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单词 din
释义

dinn.1

Brit. /dɪn/, U.S. /dɪn/, /ˌdiˌaɪˈɛn/
Forms: Old English–Middle English dyne, Old English–1600s dyn, Middle English dune /-y-/, Middle English–1600s dine, Middle English– din (also Middle English deone, dene, Middle English–1500s dynne, Middle English–1600s dinne, 1600s deane, dynn, dinn).
Etymology: Old English dyne ( < Old Germanic *duni-z ), and dynn , corresponding to Old Norse dynr din ( < *dunju-z or *dunjo-z ); < Germanic root dun- : compare Sanskrit dhûni roaring, a torrent; also Old Norse duna feminine ‘rushing or thundering noise’ (perhaps a later formation from the verb). Elsewhere in West Germanic only the derived verb appears: see din v.
a. A loud noise; particularly a continued confused or resonant sound, which stuns or distresses the ear.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > [noun] > loud sound or noise
chirma800
dina1000
utas1202
noise?c1225
nurthc1225
dinninga1400
glama1400
glavera1400
reer?a1400
reirdc1400
dunch1440
steveningc1440
rebound1457
bruit?1473
alarm1489
yell1509
gild?a1513
shout?a1513
reveriea1522
routa1522
thundering1560
rumouringc1563
dinrie?1566
rear1567
fray1568
thunder-crack1595
thunder1600
fanfarea1605
fragor1605
clamour1606
thunder-clap1610
obstrepency1623
tonitruation1658
randana1661
clarion1667
leden1674
bluster1724
salvoa1734
ding1750
row1753
tonance1778
dunder1780
chang1788
blare1807
flare1815
detonation1830
trump1848
trumpeting1850
foghorn1875
yammer1932
a1000 Solomon & Saturn 324 Þæt heo domes dæges dyn gehyre.
OE Christ & Satan 464 Se dyne becom, hlud of heofonum, þa he helle duru forbræc.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 117 Þo com a dine of heuene.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5774 Þer wes swiðe muchel dune þeines þer dremden.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3467 Smoke up rekeð and munt quakeð,..Ai was moses one in ðis dine.
1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 7427 Als wode men dose..and makes gret dyn.
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xxi. 65 The erthe quook..And dede men for þat deon comen oute of deope graues.
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 281 To vincust thame with litill sturt or dyn.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 274 Sone he dressit to his dede & no dyn made.
1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. D3 A man may stop his eares to hear their dinne.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. ii. 373 Ile..make thee rore, That beasts shall tremble at thy dyn . View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 521 Dreadful was the din Of hissing through the Hall. View more context for this quotation
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 509. ⁋2 The din of squallings, oaths, and cries of beggars.
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 7 Faint, and more faint, its failing din Returned from cavern, cliff, and linn.
1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold III. xi. vi. 184 From the hall..came the din of tumultuous wassail.
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 1 All the steeples from the Abbey to the Tower sent forth a joyous din.
b. The subjective impression of a sounding or ringing in the ears.
ΚΠ
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. i. 3 Pressing the Eare, produceth a dinne.
1787 W. Cowper Let. 29 Sept. (1982) III. 36 I have a perpetual Din in my head and..hear nothing aright.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

DINn.2

Brit. /dɪn/, U.S. /dɪn/, /ˌdiˌaɪˈɛn/
Forms: Also D.I.N.
Etymology: < German, acronym < the initials of Deutsche Industrie-Norm German Industrial Standard, as laid down (from 1917) by the Deutsches Institut für Normung German Standards Institution (formerly Deutscher Normenausschuß German Standards Committee).
(Any of) a series of German technical standards widely used outside Germany (esp. for the description of paper sizes and film-speed ratings, and for electrical specifications); goods, etc., conforming to these standards. Frequently attributive, esp. preceding classification number. Cf. ASA n. at A n. Initialisms, B.S.I. n. at B n. Initialisms 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > [noun] > a system or standard of measuring > other spec.
international1857
International System1864
centimetre-gram-second1875
foot-pound-second1877
DIN1932
SI1961
imperial1970
society > trade and finance > merchandise > [adjective] > types of goods > conforming to regulatory standards
DIN1972
society > trade and finance > merchandise > [noun] > particular class of > conforming to regulatory standards
DIN1984
the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > conformity to or with a pattern, etc. > [noun] > a standard or norm > of manufacture or construction > specific
B.S.1932
DIN1984
1932 Industr. Standardization 3 205/2 (caption) German standard sheet DIN 826 showing make-up of magazine page.
1937 E. J. Labarre Dict. Paper 282/2 In this country [sc. Russia] the din sizes of the A-series have been adopted as standard sizes.
1938 G. H. Sewell Amateur Film-making ii. 18 The most general methods of speed notation in use to-day are the H. & D., Scheiner, and DIN (Deutsche Industrie Norm).
1940 F. J. Mortimer Wall's Dict. Photogr. (ed. 15) 573 The figures used to represent speed are on a logarithmic scale, a plate of 18/10 D.I.N. requiring double the exposure of one of speed 21/10 D.I.N.
1965 Berg & Mannheim in Focal Encycl. Photogr. (ed. 2) II. 1437/1 When DIN speed ratings were..revised in 1961..the degree sign was..eliminated, so that 15° DIN became 15 DIN.
1972 Electr. & Electronics Abstr. LXXV. 471/1 (heading) An electronic automatic staircase lighting switch for quick mounting on a DIN support bar.
1973 A. Parrish Mech. Engineer's Ref. Bk. (ed. 11) x. 62 The German standards authority published DIN 24255 for water duties and DIN 24256 for chemical duties [of pumps].
1976 Which? Sept. 203/1 We've done signal to noise measurements CCIR weighted this time — a better measure of how annoying the noise is in practice than the DIN weighting.
1983 New Electronics 25 Jan. 70/3 The DIN 41612 connector constitutes a universal system utilising only a small number of connector families while meeting the pre-requisites of both user and manufacturer.
1984 What Video? Aug. 17/1 The leads supplied (7-pin DIN 3V32 and 5-pin DIN on TV) are not compatible.

Compounds

DIN plug n. a type of multipin plug used to connect audio equipment.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical appliances or devices > [noun] > used in audio equipment
DIN plug1976
1976 Pract. Electronics Oct. 819/2 The power for Digiscope comes from external supplies, and this is connected via a four-core cable terminated in a seven-pin DIN plug.
1982 Listener 16 Dec. 34/4 A couple of leads with phono plugs at one end and DIN plugs on sockets at the other end.
DIN socket n. see DIN plug n.
ΚΠ
1975 Gramophone Jan. 1421/1 The fifth DIN socket separates the pre-amplifier from the power amplifier.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1989; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

dinv.

Forms: Past tense and participle dinned /dɪnd/. Forms: Old English dynnan, dynian, Middle English dunen, dunien, denie, dinen, Middle English denen, dennen, donen, Middle English–1500s dyn(n, Middle English dunnyn, Middle English– din.
Etymology: In I., Old English dynnan , dynian = Old Saxon dunian to give forth a sound, Old Norse dynja (dundi ) to come rumbling down, to gush, pour, Middle Dutch and Niederrheinisch dunen , Middle High German tünen to roar, rumble, thunder, all < Old Germanic *dunjan , from root of din n.1 Old Norse had also duna to thunder, rumble < Old Germanic *dunôjan . In II. apparently a new formation < din n.1
I. To make a loud or ringing sound.
1.
a. intransitive. (In Old English and Middle English) To sound, ring with sound, resound. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > thing heard > make sound [verb (intransitive)]
dinOE
sweyc1000
sounda1325
goa1450
speak1604
talk1793
to go off1810
OE Beowulf 767 Sið, þæt se hearmscaþa to Heorute ateah! Dryhtsele dynede.
a1225 St. Marher. (1866) 20 Þa þuhte hit as þah a þunre dunede.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 15178 Þa eorðe gon to dunien.
a1300 K. Horn 592 Þe fole schok þe brunie Þat al þe curt gan denie.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1770 Þe erth quok and dind [Fairf. dynet, Gött. dinned, Trin. Cambr. dened] again.
c1430 Syr Gener. (Helm.) 1 b He uncoupled his houndes and blew his horn, Al the forest dynned of that blast.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvi. 131 To schir colyne sic dusche he gave, That he dynnyt on his arsoune.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xi. i. 89 So lowd thair wofull bewaling habundis, That all the palice dynnis and resoundis.
b. Of persons: To make a loud noise; to roar.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > cry or shout [verb (intransitive)] > roar or bellow
bellOE
roarOE
berec1225
routc1300
romya1325
lowa1382
roungec1390
roupa1425
din1508
roust1513
hurl1530
bellow1603
belvea1794
boo-hoo1825
1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aii* Than dynnyt the duergh in angir and yre With raris quhil the rude hall reirdit agane.
II. To bombard or weary with noise.
2. transitive. To assail with din or wearying vociferation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > cry or shout [verb (transitive)] > shout at
biremec1200
to shout at, on (a person)c1384
whoop1658
din1674
ding-dong1797
1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge To Rdr. Why should the ears of all the neighborhood be dinn'd..with the Cackle?
1786 S. Henley tr. W. Beckford Arabian Tale 149 I want not to have my ears dinned, by him and his dotards.
1855 R. C. Singleton tr. Virgil Aeneid iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. I. 377 With never-ceasing words On this and that side is the hero dinned.
1872 W. Black Strange Adventures Phaeton xix. 265 The deafening causeway that had dinned our ears for days past.
3. To make to resound; to utter continuously so as to deafen or weary, to repeat ad nauseam; esp. in to din (something) into (some one's) ears.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > state or declare [verb (transitive)] > continuously
ding1555
to din (something) into (some one's) ears1724
dun1775
ding-dong1818
1724 J. Swift Let. to Mr. Harding 11 This hath been often Dinned in my Ears.
1830 W. Scott Lett. Demonol. & Witchcraft vii. 218 Horrors which were dinned into their ears all day.
a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) II. 272 My own and other people's cares Are dinned incessant in my ears.
1842 S. Lover Handy Andy i The head man had been dinning his instructions into him.
1877 W. Black Green Pastures (1878) xxxix. 315 It was the one word Gazette that kept dinning itself into his ears.
4. intransitive. To make a din; to resound; to give forth deafening or distressing noise.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > make a loud sound or noise [verb (intransitive)]
flitec900
beme?c1225
thunderc1374
full-sounda1382
claryc1440
reird1508
shout1513
to make the welkin ring1590
rally1728
din1798
alarm1839
trombone1866
clarion1885
blast1931
blare1955
1798 W. Wordsworth Female Vagrant in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 82 The bag-pipe dinning on the midnight moor.
1819 W. Irving Rip Van Winkle in Sketch Bk. i. 65 His wife kept continually dinning in his ears about his idleness.
1831 J. Wilson Unimore vi. 13 Steep water-falls, for ever musical, Keep dinning on.
1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) III. 228 I am perplexed when I hear the voices of Thrasymachus and myriads of others dinning in my ears.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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