demandn.1
/dᵻˈmɑːnd/, /dᵻˈmand/, U.S. /dəˈmænd/, /diˈmænd/ 1.
a. An act of demanding or asking by virtue of right or authority; an authoritative or peremptory request or claim; also transferred, the substance or matter of the claim, that which is demanded.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > demand
demandc1290
postulate1588
postulatum1639
requisitive1751
society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > demand > a demand
demandc1290
boonc1300
calla1400
requisition?a1450
plea1598
requiral1611
clarion call?1784
drafta1817
outcry1834
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 130/823 Alle þat heorden þeos demaunde In grete wonder stoden þere.
1390–1 in Corr. Priory Coldingham (1841) 67 The quylk bischop mad hym richt resonable demaundes as we thoucht.
1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 259 But he..Withstood the wrong of that demaunde.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope v. xiii A fayrer demaunde or request than thyn is I shalle now make.
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxvi. 229 Graunt to Gerard your brother his demaunde.
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II iii. iii. 122 All the number of his faire demaunds, Shall be accomplisht without contradiction. View more context for this quotation
1654 B. Whitelocke Jrnl. Swedish Ambassy (1772) I. 41 A desire, that Whitelocke would putt down his demands in writing.
1769 W. Robertson Hist. Charles V II. iv. 239 Henry's extravagant demands had been received at Madrid with that neglect which they deserved.
1883 J. A. Froude Short Stud. IV. i. vii. 81 The king's demand seemed just and moderate to all present.
b. figurative.
ΚΠ
1726 Bp. J. Butler 15 Serm. vi. 105 Compassion is a Call, a Demand of Nature, to relieve the Unhappy.
1816 L. Hunt Story of Rimini iii. 83 He made..A sort of fierce demand on your respect.
1885 F. Temple Relations Relig. & Sci. viii. 228 The sense of responsibility is a rock which no demand for completeness in Science can crush.
2.
a. The action of demanding; claiming; peremptory asking.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > requesting or demanding
askinga1200
bidding?c1225
frayninga1300
requestc1405
postulationa1425
demanding1530
demand1604
flagitation1658
society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > demand
require1502
demanding1530
pretension1585
requiry1598
demand1604
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. i. 173 He shall with speede to England, For the demaund of our neglected tribute. View more context for this quotation
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida iii. iii. 17 What wouldst thou of vs Troian? make demand ? View more context for this quotation
1643 Earl of Newcastle Declar. in Answer of Six Groundlesse Aspersions by Ld. Fairefax 5 So a thief may term a true-man a malignant, because he doth refuse to deliver his Purse upon demand.
1781 W. Cowper Truth 93 High in demand, though lowly in pretence.
1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iv. §1. 161 The accession of a new sovereign..was at once followed by the demand of his homage.
b. on (†at) demand: (payable) on being requested, claimed, or presented: said of promissory notes, drafts, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > paper money > cheques and drafts > [adjective] > payable
on (at) demand1691
1691 London Gaz. No. 2636/4 A Note, signed Samuel Lock to Isaac Stackhouse on Demand, for 158l. 7s. 3d.
1715 London Gaz. No. 5299/4 They may have their Mony..at Demand.
1880 J. W. Smith Man. Common Law (ed. 9) iii. vi. 287 If a bill or note is payable on demand, the Statute of Limitations runs from the date of the instrument, without waiting for a demand.
1892 J. Adam Commercial Corr. 24 A Bank Note is a Promissory Note payable to Bearer on Demand.
3. Law. The action or fact of demanding or claiming in legal form; a legal claim; esp. a claim made by legal process to real property.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > claim at law > [noun]
pretence1425
demand1485
title1534
crave1707
craving1913
a1481 T. Littleton Tenures (1482) iii. giv Si home relessa a un auter toutz maners demandez.]
1485 Act 1 Hen. VII c. 1 As if his ancestor had dyed seised of the said lands and tenements so in demand.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 351 Aucthoritie to enquire, intreate, defyne and determine of all maner of causes, querels, debtes and demaundes.
1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 291 b There bee two kinde of demands or claimes, viz. a demand or claime in Deed, and a Demand or claime in Law.
1875 E. Poste tr. Gaius Institutionum Iuris Civilis (ed. 2) iv. Comm. 564 In a demand of a heritage, security must be given.
4.
a. ‘The calling for a thing in order to purchase it’ (Johnson); a call for a commodity on the part of consumers.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trading conditions > [noun] > supply and demand or market > demand
demand1711
rush1825
final demand1969
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 262. ⁋3 The Demand for my Papers has increased every Month.
1780 Impartial Hist. War Amer. 35 The English, finding a great demand for tobacco in Europe.
1882 Times 27 Nov. 11 The demand for tonnage at the Rice Ports has decidedly increased.
b. Political Economy. The manifestation of a desire on the part of consumers to purchase some commodity or service, combined with the power to purchase; called also effectual demand (cf. effectual adj. 2c). Correlative to supply.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > economic forces or effects
overheating1609
consumption1662
supply1744
production1767
demand1776
effective demand1819
employment rate1833
equilibrium1871
opportunity cost1894
bankers' ramp1931
multiplier1936
multiplier effect1937
market forces1942
cost push1952
externality1957
fiscal drag1964
demand-side1975
1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. i. vii. 68 Such people may be called the effectual demanders, and their demand the effectual demand; since it may be sufficient to effectuate the bringing of the commodity to market. View more context for this quotation
1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. i. xi. 234 The average produce of every sort of industry is always suited, more or less exactly, to the average consumption; the average supply to the average demand . View more context for this quotation
1848 J. S. Mill Princ. Polit. Econ. iii. iii. §2 Demand and supply govern the value of all things which cannot be indefinitely increased.
1868 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. (ed. 3) iii. 21 And this demand must be effectual, that is, must be accompanied with the power of proffering some other object in exchange.
1878 W. S. Jevons Polit. Econ. 99 The Laws of Supply and Demand may be thus stated: a rise of price tends to produce a greater supply and a less demand; a fall of price tends to produce a less supply and a greater demand.
c. in demand: sought after, in request.
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the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > need or want > [adjective] > in demand
in (also into) request?1574
of request1613
in demand1825
1825 J. R. McCulloch Princ. Polit. Econ. ii. iv. 178 Labourers would be in as great demand as before.
1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) We say, the company of a gentleman is in great demand; the lady is in great demand or request.
1868 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. (1876) iii. 2 It is necessary in order to give value to any object, that it should be, as is technically said, in demand.
5. An urgent or pressing claim or requirement; need actively expressing itself.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > need or want > [noun] > a need or requirement > urgent or pressing
necessityc1390
urgency1647
importance1740
demandc1790
stress1822
c1790 J. Willock Voy. diverse parts 259 We found the garrison had very urgent demands for provisions.
1856 B. Brodie Psychol. Inq. (ed. 3) I. i. 3 He had sufficient fortune to meet the reasonable demands of himself and his family.
1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) III. 184 The demands of a profession destroy the elasticity of the mind.
6. A request; a question. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > [noun] > act or instance of
askOE
askingOE
questionc1350
demandc1386
inquestc1400
interrogationc1405
inquisitionc1440
questioninga1450
inquirea1500
manda1500
terogatores1511
interrogatory1533
inquiry1548
interrogator1561
interrogativea1586
quaere1589
intergatory1590
A1591
Q1591
query1610
interrogate1633
starter1673
querical1699
speer1788
qy.1819
Q1902
c1386 G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale 374 Men myghten asken why she was nat slayn..I answere to that demande agayn Who saued danyel in the horrible Caue.
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 81 I wolde fayn axe yow a demande if it were your playsir.
1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 1 Every question or demaunde in thynges is of two sortes.
1634 J. Canne Necessitie of Separation i. 13 There followes an exhortation again, with other demaunds and answeres.
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield II. vi. 96 ‘I ask pardon, Sir..is not your name Ephraim Jenkinson?’ At this demand he only sighed.
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield II. xii. 204 ‘Pray your honour..can the 'Squire have this lady's fortune if he be married to another?’ ‘How can you make such a simple demand,’ replied the Baronet, ‘undoubtedly he cannot.’
1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound ii. iv. 87 One more demand; and do thou answer me As my own soul would answer, did it know That which I ask.
Compounds
attributive and in other combinations.
demand curve n. a graph showing how the demand for a commodity or service varies with or depends on some other quantity; spec. one that shows how the demand, at any particular time, varies according to the price charged.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > graph or diagram > [noun] > graph > other
hockey stick1843
curve fitting1895
demand curve1936
zero crossing1941
matching1955
length1959
error bar1968
1936 Economist 11 Apr. 85/2 And how far is the [building society] movement prepared to cope with any future change, such as a downward turn in the ‘demand curve’ for owner-occupied houses?
1949 Mind 58 199 The basis of the theory of demand is the demand-curve, which states a functional relationship between the price and the quantity of a commodity demanded by the aggregate of consumers.
demand deposit n. U.S. a banking account from which the customer can withdraw funds without prior notification.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > financial dealings > banking > [noun] > bank-account
account1615
bank account1671
a/c1736
drawing account1737
private account1772
banking account1792
embankment1813
current account1846
savings account1850
deposit account1851
checking account1923
demand deposit1930
ghost account1933
numbered account1963
1930 J. M. Keynes Treat. Money II. xxiii. 7 Current Accounts in England and Demand Deposits in the United States roughly correspond to the Cash-deposits.
1947 L. Tarshis Elem. Econ. iii. xxiii. 284 When someone writes a check, he instructs his bank to transfer a part of his demand deposit, or checking account, to another person.
1966 R. G. Lipsey Introd. Positive Econ. (ed. 2) viii. xlviii. 675 A demand deposit means that the customer can withdraw his money on demand.
demand-driven adj. Economics motivated or propelled by demand, esp. the (usually increasing) requirements of the user, consumer, etc.
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society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [adjective] > of or relating to specific policies or actions
imperial1726
co-operative1821
protectionist1844
inflationist1876
rational1915
deflationist1921
rationalist1942
producer-oriented1946
redistributionist1949
substantivist1956
supply side1957
demand-pull1958
tax-and-spend1960
stop-and-go1961
stop-go1962
go-stop1964
supply-driven1973
demand-side1975
supply side1976
demand-driven1980
1980 Newsweek 27 Oct. 89/3 If too many Americans begin to feel the same way, the nation could return to the old demand-driven inflationary treadmill.
1984 N.Y. Times 19 Feb. xxiii. 28/3 Health care is..a demand-driven industry, that is,..a large part of its costs are the result of increased demand for more and better services and technology.
demand feeding n. the feeding of a baby when it cries, and not according to a timetable.
ΚΠ
1953 R. Lightwood in W. Gaisford & R. Lightwood Paediatrics for Practitioner I. xiii. 118 Some people find that ‘demand feeding’ obviates this [sc. early morning crying of a baby].
1955 I. Asimov Martian Way (1964) 123 She followed the demand-feeding system or the ‘if-you-want-it-holler-and-you'll-get-it’ routine.
1970 Radio Times 16 Apr. 57/2 At about the same time that his [Dr. Spock's] book was published, a report came out attempting to prove that a baby could set his own feeding schedule (‘demand feeding’ as it has come to be known).
demand note n. a note payable on demand ( 2b); also, a formal request for payment.
ΚΠ
1866 A. Crump Pract. Treat. Banking v. 129 On a ‘demand’ note the statute [of Limitation] would run from the date of the instrument.
demand-pull n. attributive (Economics), designating inflation caused by demand ( 4b) in excess of available supply; contrasted with cost push n. at cost n.3 Compounds 2a.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [adjective] > of or relating to specific policies or actions
imperial1726
co-operative1821
protectionist1844
inflationist1876
rational1915
deflationist1921
rationalist1942
producer-oriented1946
redistributionist1949
substantivist1956
supply side1957
demand-pull1958
tax-and-spend1960
stop-and-go1961
stop-go1962
go-stop1964
supply-driven1973
demand-side1975
supply side1976
demand-driven1980
1958 Economist 29 Nov. 784/3 The proper approach to the wage element in inflation is to reduce the spread (itself largely a product of ‘demand-pull’ inflation) between basic wage rates and earnings.
1980 Newsweek 13 Oct. 99/2 Reagan's is basically a demand-pull tax cut, relying on consumer spending and saving to expand the economy.
demand-side n. attributive (Economics), pertaining to the demand side, esp. of the economy; hence, designating changes in price or output caused by variations in the pressure of demand; also non-attributive; contrasted with supply side n.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [adjective] > of or relating to specific policies or actions
imperial1726
co-operative1821
protectionist1844
inflationist1876
rational1915
deflationist1921
rationalist1942
producer-oriented1946
redistributionist1949
substantivist1956
supply side1957
demand-pull1958
tax-and-spend1960
stop-and-go1961
stop-go1962
go-stop1964
supply-driven1973
demand-side1975
supply side1976
demand-driven1980
society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > economic forces or effects
overheating1609
consumption1662
supply1744
production1767
demand1776
effective demand1819
employment rate1833
equilibrium1871
opportunity cost1894
bankers' ramp1931
multiplier1936
multiplier effect1937
market forces1942
cost push1952
externality1957
fiscal drag1964
demand-side1975
1975 Forbes 1 Jan. 215 The supply side looks bad, but the demand side looks worse.
1980 N.Y. Times 9 Mar. iii. 1/5 This is in contrast to the demand-side, or Keynesian, theory that to cure a lagging economy, one creates demand through government spending or tax cuts; and to cure inflation, one depresses demand by cutting spending or raising taxes.
demand money n.
ΚΠ
1892 Daily News 19 Dec. 6/3 Demand money was valued at 10 to 25 per cent.
demand promissory n.
ΚΠ
1892 J. Adam Commercial Corr. 22 The most common form is the Demand Promissory Note.
Draft additions 1993
demand-led adj. Economics = demand-driven adj. at Compounds.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trading conditions > [adjective] > specific state of market
simplea1387
glutted1714
heavy1831
saturated1848
soft1849
hard1880
firm1887
market clearing1950
demand-led1981
1981 Economist 7 Feb. (Amer. Real Estate Survey Suppl.) 11/3 A demand-led inflation in rents in several sunbelt cities.
1987 New Statesman 27 Nov. 14/2 There are not many ways of controlling the legal aid budget, because it is demand-led.
Draft additions September 2017
demand draft n. now chiefly Indian English. a pre-paid draft issued by a branch of a bank requiring the head office, another branch, or another bank to make a payment to a third party; a bank draft (see bank draft n. at bank n.3 Compounds 3).
ΚΠ
1864 Bangor (Maine) Daily Whig & Courier 2 Aug. 2/2 Bank checks without regard to amount, and sight or demand drafts and orders for more than $10, require two cent stamps.
1900 Times 4 Aug. 11/4 Posted rates for transfers and demand drafts are quoted..higher at close.
1992 Times of India 30 July 2/3 A demand draft for Rs. 25,000/- in favour of ‘Hotel Corporation of India Ltd.’ should accompany the quotation.
2017 Hindustan Times Newswire (Nexis) 28 Feb. Nearly 70,000 consumers make online payment while the rest pay their bills by cash, cheque or through demand draft.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
† demandn.2
Scottish. Obsolete.
Countermand; opposition to a command, desire, or wish; demur.
ΚΠ
a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 191 I that dar makine no demande To quhat I wot It lykith loue commande.
a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 3052 I fal at hir command Do at I may, withouten more demand.
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 598 In the passage with drawin sword in hand, Still thair he stude, and maid thame sic demand, Neuir ane of thame he wald lat furth by.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
demandv.
/dᵻˈmɑːnd/, /dᵻˈmand/, U.S. /dəˈmænd/, /diˈmænd/ I. To ask (authoritatively or peremptorily) for:
* a thing.† 4. To make a demand for (a thing) to (a person). [= French demander à.] Obsolete.
1.
a. transitive. To ask for (a thing) with legal right or authority; to claim as something one is legally or rightfully entitled to.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > demand
bid971
ofgoOE
askOE
cravec1025
to call after ——?a1300
requirea1382
callc1430
protest1459
to call for ——1479
demand1489
speer1493
command1576
to put (also place, call, etc.) in (or into) requisition1831
requisition1874
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > claim at law > [verb (transitive)]
betellc1275
suec1325
pursuea1382
demand1489
arraine (i.e. arrame) an assize1528
pleadc1650
1292 Britton vi. iv. §16 Si..le pleintif se profre et demaunde jugement de la defaute, le pleintif recovera seisine de sa demaunde, et le tenaunt remeindra en la merci.]
1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes iii. xiv. 199 Hys heyre myght haue an actyon for to demande the hole payement of hys wages.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 114 He was compelled to demaund an ayde and taske of all England for the quieting of Irelande.
1594 R. Crompton L'Authoritie & Iurisdict. des Courts f. 8 The Serjeant of the Parliament should..demaund deliuery of the prisoner.
1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 127 a He shall defend but the wrong and the force, & demand the iudgement if he shall be answered.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 182 And for euery tun of fresh water, they demanded and was payed..foure shillings and foure pence.
1670 Tryal of Penn & Mead in Phenix (1721) 321 I demand my Liberty, being freed by the Jury.
1763 Gentleman's Mag. Sept. 463 The peace officer..demanding entrance, the door was opened a little way.
1894 St. G. Mivart in Eclectic Mag. Jan. 10 To all men a doctrine was preached, and assent to its teaching was categorically demanded.
b. with infinitive phr. or subordinate clause.
ΚΠ
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost ii. i. 142 He doth demaund[printed pemaund; 1623 demand] to haue repaide, A hundred thousand Crownes. View more context for this quotation
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 161. ⁋9 The constable..demanded to search the garrets.
1834 L. Ritchie Wanderings by Seine 40 The diocese of Paris..had the cruelty and injustice to demand that the bones..should be returned to their care.
2. spec. in Law. To make formal claim to (real property) as the rightful owner. Cf. demand n.1 3 and demandant n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > claim at law > [verb (transitive)] > assert ownership of
demand1485
assert1652
enter1733
vindicatea1859
file1871
1485 Act 1 Hen. VII c. 1 That the demandant in euery such case haue his action against the Pernour or Pernours of the profits of the lands or tenements demanded.
?1530 St. German's Dyaloge Doctoure & Student ix. f. xxiiiv If the demandaunt or playntyffe hangynge his wryt wyll entre in to the thynge demaundyd his wryt shall abate.
1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 127 b Demandant, peteur, is hee which is actor in a reall action because he demandeth lands, etc.
1783 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (ed. 9) II. App. xviii Francis Golding Clerk in his proper person demandeth against David Edwards, Esq., two messuages.
3.
a. To ask for (a thing) peremptorily, imperiously, urgently, or in such a way as to command attention. †But formerly often weakened into a simple equivalent of ‘to ask’ (esp. in transl. from French, etc.). Const. of or from a person.
ΚΠ
1483 W. Caxton tr. A. Chartier Curial sig. jv But what demaundest thou? Thou sechest the way to lese thy self, by thexample of me.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxxxvi When Piers Cleret had paied the pencion to the lorde Hastynges, he gently demaunded of hym an acquitaunce, for his discharge.
1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 273 By his letter, hee had demaunded pardon of the Catholique King.
1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 108 He was to intreate his father to demand for him a wife.
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xl. 255 They demanded a King, after the manner of the nations.
1812 M. Edgeworth Vivian xi, in Tales Fashionable Life IV. 323 The physician qualified the assent, which his lordship's peremptory tone seemed to demand.
1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid ii, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 112 Trojans eye me in wrath, and demand my life as a foe!
b. with object expressed by infinitive phr. or subordinate clause.
ΚΠ
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. 56 I demaunded then to haue a compte of the people.
1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 242 They demaunded secretly..to borrow beds of silke, silver vessels, and other things fit for a kings service.
1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. to Henry VII I. 216 Anselm..demanded positively, that all the revenues of his see should be restored to him.
1769 O. Goldsmith Rom. Hist. I. 39 Two ruffians..demanding to speak with the king.
1798 Invasion II. 232 He..demanded to speak with Sherland.
c. absol.
ΚΠ
1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure xxxiii. xxii Whan I had so obteyned the victory, Unto me than my verlet well sayd: You have demaunded well and worthely.
1609 W. Shakespeare Louers Complaint in Sonnets sig. K3v Yet did I not as some my equals did Demaund of him, nor being desired yeelded.
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) ii. i. 21 Those girles of Italy, take heed of them, They say our French, lacke language to deny If they demand . View more context for this quotation
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > demand
calla1300
yeiec1320
to ask account?c1450
to call for ——1479
demand1484
inquirea1513
expostulate1548
advocatea1575
to stand upon ——1577
postulate1605
to stand on ——1606
bespeak1677
to put (also place, call, etc.) in (or into) requisition1831
requisition1874
1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xliiii. 67 Of whiche god shalle aske and demaunde to them acompte the daye of his grete Iugement.
c1500 Melusine (1895) 134 The kinge receyued hym moche benyngly and demanded to hym som tydynges.
5. To ask for (a person) to come or be produced; to ask to see; to require to appear; to summon.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > summon
lathec900
hightOE
clepec1000
ofclepeOE
ofsendOE
warna1250
callc1300
summonc1300
incalla1340
upcallc1340
summonda1400
becallc1400
ofgredec1400
require1418
assummonc1450
accitec1475
provoke1477
convey1483
mand1483
whistle1486
vocatec1494
wishc1515
to call up1530
citea1533
convent1540
convocate1542
prorogate1543
accersit1548
whistle for1560
advocatea1575
citate1581
evocate1639
demand1650
to warn in1654
summons1694
invoke1697
to send for1744
to turn up1752
requisition1800
whip1857
1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. xii. 257 And first in a fair way the offenders are demanded to justice.
1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre III. viii. 190 While the driver and Hannah brought in the boxes, they demanded St. John.
6. figurative. Said of things:
a. To call for of right or justice; to require.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > need or want > need [verb (transitive)] > require or demand > of right
demand1712
1292 Britton i. ix. §1 Et poet estre treysoun graunt et petit; dunt acun demaund jugement de mort, et acun amissioun de membre [etc.].]
1712 A. Pope tr. Statius First Bk. Thebais in Misc. Poems 5 Th' Alternate Reign destroy'd by Impious Arms, Demand our Song.
1779 W. Cowper Let. 2 Oct. (1979) I. 305 2 pair of soals with Shrimps which arrived last Night, demand my Acknowledgments.
1836 J. Gilbert Christian Atonem. vi. 233 Holiness may demand, but not desire the punishment of transgressors.
1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xvii. 93 The piety of the Duke demanded that the ceremony should be no longer delayed.
b. To call for or require as necessary; to have need of.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > need or want > need [verb (transitive)] > require or demand
askOE
willa1225
requirec1425
crave1576
desire1577
exact1592
solicit1592
wish1600
postulate1605
expect1615
to look after ——a1616
seek1656
demand1748
1748 Acct. Voy. for Discov. North-west Passage I. 145 Keep the Water..from going down faster, than the [Beaver] Dams which are below the House demand it.
1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect i. ii. 122 Sensibility everywhere demands a distribution of nerve fibres.
1878 J. Morley Carlyle in Crit. Misc. 1st Ser. 199 Government..more than anything else in this world demands skill, patience, energy, long and tenacious grip.
** a person for or to do a thing.† 7. To ask (a person) authoritatively, peremptorily, urgently, etc. for (a thing); to require (a person) to do a thing. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > call on to do something
summonc1300
to call up1389
requirec1425
callc1430
repeal1585
demand1632
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 482 I intreated Sir Richard Halkins to goe a shoare to the Governour, and demand him for my Gold.
1652 J. Wadsworth tr. P. de Sandoval Civil Wars Spain 22 Hee demanded the Catalanes to receiv, and acknowledg him their King.
1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. i. iii. 59 After they were read, I was demanded to swear to the Performance of them.
1795 Cicely I. 37 He demanded the traitor to give up his lovely prize.
*** intransitive.† 8. To make a demand; to ask for or after; to call urgently for. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lx. 208 Huon approchyd to the shyppe and demaundyd for the patrone and for the mayster of them that were in the shyppe.
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear ix. 66 Which euen but now demaunding after me, denide me to come in. View more context for this quotation
1654 R. Codrington tr. Justinus Hist. 200 To free himself of it, he demanded for a sword.
II. To ask (authoritatively) to know or be told:
* a thing.† 10. With cognate object: To ask (a question, etc.). Obsolete.
9.
a. To ask to know, authoritatively or formally; to request to be told.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > ask, enquire [verb (transitive)] > as a request
desire1477
demand1549
cravea1616
1292 Britton i. v. §9 Qe il verite dirrount de ceo qe hom les demaundera de par nous.]
1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Priuate Baptisme f. vi*v Then the prieste shall demaunde the name of the childe.
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece Argt. sig. A2v They..finding Lucrece attired in mourning habite, demanded the cause of her sorrow. View more context for this quotation
1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 262 The Portugals demaunded the state of the realme.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 77 In brauery and shew of insolence, demanding her businesse.
1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna iii. vii. 60 Ere with rapid lips and gathered brow I could demand the cause.
1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 11 And Guinevere,..desired his name, and sent Her maiden to demand it of the dwarf.
b. with the object expressed by a clause.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > question, interrogate [verb (transitive)]
afraynec1380
speera1400
refraynea1450
searcha1450
questiona1470
interrogate1483
interrogue1484
demanda1513
pose1526
ferret1582
shrive1592
samen?1620
query1653
quiza1843
hackle1891
rag1908
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. xiiii. f. viii Ye fader..Demaunded of Ragan the seconde doughter how wel she loued hym.
a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. CCv Demaundyng & enquiryng. Where is he yt is borne the kyng of ye iewes?
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 226 She demaunded howe her Uncle the French King did.
1615 E. Hoby Curry-combe 80 You should rather demand from him What likenese there is between 34 and 42.
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. xiv. 135 The old gentleman..most respectfully demanded if I was in any way related to the great Primrose.
1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 82 All the members demanded with one voice who it was who was charged with the crime of theft.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > ask, enquire [verb (transitive)] > ask a question
askOE
puta1350
inquirea1400
speera1500
demand1502
pose1862
to put up1901
lob1952
1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) i. iii. sig. b.iii v Who demaundeth ye childe a questyon.
?1577 J. Northbrooke Spiritus est Vicarius Christi: Treat. Dicing 39 Saye on..what you haue to demande, and I will answere you.
1602 W. Fulbecke Parallele or Conf. Law i. 50 Then I know your opinion as touching this question, now let me demaund another.
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Bb3 It asketh some knowledge to demaund a question, not impertinent. View more context for this quotation
** a person (as to a thing).† 11.
a. To ask (a person) authoritatively or formally to inform one (of, how, etc.). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1450 Crt. of Love (R.) And me demaunded how and in what wise I thither come, and what my errand was.
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 23 She..demanded him how he felte him self & how he ferde.
c1525 J. Rastell New Commodye Propertes of Women sig. Ci I demaund the not therof.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iii. vi. 89 When we haue supp'd Wee'l mannerly demand thee of thy Story. View more context for this quotation
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. i. 38 I demanded our dependant, what was to pay?
b. without complement.
ΚΠ
1490 Arte & Crafte to knowe well to Dye (Caxton) 11 Yf there be none to demaunde hym, he oughte to demaunde hymselfe.
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. ii. f. 5 They declared the same to me when I demaunded them.
c. in passive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > question, interrogate [verb (transitive)] > question intensively
apposec1315
opposec1380
demand1526
grate?1538
pump1611
sweat1764
probe1804
draw1854
grill1894
third-degree1928
to put through the wringer1942
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Eiiv Demaunded by Pharao of what age he was. Jacob answered.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 277 They were demaunded why they departed.
1635 R. Sibbes Soules Conflict Pref. (1638) 9 Philip..being a long time prisoner..was demanded what upheld him all that time.
1643 W. Prynne Soveraigne Power Parl. i. 91 Had our Ancestors..been demanded these few questions.
1722 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers (1795) II. vii. 11 Being demanded in the Court why he did not tell his name.
*** intransitive.
12. To ask, inquire, make inquiry:† b. of the object asked about.
a. of, †at the person asked.
ΚΠ
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Luke iii. f. lxxvij The soudiers lykewyse demaunded off hym, sayinge: And what shall we do?
1588 A. King tr. P. Canisius Cathechisme or Schort Instr. 208 Quhen God sal rise to iudge, and quhen he sal demand at me quhat sal I answer?
1611 Bible (King James) Job xlii. 4 Heare..I will demand of thee, and declare thou vnto me. View more context for this quotation
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > make inquiries [verb (intransitive)]
speerc888
fraynec900
askOE
inquirec1375
demand1382
fraista1400
enspeerc1440
hearken1523
question1584
interrogate1622
query1644
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Pref. Epist. Jerome iv. 65 The Saueour..askynge of questiouns of the lawe, more techeth, whil he prudentli demaundeth [a1425 L.V. while he askith wisely questiouns].
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 205 The king..helde her still by the right hande, demaundyng right gently of her estate and businesse.
1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound ii. iv. 88 The immortal Hours, Of whom thou didst demand.
Derivatives
deˈmanded adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > command > command or bidding > [adjective] > demanded
demanded1552
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum
1769 Oxf. Mag. 2 143/2 The demanded qualification is a merciful soul, if we would experience mercy.
1815 M. Pilkington Celebrity III. 152 The demanded drugs were sold without exciting the smallest suspicion.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.2a1500
v.1382