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单词 diffusive
释义

diffusiveadj.

Brit. /dᵻˈfjuːsɪv/, U.S. /dᵻˈfjusɪv/
Forms: 1600s defusive, 1600s–1700s diffusiue, 1600s– diffusive.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin diffusivus.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin diffusivus liable to spread, expansive (frequently from 13th cent. in British (especially philosophical) sources; from 15th cent. in continental sources) < classical Latin diffūs- , past participial stem of diffundere diffund v. + -īvus -ive suffix. Compare Middle French, French diffusif tending to be widely dispersed or distributed (a1481; apparently unattested between the early 16th and late 18th centuries), Spanish difusivo (1494), Portuguese difusivo (1563), Italian diffusivo (late 14th cent.).In senses 3, 7, and 5 apparently after the corresponding senses of diffuse adj. With the form defusive compare forms, and see discussion, at diffuse v.
I. Senses relating to dispersion.
1. Having the quality of spreading over a wide area or among a large number of people; diffuse.
a. Of an immaterial or abstract thing, as knowledge, virtue, etc.: tending to be spread among a large number of people; pervasive, widespread. Also: of or relating to such diffusion.
ΚΠ
1600 C. Sutton Disce Mor.i xviii. 232 God.., whose goodnes is diffusiue, and communicable vnto others.
1635 W. Habington Castara (ed. 2) ii. 149 A common courtier..hath his love so diffusive among the beauties, that man is not considerable.
1704 J. Tily tr. J. G. Grævius in Select Orations 269 No Prince..was ever receiv'd with a more continued and diffusive Joy.
1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall III. 43 The diffusive circle of his benevolence was circumscribed only by the limits of the human race.
1842 Ld. Tennyson You ask me Why in Poems (new ed.) I. 220 The strength of some diffusive thought Hath time and space to work and spread.
1857 Sc. Congregational Mag. Oct. 312 It is to be lamented that good is less diffusive than evil.
1902 Mind 10 250 What more universal, more general, more diffusive love than that of the Christ?
2004 Handbk. Market Creation for Biodiversity (OECD) iii. 59 Information by its nature is highly diffusive and non-exclusive.
2012 Atlantic Online (Nexis) 30 Jan. A gimmick..that speaks..to the diffusive influence of social media.
b. Of a material thing or physical phenomenon, as light, heat, odour, etc.: having the tendency or ability to be widely dispersed or diffused; pervasive, widespread. Also: of or relating to such diffusion.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > spreading or diffusion > [adjective] > spreading or diffusing
spreading1532
outspreading1603
diffusive1610
diffusing1655
diffusile1727
suffusive1872
farther-spreading1876
1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 75 One Sunne, whith his diffusiue fires, Can paint the starres, and the whole world with light.
a1631 J. Donne Select. (1959) V. 351 So are these spices, and Incense, and Spikenard, of a diffusive and spreading nature.
a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 187 Leaven hath..a diffusive faculty.
c1750 W. Shenstone Ruin'd Abbey 197 His less'ning flock In snowy groups diffusive scud the vale.
1784 F. O'Gallagher Ess. First Princ. Nature: Pt. I vii. i. 320 The expansive and diffusive propensity of light.
1847 C. Morfit tr. É. F. Celnart Perfumery iii. 49 Its odor is very agreeable, peculiar, and diffusive.
1878 J. T. Trowbridge Guy Vernon in G. P. Lathrop Masque of Poets 213 Beauty is a burning-glass that brings The soft, diffusive sunshine to a focus.
1900 Steamship June 455/1 If they got the diffusive heat from water-gas that they got from coal, the water-gas process would be multiplied ten times what it was at present.
2004 J. M. Wilson Moth & Flame 276 June gloom was upon us early..softening the shadows, which bled into the diffusive light.
2. Designating a body of people considered as consisting of members in their individual capacities, speaking or acting for themselves. Obsolete.The ‘diffusive body’ is contrasted, by the idea of individually diffused or distributed action, with the ‘collective body’, and, by the idea of universal participation, with a ‘representative body’.Common in 17th cent.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > a or the system of government > government by the people or their delegates > [adjective] > representative > individual or not collective
diffusive1624
1624 R. Montagu Gagg for New Gospell? iv. 41 The Catholike Church of Christ is twofold, Diffusiue, or Representatiue.
1643 D. Digges Unlawfulnesse Subj. iii. 66 If actions of this nature were unwarrantable in the diffusive body, they are so in the representative.
1660 T. Fuller Mixt Contempl. ii. xlvii. 72 The Diffusive Nation was never more carefull in their Elections.
1691 T. Hale Acct. New Inventions p. lxxxii His Majesty and all his People, both representative and diffusive.
1718 Mem. Life J. Kettlewell iii. x. 212 The Supreme Power was Fundamentally in the whole Body Diffusive of the People.
1772 J. Rawlins Diss. Heretical Opinions 55 Others..though they denied the Supremacy of the Pope, were substituting many Popes in the diffusive Body of the Church.
1881 W. Lee in F. C. Cook Holy Bible with Comm. IV. (Rev. xi. 3) 634/1 Together with the faithful few..is included the diffusive body of professing Christians.
3. Of speech, writing, or literary style: expressed in or containing many words; expansive, discursive; (in negative sense) long-winded, verbose. Also of a person: that speaks or writes expansively or verbosely. Cf. diffuse adj. 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > copiousness > [adjective] > verbose
wordyOE
of many wordsc1350
windya1382
diffused?a1475
word-dearthing1593
verbosious1601
worded1602
wordish1604
diffuse1612
wording1615
diffusive1624
verbose1665
baggy1866
talky1937
waffling1945
1624 D. Featley Romish Fisher Caught sig. E3 The Iesuites diffusiue & discursiue answers.
1699 Bp. G. Burnet Expos. 39 Articles (1700) Pref. 2 The heaviness..of Stile, and the diffusive length of them, disgusted me.
1739 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) VIII. 119 Polybius..generally is diffusive enough.
1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature V. 257 I have..been unavoidably, and I am afraid tiresomely, diffusive.
1845 W. H. Porter Proverbs i. 37 A pithy and comprehensive address is more popular and agreeable to his hearers, than one more diffusive, or protracted to an unreasonable length.
1874 L. Stephen Hours in Libr. 1st Ser. 50 He is less diffusive and more pointed than usual.
1907 Christian Advocate 14 Nov. 1833/2 It is unquestionably better to be too concise than to be too diffusive.
2004 Variety (Nexis) 26 Apr. a4 The long and tricky process of adapting Gregory Maguire's offbeat (and, at more than 400 pages, rather diffusive) fantasy novel.
4. That diffuses or disseminates something; having the quality of dispensing or distributing something (esp. a benefit) widely or bountifully. Frequently with of specifying the thing distributed.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > [adjective] > emitting > emitting copiously
spouting1567
welling1573
teeming1627
diffusive?1630
diabetic1673
gushing1717
?1630 T. Adams Medit. on Creed in Wks. 1205 Christs grace is so diffusiue of itselfe, that it deriues holinesse to vs.
1641 J. Milton Reason Church-govt. 8 So diffusive of knowledge and charity.
1659 R. Boyle Some Motives & Incentives to Love of God xiii. 77 It is his [sc. the Sun's] Nature, to be diffusive of his Light.
1700 J. Dryden Fables Ded. sig. Bv Diffusive of the Goods which they enjoy'd.
1743 R. Blair Grave 32 The big-swoln Inundation, Of Mischief more diffusive.
1816 M. Keating Trav. (1817) I. 149 (note) Matters diffusive of such an extent of moral good.
1888 Unity (Chicago) 10 Mar. 28/1 The club is diffusive in its spirit, educational.
1911 H. C. Sheldon New Test. Theol. (rev. ed.) vi. 333 A reference to the nature of benevolence as universally diffusive of benefits.
1978 E. Goodheart Failure of Crit. iii. 57 The university in a democratic society..has an active diffusive power.
2008 P. Newell Recording Studio Design (2013) (ed. 2) vi. 190 The deep cutting back of the cement between the blocks creates a series of randomly sized pits which render the surface much more diffusive.
5. Botany. Of a branched structure, esp. a panicle: loose, open; = diffuse adj. 2d. rare.
ΚΠ
1757 W. Watson in Philos. Trans. 1756 (Royal Soc.) 49 815 The rigid leaved Bell-flowers, with a diffusive panicle and patulous flowers.
1982 H. S. Gentry Agaves Continental N. Amer. 294 The short, broad, diffusive panicle and leaf form appear to conform to the Section Americanae.
6. Science. Of, characterized by, or involving diffusion (diffusion n. 5).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > mechanics > fluid mechanics > [adjective] > of or characterized by diffusion
diffusive1804
diffusional1861
1804 Jrnl. Nat. Philos. July 148 The diffusive or repulsive force by which they constantly tend to dispersion, is comparatively slow in producing the ultimate effect, being in this respect exactly similar to chemical affinity.
1851 T. Graham in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 141 483 The diffusive relation of the two bases.
1866 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. iii. 29 This important property is called the diffusive power of gases.
1951 Jrnl. Atmospheric & Terrestr. Physics 1 201 Turbulence suffices to mix the permanent constituents effectively, overcoming the diffusive tendency for each to distribute itself independently of the others.
1972 L. Agrawal et al. in A. G. Jhingran et al. Himalayan Geol. II. 161 Cross-hatched microcline developed from pre-existing monoclinic orthoclase by diffusive transformation.
2000 Nature 9 Mar. 141/1 This device relies on the diffusion of gas molecules as a result of a concentration gradient across a diffusive barrier.
II. Senses relating to confusion or obscurity.
7. Difficult to understand, obscure; confused; = diffuse adj. 1. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > unintelligibility > depth, obscurity > [adjective]
higheOE
dighela1000
deepc1000
darkOE
starkOE
dusk?c1225
subtle1340
dimc1350
subtilea1393
covert1393
mystica1398
murka1400
cloudyc1400
hard?c1400
mistyc1400
unclearc1400
diffuse1430
abstractc1450
diffused?1456
exquisitec1460
obnubilous?a1475
obscure?a1475
covered1484
intricate?a1500
nice?a1500
perplexeda1500
difficilea1513
difficult1530
privy1532
smoky1533
secret1535
abstruse?1549
difficul1552
entangled1561
confounded1572
darksome1574
obnubilate1575
enigmatical1576
confuse1577
mysteriousa1586
Delphic1598
obfuscatea1600
enfumed1601
Delphicala1603
obstruse1604
abstracted1605
confused1611
questionable1611
inevident1614
recondite1619
cryptic1620
obfuscated1620
transcendent1624
Delphian1625
oraculous1625
enigmatic1628
recluse1629
abdite1635
undilucidated1635
clouded1641
benighted1647
oblite1650
researched1653
obnubilated1658
obscurative1664
tenebrose1677
hyperbyssal1691
condite1695
diffusive1709
profound1710
tenebricose1730
oracular1749
opaque1761
unenlightening1768
darkling1795
offuscating1798
unrecognizable1817
tough1820
abstrusive1848
obscurant1878
out-of-focus1891
unplumbable1895
inenubilable1903
non-transparent1939
the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > insecure knowledge, uncertainty > [adjective] > obscure, vague
cloudyc1400
indeterminatec1400
diffuse1430
diffused?1456
obscure?a1475
infinite1520
ambiguous1529
indistincta1530
nubilous1533
dark1557
undetermined1588
undefinite1589
undeterminate1603
indetermined1611
undefined1611
suspense1624
umbrageous1635
clouded1641
undeterminated1641
fuliginous1646
implicit1660
vague1690
diffusive1709
nubilose1730
foggy1737
unliquidated1780
hazy1781
indecisive1815
nebulous1817
penumbral1819
aoristic1846
scumbled1868
nubiform1873
out-of-focus1891
fuzzy1937
soft focus1938
1709 J. Strype Ann. Reformation xxii. 266 Whereas Turcopolier was so diffusive a name as not worthy the pains of pronouncing.
1741 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 404/1 A Question very intricate and diffusive, entangled with a Thousand, and involving a Thousand Distinctions.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1600
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