diploidn.adj.
/ˈdɪplɔɪd/, U.S. /ˈdɪpˌlɔɪd/ A. n.
a. Crystallography. A solid belonging to the isometric system, contained within twenty-four trapezoidal planes; = diplohedron n.
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the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > structures and forms > [noun]
form1878
diploid1896
1896 N.E.D. Diploid.
b. Biology. A diploid organism.
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the world > life > biology > organism > organisms by number or kind of cells > [noun]
Euglena1858
monoplast1877
polyplastid1884
homoplastide1889
monoplastid1889
diploid1908
1908 W. H. Lang Strasburger's Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 3) i. i. 165 The organism with the single number of chromosomes may be termed the haploid, or haploid generation, that with the double number the diploid, or diploid generation.
1952 New Biol. 13 31 Most animals and many flowering plants are diploids.
1968 J. A. Serra Mod. Genetics III. xx. 150 The course of meiosis is expected to be different in haploids derived from diploids than it is in haploids derived from polyploids.
B. adj.
Biology. [ < German diploid (E. Strasburger 1905, in Jahrb. f. wissensch. Bot. XLII. 62): see -ploid comb. form.] Of a cell or its nucleus: having two homologous sets of chromosomes, one from each parent, each containing the haploid number of chromosomes; also, of or pertaining to diploidy, (of an organism) having somatic cells that are diploid.
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the world > life > biology > substance > cell > types of cells > [adjective] > other types of cells
calcigerous1839
apolar1859
monocentric1878
angioblastic1879
mononuclear1886
heterocystous1887
collared1888
oxyphil1893
adendritic1894
neuroblastic1895
amacrine1901
diploid1908
akaryote1909
oat-celled1916
siderocytic1922
hepatocellular1940
promyelocytic1943
podocytic1955
sideroblastic1956
pagetoid1959
melanocytic1961
spheroplasted1973
1908Diploid generation [see sense A. b].
1914 G. N. Calkins Biol. ix. 209 Each has the number of chromosomes characteristic of the species (in modern terminology the diploid number).
1924 E. W. MacBride Study of Heredity viii. 216 Other examples of such ‘tetraploidy’ (i.e. doubling the ordinary ‘diploid’ number of chromosomes) are known to occur amongst the progeny of hybrids between different species.
1955 Sci. Amer. June 56/3 The body cells of a normal salamander are diploid.
1957 Encycl. Brit. XI. 486 Forty-eight is the diploid chromosome number in man... Haploid cells arise from diploid ones by a complex process known as meiosis.
1957 C. P. Swanson Cytol. & Cytogenetics vi. 159 In plants, where haploidy has been more commonly observed as an abnormality than in animals, the haploid individuals can generally be characterized as being smaller than their diploid progenitors.
1971 Nature 7 May 49/2 If a diploid spermatozoon fertilizes a normal ovum, the resulting zygote would be triploid.
Derivatives
ˈdiploidy n. the condition of being diploid.
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1928 Amer. Naturalist 62 57 Stronger evidence for diploidy of biparental males appears when three character differences, all affecting one structure, the wing, are involved.
1964 G. H. Haggis et al. Introd. Molecular Biol. x. 277 It is possible by exploiting a special phenomenon, known as sexduction, to bring about a stable state of diploidy for a short length of the chromosome.
ˌdiploidiˈzation n.
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1930 A. H. R. Buller in Nature 1 Nov. 687/1 The term diploidisation has been introduced here for the first time to designate the process by which a haploid cell is converted into a diploid cell or a haploid mycelium into a diploid mycelium by the formation of conjugate nuclei within the cell's or the mycelium's interior.
ˈdiploidize v. (transitive).
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1930 A. H. R. Buller in Nature 1 Nov. 687/1 A haploid mycelium of one sex may be said to diploidise a haploid mycelium of opposite sex.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.1896