† demen.¹

Forms: Old English dœ́ma, Old English–Middle English déma, Middle English deme.

Etymology: Old English dœ́ma, déma = Old High German tuômo, Gothic type dômja < Old Germanic dômjon-, < dôm- judgement, doom.

Obsolete.

A judge, arbiter, ruler.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > judge > [noun]

demec825

doomerc888

deemerc950

demendOE

doomsmana1200

dempstera1300

trierc1330

judgec1384

dooma1400

judge manc1410

knower?c1425

doomsterc1450

jurist1481

righter1566

tribune1587

syndicator1610

deemster1795

squire1817

judge-carl1818

c825 Vesp. Psalter xlix. [l.] 6 Forðon god doema is.

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 95 Þe helend is alles moncunnes dema.

a1250 Owl & Nightingale 1783 Wa schal unker speche rede And telle tovore unker deme?

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4804 Þerof he wes deme [c1300 Otho louerd]. & duc feole ȝere.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

demen.²

Brit.

/diːm/, U.S.

/dim/

Etymology: < Greek δῆμος district, township.

1. A township or division of ancient Attica. In modern Greece: A commune.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in ancient Greece

demos1762

deme1833

obe1835

naucrary1836

ethnos1910

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > borough > in ancient Greece or Rome

township1602

borougha1747

demos1762

deme1833

1628 T. Hobbes tr. Thucydides Peloponnesian War (1822) 86 Acharnas, which is the greatest town in all Attica of those that are called Demoi.]

1833 C. Thirlwall in Philol. Museum 2 290 The procession..is supposed to take place in the deme of Dicæopolis.

1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. 73 The ten tribes were subdivided into districts of various extent, called demes, each containing a town or village, as its chief place.

1874 J. P. Mahaffy Social Life Greece xii. 383 He was made a citizen and enrolled in the respectable Acharnian deme.

1881 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 542 (Greece & her Claims) Elementary schools in most of the demes.

2. Biology. Any undifferentiated aggregate of cells, plastids, or monads. (Applied by Perrier to the tertiary or higher individual resulting from the aggregate integration of merides or permanent colonies of cells.)

ΚΠ

1883 P. Geddes in Encycl. Brit. XVI. 843/1 The term colony, corm, or deme may indifferently be applied to these aggregates of primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary order which are not, however, integrated into a whole, and do not reach the full individuality of the next higher order.

1883 P. Geddes in Encycl. Brit. XVI. 843/2 Starting from the unit of the first order, the plastid or monad, and terming any undifferentiated aggregate a deme, we have a monad-deme integrating into a secondary unit or dyad, this rising through dyad-demes into a triad, these forming triad-demes, etc.

3. Ecology. A local population of closely related plants or animals; also used as the second element of more precise terms, as in ecodeme, gamodeme, topodeme, etc.

ΚΠ

1939 Gilmour & Gregor in Nature 19 Aug. 333/1 In the course of work on the experimental delimitation of botanical groups, the need has arisen for a term which can be applied to any specified assemblage of taxonomically closely related individuals... We propose the term deme (from the Greek δῆμος) for this purpose, with appropriate prefixes to denote particular kinds of demes.

1954 Genetica XXVII. 150 The essence of the deme terminology is the construction of a series of category-terms by the addition of one or more virtually self-explanatory prefixes to the ‘neutral’ suffix ‘-deme’.

1961 G. G. Simpson Princ. Animal Taxon. v. 176 The smallest unit of population that has evolutionary significance is a group of individual animals (of one species or subspecies) so localized that they are in easy and more or less frequent contact with each other... That minimal population unit is called a deme.

1966 R. L. Smith Ecol. & Field Biol. xxiii. 431 Collectively, individuals within each group make up a genetical population, or deme... Individuals that make up the deme are not identical.

1969 Nature 22 Nov. 750/1 The patterns of polymorphisms he found in Arizona indicate that within a species there are small units, or demes, of the order of a hundred or so mice that do not mix with other demes.

Derivatives

demoˈlogical adj.

ΚΠ

1954 Genetica XXVII. 151 Sometimes, however, demological units will coincide with recognised taxa.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	deme
释义	† demen.¹ Forms: Old English dœ́ma, Old English–Middle English déma, Middle English deme. Etymology: Old English dœ́ma, déma = Old High German tuômo, Gothic type dômja < Old Germanic dômjon-, < dôm- judgement, doom. Obsolete. A judge, arbiter, ruler. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > judge > [noun] demec825 doomerc888 deemerc950 demendOE doomsmana1200 dempstera1300 trierc1330 judgec1384 dooma1400 judge manc1410 knower?c1425 doomsterc1450 jurist1481 righter1566 tribune1587 syndicator1610 deemster1795 squire1817 judge-carl1818 c825 Vesp. Psalter xlix. [l.] 6 Forðon god doema is. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 95 Þe helend is alles moncunnes dema. a1250 Owl & Nightingale 1783 Wa schal unker speche rede And telle tovore unker deme? c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4804 Þerof he wes deme [c1300 Otho louerd]. & duc feole ȝere. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2021). demen.² Brit. /diːm/, U.S. /dim/ Etymology: < Greek δῆμος district, township. 1. A township or division of ancient Attica. In modern Greece: A commune. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in ancient Greece demos1762 deme1833 obe1835 naucrary1836 ethnos1910 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > borough > in ancient Greece or Rome township1602 borougha1747 demos1762 deme1833 1628 T. Hobbes tr. Thucydides Peloponnesian War (1822) 86 Acharnas, which is the greatest town in all Attica of those that are called Demoi.] 1833 C. Thirlwall in Philol. Museum 2 290 The procession..is supposed to take place in the deme of Dicæopolis. 1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. 73 The ten tribes were subdivided into districts of various extent, called demes, each containing a town or village, as its chief place. 1874 J. P. Mahaffy Social Life Greece xii. 383 He was made a citizen and enrolled in the respectable Acharnian deme. 1881 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 542 (Greece & her Claims) Elementary schools in most of the demes. 2. Biology. Any undifferentiated aggregate of cells, plastids, or monads. (Applied by Perrier to the tertiary or higher individual resulting from the aggregate integration of merides or permanent colonies of cells.) ΚΠ 1883 P. Geddes in Encycl. Brit. XVI. 843/1 The term colony, corm, or deme may indifferently be applied to these aggregates of primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary order which are not, however, integrated into a whole, and do not reach the full individuality of the next higher order. 1883 P. Geddes in Encycl. Brit. XVI. 843/2 Starting from the unit of the first order, the plastid or monad, and terming any undifferentiated aggregate a deme, we have a monad-deme integrating into a secondary unit or dyad, this rising through dyad-demes into a triad, these forming triad-demes, etc. 3. Ecology. A local population of closely related plants or animals; also used as the second element of more precise terms, as in ecodeme, gamodeme, topodeme, etc. ΚΠ 1939 Gilmour & Gregor in Nature 19 Aug. 333/1 In the course of work on the experimental delimitation of botanical groups, the need has arisen for a term which can be applied to any specified assemblage of taxonomically closely related individuals... We propose the term deme (from the Greek δῆμος) for this purpose, with appropriate prefixes to denote particular kinds of demes. 1954 Genetica XXVII. 150 The essence of the deme terminology is the construction of a series of category-terms by the addition of one or more virtually self-explanatory prefixes to the ‘neutral’ suffix ‘-deme’. 1961 G. G. Simpson Princ. Animal Taxon. v. 176 The smallest unit of population that has evolutionary significance is a group of individual animals (of one species or subspecies) so localized that they are in easy and more or less frequent contact with each other... That minimal population unit is called a deme. 1966 R. L. Smith Ecol. & Field Biol. xxiii. 431 Collectively, individuals within each group make up a genetical population, or deme... Individuals that make up the deme are not identical. 1969 Nature 22 Nov. 750/1 The patterns of polymorphisms he found in Arizona indicate that within a species there are small units, or demes, of the order of a hundred or so mice that do not mix with other demes. Derivatives demoˈlogical adj. ΚΠ 1954 Genetica XXVII. 151 Sometimes, however, demological units will coincide with recognised taxa. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹c825n.²1833
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† demen.1

demen.2

Derivatives

† demen.¹

demen.²