† deren.

Forms: Middle English–1500s dere, Middle English der, Middle English ( darr), deire, derre, deerre, deyr(e, Middle English–1500s deere, Middle English–1600s Scottish deir, 1500s deare, 1600s dialect dare.

Etymology: < dere v.: perhaps a continuation of Old English daru (whence Middle English darr ) with the vowel assimilated to the verb: compare Middle Dutch dere , in Kilian dere , deyre ‘nocumentum, offensa, noxa’. See dere v.

Obsolete.

Harm, hurt, injury, mischief, esp. in to do (a person) dere.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > harm or injury > [noun]

loathc900

teenOE

ungrithlOE

wemming1100

waningc1175

wrongc1275

prejudicec1300

derea1325

torferc1325

eviltyc1330

griefc1330

wem1338

injurec1374

truitc1390

noyinga1398

inconvenience14..

nocument?a1425

outraya1425

injuryc1430

mischieving1432

supprise1442

incommodityc1450

interess1489

grudge1491

tort1532

wreaka1542

impeachment1548

inconveniency1553

indemnity1556

interestc1575

abuse1595

mischievance1600

oblesion1656

grit1876

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > harm, injury, or wrong > [noun] > as inflicted

wrongc1275

derea1325

grievancec1386

resentment1683

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3214 Pharaon bannede vt his here, Israel he ðhogte to don dere.

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 8904 Now may ȝe lyghtly bere þe stones to schip wyþouten dere.

14.. Grene Knt. 401 in Sir Gawayne (Bannatyne Club) App. 237 If itt be poynt of any warr, There shall noe man doe you noe darr.

c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) ii. 192 I shall the socor in euery dere.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iv. l. 562 Wallace persauit his men tuk mekill deyr.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xvi. 198 Wyll ye do any dere To my chyld and me?

?1577 F. T. Debate Pride & Lowlines sig. Aviii^v Many a vice..Which doo and haue done this land mickle deere.

1603 Philotus lxxiii. sig. C4 Ȝow mon first to me sweir, That ȝe to me sall do na deir.

1674 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 13 Dare, harm or pain..It does me no dare, i.e. no harm.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† derev.

Forms: Old English derian, Middle English derie(n, (Middle English deri, derye), Middle English deren, Middle English–1500s dere, Middle English der, (Middle English–1600s deere, Middle English deire, dayre, Middle English–1500s deyre, 1500s dear(e, Scottish deir, 1500s–1600s dare).

Etymology: Old English dęrian, dęrigan = Old Frisian dera, Old Saxon derian, Middle Dutch dēren (daren), Dutch deren, Old High German terjan, teren, Middle High German tern < West Germanic *darjan, < West Germanic *dara strong feminine, Old High German tara, Old English daru, hurt, harm, injury, damage.

Obsolete.

a. transitive. To hurt, harm, injure.In Old English intransitive with dative, ‘to do harm to’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (intransitive)]

derec888

wringa1529

strikea1535

the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (transitive)]

derec888

marc1275

hurt1297

shond1338

teenc1380

offendc1425

tamec1430

wreakc1440

supprisea1450

mischiefc1450

mischieve1465

wringa1529

strikea1535

danger1538

bemarc1540

violate1551

damnify?a1562

injury1579

aggrievea1716

crock1846

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. vii. §3 Þæt him ða stormas derian ne mahan.

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 13 Ne þet eou scal derien nouðer here ne hunger.

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 79 Flesliche lustes þe derieð ure sowle.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 574 Leoun or wlf..Or oþer best, þat wolde him dere.

1380 Lay Folks' Catech. (Lamb. MS.) 831 Fals wytnesse þow noon beere Þy neyȝbore wyttyngly to dere.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ix. l. 290 He gert him suer, Fra that day furth he suld him neuir der.

?1518 A. Barclay tr. D. Mancinus Myrrour Good Maners sig. Eii^v Who is without trespasse: what can hym hurt or deare.

1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 1^v Great charge, so long did dare me.

?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xi. 406 The wound did dare him sore.

1613 T. Potts Wonderfull Discov. Witches sig. K2 The stick nor the stake shall neuer deere thee.

b. absol. To do harm, ‘hurt’.

ΚΠ

a1100 Anglo-Saxon Chron. anno 1032 Gehwær hit [þat wilderfyr] derode eac on manegum stowum.

c1386 G. Chaucer Squire's Tale 232 And of Achilles for his queinte spere, For he couþe wiþ it boþe hele and dere.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10014 Þat nathing mai cum in þat ders.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1293 Ffor to dere for the dethe of his dere cosyn.

2. To trouble, grieve, vex, annoy, incommode.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > be annoyed or vexed by [verb (transitive)] > annoy or vex

gremec893

dretchc900

awhenec1000

teenOE

fretc1290

annoyc1300

atrayc1320

encumberc1330

diseasec1340

grindc1350

distemperc1386

offenda1387

arra1400

avexa1400

derea1400

miscomforta1400

angerc1400

engrievec1400

vex1418

molesta1425

entrouble?1435

destroublea1450

poina1450

rubc1450

to wring (a person) on the mailsc1450

disprofit1483

agrea1492

trouble1515

grig1553

mis-set?1553

nip?1553

grate1555

gripe1559

spitec1563

fike?1572

gall1573

corsie1574

corrosive1581

touch1581

disaccommodate1586

macerate1588

perplex1590

thorn1592

exulcerate1593

plague1595

incommode1598

affret1600

brier1601

to gall or tread on (one's) kibes1603

discommodate1606

incommodate1611

to grate on or upon1631

disincommodate1635

shog1636

ulcerate1647

incommodiate1650

to put (a person) out of his (her, etc.) way1653

discommodiate1654

discommode1657

ruffle1659

regrate1661

disoblige1668

torment1718

pesta1729

chagrin1734

pingle1740

bothera1745

potter1747

wherrit1762

to tweak the nose of1784

to play up1803

tout1808

rasp1810

outrage1818

worrit1818

werrit1825

buggerlug1850

taigle1865

get1867

to give a person the pip1881

to get across ——1888

nark1888

eat1893

to twist the tail1895

dudgeon1906

to tweak the tail of1909

sore1929

to put up1930

wouldn't it rip you!1941

sheg1943

to dick around1944

cheese1946

to pee off1946

to honk off1970

to fuck off1973

to tweak (a person's or thing's) tail1977

to tweak (a person's or thing's) nose1983

to wind up1984

to dick about1996

to-teen-

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 7377 To be king not wol him dere.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) iii. 9 Stagez..ilk ane abouen oþer, to see þe iustyng, so þat nane schall dere oþer, ne lett oþer to see.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 99 That dered hym so moche that he wyste not what to saye..he was so angry in his herte.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13550 Now me bus, as a beggar, my bred for to thigge At doris vpon dayes, that dayres me full sore.

1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Suffolk x When we [envoys] shewed wherein eche other dered, we sought out meanes al quarels to haue clered.

1674 J. Ray S. & E. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 64 It dares me, it pains or grieves me.

Derivatives

ˈdering n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [noun] > action

illingc1220

annoyingc1330

impairingc1380

appairing1388

harminga1400

infection?1520

deringc1540

endamaging1567

hurtinga1568

maiminga1568

damaging1569

touching1590

butchering1618

damnificationa1631

poisoning1631

spoiling1632

vitiating1647

sapping1825

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > harmful action > [noun]

illingc1220

wrake13..

violenta1382

damaginga1400

harminga1400

spitea1400

offendinga1425

deringc1540

disservice1599

damagement1603

violencing1612

damnificationa1631

injuring1651

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11003 Dyng hom to dethe for deyring of other.

ˈdering adj. (also derend, deriynde) doing harm, hurtful.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [adjective] > harmful or injurious

litherc893

scathefulc900

orneOE

teenfulOE

atterlichc1050

evilc1175

wicka1250

scathela1300

deringa1325

unkindc1330

harmfula1340

ill1340

wicked1340

shrewdc1380

noisomea1382

venomed1382

noyfulc1384

damageousc1386

infectivea1398

unwholesomea1400

annoying?c1400

mischievous1414

damnablec1420

contagiousc1430

mischievable?a1439

damagefulc1449

damageable1474

unhappy1474

nuisable1483

nocible1490

nuisible1490

nuisant1494

noxiousa1500

nocent?c1500

hurtful1526

sinistral1534

nocive1538

offendent1547

offensivea1548

dangerous1548

naughtya1555

dispendious1557

offensible1575

wrackful1578

baneful1579

hindersome1580

scandalizing1593

damnifiable1604

taking1608

toadish1611

illful1613

nocivousc1616

mischieving1621

nocuous1627

obnoxious1638

nocumentous1644

vicious1656

nocumental1657

abnoxious1680

dungeonable1691

offending1694

hurtsomea1699

nociferous1706

sinister1726

damnific1727

hazardous1748

slaughtering1811

damaging1856

damnous1870

lethal1942

the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [adjective]

eileOE

soreOE

balefulc1200

carefulc1200

aching?c1225

pinefulc1225

sughendc1230

pininga1250

stinginga1250

toughc1275

deringa1325

unsetec1325

unwinc1330

throlya1375

encumbrousc1384

grievable1390

painful1395

plaintfula1400

sweamlya1400

swemandc1400

temptingc1400

importunea1425

sweamfulc1430

penible?a1439

discomfortingc1450

grievingc1450

remordingc1450

sorousc1503

badc1530

paining1532

raw1548

nippingc1550

smartful1556

pinching1563

grievesome1568

griping1568

afflictive1576

pressing1591

boisterous1599

heartstruck1608

carkingc1620

gravaminous1659

vellicating1669

weary1785

traumatizing1970

gut-wrenching1972

a1325 Prose Psalter liv. [lv.] 3 Hij were derend to me in ire.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 63 Þer byeþ leazinges helpinde, and leazinges likynde, and leazinges deriynde.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 118 Derynge or noyynge, nocumentum, gravamen.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	dere
释义	† deren. Forms: Middle English–1500s dere, Middle English der, Middle English ( darr), deire, derre, deerre, deyr(e, Middle English–1500s deere, Middle English–1600s Scottish deir, 1500s deare, 1600s dialect dare. Etymology: < dere v.: perhaps a continuation of Old English daru (whence Middle English darr ) with the vowel assimilated to the verb: compare Middle Dutch dere , in Kilian dere , deyre ‘nocumentum, offensa, noxa’. See dere v. Obsolete. Harm, hurt, injury, mischief, esp. in to do (a person) dere. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > harm or injury > [noun] loathc900 teenOE ungrithlOE wemming1100 waningc1175 wrongc1275 prejudicec1300 derea1325 torferc1325 eviltyc1330 griefc1330 wem1338 injurec1374 truitc1390 noyinga1398 inconvenience14.. nocument?a1425 outraya1425 injuryc1430 mischieving1432 supprise1442 incommodityc1450 interess1489 grudge1491 tort1532 wreaka1542 impeachment1548 inconveniency1553 indemnity1556 interestc1575 abuse1595 mischievance1600 oblesion1656 grit1876 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > harm, injury, or wrong > [noun] > as inflicted wrongc1275 derea1325 grievancec1386 resentment1683 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3214 Pharaon bannede vt his here, Israel he ðhogte to don dere. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 8904 Now may ȝe lyghtly bere þe stones to schip wyþouten dere. 14.. Grene Knt. 401 in Sir Gawayne (Bannatyne Club) App. 237 If itt be poynt of any warr, There shall noe man doe you noe darr. c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) ii. 192 I shall the socor in euery dere. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iv. l. 562 Wallace persauit his men tuk mekill deyr. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xvi. 198 Wyll ye do any dere To my chyld and me? ?1577 F. T. Debate Pride & Lowlines sig. Aviii^v Many a vice..Which doo and haue done this land mickle deere. 1603 Philotus lxxiii. sig. C4 Ȝow mon first to me sweir, That ȝe to me sall do na deir. 1674 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 13 Dare, harm or pain..It does me no dare, i.e. no harm. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † derev. Forms: Old English derian, Middle English derie(n, (Middle English deri, derye), Middle English deren, Middle English–1500s dere, Middle English der, (Middle English–1600s deere, Middle English deire, dayre, Middle English–1500s deyre, 1500s dear(e, Scottish deir, 1500s–1600s dare). Etymology: Old English dęrian, dęrigan = Old Frisian dera, Old Saxon derian, Middle Dutch dēren (daren), Dutch deren, Old High German terjan, teren, Middle High German tern < West Germanic darjan, < West Germanic dara strong feminine, Old High German tara, Old English daru, hurt, harm, injury, damage. Obsolete. 1. a. transitive. To hurt, harm, injure.In Old English intransitive with dative, ‘to do harm to’. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (intransitive)] derec888 wringa1529 strikea1535 the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (transitive)] derec888 marc1275 hurt1297 shond1338 teenc1380 offendc1425 tamec1430 wreakc1440 supprisea1450 mischiefc1450 mischieve1465 wringa1529 strikea1535 danger1538 bemarc1540 violate1551 damnify?a1562 injury1579 aggrievea1716 crock1846 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. vii. §3 Þæt him ða stormas derian ne mahan. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 13 Ne þet eou scal derien nouðer here ne hunger. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 79 Flesliche lustes þe derieð ure sowle. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 574 Leoun or wlf..Or oþer best, þat wolde him dere. 1380 Lay Folks' Catech. (Lamb. MS.) 831 Fals wytnesse þow noon beere Þy neyȝbore wyttyngly to dere. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ix. l. 290 He gert him suer, Fra that day furth he suld him neuir der. ?1518 A. Barclay tr. D. Mancinus Myrrour Good Maners sig. Eii^v Who is without trespasse: what can hym hurt or deare. 1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 1^v Great charge, so long did dare me. ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xi. 406 The wound did dare him sore. 1613 T. Potts Wonderfull Discov. Witches sig. K2 The stick nor the stake shall neuer deere thee. b. absol. To do harm, ‘hurt’. ΚΠ a1100 Anglo-Saxon Chron. anno 1032 Gehwær hit [þat wilderfyr] derode eac on manegum stowum. c1386 G. Chaucer Squire's Tale 232 And of Achilles for his queinte spere, For he couþe wiþ it boþe hele and dere. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10014 Þat nathing mai cum in þat ders. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1293 Ffor to dere for the dethe of his dere cosyn. 2. To trouble, grieve, vex, annoy, incommode. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > be annoyed or vexed by [verb (transitive)] > annoy or vex gremec893 dretchc900 awhenec1000 teenOE fretc1290 annoyc1300 atrayc1320 encumberc1330 diseasec1340 grindc1350 distemperc1386 offenda1387 arra1400 avexa1400 derea1400 miscomforta1400 angerc1400 engrievec1400 vex1418 molesta1425 entrouble?1435 destroublea1450 poina1450 rubc1450 to wring (a person) on the mailsc1450 disprofit1483 agrea1492 trouble1515 grig1553 mis-set?1553 nip?1553 grate1555 gripe1559 spitec1563 fike?1572 gall1573 corsie1574 corrosive1581 touch1581 disaccommodate1586 macerate1588 perplex1590 thorn1592 exulcerate1593 plague1595 incommode1598 affret1600 brier1601 to gall or tread on (one's) kibes1603 discommodate1606 incommodate1611 to grate on or upon1631 disincommodate1635 shog1636 ulcerate1647 incommodiate1650 to put (a person) out of his (her, etc.) way1653 discommodiate1654 discommode1657 ruffle1659 regrate1661 disoblige1668 torment1718 pesta1729 chagrin1734 pingle1740 bothera1745 potter1747 wherrit1762 to tweak the nose of1784 to play up1803 tout1808 rasp1810 outrage1818 worrit1818 werrit1825 buggerlug1850 taigle1865 get1867 to give a person the pip1881 to get across ——1888 nark1888 eat1893 to twist the tail1895 dudgeon1906 to tweak the tail of1909 sore1929 to put up1930 wouldn't it rip you!1941 sheg1943 to dick around1944 cheese1946 to pee off1946 to honk off1970 to fuck off1973 to tweak (a person's or thing's) tail1977 to tweak (a person's or thing's) nose1983 to wind up1984 to dick about1996 to-teen- a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 7377 To be king not wol him dere. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) iii. 9 Stagez..ilk ane abouen oþer, to see þe iustyng, so þat nane schall dere oþer, ne lett oþer to see. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 99 That dered hym so moche that he wyste not what to saye..he was so angry in his herte. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13550 Now me bus, as a beggar, my bred for to thigge At doris vpon dayes, that dayres me full sore. 1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Suffolk x When we [envoys] shewed wherein eche other dered, we sought out meanes al quarels to haue clered. 1674 J. Ray S. & E. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 64 It dares me, it pains or grieves me. Derivatives ˈdering n. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [noun] > action illingc1220 annoyingc1330 impairingc1380 appairing1388 harminga1400 infection?1520 deringc1540 endamaging1567 hurtinga1568 maiminga1568 damaging1569 touching1590 butchering1618 damnificationa1631 poisoning1631 spoiling1632 vitiating1647 sapping1825 the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > harmful action > [noun] illingc1220 wrake13.. violenta1382 damaginga1400 harminga1400 spitea1400 offendinga1425 deringc1540 disservice1599 damagement1603 violencing1612 damnificationa1631 injuring1651 c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11003 Dyng hom to dethe for deyring of other. ˈdering adj. (also derend, deriynde) doing harm, hurtful. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [adjective] > harmful or injurious litherc893 scathefulc900 orneOE teenfulOE atterlichc1050 evilc1175 wicka1250 scathela1300 deringa1325 unkindc1330 harmfula1340 ill1340 wicked1340 shrewdc1380 noisomea1382 venomed1382 noyfulc1384 damageousc1386 infectivea1398 unwholesomea1400 annoying?c1400 mischievous1414 damnablec1420 contagiousc1430 mischievable?a1439 damagefulc1449 damageable1474 unhappy1474 nuisable1483 nocible1490 nuisible1490 nuisant1494 noxiousa1500 nocent?c1500 hurtful1526 sinistral1534 nocive1538 offendent1547 offensivea1548 dangerous1548 naughtya1555 dispendious1557 offensible1575 wrackful1578 baneful1579 hindersome1580 scandalizing1593 damnifiable1604 taking1608 toadish1611 illful1613 nocivousc1616 mischieving1621 nocuous1627 obnoxious1638 nocumentous1644 vicious1656 nocumental1657 abnoxious1680 dungeonable1691 offending1694 hurtsomea1699 nociferous1706 sinister1726 damnific1727 hazardous1748 slaughtering1811 damaging1856 damnous1870 lethal1942 the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [adjective] eileOE soreOE balefulc1200 carefulc1200 aching?c1225 pinefulc1225 sughendc1230 pininga1250 stinginga1250 toughc1275 deringa1325 unsetec1325 unwinc1330 throlya1375 encumbrousc1384 grievable1390 painful1395 plaintfula1400 sweamlya1400 swemandc1400 temptingc1400 importunea1425 sweamfulc1430 penible?a1439 discomfortingc1450 grievingc1450 remordingc1450 sorousc1503 badc1530 paining1532 raw1548 nippingc1550 smartful1556 pinching1563 grievesome1568 griping1568 afflictive1576 pressing1591 boisterous1599 heartstruck1608 carkingc1620 gravaminous1659 vellicating1669 weary1785 traumatizing1970 gut-wrenching1972 a1325 Prose Psalter liv. [lv.] 3 Hij were derend to me in ire. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 63 Þer byeþ leazinges helpinde, and leazinges likynde, and leazinges deriynde. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 118 Derynge or noyynge, nocumentum, gravamen. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online June 2022). > see also also refers to : † deardereadj.² < n.a1325v.c888 see also
随便看	θ132141 θ132142 θ132143 θ132144 θ132145 θ132146 θ132147 θ132148 θ132149 θ13215 θ132150 θ132151 θ132152 θ132153 θ132154 θ132155 θ132156 θ132157 θ132158 θ132159 θ13216 θ132160 θ132161 θ132162 θ132163

† deren.

† derev.

Derivatives

> see also