii. ii. (Bodl. 3738) Yf a plante shall be durable: it nedyth that it haue humour wt good dygest and fatty. So plantes yt haue humour w[ythou]t good digestion wydre sone in grete colde.
1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 29v Some giue him meate, but leaue it not disgest, Some tickle him, but are from pleasing farre.

Draft additions 1993

4. Biology. A substance obtained by digestion with heat, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > substance > [noun] > other types of
fibroin1861
micella1881
digest1918
bone-seeker1947
target tissue1960
biomineral1972
1918 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 23 72 This blood digest..is exceedingly cheap... We have used it as an equivalent substitute for other digests and found it to be excellent for the growth of delicate-growing organisms, like streptococci.
1930 C. L. Evans Starling's Princ. Human Physiol. (ed. 5) xxviii. 539 The stages in the action of saliva on boiled starch can be followed more easily when a very small amount of saliva is added to some starch solution at 37°, and portions of the digest are tested at intervals.
1983 J. R. S. Fincham Genetics xiv. 390 These workers isolated DNA from rabbit liver nuclei and digested it with each of six restriction endonucleases... Each of the digests was subjected to electrophoresis.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

digestadj.

Forms: Also 1500s Scottish de-.
Etymology: < Latin dīgestus, past participial of dīgerĕre to digest v.
Obsolete.
1. as past participle and adj. Digested.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > [adjective] > reduced to order
digesta1398
methodizeda1586
digested1598
reduct1641
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > [adjective] > digested
digesta1398
concoct1534
decoct1541
well-digesteda1594
digested1611
concocted1647
subacted1822
the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [adjective] > prepared or ready > mature or matured
digesta1398
ripea1398
fledge1398
concoct1534
seasoned1545
well-seasoned1545
ripened1561
seeded1567
fledged1579
thorough-seasoned1605
matured1626
well-matured1626
advanced1646
concocted1647
digested1657
well-digested1657
predigested1663
maturated1698
drop-ripe1724
well-developed1769
mellowed1798
fully-fledged1906
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. lxxiv. 964 Grene fruyte rawe and nought digeste greueþ bodyes and makeþ hem swelle.
1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1840) 195 Whan Phebus entrith in the Ariete, Digest humoures upward doon hem dresse.
a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 6 Take þe beste horse dounge þat may be had þat is weel digest.
2. adj. Composed, settled, grave. Scottish.
ΚΠ
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 79 Quhair no thing ferme is nor degest.
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 182 Sing In haly kirk with mynd degest.
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xii. i. 45 Kyng Latyn tho with sad and degest mynd To hym answeris.
1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. Miijv With gracis graue, and gesture maist digest.
a1600 A. Montgomerie Misc. Poems l. 21 Sa grave, sa gracious, and digest.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

digestv.

/dɪˈdʒɛst//dʌɪˈdʒɛst/
Forms: α. Middle English–1500s degest(e, Middle English– digest, (1500s dejest, dygest, Scottish degeist). β. Middle English desgest(e, 1500s–1600s (1800s dialect) disgest, 1600s disjest.
Etymology: < Latin dīgest-, participial stem of dīgerĕre to carry asunder, separate, divide, distribute, dissolve, digest, < dī- = dis- (di- prefix1) apart, asunder + gerĕre to carry. Compare Old French digester (15th cent. in Godefroy). A parallel form with the prefix as dis- was frequent in the 16th and 17th centuries (and is still dialect); in earlier times, the French modifications des-, de-, are found.
1.
a. transitive. To divide and dispose, to distribute.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > distribute or deal out [verb (transitive)]
britteneOE
to-dealeOE
dealOE
britOE
setc1275
dispensec1374
dispendc1375
to-seta1387
dispone1429
disposec1430
sparple1435
demean1439
distributea1464
distribue1477
issuec1484
communy1530
to deal out1535
impart1545
disperse1555
retail1576
digest1578
deliver1626
to hand out1648
to dispose of1676
dispensate1701
dole1701
to give out1710
sling1860
to give away1889
to pass out1926
dish1934
α.
1578 J. Banister Hist. Man v. f. 70v Two Nerues..are digested into the bottome of the ventricle.
1610 R. Niccols Winter Nights Vision in Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) 763 (T.) I did digest my bands in battell-ray.
?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xvi. 187 All these digested thus In fit place by the mighty son of royal Peleus.
1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. 341 That Jerusalem was digested and methodized into severall streets is most certain.
1675 H. Neville tr. N. Machiavelli Prince xii, in tr. N. Machiavelli Wks. 216 They changed their Militia into horse, which being digested into Troops [etc.].
β. 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin iii. 150 Afore this nauie could be disgested into order and poynt.
b. To disperse, dissipate. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > drive away > dispel (cloud, gloom, or immaterial things)
overdriveOE
discuss?c1400
digesta1513
profligate1542
depel?1548
foil1548
sperse1580
disparkle1601
redisperse1621
dispela1631
fray1635
dissipate1691
α.
a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xii. sig. e.i Some of his louers..Gaue hym theyr counseyll..unto melody, all thoughtes to degest.
a1547 King Henry VIII in F. J. Furnivall R. Laneham's Let. Pref. (1871) 149 Company me thynkes then best, All thoughtes & fancys to deiest.
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) Prol. 7 The quhilkis humours nocht beand degeistit, mycht be occasione to dul ther spreit.
1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Bath It does by insensible transpiration digest and dissipate superfluous humours.
β. 1565 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. i. 25 Some meane that may thie greves disgest.1604 T. Wright Passions of Minde (new ed.) v. 160 Musicke..[to] rectifie the blood and spirits, and consequently disgest melancholy.
2. To dispose methodically or according to a system; to reduce into a systematic form, usually with condensation; to classify.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > clarity > give (thought) clear expression [verb (transitive)] > make orderly
digest1482
α.
1482 Monk of Evesham 28 He told thees thynges the whiche here after be digestyd and wreten.
1562 Act 5 Eliz. c. 4 §1 The Substance of..the said Laws..shall be digested and reduceed into one sole Law and Statute.
1668 M. Hale Pref. Rolle's Abridgm. 8 The Civil Law is digested into general Heads.
1704 J. Swift Disc. Mech. Operat. Spirit in Tale of Tub 285 I have had no manner of Time to digest it into Order, or correct the Style.
1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1738 I. 58 The debates in Parliament, which were brought home and digested by Guthrie.
1862 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 3) xix. §1. 301 Every government is bound to digest the whole law into a code.
1875 E. White Life in Christ (1876) ii. xiii. 152 To digest these testimonies into definite forms.
β. 1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas sig. F.j A strange deuise, and sure my Lord wil laugh, To see it so, desgested in degrees.1676 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 358 Purposely to disgest some notes for the press.
3. To settle and arrange methodically in the mind; to consider, think or ponder over.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > thinking about, consideration, deliberation > consider, deliberate [verb (transitive)]
i-thenchec897
showeOE
i-mune971
thinkOE
overthinkOE
takec1175
umbethinkc1175
waltc1200
bethinkc1220
wend?c1225
weighc1380
delivera1382
peisea1382
considerc1385
musec1390
to look over ——a1393
advise?c1400
debatec1400
roll?c1400
revert?a1425
advertc1425
deliberc1425
movec1425
musec1425
revolvec1425
contemplec1429
overseec1440
to think overc1440
perpend1447
roil1447
pondera1450
to eat inc1450
involvec1470
ponderate?a1475
reputec1475
counterpoise1477
poisea1483
traversec1487
umbecast1487
digest1488
undercast1489
overhalec1500
rumble1519
volve?1520
compassa1522
recount1526
trutinate1528
cast1530
expend1531
ruminate1533
concoct1534
contemplate1538
deliberate1540
revolute1553
chawa1558
to turn over1568
cud1569
cogitate1570
huik1570
chew1579
meditatec1580
discourse1581
speculate1599
theorize1599
scance1603
verse1614
pensitate1623
agitate1629
spell1633
view1637
study1659
designa1676
introspect1683
troll1685
balance1692
to figure on or upon1837
reflect1862
mull1873
to mull over1874
scour1882
mill1905
α.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) viii. l. 1430 Wer or pes, quhat so ȝow likis best, Lat ȝour hye witt and gud consaill degest.
a1505 R. Henryson Test. Cresseid 302 in Poems (1981) 120 Than thus proceidit Saturne and the Mone Quhen thay the mater rypelie had degest.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xx When the kyng had long digested and studied on this matter.
1612 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. I. i. ii. 136 When hee had somwhat digested his thoughts, and considered.
1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §130 I digested a plan for the keeping our accounts and correspondence.
1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. ii. xi. 261 The regent was busy in digesting the plan of compromise.
β. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccvii. f. cxxviiiv Whanne kynge Henry had wele desgested in his mynde the wrongful trouble that he..hadde put the Duke vnto.1637 T. Heywood Royall King i. sig. B2v Come to horse, And as we ride, our farther plots disgest.
4.
a. To prepare (food) in the stomach and intestines for assimilation by the system; see digestion n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > digest [verb (transitive)]
seetheOE
defy1362
fyc1390
brookc1400
convertc1400
enduec1430
sleep1481
digest1483
concoct1533
decoct1541
diger?1541
confect1578
coque1615
concorporate1656
coct1662
swage1768
stomach1822
digerate-
α.
1483 Cath. Angl. 99/2 To Digeste, digerere.
a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. Clxxxxii .xij. baskettes of breedes, that they coude not eate & digest.
1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 127v I digested the Pill which had almost choakt mee.
1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia Isagoge sig. C7 The skinne..even of rosted pigge..can hardly be well digested of a strong stomach.
1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 7 The cattle..cannot digest tobacco.
1836 A. Combe Physiol. Digestion (ed. 2) ii. vi. 333 To diminish the food to such a quantity as the stomach can digest.
β. a1536 W. Tyndale Wks. 234 (R.) That thy stomacke shall disgeste the meate that thou puttest into it.1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. C4 It is..a hard matter to disgest salt meates at Sea.1600 S. Rowlands Letting of Humors Blood vi. 75 Blowne drinke is odious, what man can disiest it?1681 W. Robertson Phraseologia generalis (1693) 482 To disgest or digest what one eats.1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Disgest, to digest.1892 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Disgest.
b. absol.
ΚΠ
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 516/1 He maye boldely eate well, for he dygesteth well.
?1533 G. Du Wes Introductorie for to lerne Frenche sig. Cci A body..may nat degeste without holding that mete.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 412 Every lower facultie..whereby they hear, see, smell..digest, assimilate. View more context for this quotation
1707 J. Floyer Physician's Pulse-watch 85 Fishes and Birds want a Diaphragm, and yet Digest well.
1858 A. H. Clough Amours de Voyage in Atlantic Monthly Mar. 537 Each has to eat for himself, digest for himself.
c. Applied to the action of insectivorous plants.
ΚΠ
1875 C. Darwin Insectivorous Plants xiii. 311 Mrs. Treat..informs me that several leaves caught successively three insects each, but most of them were not able to digest the third fly.
1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 100 The power..of digesting animal substance and absorbing it as nourishment..known in the case of the peculiarly-formed leaves of Droseraceæ.
d. intransitive (for reflexive). Of the food: To undergo digestion.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [verb (intransitive)] > be digested or undergo digestion
defyc1315
digest1568
enduec1575
concoct1620
sit1645
settle1944
1568 T. Hill Certaine Husbandly Coniectures iv. f. 63, in Proffitable Arte Gardening (rev. ed.) Weathers ouer olde, are to be refused in eatyng, in that they..smally nourishe and hardly digestinge [1574 disgest].
1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. D7 Fall to, and neuer may your meat digest.
a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) i. i. 30 My Blood circulates, my Meat digests..without any intention of mind to assist their actings.
1858 C. Patmore Betrothal ix, in Angel in House (ed. 2) I. 109 The best [fare], Wanting this natural condiment..will not digest.
e. transitive. To cause or promote the digestion of (food).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > digest [verb (transitive)] > cause
digest1608
1608 T. Middleton Your Fiue Gallants sig. D4 It comes like cheese after a great feast, to disgest the rest.
1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 144 French wines may be sayed but to pickle meat in the stomack, but this is the wine that disgests.
1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey II. ix. 409 Drain this goblet, potent to digest.
f. to digest the stomach: to promote the action of the stomach in digestion. Cf. defy v.2 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [verb (intransitive)] > be digested or undergo digestion > promote digestion
to defy the stomach, a person1393
to digest the stomachc1460
c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 947 Youre souerayne aftir mete his stomak to digest yef he wille take a slepe hym self þere for to rest.
1596 J. Smythe in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Lit. Men (1843) (Camden) 91 Drynckinge wynes dyvers tymes to disgest and comforte my stomacke.
5. figurative and transferred (from the digestion of food).
ΚΠ
1576 A. Fleming tr. Erasmus in Panoplie Epist. 341 He maketh suche to love learning..as before coulde by no meanes digest it.
1612 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. I. i. iv. 354 The fire digests the rawnesse of the night.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) i. ii. 301 This Rudenesse is a Sawce to his good Wit, Which giues men stomacke to disgest his words.
1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 38 This Opinion, I say, I can hardly digest.
1835 I. Taylor Spiritual Despotism v. 221 The Church..had made great progress in digesting those arrogant principles.
1889 Spectator 9 Nov. 621/2 The Hapsburgs..have not digested Bosnia completely yet.
intransitive.1608 Bp. J. Hall Epist. I. ii. ix. 175 Passions must haue leasure to digest.
6.
a. To bear without resistance; to brook, endure, put up with; to ‘swallow, stomach’.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > calmness > patience > endure patiently [verb (transitive)] > bear with or tolerate
forbearc897
tholec950
bearOE
abidec1300
bidea1325
takec1330
suffer1340
wielda1375
to have patience with (also in, toward)c1384
supportc1384
to sit with ——c1400
sustainc1400
thulgec1400
acceptc1405
to away with1528
brook1530
well away1533
to bear with —1538
digest1553
to comport with1565
stand1567
purse?1571
to put up1573
well away1579
comport1588
fadge1592
abrook1594
to come away1594
to take up with1609
swallow1611
embracea1616
to pack up1624
concocta1627
to set down bya1630
to take with ——1632
tolerate1646
brook1658
stomach1677
pouch1819
α.
1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique iii. f. 92 Beinge greued with a matter, we saye communelye we cannot digest it.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 289 It can neuer be, They will digest this harsh indignitie. View more context for this quotation
a1625 S. Rowlands Terrible Battell 33 Can you so ill digest to heare your crimes?
1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. 298 The publique Danger was such, as might well have digested an extraordinary undertaking.
1798 H. Walpole Reminisc. in Lett. (1857) I. ix. p. cxl He..could not digest total dependence on a capricious..grandmother.
1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. II. v. iv. 30 This wanton..attack..is too much even for me to digest.
1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. ii. vi. 136 The forty thousand..have to..digest their spleen, or reabsorb it into the blood.]
β. 1592 W. Wyrley Lord Chandos in True Vse Armorie 48 Too great abusage, which he not disgested.1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 247 Mahomet could not well disgest the losse he had so lately receiued.a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Chesh. 179 His quick and strong Appetite, could disgest any thing but an Injury.
b. To get over the effects of. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restoration of a person > recovery from misfortune, error, etc. > [verb (transitive)]
overcomea1225
recoverc1330
overputa1382
overpassa1387
passa1500
digest1577
to put over1593
outwear1598
overseta1600
to make a saving game of it1600
repassa1631
to get over ——1662
overgeta1729
overcast1788
overa1800
1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. viii. xviii. 156 Of the phisicians, some not able to digest that wonderfull noysome stinche were slayne.
1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 14v In this sort they refreshed themselues three or foure dayes, vntil they had digested the seas, & recouered again their healths.
1598 R. Barckley Disc. Felicitie of Man v. 366 When he hath disgested so many euils, and come to be seaven yeares olde.
1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. vii. 317 He had not yet disgested his late deposal from the Lieutenancy of Ireland.
1834 S. T. Coleridge Table-talk 12 Jan. I never can digest the loss of most of Origen's works.
7. To comprehend and assimilate mentally; to obtain mental nourishment from.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > have knowledge, know [verb (transitive)]
i-witec900
wit971
yknowOE
canOE
i-kenc1000
seeOE
yknowOE
understanda1131
knowlOE
can (or could) skillc1340
cona1387
havec1405
kyd1530
weeta1547
digest1549
wist1580
wis1606
savvy1686
sabe1850
α.
1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Celebr. Holye Communion f. viiiv Read, marke, learne, and inwardly digeste them.
a1592 H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 81 Record when you are gone, and you shall see the great power of God, what he is able to do for you by one sentence of this book, if ye digest it well.
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvi. 147 Memory to retain, digest and apply.
1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. ii. xiv. 103 This new Philosophy seems difficult to digest.
1858 N. Hawthorne Fr. & Ital. Jrnls. I. 265 Having had as many pictures as I could digest.
1866 R. Chambers Ess. 1st Ser. 149 He likes to digest what he reads.
1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar ix. 94 It might be that they would digest their lesson after all.
β. 1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie vi. 33 Mee thinkes this is harde, and as for that, I cannot disgest it.1597 J. Payne Royall Exchange 43 Hartilie wishinge maryed folkes no less to mark and disgest, then to reade the words of the Apostle.1643 D. Digges Unlawfulnesse Subj. i. 8 By these generalls throughly disgested, and rightly applied, we shall be able to rule particular decisions.
8.
a. To mature, or bring to a state of perfection, especially by the action of heat. Also figurative. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > mature
perfecta1398
ripea1398
season1545
ripen?1560
digest1607
mature1626
maturate1628
enripena1631
age1675
august1855
1607 R. Parker Scholasticall Disc. against Antichrist i. iv. 176 There wanteth the heate of the Nurse that doth digest and concockt the milke to make it sweet.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §327 They are ever Temperate Heats that Disgest and Mature.
a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1660) i. i. 9 An inward beauty..which cannot be known but onely then when it is digested into life and practice.
1655 E. Terry Voy. E.-India 95 They [sc. Musk Melons] are better digested there by the heat of the Sun, than these with us.
1700 H. Wanley in Pepys' Diary VI. 233 A love and respect for his person which time..does digest into a habit.
a1708 W. Beveridge Private Thoughts Relig. (1709) 101 God..having digested the Conditions to be perform'd by us into Promises to be fulfil'd by Himself.
b. intransitive (for reflexive)
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > earth > actions of earth [verb (intransitive)] > mature
digest1726
1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 31 We are..not to make our Bricks of Earth fresh dug, but to dig it in the Autumn, and leave it to digest all Winter.
9.
a. transitive. To mature (a tumour), to cause to suppurate; also absol. to promote healthy suppuration. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments removing or dispersing matter > remove or disperse [verb (transitive)] > promote or mature suppuration
maturea1400
maturate?1541
digest1551
1551 W. Turner Herball (1568) i. B vij a Marrysh mallowe soden in wyne..maketh rype or digesteth.
1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. iv. ii. f. 42v It doeth digest and maturate tumours.
1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clxxiii. 498 The garden rue disgesteth, and mightily comforteth all inflammations.
1639 J. Woodall Treat. Plague in Surgeons Mate (rev. ed.) 366 The which Medicine doth speedily digest and suppurate a Bubo.
1767 B. Gooch Pract. Treat. Wounds I. 159 The contused parts in a wound must separate and be digested off.
b. intransitive (for reflexive). To suppurate. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > suppurate [verb (intransitive)]
whealc1000
rank?a1300
ranklec1330
festera1400
putrefya1400
quittera1400
suppure?a1425
to come to a head1566
undercot1591
suppurate1615
youster1691
digest1722
maturate1726
1722 W. Cheselden Anat. Humane Body (ed. 2) iv. i. 216 I..tied the Artery alone, which..digested off in a Weeks time.
1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxi. 315 Try such Things as will bring the Matter to suppurate or digest.
1754–64 W. Smellie Treat. Midwifery III. 295 The swelling subsided, the lacerated parts digested.
10.
a. transitive. To prepare by boiling or application of heat; to dissolve by the aid of heat and moisture.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to digestion
digest1600
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > action of boiling > boil or cause to boil [verb (transitive)] > prepare or produce by boiling
boilc1325
seethe?a1500
digest1600
1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. i. 424 After it hath beene the second time digd and dunged, or marled, you must let it rest and digest his dung and marle.
1700 R. Blackmore Job 226 Th' Almighty Chymist..Digests his Lightnings, and distills his Rain.
1791 W. Hamilton tr. C.-L. Berthollet Elements Art of Dyeing II. ii. ii. i. 48 Powdered indigo digested in alcohol gave a yellow tincture.
1805 C. Hatchett in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 95 218 Some deal saw dust was digested with the nitric acid until it was completely dissolved.
1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 94 Digest the bark in alcohol, evaporate the alcoholic solution to dryness.
b. intransitive (for reflexive). To dissolve in gentle heat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > making or becoming liquid > action or process of dissolving > dissolve [verb (intransitive)] > in heat
digest1578
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lvi. 397 Putting the Scammonie to boyle, or digest in a Quince.
1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 206/1 Put then this oyle in a glasse..Close the glasse verye well, and let it ther digeste, as long as pleaseth you.
1652 N. Culpeper Eng. Physitian Enlarged (1809) 382 Let them stand to digest twelve or fourteen days.
1738 G. Smith tr. Laboratory ii. 53 Afterwards set it in Bal. Mariæ..to digest for a Fortnight.
1895 Manch. Weekly Times 26 Apr. (Suppl.) 7/4 Put your orange extract..in some equally warm place, and let it ‘digest’ for at least six months.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.a1387adj.a1398v.c1460
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