dearthn.

Brit.

/dəːθ/, U.S.

/dərθ/

Forms: Middle English derþe, (Middle English dierþe), Middle English derthe, Middle English–1500s (1600s Scottish) derth, 1500s darth, deerth, 1500s– dearth.

Etymology: Middle English derþe , not recorded in Old English (where the expected form would be díerðu , díerð , dýrð : compare 14th cent. dierþe in Ayenb.); but corresponding formally to Old Norse dýrð with sense ‘glory’, Old Saxon diuriđa , Old High German tiurida , Middle High German tiûrde , Middle German tûrde glory, honour, value, costliness; abstract noun < West Germanic diuri , Old English díere , déore , dear adj.¹: see -th suffix¹. The form derke in Gen. & Exod. (bis) and Promp. Parv. seems to be a scribal error for derþe, derðe; but its repeated occurrence is remarkable.

†1. Glory, splendour. Obsolete. rare. [= Old Norse dyrð.]

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > majesty, glory, or grandeur > [noun] > specifically of places or language

dearthc1400

grandeur1657

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 99 Þe derþe þerof for to deuyse Nis no wyȝ worþe that tonge berez.

†2. Dearness, costliness, high price. Obsolete.This sense, though etymologically the source of those that follow, is not exemplified very early, and not frequent. In some of the following instances it is doubtful.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > high price or rate > [noun] > dearness

chertea1420

carity1530

dearness1530

dearth1604

expensefulnessa1613

expensiveness1655

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. cii. 82 Ther felle grete derth and scarsyte of corne and other vytailles in that land.

1596 Bp. W. Barlow tr. L. Lavater Three Christian Serm. i. 5 Dearth is that, when all those things which belong to the life of man..are rated at a high price.]

1632 in W. Cramond Ann. Banff (1891) I. 67 Compleining of..the dearthe of the pryce thairof.

1644 R. Baillie Let. 3 May (1841) II. 175 I cannot help the extraordinarie dearth: they say the great soume the author putts on his copie, is the cause of it.

1793 J. Bentham Emancipate your Colonies in Wks. (1843) IV. 413 When an article is dear, it is..made so by freedom or by force. Dearth which is natural is a misfortune: dearth which is created is a grievance.

figurative.1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 107 + 12 His infusion of such dearth and rarenesse.

a. A condition in which food is scarce and dear; often, in earlier use, a time of scarcity with its accompanying privations, a famine; now mostly restricted to the condition, as in time of dearth.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [noun] > scarcity of food or famine

hungerc1000

dear1297

deartha1325

fault1340

famine1362

barrennessa1425

affaminea1450

enfaminea1450

wantc1450

scarceness1481

Lang Reeda1525

famishment1526

cleanness of teeth1560

breadlessness1860

the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [noun] > state of being limited in amount > scarcity, dearth, or deficient supply of anything > general scarcity of necessaries of life

deartha1325

scarcityc1450

evil wone1570

benting (benneting) time1670

stint1820

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2345 Two ger ben nu ðat derke [perh. read derðe] is cumen.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2237 Wex derke [perh. read derþe], ðis coren is gon.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4700 Sua bigan þe derth to grete.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) vi. 20 If any derth com in þe cuntree [Fr. quant il fait chier temps].

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 119 Derthe (P. or derke), cariscia.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Luke xv. f. cij There rose a greate derth thorow out all that same londe.

1552 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16279) Letany sig. .viii (heading) In the time of dearth and famine.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. ii. sig. B6^v Dainty they say maketh derth.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. vii. 19 They know..If dearth Or Foizon follow.

1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 82 The Causes and Motiues of Seditions are..Dearths: Disbanded Souldiers.

a1687 W. Petty Polit. Arithm. (1690) 80 The same causes which make Dearth in one place do often cause plenty in another.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall III. li. 217 The fertility of Egypt supplied the dearth of Arabia.

1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands I. 361 Augustus in a dearth, gave freedom to twenty thousand slaves.

1848 J. S. Mill Princ. Polit. Econ. II. iv. ii. 256 In modern times, therefore, there is only dearth, where there formerly would have been famine.

b. of (†for) corn, victuals, etc.

ΚΠ

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) vi. 23 Þer falles oft sithes grete derth of corne [Fr. chier temps].

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 116 The darth of al such thyngys as for fode ys necessary.

1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 33 This yere [1527] was a gret derth in London for brede.

1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 45 This yere was a gret derth for wode and colles.

1720 J. Gay Trivia i, in Poems I. 142 At the dearth of coals the poor repine.

1721 J. Swift Let. fr. Lady conc. Bank in Wks. (1841) II. 67 The South-Sea had occasioned such a dearth of money in the kingdom.

4. figurative and transferred. Scarcity of anything, material or immaterial; scanty supply; practical deficiency, want or lack of a quality, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [noun] > state of being limited in amount > scarcity, dearth, or deficient supply of anything

littleOE

dear cheapc1325

dearth1340

scanta1350

scantityc1386

scarcenessa1387

scarcitya1400

chertea1420

penury?a1425

poverty?1440

penuritya1500

geason1509

carity1530

scantness1543

famishment1569

fewty1596

famine1611

stint1651

grutch1815

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 256 Þe meste dierþe þet is aboute ham is of zoþnesse an of trewþe.

c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋340 Precious clothyng is cowpable for the derthe of it.

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 56 Ther is no grete derthe ne scarcete of women.

1607 M. Drayton Legend Cromwel 3 A time when neuer lesse the dearth Of happie wits.

1668 J. Dryden Of Dramatick Poesie 44 That dearth of Plot, and narrowness of Imagination, which may be observ'd in all their Playes.

1671 C. Hatton in E. M. Thompson Corr. Family of Hatton (1878) I. 60 The absence of y^e Court occasions a great dirth of news here.

1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. xvii. 130 We live in an age in which there is a great dearth of good men.

1815 W. Wordsworth White Doe of Rylstone ii. 25 Her last companion in a dearth Of love.

1875 J. C. Curtis Elem. Hist. Eng. 151 The great pestilence of 1349 led to such a dearth of labourers.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† dearthv.

Etymology: < dearth n.

Obsolete.

transitive. To make dear in price; to cause or produce a scarcity of or in anything; to beggar.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > fluctuation in price > [verb (transitive)] > increase (prices) > raise the price of

advance?a1400

dearthc1440

to set up?1529

mount1532

price1533

hoise1581

endear1603

raisea1626

to mark up1868

to price up1904

lift1907

the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [verb (transitive)] > cause scarcity of

dearth1743

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 119 Derthyn or make dere, carisco, carioro.

1594 Zepheria ii. sig. B1^v Thy Worth hath dearthed his Words, for thy true praise!

1743 in W. Cramond Ann. Banff (1891) I. 153 Thomas Murray having dearthed the flesh Mercat by buying up some pork.

Derivatives

† ˈdearthing n. and adj. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [noun] > state of being limited in amount > scarcity, dearth, or deficient supply of anything > creating a scarcity

dearthinga1572

the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [adjective] > limited in quantity or amount > scarce > making scarce

dearthinga1572

a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 404 To susteane thowsandis of strangeris..to the derthing of all viweris [= vivres].

1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 32 Thys huge word-dearthing taske.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	dearth
释义	dearthn. Brit. /dəːθ/, U.S. /dərθ/ Forms: Middle English derþe, (Middle English dierþe), Middle English derthe, Middle English–1500s (1600s Scottish) derth, 1500s darth, deerth, 1500s– dearth. Etymology: Middle English derþe , not recorded in Old English (where the expected form would be díerðu , díerð , dýrð : compare 14th cent. dierþe in Ayenb.); but corresponding formally to Old Norse dýrð with sense ‘glory’, Old Saxon diuriđa , Old High German tiurida , Middle High German tiûrde , Middle German tûrde glory, honour, value, costliness; abstract noun < West Germanic diuri , Old English díere , déore , dear adj.¹: see -th suffix¹. The form derke in Gen. & Exod. (bis) and Promp. Parv. seems to be a scribal error for derþe, derðe; but its repeated occurrence is remarkable. †1. Glory, splendour. Obsolete. rare. [= Old Norse dyrð.] ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > majesty, glory, or grandeur > [noun] > specifically of places or language dearthc1400 grandeur1657 c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 99 Þe derþe þerof for to deuyse Nis no wyȝ worþe that tonge berez. †2. Dearness, costliness, high price. Obsolete.This sense, though etymologically the source of those that follow, is not exemplified very early, and not frequent. In some of the following instances it is doubtful. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > high price or rate > [noun] > dearness chertea1420 carity1530 dearness1530 dearth1604 expensefulnessa1613 expensiveness1655 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. cii. 82 Ther felle grete derth and scarsyte of corne and other vytailles in that land. 1596 Bp. W. Barlow tr. L. Lavater Three Christian Serm. i. 5 Dearth is that, when all those things which belong to the life of man..are rated at a high price.] 1632 in W. Cramond Ann. Banff (1891) I. 67 Compleining of..the dearthe of the pryce thairof. 1644 R. Baillie Let. 3 May (1841) II. 175 I cannot help the extraordinarie dearth: they say the great soume the author putts on his copie, is the cause of it. 1793 J. Bentham Emancipate your Colonies in Wks. (1843) IV. 413 When an article is dear, it is..made so by freedom or by force. Dearth which is natural is a misfortune: dearth which is created is a grievance. figurative.1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 107 + 12 His infusion of such dearth and rarenesse. 3. a. A condition in which food is scarce and dear; often, in earlier use, a time of scarcity with its accompanying privations, a famine; now mostly restricted to the condition, as in time of dearth. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [noun] > scarcity of food or famine hungerc1000 dear1297 deartha1325 fault1340 famine1362 barrennessa1425 affaminea1450 enfaminea1450 wantc1450 scarceness1481 Lang Reeda1525 famishment1526 cleanness of teeth1560 breadlessness1860 the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [noun] > state of being limited in amount > scarcity, dearth, or deficient supply of anything > general scarcity of necessaries of life deartha1325 scarcityc1450 evil wone1570 benting (benneting) time1670 stint1820 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2345 Two ger ben nu ðat derke [perh. read derðe] is cumen. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2237 Wex derke [perh. read derþe], ðis coren is gon. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4700 Sua bigan þe derth to grete. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) vi. 20 If any derth com in þe cuntree [Fr. quant il fait chier temps]. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 119 Derthe (P. or derke), cariscia. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Luke xv. f. cij There rose a greate derth thorow out all that same londe. 1552 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16279) Letany sig. .viii (heading) In the time of dearth and famine. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. ii. sig. B6^v Dainty they say maketh derth. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. vii. 19 They know..If dearth Or Foizon follow. View more context for this quotation 1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 82 The Causes and Motiues of Seditions are..Dearths: Disbanded Souldiers. a1687 W. Petty Polit. Arithm. (1690) 80 The same causes which make Dearth in one place do often cause plenty in another. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall III. li. 217 The fertility of Egypt supplied the dearth of Arabia. 1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands I. 361 Augustus in a dearth, gave freedom to twenty thousand slaves. 1848 J. S. Mill Princ. Polit. Econ. II. iv. ii. 256 In modern times, therefore, there is only dearth, where there formerly would have been famine. b. of (†for) corn, victuals, etc. ΚΠ c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) vi. 23 Þer falles oft sithes grete derth of corne [Fr. chier temps]. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 116 The darth of al such thyngys as for fode ys necessary. 1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 33 This yere [1527] was a gret derth in London for brede. 1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 45 This yere was a gret derth for wode and colles. 1720 J. Gay Trivia i, in Poems I. 142 At the dearth of coals the poor repine. 1721 J. Swift Let. fr. Lady conc. Bank in Wks. (1841) II. 67 The South-Sea had occasioned such a dearth of money in the kingdom. 4. figurative and transferred. Scarcity of anything, material or immaterial; scanty supply; practical deficiency, want or lack of a quality, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [noun] > state of being limited in amount > scarcity, dearth, or deficient supply of anything littleOE dear cheapc1325 dearth1340 scanta1350 scantityc1386 scarcenessa1387 scarcitya1400 chertea1420 penury?a1425 poverty?1440 penuritya1500 geason1509 carity1530 scantness1543 famishment1569 fewty1596 famine1611 stint1651 grutch1815 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 256 Þe meste dierþe þet is aboute ham is of zoþnesse an of trewþe. c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋340 Precious clothyng is cowpable for the derthe of it. 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 56 Ther is no grete derthe ne scarcete of women. 1607 M. Drayton Legend Cromwel 3 A time when neuer lesse the dearth Of happie wits. 1668 J. Dryden Of Dramatick Poesie 44 That dearth of Plot, and narrowness of Imagination, which may be observ'd in all their Playes. 1671 C. Hatton in E. M. Thompson Corr. Family of Hatton (1878) I. 60 The absence of y^e Court occasions a great dirth of news here. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. xvii. 130 We live in an age in which there is a great dearth of good men. 1815 W. Wordsworth White Doe of Rylstone ii. 25 Her last companion in a dearth Of love. 1875 J. C. Curtis Elem. Hist. Eng. 151 The great pestilence of 1349 led to such a dearth of labourers. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † dearthv. Etymology: < dearth n. Obsolete. transitive. To make dear in price; to cause or produce a scarcity of or in anything; to beggar. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > fluctuation in price > [verb (transitive)] > increase (prices) > raise the price of advance?a1400 dearthc1440 to set up?1529 mount1532 price1533 hoise1581 endear1603 raisea1626 to mark up1868 to price up1904 lift1907 the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [verb (transitive)] > cause scarcity of dearth1743 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 119 Derthyn or make dere, carisco, carioro. 1594 Zepheria ii. sig. B1^v Thy Worth hath dearthed his Words, for thy true praise! 1743 in W. Cramond Ann. Banff (1891) I. 153 Thomas Murray having dearthed the flesh Mercat by buying up some pork. Derivatives † ˈdearthing n. and adj. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [noun] > state of being limited in amount > scarcity, dearth, or deficient supply of anything > creating a scarcity dearthinga1572 the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [adjective] > limited in quantity or amount > scarce > making scarce dearthinga1572 a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 404 To susteane thowsandis of strangeris..to the derthing of all viweris [= vivres]. 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 32 Thys huge word-dearthing taske. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.a1325v.c1440
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