digestn.

Brit.

/ˈdʌɪdʒɛst/, U.S.

/ˈdaɪˌdʒɛst/

Forms: Also Middle English dy-, 1600s dis-.

Etymology: < Latin dīgesta ‘matters digested’, a name given to various collections of writings arranged and distributed under heads; neuter plural of dīgestus , past participial of dīgerĕre : see digest v. The appearance of the senses in English, does not correspond in order to the original development.

a. A digested collection of statements or information; a methodically arranged compendium or summary of literary, historical, legal, scientific, or other written matter.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > summary or epitome > [noun]

abbreviationa1464

summary1509

breve1523

bridgement1523

abbreviate1531

summulary1533

breviary1547

extract1549

digest1555

brief1563

promptuary1577

abbreviature1578

institute1578

breviation1580

breviate1581

compendiary1589

symbol1594

ramass1596

compendium1608

abridgement1609

digestment1610

digestion1613

epitome1623

abridge1634

comprisal1640

comprisurea1641

syntome1641

medulla1644

multum in parvo1653

contracta1657

landscape1656

comprehension1659

sylloge1686

contraction1697

résumé1782

compend1796

sum-up1848

roundup1884

wrap-up1960

1555 R. Braham in Lydgate's Auncient Hist. Warres betwixte Grecians & Troyans To Rdr. The verye trouthe therof is not to be had in theyr dygestes.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Pp2 The Disposition..of that Knowledge..consisteth in a good Digest of Common Places.

1789 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) III. 14 This is a very elegant digest of whatever is known of the Greeks.

1825 T. B. Macaulay Milton in Edinb. Rev. Aug. 305 His digest of Scriptural texts.

1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) 313 Those popular digests of geological science which are now so common.

b. spec. A periodical composed wholly or mainly of condensed versions of articles, stories, etc., previously published elsewhere. Also attributive.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > journalism > journal > periodical > [noun] > other periodicals

annals1763

scientific journal1797

story paper1849

woman's magazine1868

woman's mag1887

house journal1912

film magazine1916

digest1922

fan magazine1928

pulp magazine1929

confession magazine1931

slick1934

glossy1945

trade1949

photonovel1967

1922 (title) Reader's Digest.

1946 (title) The Literary Digest. A monthly magazine of popular literary interest.

1957 Times Lit. Suppl. 11 Oct. 604/4 The Chaplain's loving biography has been edited on the principles of ‘condensed reading’, as popularized by the ‘digest’ kind of magazine.

1958 J. Cannan And be Villain i. 6 Mad ideas they'd got from medical articles in Digests.

1967 G. Steiner Lang. & Silence 258 A time of fantastic intellectual cheapness,..the century of the book club, the digest, and the hundred great ideas on the instalment plan.

2. Law.

a. An abstract, or collection in condensed form, of some body of law, systematically arranged.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > written law > [noun] > code of laws > abstract of

paratitle1610

digesta1626

a1626 F. Bacon (title) An Offer to King James, of a Digest to be made of the Laws of England.

1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 38 The Digests of the Jewish Law.

1681 W. Robertson Phraseologia generalis (1693) 471 Digests, gathered out of the 37 civilians.

1724 A. Collins Disc. Grounds Christian Relig. 14 A Digest of System of Laws for the Government of the Church.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 66 Out of these three laws..king Edward the confessor extracted one uniform law or digest of laws.

1792 J. Wilson in J. Sparks Corr. Amer. Revol. (1853) IV. 388 A digest of the laws of the United States.

1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 126 Lord Chief Baron Comyn, in his Digest, states the case in Dyer as having decided that [etc.].

1869 G. Rawlinson Man. Anc. Hist. 357 The code of the Twelve Tables..was a most valuable digest of the early Roman law.

b. spec. The body of Roman laws compiled from the earlier jurists by order of the Emperor Justinian. (The earliest use in English.)

ΘΚΠ

society > law > written law > [noun] > code of laws > code of Roman law

codea1387

digesta1387

pandect1531

codice1564

codex1577

basilics1728

basilica-

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 255 Iustinianus..made and restored þe lawes of digest.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 213/2 Digest, a boke in lawe, digeste.

1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. II. iii. viii. sig. Mm.ii/2 The lawes and constitutions of Princes..found either in the Code, in the booke of Digestes, or Pandectes.

1660 R. Burney Κέρδιστον Δῶρον 115 All they read in the Pandects, Digests and Codes in the Statute and common Law-books.

1845 J. T. Graves Rom. Law in Encycl. Metrop. 762/1 Notes on the laws of the Twelve Tables according to the order of the Institutes and the first part of the Digest.

1886 W. Stubbs 17 Lect. Study Hist. xiii. 306 If you take any well-drawn case of litigation in the middle ages..you will find that its citations from the Code and Digest are at least as numerous as from the Decretum.

†3. = digestion n. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > [noun] > digestion

defyingc1315

digestionc1386

digest1398

seething1398

concoction?1531

concocting1541

decoction1541

digesting1541

digesture1565

enduing1575

fleeting1581

elixation1621

coction1667

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xvii. ii. (Bodl. 3738) Yf a plante shall be durable: it nedyth that it haue humour w^t good dygest and fatty. So plantes y^t haue humour w[ythou]t good digestion wydre sone in grete colde.

1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 29^v Some giue him meate, but leaue it not disgest, Some tickle him, but are from pleasing farre.

Draft additions 1993

4. Biology. A substance obtained by digestion with heat, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > [noun] > other types of

fibroin1861

micella1881

digest1918

bone-seeker1947

target tissue1960

biomineral1972

1918 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 23 72 This blood digest..is exceedingly cheap... We have used it as an equivalent substitute for other digests and found it to be excellent for the growth of delicate-growing organisms, like streptococci.

1930 C. L. Evans Starling's Princ. Human Physiol. (ed. 5) xxviii. 539 The stages in the action of saliva on boiled starch can be followed more easily when a very small amount of saliva is added to some starch solution at 37°, and portions of the digest are tested at intervals.

1983 J. R. S. Fincham Genetics xiv. 390 These workers isolated DNA from rabbit liver nuclei and digested it with each of six restriction endonucleases... Each of the digests was subjected to electrophoresis.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

digestv.

/dɪˈdʒɛst/

/dʌɪˈdʒɛst/

Forms: α. Middle English–1500s degest(e, Middle English– digest, (1500s dejest, dygest, Scottish degeist). β. Middle English desgest(e, 1500s–1600s (1800s dialect) disgest, 1600s disjest.

Etymology: < Latin dīgest-, participial stem of dīgerĕre to carry asunder, separate, divide, distribute, dissolve, digest, < dī- = dis- (di- prefix¹) apart, asunder + gerĕre to carry. Compare Old French digester (15th cent. in Godefroy). A parallel form with the prefix as dis- was frequent in the 16th and 17th centuries (and is still dialect); in earlier times, the French modifications des-, de-, are found.

†1.

a. transitive. To divide and dispose, to distribute.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > distribute or deal out [verb (transitive)]

britteneOE

to-dealeOE

dealOE

britOE

setc1275

dispensec1374

dispendc1375

to-seta1387

dispone1429

disposec1430

sparple1435

demean1439

distributea1464

distribue1477

issuec1484

communy1530

to deal out1535

impart1545

disperse1555

retail1576

digest1578

deliver1626

to hand out1648

to dispose of1676

dispensate1701

dole1701

to give out1710

sling1860

to give away1889

to pass out1926

dish1934

α.

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man v. f. 70^v Two Nerues..are digested into the bottome of the ventricle.

1610 R. Niccols Winter Nights Vision in Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) 763 (T.) I did digest my bands in battell-ray.

?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xvi. 187 All these digested thus In fit place by the mighty son of royal Peleus.

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. 341 That Jerusalem was digested and methodized into severall streets is most certain.

1675 H. Neville tr. N. Machiavelli Prince xii, in tr. N. Machiavelli Wks. 216 They changed their Militia into horse, which being digested into Troops [etc.].

β. 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin iii. 150 Afore this nauie could be disgested into order and poynt.

†b. To disperse, dissipate. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > drive away > dispel (cloud, gloom, or immaterial things)

overdriveOE

discuss?c1400

digesta1513

profligate1542

depel?1548

foil1548

sperse1580

disparkle1601

redisperse1621

dispela1631

fray1635

dissipate1691

α.

a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xii. sig. e.i Some of his louers..Gaue hym theyr counseyll..unto melody, all thoughtes to degest.

a1547 King Henry VIII in F. J. Furnivall R. Laneham's Let. Pref. (1871) 149 Company me thynkes then best, All thoughtes & fancys to deiest.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) Prol. 7 The quhilkis humours nocht beand degeistit, mycht be occasione to dul ther spreit.

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Bath It does by insensible transpiration digest and dissipate superfluous humours.

β. 1565 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. i. 25 Some meane that may thie greves disgest.1604 T. Wright Passions of Minde (new ed.) v. 160 Musicke..[to] rectifie the blood and spirits, and consequently disgest melancholy.

2. To dispose methodically or according to a system; to reduce into a systematic form, usually with condensation; to classify.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > clarity > give (thought) clear expression [verb (transitive)] > make orderly

digest1482

α.

1482 Monk of Evesham 28 He told thees thynges the whiche here after be digestyd and wreten.

1562 Act 5 Eliz. c. 4 §1 The Substance of..the said Laws..shall be digested and reduceed into one sole Law and Statute.

1668 M. Hale Pref. Rolle's Abridgm. 8 The Civil Law is digested into general Heads.

1704 J. Swift Disc. Mech. Operat. Spirit in Tale of Tub 285 I have had no manner of Time to digest it into Order, or correct the Style.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1738 I. 58 The debates in Parliament, which were brought home and digested by Guthrie.

1862 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 3) xix. §1. 301 Every government is bound to digest the whole law into a code.

1875 E. White Life in Christ (1876) ii. xiii. 152 To digest these testimonies into definite forms.

β. 1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas sig. F.j A strange deuise, and sure my Lord wil laugh, To see it so, desgested in degrees.1676 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 358 Purposely to disgest some notes for the press.

3. To settle and arrange methodically in the mind; to consider, think or ponder over.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > thinking about, consideration, deliberation > consider, deliberate [verb (transitive)]

i-thenchec897

showeOE

i-mune971

thinkOE

overthinkOE

takec1175

umbethinkc1175

waltc1200

bethinkc1220

wend?c1225

weighc1380

delivera1382

peisea1382

considerc1385

musec1390

to look over ——a1393

advise?c1400

debatec1400

roll?c1400

revert?a1425

advertc1425

deliberc1425

movec1425

musec1425

revolvec1425

contemplec1429

overseec1440

to think overc1440

perpend1447

roil1447

pondera1450

to eat inc1450

involvec1470

ponderate?a1475

reputec1475

counterpoise1477

poisea1483

traversec1487

umbecast1487

digest1488

undercast1489

overhalec1500

rumble1519

volve?1520

compassa1522

recount1526

trutinate1528

cast1530

expend1531

ruminate1533

concoct1534

contemplate1538

deliberate1540

revolute1553

chawa1558

to turn over1568

cud1569

cogitate1570

huik1570

chew1579

meditatec1580

discourse1581

speculate1599

theorize1599

scance1603

verse1614

pensitate1623

agitate1629

spell1633

study1659

designa1676

introspect1683

troll1685

balance1692

to figure on or upon1837

reflect1862

mull1873

to mull over1874

scour1882

mill1905

α.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) viii. l. 1430 Wer or pes, quhat so ȝow likis best, Lat ȝour hye witt and gud consaill degest.

a1505 R. Henryson Test. Cresseid 302 in Poems (1981) 120 Than thus proceidit Saturne and the Mone Quhen thay the mater rypelie had degest.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xx When the kyng had long digested and studied on this matter.

1612 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. I. i. ii. 136 When hee had somwhat digested his thoughts, and considered.

1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §130 I digested a plan for the keeping our accounts and correspondence.

1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. ii. xi. 261 The regent was busy in digesting the plan of compromise.

β. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccvii. f. cxxviii^v Whanne kynge Henry had wele desgested in his mynde the wrongful trouble that he..hadde put the Duke vnto.1637 T. Heywood Royall King i. sig. B2^v Come to horse, And as we ride, our farther plots disgest.

a. To prepare (food) in the stomach and intestines for assimilation by the system; see digestion n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > digest [verb (transitive)]

seetheOE

defy1362

fyc1390

brookc1400

convertc1400

enduec1430

sleep1481

digest1483

concoct1533

decoct1541

diger?1541

confect1578

coque1615

concorporate1656

coct1662

swage1768

stomach1822

digerate-

α.

1483 Cath. Angl. 99/2 To Digeste, digerere.

a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. Clxxxxii .xij. baskettes of breedes, that they coude not eate & digest.

1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 127^v I digested the Pill which had almost choakt mee.

1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia Isagoge sig. C7 The skinne..even of rosted pigge..can hardly be well digested of a strong stomach.

1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 7 The cattle..cannot digest tobacco.

1836 A. Combe Physiol. Digestion (ed. 2) ii. vi. 333 To diminish the food to such a quantity as the stomach can digest.

β. a1536 W. Tyndale Wks. 234 (R.) That thy stomacke shall disgeste the meate that thou puttest into it.1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. C4 It is..a hard matter to disgest salt meates at Sea.1600 S. Rowlands Letting of Humors Blood vi. 75 Blowne drinke is odious, what man can disiest it?1681 W. Robertson Phraseologia generalis (1693) 482 To disgest or digest what one eats.1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Disgest, to digest.1892 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Disgest.

b. absol.

ΚΠ

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 516/1 He maye boldely eate well, for he dygesteth well.

?1533 G. Du Wes Introductorie for to lerne Frenche sig. Cci A body..may nat degeste without holding that mete.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 412 Every lower facultie..whereby they hear, see, smell..digest, assimilate.

1707 J. Floyer Physician's Pulse-watch 85 Fishes and Birds want a Diaphragm, and yet Digest well.

1858 A. H. Clough Amours de Voyage in Atlantic Monthly Mar. 537 Each has to eat for himself, digest for himself.

c. Applied to the action of insectivorous plants.

ΚΠ

1875 C. Darwin Insectivorous Plants xiii. 311 Mrs. Treat..informs me that several leaves caught successively three insects each, but most of them were not able to digest the third fly.

1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 100 The power..of digesting animal substance and absorbing it as nourishment..known in the case of the peculiarly-formed leaves of Droseraceæ.

d. intransitive (for reflexive). Of the food: To undergo digestion.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [verb (intransitive)] > be digested or undergo digestion

defyc1315

digest1568

enduec1575

concoct1620

sit1645

settle1944

1568 T. Hill Certaine Husbandly Coniectures iv. f. 63, in Proffitable Arte Gardening (rev. ed.) Weathers ouer olde, are to be refused in eatyng, in that they..smally nourishe and hardly digestinge [1574 disgest].

1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. D7 Fall to, and neuer may your meat digest.

a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) i. i. 30 My Blood circulates, my Meat digests..without any intention of mind to assist their actings.

1858 C. Patmore Betrothal ix, in Angel in House (ed. 2) I. 109 The best [fare], Wanting this natural condiment..will not digest.

e. transitive. To cause or promote the digestion of (food).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > digest [verb (transitive)] > cause

digest1608

1608 T. Middleton Your Fiue Gallants sig. D4 It comes like cheese after a great feast, to disgest the rest.

1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 144 French wines may be sayed but to pickle meat in the stomack, but this is the wine that disgests.

1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey II. ix. 409 Drain this goblet, potent to digest.

†f. to digest the stomach: to promote the action of the stomach in digestion. Cf. defy v.² 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [verb (intransitive)] > be digested or undergo digestion > promote digestion

to defy the stomach, a person1393

to digest the stomachc1460

c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 947 Youre souerayne aftir mete his stomak to digest yef he wille take a slepe hym self þere for to rest.

1596 J. Smythe in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Lit. Men (1843) (Camden) 91 Drynckinge wynes dyvers tymes to disgest and comforte my stomacke.

5. figurative and transferred (from the digestion of food).

ΚΠ

1576 A. Fleming tr. Erasmus in Panoplie Epist. 341 He maketh suche to love learning..as before coulde by no meanes digest it.

1612 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. I. i. iv. 354 The fire digests the rawnesse of the night.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) i. ii. 301 This Rudenesse is a Sawce to his good Wit, Which giues men stomacke to disgest his words.

1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 38 This Opinion, I say, I can hardly digest.

1835 I. Taylor Spiritual Despotism v. 221 The Church..had made great progress in digesting those arrogant principles.

1889 Spectator 9 Nov. 621/2 The Hapsburgs..have not digested Bosnia completely yet.

intransitive.1608 Bp. J. Hall Epist. I. ii. ix. 175 Passions must haue leasure to digest.

a. To bear without resistance; to brook, endure, put up with; to ‘swallow, stomach’.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > calmness > patience > endure patiently [verb (transitive)] > bear with or tolerate

forbearc897

tholec950

bearOE

abidec1300

bidea1325

takec1330

suffer1340

wielda1375

to have patience with (also in, toward)c1384

supportc1384

to sit with ——c1400

sustainc1400

thulgec1400

acceptc1405

to away with1528

brook1530

well away1533

to bear with —1538

digest1553

to comport with1565

stand1567

purse?1571

to put up1573

well away1579

comport1588

fadge1592

abrook1594

to come away1594

to take up with1609

swallow1611

embracea1616

to pack up1624

concocta1627

to set down bya1630

to take with ——1632

tolerate1646

brook1658

stomach1677

pouch1819

α.

1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique iii. f. 92 Beinge greued with a matter, we saye communelye we cannot digest it.

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 289 It can neuer be, They will digest this harsh indignitie.

a1625 S. Rowlands Terrible Battell 33 Can you so ill digest to heare your crimes?

1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. 298 The publique Danger was such, as might well have digested an extraordinary undertaking.

1798 H. Walpole Reminisc. in Lett. (1857) I. ix. p. cxl He..could not digest total dependence on a capricious..grandmother.

1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. II. v. iv. 30 This wanton..attack..is too much even for me to digest.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. ii. vi. 136 The forty thousand..have to..digest their spleen, or reabsorb it into the blood.]

β. 1592 W. Wyrley Lord Chandos in True Vse Armorie 48 Too great abusage, which he not disgested.1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 247 Mahomet could not well disgest the losse he had so lately receiued.a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Chesh. 179 His quick and strong Appetite, could disgest any thing but an Injury.

b. To get over the effects of. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restoration of a person > recovery from misfortune, error, etc. > [verb (transitive)]

overcomea1225

recoverc1330

overputa1382

overpassa1387

passa1500

digest1577

to put over1593

outwear1598

overseta1600

to make a saving game of it1600

repassa1631

to get over ——1662

overgeta1729

overcast1788

overa1800

1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. viii. xviii. 156 Of the phisicians, some not able to digest that wonderfull noysome stinche were slayne.

1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 14^v In this sort they refreshed themselues three or foure dayes, vntil they had digested the seas, & recouered again their healths.

1598 R. Barckley Disc. Felicitie of Man v. 366 When he hath disgested so many euils, and come to be seaven yeares olde.

1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. vii. 317 He had not yet disgested his late deposal from the Lieutenancy of Ireland.

1834 S. T. Coleridge Table-talk 12 Jan. I never can digest the loss of most of Origen's works.

7. To comprehend and assimilate mentally; to obtain mental nourishment from.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > have knowledge, know [verb (transitive)]

i-witec900

wit971

yknowOE

canOE

i-kenc1000

seeOE

yknowOE

understanda1131

knowlOE

can (or could) skillc1340

cona1387

havec1405

kyd1530

weeta1547

digest1549

wist1580

wis1606

savvy1686

sabe1850

α.

1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Celebr. Holye Communion f. viii^v Read, marke, learne, and inwardly digeste them.

a1592 H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 81 Record when you are gone, and you shall see the great power of God, what he is able to do for you by one sentence of this book, if ye digest it well.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvi. 147 Memory to retain, digest and apply.

1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. ii. xiv. 103 This new Philosophy seems difficult to digest.

1858 N. Hawthorne Fr. & Ital. Jrnls. I. 265 Having had as many pictures as I could digest.

1866 R. Chambers Ess. 1st Ser. 149 He likes to digest what he reads.

1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar ix. 94 It might be that they would digest their lesson after all.

β. 1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie vi. 33 Mee thinkes this is harde, and as for that, I cannot disgest it.1597 J. Payne Royall Exchange 43 Hartilie wishinge maryed folkes no less to mark and disgest, then to reade the words of the Apostle.1643 D. Digges Unlawfulnesse Subj. i. 8 By these generalls throughly disgested, and rightly applied, we shall be able to rule particular decisions.

†8.

a. To mature, or bring to a state of perfection, especially by the action of heat. Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > mature

perfecta1398

ripea1398

season1545

ripen?1560

digest1607

mature1626

maturate1628

enripena1631

age1675

august1855

1607 R. Parker Scholasticall Disc. against Antichrist i. iv. 176 There wanteth the heate of the Nurse that doth digest and concockt the milke to make it sweet.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §327 They are ever Temperate Heats that Disgest and Mature.

a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1660) i. i. 9 An inward beauty..which cannot be known but onely then when it is digested into life and practice.

1655 E. Terry Voy. E.-India 95 They [sc. Musk Melons] are better digested there by the heat of the Sun, than these with us.

1700 H. Wanley in Pepys' Diary VI. 233 A love and respect for his person which time..does digest into a habit.

a1708 W. Beveridge Private Thoughts Relig. (1709) 101 God..having digested the Conditions to be perform'd by us into Promises to be fulfil'd by Himself.

b. intransitive (for reflexive)

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > earth > actions of earth [verb (intransitive)] > mature

digest1726

1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 31 We are..not to make our Bricks of Earth fresh dug, but to dig it in the Autumn, and leave it to digest all Winter.

†9.

a. transitive. To mature (a tumour), to cause to suppurate; also absol. to promote healthy suppuration. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments removing or dispersing matter > remove or disperse [verb (transitive)] > promote or mature suppuration

maturea1400

maturate?1541

digest1551

1551 W. Turner Herball (1568) i. B vij a Marrysh mallowe soden in wyne..maketh rype or digesteth.

1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. iv. ii. f. 42^v It doeth digest and maturate tumours.

1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clxxiii. 498 The garden rue disgesteth, and mightily comforteth all inflammations.

1639 J. Woodall Treat. Plague in Surgeons Mate (rev. ed.) 366 The which Medicine doth speedily digest and suppurate a Bubo.

1767 B. Gooch Pract. Treat. Wounds I. 159 The contused parts in a wound must separate and be digested off.

†b. intransitive (for reflexive). To suppurate. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > suppurate [verb (intransitive)]

whealc1000

rank?a1300

ranklec1330

festera1400

putrefya1400

quittera1400

suppure?a1425

to come to a head1566

undercot1591

suppurate1615

youster1691

digest1722

maturate1726

1722 W. Cheselden Anat. Humane Body (ed. 2) iv. i. 216 I..tied the Artery alone, which..digested off in a Weeks time.

1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxi. 315 Try such Things as will bring the Matter to suppurate or digest.

1754–64 W. Smellie Treat. Midwifery III. 295 The swelling subsided, the lacerated parts digested.

10.

a. transitive. To prepare by boiling or application of heat; to dissolve by the aid of heat and moisture.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to digestion

digest1600

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > action of boiling > boil or cause to boil [verb (transitive)] > prepare or produce by boiling

boilc1325

seethe?a1500

digest1600

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. i. 424 After it hath beene the second time digd and dunged, or marled, you must let it rest and digest his dung and marle.

1700 R. Blackmore Job 226 Th' Almighty Chymist..Digests his Lightnings, and distills his Rain.

1791 W. Hamilton tr. C.-L. Berthollet Elements Art of Dyeing II. ii. ii. i. 48 Powdered indigo digested in alcohol gave a yellow tincture.

1805 C. Hatchett in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 95 218 Some deal saw dust was digested with the nitric acid until it was completely dissolved.

1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 94 Digest the bark in alcohol, evaporate the alcoholic solution to dryness.

b. intransitive (for reflexive). To dissolve in gentle heat.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > making or becoming liquid > action or process of dissolving > dissolve [verb (intransitive)] > in heat

digest1578

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lvi. 397 Putting the Scammonie to boyle, or digest in a Quince.

1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 206/1 Put then this oyle in a glasse..Close the glasse verye well, and let it ther digeste, as long as pleaseth you.

1652 N. Culpeper Eng. Physitian Enlarged (1809) 382 Let them stand to digest twelve or fourteen days.

1738 G. Smith tr. Laboratory ii. 53 Afterwards set it in Bal. Mariæ..to digest for a Fortnight.

1895 Manch. Weekly Times 26 Apr. (Suppl.) 7/4 Put your orange extract..in some equally warm place, and let it ‘digest’ for at least six months.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	digest
释义	digestn. Brit. /ˈdʌɪdʒɛst/, U.S. /ˈdaɪˌdʒɛst/ Forms: Also Middle English dy-, 1600s dis-. Etymology: < Latin dīgesta ‘matters digested’, a name given to various collections of writings arranged and distributed under heads; neuter plural of dīgestus , past participial of dīgerĕre : see digest v. The appearance of the senses in English, does not correspond in order to the original development. 1. a. A digested collection of statements or information; a methodically arranged compendium or summary of literary, historical, legal, scientific, or other written matter. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > summary or epitome > [noun] abbreviationa1464 summary1509 breve1523 bridgement1523 abbreviate1531 summulary1533 breviary1547 extract1549 digest1555 brief1563 promptuary1577 abbreviature1578 institute1578 breviation1580 breviate1581 compendiary1589 symbol1594 ramass1596 compendium1608 abridgement1609 digestment1610 digestion1613 epitome1623 abridge1634 comprisal1640 comprisurea1641 syntome1641 medulla1644 multum in parvo1653 contracta1657 landscape1656 comprehension1659 sylloge1686 contraction1697 résumé1782 compend1796 sum-up1848 roundup1884 wrap-up1960 1555 R. Braham in Lydgate's Auncient Hist. Warres betwixte Grecians & Troyans To Rdr. The verye trouthe therof is not to be had in theyr dygestes. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Pp2 The Disposition..of that Knowledge..consisteth in a good Digest of Common Places. View more context for this quotation 1789 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) III. 14 This is a very elegant digest of whatever is known of the Greeks. 1825 T. B. Macaulay Milton in Edinb. Rev. Aug. 305 His digest of Scriptural texts. 1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) 313 Those popular digests of geological science which are now so common. b. spec. A periodical composed wholly or mainly of condensed versions of articles, stories, etc., previously published elsewhere. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ society > communication > journalism > journal > periodical > [noun] > other periodicals annals1763 scientific journal1797 story paper1849 woman's magazine1868 woman's mag1887 house journal1912 film magazine1916 digest1922 fan magazine1928 pulp magazine1929 confession magazine1931 slick1934 glossy1945 trade1949 photonovel1967 1922 (title) Reader's Digest. 1946 (title) The Literary Digest. A monthly magazine of popular literary interest. 1957 Times Lit. Suppl. 11 Oct. 604/4 The Chaplain's loving biography has been edited on the principles of ‘condensed reading’, as popularized by the ‘digest’ kind of magazine. 1958 J. Cannan And be Villain i. 6 Mad ideas they'd got from medical articles in Digests. 1967 G. Steiner Lang. & Silence 258 A time of fantastic intellectual cheapness,..the century of the book club, the digest, and the hundred great ideas on the instalment plan. 2. Law. a. An abstract, or collection in condensed form, of some body of law, systematically arranged. ΘΚΠ society > law > written law > [noun] > code of laws > abstract of paratitle1610 digesta1626 a1626 F. Bacon (title) An Offer to King James, of a Digest to be made of the Laws of England. 1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 38 The Digests of the Jewish Law. 1681 W. Robertson Phraseologia generalis (1693) 471 Digests, gathered out of the 37 civilians. 1724 A. Collins Disc. Grounds Christian Relig. 14 A Digest of System of Laws for the Government of the Church. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 66 Out of these three laws..king Edward the confessor extracted one uniform law or digest of laws. 1792 J. Wilson in J. Sparks Corr. Amer. Revol. (1853) IV. 388 A digest of the laws of the United States. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 126 Lord Chief Baron Comyn, in his Digest, states the case in Dyer as having decided that [etc.]. 1869 G. Rawlinson Man. Anc. Hist. 357 The code of the Twelve Tables..was a most valuable digest of the early Roman law. b. spec. The body of Roman laws compiled from the earlier jurists by order of the Emperor Justinian. (The earliest use in English.) ΘΚΠ society > law > written law > [noun] > code of laws > code of Roman law codea1387 digesta1387 pandect1531 codice1564 codex1577 basilics1728 basilica- a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 255 Iustinianus..made and restored þe lawes of digest. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 213/2 Digest, a boke in lawe, digeste. 1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. II. iii. viii. sig. Mm.ii/2 The lawes and constitutions of Princes..found either in the Code, in the booke of Digestes, or Pandectes. 1660 R. Burney Κέρδιστον Δῶρον 115 All they read in the Pandects, Digests and Codes in the Statute and common Law-books. 1845 J. T. Graves Rom. Law in Encycl. Metrop. 762/1 Notes on the laws of the Twelve Tables according to the order of the Institutes and the first part of the Digest. 1886 W. Stubbs 17 Lect. Study Hist. xiii. 306 If you take any well-drawn case of litigation in the middle ages..you will find that its citations from the Code and Digest are at least as numerous as from the Decretum. †3. = digestion n. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > [noun] > digestion defyingc1315 digestionc1386 digest1398 seething1398 concoction?1531 concocting1541 decoction1541 digesting1541 digesture1565 enduing1575 fleeting1581 elixation1621 coction1667 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xvii. ii. (Bodl. 3738) Yf a plante shall be durable: it nedyth that it haue humour w^t good dygest and fatty. So plantes y^t haue humour w[ythou]t good digestion wydre sone in grete colde. 1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 29^v Some giue him meate, but leaue it not disgest, Some tickle him, but are from pleasing farre. Draft additions 1993 4. Biology. A substance obtained by digestion with heat, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > [noun] > other types of fibroin1861 micella1881 digest1918 bone-seeker1947 target tissue1960 biomineral1972 1918 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 23 72 This blood digest..is exceedingly cheap... We have used it as an equivalent substitute for other digests and found it to be excellent for the growth of delicate-growing organisms, like streptococci. 1930 C. L. Evans Starling's Princ. Human Physiol. (ed. 5) xxviii. 539 The stages in the action of saliva on boiled starch can be followed more easily when a very small amount of saliva is added to some starch solution at 37°, and portions of the digest are tested at intervals. 1983 J. R. S. Fincham Genetics xiv. 390 These workers isolated DNA from rabbit liver nuclei and digested it with each of six restriction endonucleases... Each of the digests was subjected to electrophoresis. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † digestadj. Forms: Also 1500s Scottish de-. Etymology: < Latin dīgestus, past participial of dīgerĕre to digest v. Obsolete. 1. as past participle and adj. Digested. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > [adjective] > reduced to order digesta1398 methodizeda1586 digested1598 reduct1641 the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > [adjective] > digested digesta1398 concoct1534 decoct1541 well-digesteda1594 digested1611 concocted1647 subacted1822 the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [adjective] > prepared or ready > mature or matured digesta1398 ripea1398 fledge1398 concoct1534 seasoned1545 well-seasoned1545 ripened1561 seeded1567 fledged1579 thorough-seasoned1605 matured1626 well-matured1626 advanced1646 concocted1647 digested1657 well-digested1657 predigested1663 maturated1698 drop-ripe1724 well-developed1769 mellowed1798 fully-fledged1906 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. lxxiv. 964 Grene fruyte rawe and nought digeste greueþ bodyes and makeþ hem swelle. 1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1840) 195 Whan Phebus entrith in the Ariete, Digest humoures upward doon hem dresse. a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 6 Take þe beste horse dounge þat may be had þat is weel digest. 2. adj. Composed, settled, grave. Scottish. ΚΠ a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 79 Quhair no thing ferme is nor degest. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 182 Sing In haly kirk with mynd degest. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xii. i. 45 Kyng Latyn tho with sad and degest mynd To hym answeris. 1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. Miij^v With gracis graue, and gesture maist digest. a1600 A. Montgomerie Misc. Poems l. 21 Sa grave, sa gracious, and digest. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2021). digestv. /dɪˈdʒɛst//dʌɪˈdʒɛst/ Forms: α. Middle English–1500s degest(e, Middle English– digest, (1500s dejest, dygest, Scottish degeist). β. Middle English desgest(e, 1500s–1600s (1800s dialect) disgest, 1600s disjest. Etymology: < Latin dīgest-, participial stem of dīgerĕre to carry asunder, separate, divide, distribute, dissolve, digest, < dī- = dis- (di- prefix¹) apart, asunder + gerĕre to carry. Compare Old French digester (15th cent. in Godefroy). A parallel form with the prefix as dis- was frequent in the 16th and 17th centuries (and is still dialect); in earlier times, the French modifications des-, de-, are found. †1. a. transitive. To divide and dispose, to distribute. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > distribute or deal out [verb (transitive)] britteneOE to-dealeOE dealOE britOE setc1275 dispensec1374 dispendc1375 to-seta1387 dispone1429 disposec1430 sparple1435 demean1439 distributea1464 distribue1477 issuec1484 communy1530 to deal out1535 impart1545 disperse1555 retail1576 digest1578 deliver1626 to hand out1648 to dispose of1676 dispensate1701 dole1701 to give out1710 sling1860 to give away1889 to pass out1926 dish1934 α. 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man v. f. 70^v Two Nerues..are digested into the bottome of the ventricle. 1610 R. Niccols Winter Nights Vision in Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) 763 (T.) I did digest my bands in battell-ray. ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xvi. 187 All these digested thus In fit place by the mighty son of royal Peleus. 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. 341 That Jerusalem was digested and methodized into severall streets is most certain. 1675 H. Neville tr. N. Machiavelli Prince xii, in tr. N. Machiavelli Wks. 216 They changed their Militia into horse, which being digested into Troops [etc.]. β. 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin iii. 150 Afore this nauie could be disgested into order and poynt. †b. To disperse, dissipate. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > drive away > dispel (cloud, gloom, or immaterial things) overdriveOE discuss?c1400 digesta1513 profligate1542 depel?1548 foil1548 sperse1580 disparkle1601 redisperse1621 dispela1631 fray1635 dissipate1691 α. a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xii. sig. e.i Some of his louers..Gaue hym theyr counseyll..unto melody, all thoughtes to degest. a1547 King Henry VIII in F. J. Furnivall R. Laneham's Let. Pref. (1871) 149 Company me thynkes then best, All thoughtes & fancys to deiest. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) Prol. 7 The quhilkis humours nocht beand degeistit, mycht be occasione to dul ther spreit. 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Bath It does by insensible transpiration digest and dissipate superfluous humours. β. 1565 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. i. 25 Some meane that may thie greves disgest.1604 T. Wright Passions of Minde (new ed.) v. 160 Musicke..[to] rectifie the blood and spirits, and consequently disgest melancholy. 2. To dispose methodically or according to a system; to reduce into a systematic form, usually with condensation; to classify. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > clarity > give (thought) clear expression [verb (transitive)] > make orderly digest1482 α. 1482 Monk of Evesham 28 He told thees thynges the whiche here after be digestyd and wreten. 1562 Act 5 Eliz. c. 4 §1 The Substance of..the said Laws..shall be digested and reduceed into one sole Law and Statute. 1668 M. Hale Pref. Rolle's Abridgm. 8 The Civil Law is digested into general Heads. 1704 J. Swift Disc. Mech. Operat. Spirit in Tale of Tub 285 I have had no manner of Time to digest it into Order, or correct the Style. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1738 I. 58 The debates in Parliament, which were brought home and digested by Guthrie. 1862 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 3) xix. §1. 301 Every government is bound to digest the whole law into a code. 1875 E. White Life in Christ (1876) ii. xiii. 152 To digest these testimonies into definite forms. β. 1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas sig. F.j A strange deuise, and sure my Lord wil laugh, To see it so, desgested in degrees.1676 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 358 Purposely to disgest some notes for the press. 3. To settle and arrange methodically in the mind; to consider, think or ponder over. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > thinking about, consideration, deliberation > consider, deliberate [verb (transitive)] i-thenchec897 showeOE i-mune971 thinkOE overthinkOE takec1175 umbethinkc1175 waltc1200 bethinkc1220 wend?c1225 weighc1380 delivera1382 peisea1382 considerc1385 musec1390 to look over ——a1393 advise?c1400 debatec1400 roll?c1400 revert?a1425 advertc1425 deliberc1425 movec1425 musec1425 revolvec1425 contemplec1429 overseec1440 to think overc1440 perpend1447 roil1447 pondera1450 to eat inc1450 involvec1470 ponderate?a1475 reputec1475 counterpoise1477 poisea1483 traversec1487 umbecast1487 digest1488 undercast1489 overhalec1500 rumble1519 volve?1520 compassa1522 recount1526 trutinate1528 cast1530 expend1531 ruminate1533 concoct1534 contemplate1538 deliberate1540 revolute1553 chawa1558 to turn over1568 cud1569 cogitate1570 huik1570 chew1579 meditatec1580 discourse1581 speculate1599 theorize1599 scance1603 verse1614 pensitate1623 agitate1629 spell1633 view1637 study1659 designa1676 introspect1683 troll1685 balance1692 to figure on or upon1837 reflect1862 mull1873 to mull over1874 scour1882 mill1905 α. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) viii. l. 1430 Wer or pes, quhat so ȝow likis best, Lat ȝour hye witt and gud consaill degest. a1505 R. Henryson Test. Cresseid 302 in Poems (1981) 120 Than thus proceidit Saturne and the Mone Quhen thay the mater rypelie had degest. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xx When the kyng had long digested and studied on this matter. 1612 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. I. i. ii. 136 When hee had somwhat digested his thoughts, and considered. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §130 I digested a plan for the keeping our accounts and correspondence. 1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. ii. xi. 261 The regent was busy in digesting the plan of compromise. β. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccvii. f. cxxviii^v Whanne kynge Henry had wele desgested in his mynde the wrongful trouble that he..hadde put the Duke vnto.1637 T. Heywood Royall King i. sig. B2^v Come to horse, And as we ride, our farther plots disgest. 4. a. To prepare (food) in the stomach and intestines for assimilation by the system; see digestion n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > digest [verb (transitive)] seetheOE defy1362 fyc1390 brookc1400 convertc1400 enduec1430 sleep1481 digest1483 concoct1533 decoct1541 diger?1541 confect1578 coque1615 concorporate1656 coct1662 swage1768 stomach1822 digerate- α. 1483 Cath. Angl. 99/2 To Digeste, digerere. a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. Clxxxxii .xij. baskettes of breedes, that they coude not eate & digest. 1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 127^v I digested the Pill which had almost choakt mee. 1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia Isagoge sig. C7 The skinne..even of rosted pigge..can hardly be well digested of a strong stomach. 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 7 The cattle..cannot digest tobacco. 1836 A. Combe Physiol. Digestion (ed. 2) ii. vi. 333 To diminish the food to such a quantity as the stomach can digest. β. a1536 W. Tyndale Wks. 234 (R.) That thy stomacke shall disgeste the meate that thou puttest into it.1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. C4 It is..a hard matter to disgest salt meates at Sea.1600 S. Rowlands Letting of Humors Blood vi. 75 Blowne drinke is odious, what man can disiest it?1681 W. Robertson Phraseologia generalis (1693) 482 To disgest or digest what one eats.1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Disgest, to digest.1892 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Disgest. b. absol. ΚΠ 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 516/1 He maye boldely eate well, for he dygesteth well. ?1533 G. Du Wes Introductorie for to lerne Frenche sig. Cci A body..may nat degeste without holding that mete. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 412 Every lower facultie..whereby they hear, see, smell..digest, assimilate. View more context for this quotation 1707 J. Floyer Physician's Pulse-watch 85 Fishes and Birds want a Diaphragm, and yet Digest well. 1858 A. H. Clough Amours de Voyage in Atlantic Monthly Mar. 537 Each has to eat for himself, digest for himself. c. Applied to the action of insectivorous plants. ΚΠ 1875 C. Darwin Insectivorous Plants xiii. 311 Mrs. Treat..informs me that several leaves caught successively three insects each, but most of them were not able to digest the third fly. 1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 100 The power..of digesting animal substance and absorbing it as nourishment..known in the case of the peculiarly-formed leaves of Droseraceæ. d. intransitive (for reflexive). Of the food: To undergo digestion. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [verb (intransitive)] > be digested or undergo digestion defyc1315 digest1568 enduec1575 concoct1620 sit1645 settle1944 1568 T. Hill Certaine Husbandly Coniectures iv. f. 63, in Proffitable Arte Gardening (rev. ed.) Weathers ouer olde, are to be refused in eatyng, in that they..smally nourishe and hardly digestinge [1574 disgest]. 1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. D7 Fall to, and neuer may your meat digest. a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) i. i. 30 My Blood circulates, my Meat digests..without any intention of mind to assist their actings. 1858 C. Patmore Betrothal ix, in Angel in House (ed. 2) I. 109 The best [fare], Wanting this natural condiment..will not digest. e. transitive. To cause or promote the digestion of (food). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > digest [verb (transitive)] > cause digest1608 1608 T. Middleton Your Fiue Gallants sig. D4 It comes like cheese after a great feast, to disgest the rest. 1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 144 French wines may be sayed but to pickle meat in the stomack, but this is the wine that disgests. 1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey II. ix. 409 Drain this goblet, potent to digest. †f. to digest the stomach: to promote the action of the stomach in digestion. Cf. defy v.² 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [verb (intransitive)] > be digested or undergo digestion > promote digestion to defy the stomach, a person1393 to digest the stomachc1460 c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 947 Youre souerayne aftir mete his stomak to digest yef he wille take a slepe hym self þere for to rest. 1596 J. Smythe in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Lit. Men (1843) (Camden) 91 Drynckinge wynes dyvers tymes to disgest and comforte my stomacke. 5. figurative and transferred (from the digestion of food). ΚΠ 1576 A. Fleming tr. Erasmus in Panoplie Epist. 341 He maketh suche to love learning..as before coulde by no meanes digest it. 1612 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. I. i. iv. 354 The fire digests the rawnesse of the night. a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) i. ii. 301 This Rudenesse is a Sawce to his good Wit, Which giues men stomacke to disgest his words. 1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 38 This Opinion, I say, I can hardly digest. 1835 I. Taylor Spiritual Despotism v. 221 The Church..had made great progress in digesting those arrogant principles. 1889 Spectator 9 Nov. 621/2 The Hapsburgs..have not digested Bosnia completely yet. intransitive.1608 Bp. J. Hall Epist. I. ii. ix. 175 Passions must haue leasure to digest. 6. a. To bear without resistance; to brook, endure, put up with; to ‘swallow, stomach’. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > calmness > patience > endure patiently [verb (transitive)] > bear with or tolerate forbearc897 tholec950 bearOE abidec1300 bidea1325 takec1330 suffer1340 wielda1375 to have patience with (also in, toward)c1384 supportc1384 to sit with ——c1400 sustainc1400 thulgec1400 acceptc1405 to away with1528 brook1530 well away1533 to bear with —1538 digest1553 to comport with1565 stand1567 purse?1571 to put up1573 well away1579 comport1588 fadge1592 abrook1594 to come away1594 to take up with1609 swallow1611 embracea1616 to pack up1624 concocta1627 to set down bya1630 to take with ——1632 tolerate1646 brook1658 stomach1677 pouch1819 α. 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique iii. f. 92 Beinge greued with a matter, we saye communelye we cannot digest it. 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 289 It can neuer be, They will digest this harsh indignitie. View more context for this quotation a1625 S. Rowlands Terrible Battell 33 Can you so ill digest to heare your crimes? 1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. 298 The publique Danger was such, as might well have digested an extraordinary undertaking. 1798 H. Walpole Reminisc. in Lett. (1857) I. ix. p. cxl He..could not digest total dependence on a capricious..grandmother. 1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. II. v. iv. 30 This wanton..attack..is too much even for me to digest. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. ii. vi. 136 The forty thousand..have to..digest their spleen, or reabsorb it into the blood.] β. 1592 W. Wyrley Lord Chandos in True Vse Armorie 48 Too great abusage, which he not disgested.1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 247 Mahomet could not well disgest the losse he had so lately receiued.a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Chesh. 179 His quick and strong Appetite, could disgest any thing but an Injury. b. To get over the effects of. archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restoration of a person > recovery from misfortune, error, etc. > [verb (transitive)] overcomea1225 recoverc1330 overputa1382 overpassa1387 passa1500 digest1577 to put over1593 outwear1598 overseta1600 to make a saving game of it1600 repassa1631 to get over ——1662 overgeta1729 overcast1788 overa1800 1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. viii. xviii. 156 Of the phisicians, some not able to digest that wonderfull noysome stinche were slayne. 1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 14^v In this sort they refreshed themselues three or foure dayes, vntil they had digested the seas, & recouered again their healths. 1598 R. Barckley Disc. Felicitie of Man v. 366 When he hath disgested so many euils, and come to be seaven yeares olde. 1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. vii. 317 He had not yet disgested his late deposal from the Lieutenancy of Ireland. 1834 S. T. Coleridge Table-talk 12 Jan. I never can digest the loss of most of Origen's works. 7. To comprehend and assimilate mentally; to obtain mental nourishment from. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > have knowledge, know [verb (transitive)] i-witec900 wit971 yknowOE canOE i-kenc1000 seeOE yknowOE understanda1131 knowlOE can (or could) skillc1340 cona1387 havec1405 kyd1530 weeta1547 digest1549 wist1580 wis1606 savvy1686 sabe1850 α. 1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Celebr. Holye Communion f. viii^v Read, marke, learne, and inwardly digeste them. a1592 H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 81 Record when you are gone, and you shall see the great power of God, what he is able to do for you by one sentence of this book, if ye digest it well. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvi. 147 Memory to retain, digest and apply. 1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. ii. xiv. 103 This new Philosophy seems difficult to digest. 1858 N. Hawthorne Fr. & Ital. Jrnls. I. 265 Having had as many pictures as I could digest. 1866 R. Chambers Ess. 1st Ser. 149 He likes to digest what he reads. 1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar ix. 94 It might be that they would digest their lesson after all. β. 1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie vi. 33 Mee thinkes this is harde, and as for that, I cannot disgest it.1597 J. Payne Royall Exchange 43 Hartilie wishinge maryed folkes no less to mark and disgest, then to reade the words of the Apostle.1643 D. Digges Unlawfulnesse Subj. i. 8 By these generalls throughly disgested, and rightly applied, we shall be able to rule particular decisions. †8. a. To mature, or bring to a state of perfection, especially by the action of heat. Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > mature perfecta1398 ripea1398 season1545 ripen?1560 digest1607 mature1626 maturate1628 enripena1631 age1675 august1855 1607 R. Parker Scholasticall Disc. against Antichrist i. iv. 176 There wanteth the heate of the Nurse that doth digest and concockt the milke to make it sweet. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §327 They are ever Temperate Heats that Disgest and Mature. a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1660) i. i. 9 An inward beauty..which cannot be known but onely then when it is digested into life and practice. 1655 E. Terry Voy. E.-India 95 They [sc. Musk Melons] are better digested there by the heat of the Sun, than these with us. 1700 H. Wanley in Pepys' Diary VI. 233 A love and respect for his person which time..does digest into a habit. a1708 W. Beveridge Private Thoughts Relig. (1709) 101 God..having digested the Conditions to be perform'd by us into Promises to be fulfil'd by Himself. b. intransitive (for reflexive) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > earth > actions of earth [verb (intransitive)] > mature digest1726 1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 31 We are..not to make our Bricks of Earth fresh dug, but to dig it in the Autumn, and leave it to digest all Winter. †9. a. transitive. To mature (a tumour), to cause to suppurate; also absol. to promote healthy suppuration. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments removing or dispersing matter > remove or disperse [verb (transitive)] > promote or mature suppuration maturea1400 maturate?1541 digest1551 1551 W. Turner Herball (1568) i. B vij a Marrysh mallowe soden in wyne..maketh rype or digesteth. 1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. iv. ii. f. 42^v It doeth digest and maturate tumours. 1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clxxiii. 498 The garden rue disgesteth, and mightily comforteth all inflammations. 1639 J. Woodall Treat. Plague in Surgeons Mate (rev. ed.) 366 The which Medicine doth speedily digest and suppurate a Bubo. 1767 B. Gooch Pract. Treat. Wounds I. 159 The contused parts in a wound must separate and be digested off. †b. intransitive (for reflexive). To suppurate. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > suppurate [verb (intransitive)] whealc1000 rank?a1300 ranklec1330 festera1400 putrefya1400 quittera1400 suppure?a1425 to come to a head1566 undercot1591 suppurate1615 youster1691 digest1722 maturate1726 1722 W. Cheselden Anat. Humane Body (ed. 2) iv. i. 216 I..tied the Artery alone, which..digested off in a Weeks time. 1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxi. 315 Try such Things as will bring the Matter to suppurate or digest. 1754–64 W. Smellie Treat. Midwifery III. 295 The swelling subsided, the lacerated parts digested. 10. a. transitive. To prepare by boiling or application of heat; to dissolve by the aid of heat and moisture. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to digestion digest1600 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > action of boiling > boil or cause to boil [verb (transitive)] > prepare or produce by boiling boilc1325 seethe?a1500 digest1600 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. i. 424 After it hath beene the second time digd and dunged, or marled, you must let it rest and digest his dung and marle. 1700 R. Blackmore Job 226 Th' Almighty Chymist..Digests his Lightnings, and distills his Rain. 1791 W. Hamilton tr. C.-L. Berthollet Elements Art of Dyeing II. ii. ii. i. 48 Powdered indigo digested in alcohol gave a yellow tincture. 1805 C. Hatchett in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 95 218 Some deal saw dust was digested with the nitric acid until it was completely dissolved. 1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 94 Digest the bark in alcohol, evaporate the alcoholic solution to dryness. b. intransitive (for reflexive). To dissolve in gentle heat. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > making or becoming liquid > action or process of dissolving > dissolve [verb (intransitive)] > in heat digest1578 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lvi. 397 Putting the Scammonie to boyle, or digest in a Quince. 1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 206/1 Put then this oyle in a glasse..Close the glasse verye well, and let it ther digeste, as long as pleaseth you. 1652 N. Culpeper Eng. Physitian Enlarged (1809) 382 Let them stand to digest twelve or fourteen days. 1738 G. Smith tr. Laboratory ii. 53 Afterwards set it in Bal. Mariæ..to digest for a Fortnight. 1895 Manch. Weekly Times 26 Apr. (Suppl.) 7/4 Put your orange extract..in some equally warm place, and let it ‘digest’ for at least six months. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1387adj.a1398v.c1460
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digestn.

Draft additions 1993

† digestadj.

digestv.