defensoryn.adj.

Brit.

/dᵻˈfɛns(ə)ri/, U.S.

/dəˈfɛnsəri/

Forms: late Middle English dyffensorye, late Middle English–1500s defensorye, late Middle English–1600s defensorie, 1500s– defensory.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin defensorium; Latin defensorius.

Etymology: As noun < post-classical Latin defensorium covering, protection, protective wrap or garment (from early 12th cent. in British sources; also 1363 in Chauliac; 6th cent. in sense ‘office of defender of the church’; from 15th cent. also in work titles in British sources), use as noun of neuter of defensorius (see below). As adjective < post-classical Latin defensorius concerning defence (early 3rd cent. in Tertullian) < classical Latin dēfens- , past participial stem of dēfendere defend v. + -ōrius -ory suffix².Compare Middle French defensoire, deffensoire (noun) protection, (adjective) protective, justificatory (all 15th cent.).

Now somewhat rare.

†A. n.

1. Medicine. A layer of sutured flesh, or a bandage or plaster, protecting a wound; (also) a protective medicinal agent. Cf. defensive n. 1. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 67 (MED) For þer þe flesh ioyned holdeþ þe partiez neyȝing nere..And it is a defensorie [L. defensorium] þat þe aier alterate not þe selfe bone.

1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 2nd Bk. Wks. xxvii. 174 For th' Inventories Of Defensories Say that in heat We must drink neat.

1670 tr. O. Croll Bazilica Chymica 174 This is known when in the defensory, spots of blood appear, if not, than he hath carried himself well.

2. A defence (in various senses). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > [noun] > means of defence

hornc825

defencec1350

garnisonc1386

wall1412

fencec1440

defensoryc1475

fencing1489

muniment1546

frontier1589

bar1603

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > justification > [noun] > vindication > vindication by argument

defendingc1350

defencec1384

defensiona1425

defensoryc1475

c1475 (c1445) R. Pecock Donet (1921) 176 (MED) I was moved forto make ferþer þis which is now þis present ije partye, for a defensorye and an excusatorye and sumwhat a declaratorye of þe oþir first seid party.

c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1911) 121 (MED) Lat thy praier been our dyffensorye, That mercy passe rigour of Iugement.

1588 R. Greene Perimedes sig. Biii^v As a defensorie against ensuing griefes.

1591 title Martine Mar-Sixtus. A second replie against the defensory and apology of Sixtus the fifth.

1677 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. III iii. 154 A Defensorie of the Scripture and Church.

B. adj.

1. That defends against injury, harm, or attack; of or relating to defence against attack.

ΚΠ

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Defensorye, praesidiarius.

1579 G. Gates Def. Militarie Profession 58 So are the gentlemen..that haue pursued the defensory warres in the lowe Countrie, specially to be praised.

1647 M. Hudson Royall & Royallist's Plea 13 The warre on the Kings side is vindicatory and defensorie.

1849 Fraser's Mag. 39 669 One of the defensory provisions which the Creator has assigned to some of His creatures.

1893 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. & Hist. Fine Arts 8 540 The Akropolis remained a great fortress, with a strong defensory wall.

1902 H. C. Butler Story of Athens xv. 480 The circuit wall which had been repaired by the emperor Valerian..was probably in a fair defensory condition.

1927 J. Goebel Struggle for Falkland Islands iii. 124 The whole defensory apparatus of law which Spain had built up was put to the test.

2010 P. Jones in H. B. Dunford Peroxidases & Catalases (ed. 2) xv. 249 The most spectacular..example of the catalatic reaction in biology..is the defensory discharge of the Bombardier beetle.

2. That serves as a defence against criticism or disagreement; justificatory. Also: that rejects criticism; = defensive adj. 7.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > [adjective] > affording defence

defensiblea1382

defensivea1400

defensory1552

fenciblea1572

fensive1582

defencing1583

defensative1596

defendant1597

repugnatory1737

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [adjective] > affording protection or defence

defendantc1330

defensivea1400

defensory1552

fensive1582

protectingc1595

defensative1596

secureful1598

fenceful1616

friendly1628

protective1653

protectory1654

screening?a1656

protectant1670

warding1697

safeguard1822

shielding1851

cushioning1887

tutorial1898

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Answer defensorie to a rebuke. Apologia.

1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. C4^v, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) A Letter Defensory aunswering by confutation al the obiections.

1633 R. Broughton Eccl. Hist. Great Brit. i. xxix. 143 Theodoret in his defensory Epistle..testifieth, that being Bishop of Cyprus, he had 800. Churches vnder him.

1662 J. Dauncey Eng. Lovers i. i. 20 The strict Lawes lately made against duelling will hardly admit of such defensory excuses.

1827 Daily National Jrnl. (Washington, D.C.) 27 June There are still other points in General Jackson's defensory letter, to which I shall hereafter call the attention of the public.

1891 Atchison (Kansas) Champion 9 June 2/1 Mr. Sidney Dillon makes some statements apologetic, palliatory and defensory of railroads.

1931 Chron.-Telegram (Elyria, Ohio) 15 Jan. 6/2 The anxious tension to hear develops a defensory attitude.

1982 J. A. A. Diening Reasonable Liability xii. 183 Doctrines on causality are mostly framed in terms..showing their defensory tendency.

2000 M. Kneale Eng. Passengers (2001) i. 27 There was something defensory about his manner, as if he felt some need to fend off imagined disapproval.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	defensory
释义	defensoryn.adj. Brit. /dᵻˈfɛns(ə)ri/, U.S. /dəˈfɛnsəri/ Forms: late Middle English dyffensorye, late Middle English–1500s defensorye, late Middle English–1600s defensorie, 1500s– defensory. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin defensorium; Latin defensorius. Etymology: As noun < post-classical Latin defensorium covering, protection, protective wrap or garment (from early 12th cent. in British sources; also 1363 in Chauliac; 6th cent. in sense ‘office of defender of the church’; from 15th cent. also in work titles in British sources), use as noun of neuter of defensorius (see below). As adjective < post-classical Latin defensorius concerning defence (early 3rd cent. in Tertullian) < classical Latin dēfens- , past participial stem of dēfendere defend v. + -ōrius -ory suffix².Compare Middle French defensoire, deffensoire (noun) protection, (adjective) protective, justificatory (all 15th cent.). Now somewhat rare. †A. n. 1. Medicine. A layer of sutured flesh, or a bandage or plaster, protecting a wound; (also) a protective medicinal agent. Cf. defensive n. 1. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 67 (MED) For þer þe flesh ioyned holdeþ þe partiez neyȝing nere..And it is a defensorie [L. defensorium] þat þe aier alterate not þe selfe bone. 1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 2nd Bk. Wks. xxvii. 174 For th' Inventories Of Defensories Say that in heat We must drink neat. 1670 tr. O. Croll Bazilica Chymica 174 This is known when in the defensory, spots of blood appear, if not, than he hath carried himself well. 2. A defence (in various senses). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > [noun] > means of defence hornc825 defencec1350 garnisonc1386 wall1412 fencec1440 defensoryc1475 fencing1489 muniment1546 frontier1589 bar1603 society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > justification > [noun] > vindication > vindication by argument defendingc1350 defencec1384 defensiona1425 defensoryc1475 c1475 (c1445) R. Pecock Donet (1921) 176 (MED) I was moved forto make ferþer þis which is now þis present ije partye, for a defensorye and an excusatorye and sumwhat a declaratorye of þe oþir first seid party. c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1911) 121 (MED) Lat thy praier been our dyffensorye, That mercy passe rigour of Iugement. 1588 R. Greene Perimedes sig. Biii^v As a defensorie against ensuing griefes. 1591 title Martine Mar-Sixtus. A second replie against the defensory and apology of Sixtus the fifth. 1677 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. III iii. 154 A Defensorie of the Scripture and Church. B. adj. 1. That defends against injury, harm, or attack; of or relating to defence against attack. ΚΠ 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Defensorye, praesidiarius. 1579 G. Gates Def. Militarie Profession 58 So are the gentlemen..that haue pursued the defensory warres in the lowe Countrie, specially to be praised. 1647 M. Hudson Royall & Royallist's Plea 13 The warre on the Kings side is vindicatory and defensorie. 1849 Fraser's Mag. 39 669 One of the defensory provisions which the Creator has assigned to some of His creatures. 1893 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. & Hist. Fine Arts 8 540 The Akropolis remained a great fortress, with a strong defensory wall. 1902 H. C. Butler Story of Athens xv. 480 The circuit wall which had been repaired by the emperor Valerian..was probably in a fair defensory condition. 1927 J. Goebel Struggle for Falkland Islands iii. 124 The whole defensory apparatus of law which Spain had built up was put to the test. 2010 P. Jones in H. B. Dunford Peroxidases & Catalases (ed. 2) xv. 249 The most spectacular..example of the catalatic reaction in biology..is the defensory discharge of the Bombardier beetle. 2. That serves as a defence against criticism or disagreement; justificatory. Also: that rejects criticism; = defensive adj. 7. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > [adjective] > affording defence defensiblea1382 defensivea1400 defensory1552 fenciblea1572 fensive1582 defencing1583 defensative1596 defendant1597 repugnatory1737 the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [adjective] > affording protection or defence defendantc1330 defensivea1400 defensory1552 fensive1582 protectingc1595 defensative1596 secureful1598 fenceful1616 friendly1628 protective1653 protectory1654 screening?a1656 protectant1670 warding1697 safeguard1822 shielding1851 cushioning1887 tutorial1898 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Answer defensorie to a rebuke. Apologia. 1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. C4^v, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) A Letter Defensory aunswering by confutation al the obiections. 1633 R. Broughton Eccl. Hist. Great Brit. i. xxix. 143 Theodoret in his defensory Epistle..testifieth, that being Bishop of Cyprus, he had 800. Churches vnder him. 1662 J. Dauncey Eng. Lovers i. i. 20 The strict Lawes lately made against duelling will hardly admit of such defensory excuses. 1827 Daily National Jrnl. (Washington, D.C.) 27 June There are still other points in General Jackson's defensory letter, to which I shall hereafter call the attention of the public. 1891 Atchison (Kansas) Champion 9 June 2/1 Mr. Sidney Dillon makes some statements apologetic, palliatory and defensory of railroads. 1931 Chron.-Telegram (Elyria, Ohio) 15 Jan. 6/2 The anxious tension to hear develops a defensory attitude. 1982 J. A. A. Diening Reasonable Liability xii. 183 Doctrines on causality are mostly framed in terms..showing their defensory tendency. 2000 M. Kneale Eng. Passengers (2001) i. 27 There was something defensory about his manner, as if he felt some need to fend off imagined disapproval. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.adj.?a1425
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