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单词 debauch
释义

debauchn.

/dɪˈbɔːtʃ/
Forms: (Also 1600s deboach.)
Etymology: < French débauche, < débaucher to debauch v. For the phonology, etc., see the verb.
I. Debauchery or excessive indulgence.
1. A bout of excessive indulgence in sensual pleasures, esp. those of eating and drinking.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > sensuality > [noun] > debauchery > a debauch
debauch1603
1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. iii. ii. 488 My debauches or excesses transport me not much.
1661 S. Pepys Diary 3 Apr. (1970) II. 65 My head akeing all day from last night's debauch.
1682 N. O. tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Lutrin iii. 203 Snoring after late Debauches, Nor dream'st what mischief now thy Head approaches.
1737 L. Clarke Compl. Hist. Bible II. xii. 714 Extravagant and beastly Debauches.
1840 W. Irving Time of Unexampled Prosperity in Knickerbocker Mag. Apr. 313 The dissolute companions of his debauches.
1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iii. §3. 126 The fever..was inflamed by a gluttonous debauch.
2. The practice or habit of such indulgence; debauchery.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > sensuality > [noun] > debauchery
riotc1330
dissolutionc1400
dissoluteness1549
debauchment1617
debauchery1642
debauch1673
dissipation1785
1673 J. Dryden Marriage a-la-Mode iv. i. 53 Masquerade is Vizor-maskque in debauch.
1699 J. Dryden Epist. to J. Driden 73 The first physicians by debauch were made.
1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 470 A whiff Of stale debauch, forth-issuing from the styes That law has licensed.
1874 J. S. Blackie On Self-culture 74 All debauch is incipient suicide.
3. transferred and figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > lack of moderation or restraint > [noun]
unimetec888
unmethelOE
overdeeda1200
unmetheshipa1250
outragec1325
ragec1330
reveriec1350
delavinessc1380
recolagea1400
dissolutionc1400
superfluityc1405
wantonness1448
intemperancy1532
intemperacy?1541
untemperance?1541
intemperance1547
excess1552
immoderateness1569
intemperateness1571
unbridledness1571
inordinateness1577
untemperateness1578
dissoluteness1580
acrasia1590
acrasy1590
intemperature1602
inordination1615
inordinancya1617
immoderation1640
extravagancy1651
debauch1672
extravagance1676
incontinency1715
extravaganza1754
incontinence1836
unmeasuredness1864
1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 41 He flyes out into a furious Debauch, and breaks the Windows.
1710 Ld. Shaftesbury Soliloquy 91 Thro' Petulancy, or Debauch of Humour.
1752 D. Hume Ess. & Treat. (1777) I. 148 The gentle Damon..inspires us with the same happy debauch of fancy by which he is himself transported.
1873 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. 2nd Ser. 195 Such a debauch of initial assonances.
II. A debauched person.
4. = debauchee n. Obsolete. [perhaps for French débauché, through the plural in -és.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > sensuality > [noun] > debauchery > one who is debauched
rioterc1440
router1531
deboist1657
debaucheea1661
debauch1665
1665 S. Pepys Diary 24 July (1972) VI. 167 If he knew his son to be a debauch, as many and most are nowadays about the Court.
1668 J. Glanvill Blow at Mod. Sadducism 147 A greater charge against these quibbling debauches.
1689 J. Carlile Fortune-hunters i. ii. 6 He grew the Debauch of the Town.
1719 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth IV. 319 When Debauches of both Sexes, From Hospitals crept.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

debauchdebaushadj.

Etymology: perhaps < French débauché, with -e mute, or ? corruption of debaucht.
Obsolete.
= debauched adj. (Cf. debauchness n.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [adjective]
sickc960
foulOE
unwholec1000
thewlessa1327
corrupt1340
viciousc1340
unwholesomec1374
infecta1387
rustyc1390
unsound?a1400
rottenc1400
rotten-heartedc1405
cankereda1450
infectedc1449
wasted1483
depravate?1520
poisoned1529
deformed1555
poisonous1555
reprobate1557
corrupted1563
prave1564
base-minded1573
tainted1577
Gomorrhean1581
vice-like1589
depraved1593
debauched1598
deboshedc1598
tarish1601
sunk1602
speckled1603
deboist1604
diseased1608
ulcerous1611
vitial1614
debauchc1616
deboise1632
pravous1653
depravea1711
unhealthy1821
scrofulous1842
septic1914
society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > [adjective] > corrupted or corrupt
foul-stinkingOE
unwholesomec1374
corruptc1380
rotten1395
infecta1398
unsound?a1400
rotten-heartedc1405
infectedc1449
fly-blown1528
reprobate1531
corrupped1533
corrupted1563
poisoned1567
abusive?1585
debauched1598
deboshedc1598
deboist1604
debauchc1616
deboise1632
scrofulous1842
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > sensuality > [adjective] > debauched
debauched1598
deboshedc1598
deboist1604
debauchc1616
deboise1632
debauchee1768
c1616 R. C. Times' Whistle (1871) v. 1759 Mock them as despisde And debaush creatures.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

debauchv.

/dɪˈbɔːtʃ/
Forms: 1500s– debauch; 1500s–1600s (1800s Scottish) debosh, 1600s debaush, debausch, debosche, 1600s–1700s deboash, 1800s Scottish debush.
Etymology: < (c1600) French débauch-er, in Old French desbaucher (13–14th cent.) to entice away from the service of one's master, seduce from duty, etc. Of obscure derivation. The original pronunciation after modern French, and its gradual change, are seen in the spellings debosh , debaush , deboach , debauch rhyming in 1682 with approach : see the n. See also deboise adj.French débaucher is, according to Littré and Hatzfeld, derived from a noun bauche, of which the precise sense and origin are according to the latter unknown; according to the former it = ‘a place of work, workshop’, so that desbaucher would mean originally ‘to draw away from the workshop, from one's work or duty’: so Diez. Cotgrave has bauche, ‘course of stones or bricks in building’, baucher ‘to chip, hew, or square timber, etc.; also to ranke, order, array, lay euenly’; hence desbaucher might primarily mean ‘to disorder, bring into disarray or disorder’. The sense ‘draw away from service or duty’ appears however to be the earliest in French, though that of ‘corrupt’, had also been developed before the word was taken into English.
1.
a. transitive. To turn or lead away, entice, seduce, from one to whom service or allegiance is due; e.g. soldiers or allies from a leader, a wife or children from husband or father, etc. (Usually with the connotation ‘lead astray, mislead’.) Rarely with against. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > motivation > attraction, allurement, or enticement > attract, allure, or entice [verb (transitive)] > entice or seduce
forteeOE
fortihtOE
forleadOE
forthteec1200
seduec1485
seduct1490
seduce1519
suggesta1586
debaucha1595
mispersuade1597
a1595 R. Williams Actions Lowe Countries (1618) 5 (T.) That Count Egmont would be deboshed from them by the Spanish instruments.
1614 T. Lodge tr. Seneca Of Benefits in tr. Seneca Wks. 49 Not to have such a woman to his wife that was not debauched from her husband.
1677 G. Hickes in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. ii. IV. 42 To debauch the military and gentry..from their duty to his Majesty.
1697 K. Chetwood Pref. to Pastorals in J. Dryden tr. Virgil Wks. sig. ***2 He who had the address to debauch away Helen from her Husband.
1702 Eng. Theophrastus 72 Money debauches children against their parents.
1712 J. Arbuthnot Lewis Baboon iv. i. 3 He had hardly put up his Sign, when he began to debauch my best Customers from me.
1761 Brit. Mag. Aug. 435/1 Thus debauched from Nature, how can we relish her genuine productions?
1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. to Henry VII I. x. 342 He debauched prince John from his allegiance.
b. To entice, seduce, or gain over to a party or course of action, or to do a thing. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1667 S. Pepys Diary 3 July (1974) VIII. 316 Two young men, whom one of them debauched by degrees to steal their father's plate and clothes.
1694 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) I. 459 The five Indian nations wer now debauched to the french interest.
1761 Brit. Mag. July 353/1 Hence the youth of both sexes are debauched to diversion.
1797 E. Burke Lett. Peace Regic. France iv, in Wks. IX. 100 Their amity is to debauch us to their principles.
c. (Without const.) To seduce from allegiance or duty, induce to desert; to render disaffected; to pervert or corrupt in regard of allegiance or duty to others. Obsolete (except as merged in the more general sense of 2.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > reversal of or forsaking one's will or purpose > reverse or abandon one's purpose or intention [verb (transitive)] > cause to desert or abandon something
debauch1623
unproselyte1655
defect1685
1623 tr. A. Favyn Theater of Honour & Knight-hood i. iv. 25 To debosh and corrupt the subiects.
1651 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) I. 285 Mr. John Cosin, son of the Dean, debauched by the priests.
1691 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) II. 204 Persons dispersing Tyrconnells declarations to debauch our soldiers.
1712 J. Arbuthnot App. to John Bull Still in Senses i. 4 If a Servant run away, Jack had debauch'd him.
1741 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero I. ii. 126 His army..debauched by his factious officers.
1807 Z. M. Pike Acct. Exped. Sources Mississippi ii. App. 51 The Spaniards were making such great exertions to debauch the minds of our savages.
1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India I. iii. iv. 584 To betray their master and debauch his army.
2.
a. To seduce from virtue or morality; to pervert, deprave, or corrupt morally; esp. to corrupt or deprave by intemperance, or sensual indulgence.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (transitive)]
forbraidc888
besmiteeOE
awemOE
filec1175
soila1250
envenomc1300
beshrewc1325
shrew1338
corrumpa1340
corrupt1382
subvertc1384
tache1390
poison1395
infect?c1400
intoxicatec1450
deprave1482
corrup1483
rust1493
turkess?1521
vitiate1534
prevary?1541
depravate1548
fester?1548
turkish1560
wry1563
taint1573
disalter1579
prevaricate1595
sophisticate1597
invitiate1598
fashion1600
tack1601
debauch1603
deturpate1623
disaltern1635
ulcer1642
deboise1654
Neronize1673
demoralize1794
bedevil1800
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (transitive)] > quality
wrong1592
debauch1603
society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] > corrupt
corrumpa1340
corrupt1382
perisha1400
cankera1450
gangrenate1532
putrefy?1548
cankerfret1585
debauch1603
fly-blow1605
bebauch1607
perjurea1616
ulcer1642
dross1648
deboise1654
gangrene1658
1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. iii. ix. 570 Young men, such as I imagine to be least debaushed and corrupted by ill examples.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Desbaucher, to debosh..seduce, mislead; make lewd, bring to disorder, draw from goodnesse.
a1665 J. Goodwin Πλήρωμα τὸ Πνευματικόv (1670) ii. 36 Though Paul had been a grievous sinner..yet he had not debauched his conscience.
a1694 J. Tillotson Wks. (1820) I. 470 To debauch himself by intemperance and brutish sensuality.
1718 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) III. 47 The young men..had been lately so generally debaucht with Rum.
1745 H. Fielding True Patriot 31 Dec. 2/1 For fear of enervating their Minds, and debauching their Morals.
1815 J. Scott Visit to Paris ix. 167 If a father debauches his children, is his family likely to be noted for subordination and respectability?
1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Devereux I. ii. ii. 167 Their humour debauches the whole moral system.
1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xii. 163 The seat of justice has been publicly debauched.
b. To seduce (a woman) from chastity.Closely related to 1: see quots. 1614, 1697 there; but eventually also associated with the notion ‘corrupt’.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > deprive of chastity [verb (transitive)] > seduce
sardc950
jape1382
transvertc1450
seducec1560
debauch1711
betray1766
to do over1823
make1910
to race off1965
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 151. ⁋1 A young lewd Fellow..who would..debauch your Sister, or lie with your Wife.
1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1776 II. 24 An abandoned profligate may think that it is not wrong to debauch my wife.
1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 1039 A compensation in damages for debauching his daughter.
1843 G. P. R. James Forest Days II. iii. 52 Debauching a country girl.
3. To deprave, vitiate (the taste, senses, judgement, etc.).In first quot. perhaps = mislead, figurative of 1c.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] > pervert or deprave > judgement, ways, etc.
pervertc1425
debauch1664
1656 A. Cowley Davideis iii. 99 in Poems Her Pride debaucht her Judgement and her Eyes.]
1664 J. Evelyn Sylva (1679) 28 Acorns were heretofore the food of Men..till their luxurious palats were debauched.
1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. iv. 151 Most other animals are nicer in their Senses (having no way debauch't them) than Mankind is.
1710 G. Berkeley Treat. Princ. Human Knowl. §123 A mind not yet debauched by learning.
1794 W. Godwin Caleb Williams I. vii. 140 Having never been debauched with applause, she set light by her own qualifications.
1805 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 14 379 A person, whose understanding has not been debauched by superannuated prejudice.
1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. xiii. 290 They debauch the spirit of the ignorant and credulous with mystical trash.
4.
a. To vilify, damage in reputation; to depreciate, disparage. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > disparagement or depreciation > disparage or depreciate [verb (transitive)]
littleeOE
low1340
dispraisec1386
minish1402
deroge1427
detractc1449
descryc1450
detrayc1475
dismerit1484
decline1509
vilipend1509
disprize?1518
disable1528
derogatea1530
elevate1541
disparagea1556
detrect1563
debase1565
demerit1576
vilify1586
disgrace1589
detracta1592
besparage1592
enervate1593
obtrect1595
extenuate1601
disvalue1605
disparagon1610
undervalue1611
avile1615
debaucha1616
to cry down1616
debate1622
decry1641
atomize1645
underrate1646
naucify1653
dedignify1654
stuprate1655
de-ample1657
dismagn1657
slur1660
voguec1661
depreciate1666
to run down1671
baffle1674
lacken1674
sneer1706
diminish1712
substract1728
down1780
belittle1789
carbonify1792
to speak scorn of1861
to give one a back-cap1903
minoritize1947
mauvais langue1952
rubbish1953
down-talk1959
marginalize1970
marginate1970
trash1975
neg1987
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) v. iii. 209 He's quoted for a most perfidious slaue With all the spots a'th world, taxt and debosh'd . View more context for this quotation
1632 T. Heywood 2nd Pt. Iron Age sig. F4 Whil'st Cethus like a forlorne shadowe walkes Dispis'd, disgrac't, neglected and debosht.
a1659 F. Osborne Misc., Pref. (1673) Qq ij b It is contrary to my own Aphorism to debosh what I present, by saying it was writ before I was Twenty.
b. To damage or spoil in quality. Obsolete. (Cf. deboist adj. 2.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to
werdec725
wema1000
evilc1000
harmc1000
hinderc1000
teenOE
scathec1175
illc1220
to wait (one) scathec1275
to have (…) wrong1303
annoya1325
grievec1330
wrong1390
to do violence to (also unto)a1393
mischievea1393
damagea1400
annulc1425
trespass1427
mischief1437
poisonc1450
injurea1492
damnify1512
prejudge1531
misfease1571
indemnify1583
bane1601
debauch1633
lese1678
empoison1780
misguggle1814
nobble1860
strafe1915
to dick up1951
1633 True Trojans iv. iii, in W. C. Hazlitt Dodsley's Sel. Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1875) XII. 512 Last year his barks and galleys were debosh'd; This year they sprout again.
5. To dissipate, spend prodigally, squander.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > relinquishing > squandering or prodigality > squander [verb (transitive)]
forspendc893
scatter1154
dispend1303
waste1340
misspendc1390
miswastec1400
consumec1425
waste1474
profund1527
lasha1535
prodige1538
lavish1542
to play away1562
riot1566
embezzle1578
dilapidate1590
squander1593
confound1598
to make ducks and drakes of or withc1600
prodigalize1611
profuse1611
squander1611
paddle1616
bezzle1617
to run out of ——1622
to piss away1628
prodigal1628
decoct1629
to bangle (away)1632
debauch1632
deboise1632
to fribble away1633
to fool out1635
to run outa1640
to fiddle away1667
slattera1681
dissipate1682
to play off1693
duck-and-drake1700
liquidate1702
sparkle away1703
waster1821
befool1861
to frivol away1866
to play (at) duck and drake with1872
to fling away1873
mislive1887
slather1904
mucker1928
profligate1938
peter1956
spaff2002
1632 F. Quarles Divine Fancies (1664) iii. lxxv One part to cloath our pride, Another share we lavishly deboise To vain, or sinful joyes.
1649 Ld. Foord in M. P. Brown Suppl. Dict. Decisions Court of Session (1826) 399 Since her husband had debausched all, and left nothing to her.
1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 419 To..give them in rent more thousands (to debosh and mispend) nor honest men hes hundreds.
6. intransitive (formerly reflexive). To indulge to excess in sensual enjoyment, esp. that of eating and drinking; to riot, revel. ? Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > sensuality > live sensually [verb (intransitive)] > indulge in debauchery
debauch1644
dissipate1836
1644 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) I. 73 Which causes the English to make no long sojourn here, except such as can drink and debauch.
1687 M. Prior & Earl of Halifax Hind & Panther Transvers'd Pref. sig. A4 'Tis hard to conceive how any man could censure the Turks for Gluttony, a People that debauch in Coffee.
1689 Minutes Kirk Session in A. McKay Hist. Kilmarnock (1880) 10 Such as they find drinking there, or in any way deboshing.
1703 J. Savage tr. Select Coll. Lett. Antients cvii. 269 More proper for you, than to debauch with Sicilian Wine.
1719 T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth I. 355 We to grow Hot, deboash our selves in Beef.
1729 W. Law Serious Call xiii. 218 That he neither drank, nor debauched; but was sober and regular in his business.
1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. at To Debord To debosh, to indulge one's self in the use of any thing to excess; as tea, snuff, &c.
figurative.1745 E. Young Complaint: Night the Eighth 28 Hatred her Brothel has, as well as Love, Where horrid Epicures debauch in Blood.

Derivatives

deˈbauching n. and adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > leading astray > [adjective]
pervertinga1450
seducing?1574
debauching1645
lenocinant1664
perversive1753
denaturalizing1820
society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > [noun] > corrupting
adulteration1502
corrupting1565
empoisonmenta1626
debauching1645
corruption1654
society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > [adjective] > leading astray
debauching1645
seducing1780
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > incorrect information > [adjective] > misleading
misguiding1587
misleading1599
debauching1645
perigraphic1890
1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 50 A most negligent and debaushing tutor.
1660 J. Milton Readie Way Free Commonw. 4 To the debaushing of our prime gentry both male and female.
1662 W. Petty Treat. Taxes 48 If we should think it hard to giue good necessary cloth for debauching wines.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online September 2021).
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n.1603adj.c1616v.a1595
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