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单词 alterate
释义

alteratev.

Brit. /ˈɔːltəreɪt/, /ˈɒltəreɪt/, U.S. /ˈɔltəreɪt/, /ˈɑltəreɪt/
Forms: late Middle English– alterate, 1900s– alteraatin' (English regional (Lincolnshire), present participle). Past participle late Middle English altratyd, late Middle English–1600s alterate, 1500s– alterated; Scottish pre-1700 alterait, pre-1700 alterat.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin alterat-, alterare.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin alterat-, past participial stem (compare -ate suffix3) of alterare alter v. Compare earlier alter v.
transitive. To alter, change.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > change [verb (transitive)]
wharvec897
wendOE
i-wendeOE
awendOE
aturn?c1225
biwrixle?c1225
changec1225
turnc1225
shifta1325
vary1340
inchangea1382
strange1390
altera1398
alterate?a1425
permute?a1425
difference1481
renewc1515
alienate1534
wrixlec1540
to chop and change1557
variate1566
palter1587
permutate1598
immute1613
unmake1616
unsame1632
chop1644
veer1647
variegatea1690
refract1700
mutabilatea1704
commute1825
stranger1863
switch1919
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 114 (MED) For to alterate þe place with succus of portulacus.
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 61v Wondez of a dart..or of a stone or staffe..it is nede fleshez compressed & kutte, alterate & putrefied, making pus.
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 5775 (MED) Alterat with Bachus myȝty Iows..he hath lost boþe foot & hond.
a1500 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 173 (MED) That theyre pover levyng synfulle and adversyte May be altratyd unto welth, rychess, and prosperyte.
a1505 R. Henryson Test. Cresseid l. 227 in Poems (1981) 118 Scho was dissimulait,..And suddanely changit and alterait.
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. ix. sig. Rijv His excellent lawes beinge stablisshed shulde never be alterate.
1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 197 With sickenes he was so alterate, He dyed then.
1549 T. Chaloner tr. Erasmus Praise of Folie sig. Tijv Those holy men shall be altogether transformed and alterated.
a1618 J. Sylvester Mysterie of Mysteries in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Diuine Weekes & Wks. (1621) facing p. 1215 No out-ward Force..Can Thy drad Essence alterate.
1654 ‘E. Philalethes’ Marrow of Alchemy II. 12 Some [metals]..drive One from the other by heat, and their center You shall perceive was never penetrate, Nor either by each you'l find alterate.
1655 N. Culpeper et al. tr. L. Rivière Pract. Physick vii. i. 152 Expectorating Medicines, and the rest are to be alterated for the same reason.
1759 New Universal Hist. Arts & Sci. I. 368/1 If the epiploon was alterated, it must be cut as far as into its sound part.
1780 J. T. Dillon Trav. Spain ii. xiii. 344 The olive is freed from those viscous, fetid, and sulphureous particles which are found in the stone, and alterate the juice of the fruit.
1827 C. Bury Flirtation (1836) vi. 85 Though he used to be a great favourite heretofore, this affair has alterated things completely.
1867 J. J. Moorman Mineral Waters U.S. & Canada viii. 149 The water had been running off by the kidneys, but had not affected his bowels, softened his skin, or in any degree alterated his liver.
1909 Evening Times (Cumberland, Maryland) 6 May The work of..alterating the B. & O. Y. M. C. A. building.
1995 J. M. Sims-Kimbrey Wodds & Doggerybaw: Lincs. Dial. Dict. 7/2 I'm fraãmin' 'ow ter goo about alteraãtin' yon bit o' the pen ter git them chickens in anall.
1999 B. W. Minifie Chocolate, Cocoa, & Confectionery (ed. 3) xviii. 496 The actual physical state of the gum and its chewing properties can be radically alterated by certain flavoring materials.

Derivatives

ˈalterated adj.
ΚΠ
1579 T. Hill tr. L. Fioravanti Ioyfull Iewell sig. Gii Our Quintæssence Soluti[u]e..expelleth the corrupt and alterated matter in our Bodyes.
1663 G. Harvey Archelogia Philosophica Nova II. i. xvii. 112 Aristotle defineth mistion to be an union of alterated miscibles.
1745 D. De Coetlogon Universal Hist. Arts & Sci. II. 148 He had faithfully answered those alterated Objections.
1853 J. Laurie Elements Homeopathic Pract. 641 The red globules may contribute to its production and they, although altered to make it harmonize with their alterated elements of the fluid, may aid in that spontaneous formation of red blood.
1958–9 Monumenta Nipponica 14 340 Most interesting is the wavering between minor second and alterated second.
2008 Mental Health Business Week (Nexis) 31 May 195 Substance-dependent individuals show..alterated frontocortical recruitment when performing experimental tasks.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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