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单词 deaf
释义

deafadj.

Brit. /dɛf/, U.S. /dɛf/
Forms: Old English–Middle English deaf, Orm. dæf, (Middle English plural deaue), Middle English–1500s def, (Middle English plural deue, Middle English Ayenb. dyaf, dyaue, dyeaue), Middle English deef(f, (plural deeue), Middle English–1500s defe, ( deff(e, Middle English deif, deyf(fe), 1500s deefe, deaffe, (Scottish deif(f), 1500s–1600s deafe, 1600s– deaf.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: A Common Germanic adjective: Old English déaf = Old Frisian dâf (West Frisian doaf), Old Saxon dôf (Middle Dutch, Dutch, Middle Low German doof (v), Low German dôf), Old High German toup (b), (Middle High German toup, German taub), Old Norse daufr (Swedish döf, Danish döv), Gothic daufs (b) < Germanic *dauƀ-oz, from an ablaut stem deuƀ-, dauƀ-, duƀ, pre-Germanic dheubh-, to be dull or obtuse of perception: compare Gothic afdaubnan to grow dull or obtuse, also Greek τυϕλός ( < θυϕ-) blind. The original diphthong remains in northern dialect; in standard English the vowel was long until the modern period, and so late as 1717–8 it was rhymed with relief by Prior and Watts; the pronunciation /diːf/ is still widely diffused dialectally, and in the United States. In many English dialects the ea is still diphthongal, deeaf.
1.
a. Lacking, or defective in, the sense of hearing.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > disordered hearing > [adjective] > deaf
deafc825
hearingless1398
deathc1475
as deaf as a door, doorpost, doornail1546
dunch1569
surda1682
nut-deaf1828
stock-deaf1865
soundless1890
stone-eared1895
non-hearing1958
Mutt and Jeff1960
mutt1973
mutton1983
c825 Vesp. Psalter xxxvii[i]. 14 Swe swe deaf ic ne ge[herde].
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 15500 Dumbe menn. & dæfe.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 129 Alse to deue men.
a1225 St. Marher. 20 Noðer dumbe ne deaf.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. clxxxviii. 1086 Vynegre..helpeþ deef eeren.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 448 But she was somdel deef [v.r. def, defe] and that was scathe.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 115 Deffe, surdus.
a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 141 As you wold tel a tale to a deffe man.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) i. ii. 214 Come on my right hand, for this eare is deafe . View more context for this quotation
1717 M. Prior Alma ii. 366 Till death shall bring the kind relief, We must be patient, or be deaf.
1718 I. Watts Psalms of David cxxxv. 7 Blind are their eyes, their ears are deaf [rhyme relief].
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. III. 313 You know our good Lady Suffolk is a little deaf.
1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust II. i. i. 6 In the rocks, beneath the leaf! If it strikes you, you are deaf.
b. absol., esp. in plural the deaf, deaf people.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > disordered hearing > [noun] > deafness > people
deafc1000
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xi. 5 Blinde geseoþ..deafe gehyraþ.
c1200 Vices & Virtues (1888) 75 Þe blinde, ðe dumbe, ðe deaue, ðe halte.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 13107 Þe def has hering, blind has sight.
1611 Bible (King James) Isa. xxxv. 5 Then..the eares of the deafe shalbe vnstopped. View more context for this quotation
1855 R. Browning Master Hugues xxvi Who thinks Hugues wrote for the deaf?..try again; what's the clef?
c. figurative said of things.
ΚΠ
OE Cynewulf Juliana 150 Næfre þugelærest þæt ic leasingum, dumbum ond deafum deofolgieldum, gæsta geniðlum gaful onhate.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) v. i. 70 Infected mindes To their deafe pillowes will discharge their Secrets. View more context for this quotation
1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound i. i. 20 Have its deaf waves not heard my agony?
d. Proverbial phrases. as deaf as an adder or a post (formerly and still dialectally as deaf as a door, doorpost, doornail, etc.); none so deaf as those who won't hear. (Deafness is attributed in the Bible, Psalm lviii. 5, to the adder (= pethen the asp); cf. the name deaf-adder in Compounds 2.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > disordered hearing > [adjective] > deaf
deafc825
hearingless1398
deathc1475
as deaf as a door, doorpost, doornail1546
dunch1569
surda1682
nut-deaf1828
stock-deaf1865
soundless1890
stone-eared1895
non-hearing1958
Mutt and Jeff1960
mutt1973
mutton1983
a1400–50 Alexander 4747 Dom as a dore-nayle & defe was he bathe.]
1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. ix. sig. Kiiiv Who is so deafe,..as hee that wilfully will nothere here nor see.
1551 R. Crowley Pleasure & Payne sig. Aviiv Ye deafe dorepostis coulde ye not heare?
1606 N. Breton Miseries Mavillia in Wks. (1879) 49 He is as deafe as a doore.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Sourd comme vn tapis, as deafe as a doore-nayle (say we).
1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. xxxiv. 288 He was as deaf as a Door-nail.
1824 J. Bentham Bk. of Fallacies in Wks. (1843) II. 412 None are so completely deaf as those who will not hear.
1841 T. Hood Tale of Trumpet i, in New Monthly Mag. May 121 She was deaf as a post.
1841 T. Hood Tale of Trumpet i, in New Monthly Mag. May 121 She was deaf as a post..And as deaf as twenty similes more, Including the adder, that deafest of snakes.
1841 T. Hood Tale of Trumpet i, in New Monthly Mag. May 121 She was deaf as a nail—that you cannot hammer A meaning into, for all your clamour.
c825 Vesp. Ps. lvii. 4 (5) Swe nedran deafe.1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms lvii. 5 Like the deaf Adder that stoppeth hir eares.]
e. deaf and dumb: also used absol. (= deaf-mute adj. and n.) and thence attributive, as ‘a deaf-and-dumb alphabet’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > vocal disorders > [adjective] > dumb
speechlessa1000
dumbc1000
deaf and dumb?c1225
mutec1400
tongueless1447
voiceless1535
wordless1648
tongue-tied1707
deaf-dumb1822
deaf-mute1837
utterless1854
unspeakable1888
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > disordered hearing > [adjective] > deaf > deaf and dumb
deaf and dumb?c1225
deaf-dumb1822
deaf-mute1837
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > vocal disorders > [noun] > dumbness > person
dummel1570
dummerell1593
dummya1598
mute1615
deaf and dumb1625
deaf-dumb1822
dummerer1834
surdomute1880
deaf-mute1881
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > disordered hearing > [noun] > deafness > deafness and dumbness > person
deaf and dumb1625
deaf-dumb1822
surdomute1880
deaf-mute1881
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 85 Ich heoldme he seið stille ase dumbe & deaf deð þet naueð nan ondswere.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 4281 Þof it defe were & doumbe, dede as a ston.
1625 J. Stradling Divine Poemes iii. 96 The deafe and dumbe, he made to heare and speake.
1669 W. Holder Elem. Speech App. 114 Now as to the most general case of those who are deaf and dumb, I say they are dumb by consequence from their deafness.
1775 S. Johnson Journey W. Islands 380 There is..in Edinburgh..a college of the deaf and dumb.
1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind ii. 17 The real deaf-and-dumb language of signs.
f. In restricted sense: Insensible to certain kinds of sounds, musical rhythm, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > music appreciation > music lover > [adjective] > not
unmusical1603
earless1605
mistuned1755
deaf1785
timber1815
untunable1851
rhythm-deaf1871
tone-deaf1894
amusical1906
1785 W. Cowper Task vi. 646 Deaf as the dead to harmony.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxiii. 167 A world of sounds to which I had been before quite deaf.
1870 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows (1886) 241 His remarks upon versification are..instructive to whoever is not rhythm-deaf.
2. figurative. Not giving ear; unwilling to hear or heed, inattentive. Const. to (†at). Phrase. to turn a deaf ear (to).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > ignoring, disregard > [adjective] > by not hearing
deaf1297
unlistening1664
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 7220 Hii beþ deue & blinde iwys, þat hii noileþ non god þyng yhure ne yse.
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xii. 61 For god is def now a dayes and deyneþ nouht ous to huyre.
c1440 W. Hylton Scala Perfeccionis (1494) ii. xxii Make deef ere to hem as though þou herde hem not.
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. iii. f. 30 Mankinde was in a manner deaffe at the law of nature.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) i. ii. 245 Oh that mens eares should be To Counsell deafe, but not to Flatterie. View more context for this quotation
1655 J. Jennings tr. J.-P. Camus Elise 100 The reason that hath caused..your pitty to be deaf at my prayers.
1665 S. Patrick Parable of Pilgrim xviii. 176 Turn a deaf ear to him, and do not go along with him.
1711 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 7 Feb. (1948) I. 182 I was deaf to all intreaties.
1792 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 667 Duncan fleech'd, and Duncan pray'd;..Meg was deaf as Ailsa craig.
1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. xiii. 167 They were deaf to his summons.
1887 R. N. Carey Uncle Max xxvi. 207 I prudently turned a deaf ear to this question.
1937 Down Beat Feb. 17/4 Turning a deaf ear to all requests for music of a slower tempo.
1996 Daily Star 11 Sept. 29/4 Instead of turning a deaf ear, try to listen to what they have to say.
†3. Dull, stupid; absurd. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective]
sloweOE
stuntc960
dullOE
hardOE
stuntlyc1000
sotc1050
dillc1175
dulta1225
simplea1325
heavy1340
astonedc1374
sheepishc1380
dull-witteda1387
lourd1390
steerishc1411
ass-likea1425
brainless?a1439
deafc1440
sluggishc1450
short-witted1477
obtuse1509
peakish1519
wearish1519
deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520
doileda1522
gross1526
headlessa1530
stulty1532
ass-headed1533
pot-headed1533
stupid?1541
sheep's head1542
doltish1543
dumpish1545
assish1548
blockish1548
slow-witted1548
blockheaded1549
surd1551
dull-headed1552
hammer-headed1552
skit-brained?1553
buzzardly1561
witless1562
log-headeda1566
assy1566
sottish1566
dastardly1567
stupidious1567
beetle-headed1570
calvish1570
bluntish1578
cod's-headed1578
grout-headed1578
bedaft1579
dull-pated1580
blate1581
buzzard-like1581
long-eared1582
dullard1583
woodena1586
duncical1588
leaden-headed1589
buzzard1592
dorbellical1592
dunstical1592
heavy-headeda1593
shallow-brained1592
blunt-witted1594
mossy1597
Bœotian1598
clay-brained1598
fat1598
fat-witted1598
knotty-pated1598
stupidous1598
wit-lost1599
barren1600
duncifiedc1600
lourdish1600
stockish1600
thick1600
booby1603
leaden-pated1603
partless1603
thin-headed1603
leaden-skulledc1604
blockhead1606
frost-brained1606
ram-headed1608
beef-witted1609
insulse1609
leaden-spirited1609
asininec1610
clumse1611
blockheadly1612
wattle-headed1613
flata1616
logger-headeda1616
puppy-headeda1616
shallow-patedc1616
thick-brained1619
half-headed1621
buzzard-blinda1625
beef-brained1628
toom-headed1629
thick-witted1634
woollen-witted1635
squirrel-headed1637
clod-pated1639
lean-souled1639
muddy-headed1642
leaden-witteda1645
as sad as any mallet1645
under-headed1646
fat-headed1647
half-witted1647
insipid1651
insulsate1652
soft-headed1653
thick-skulleda1657
muddish1658
non-intelligent1659
whey-brained1660
sap-headed1665
timber-headed1666
leather-headeda1668
out of (one's) tree1669
boobily1673
thoughtless1673
lourdly1674
logger1675
unintelligenta1676
Bœotic1678
chicken-brained1678
under-witted1683
loggerhead1684
dunderheaded1692
unintelligible1694
buffle-headed1697
crassicc1700
numbskulled1707
crassous1708
doddy-polled1708
haggis-headed1715
niddy-noddy1722
muzzy1723
pudding-headed1726
sumphish1728
pitcher-souleda1739
duncey1743
hebete1743
chuckheaded1756
dumb1756
duncely1757
imbecile1766
mutton-headed1768
chuckle-headed1770
jobbernowl1770
dowfarta1774
boobyish1778
wittol1780
staumrel1787
opaquec1789
stoopid1791
mud-headed1793
borné1795
muzzy-headed1798
nog-headed1800
thick-headed1801
gypit1804
duncish1805
lightweight1809
numbskull1814
tup-headed1816
chuckle-pate1820
unintellectuala1821
dense1822
ninnyish1822
dunch1825
fozy1825
potato-headed1826
beef-headed1828
donkeyish1831
blockheadish1833
pinheaded1837
squirrel-minded1837
pumpkin-headed1838
tomfoolish1838
dundering1840
chicken-headed1842
like a bump on a log1842
ninny-minded1849
numbheadeda1852
nincompoopish1852
suet-brained1852
dolly1853
mullet-headed1853
sodden1853
fiddle-headed1854
numb1854
bovine1855
logy1859
crass1861
unsmart1861
off his chump1864
wooden-headed1865
stupe1866
lean-minded1867
duffing1869
cretinous1871
doddering1871
thick-head1873
doddling1874
stupido1879
boneheaded1883
woolly-headed1883
leaden-natured1889
suet-headed1890
sam-sodden1891
dopey1896
turnip-headed1898
bonehead1903
wool-witted1905
peanut-headed1906
peanut-brained1907
dilly1909
torpid-minded1909
retardate1912
nitwitted1917
meat-headed1918
mug1922
cloth-headed1925
loopy1925
nitwit1928
lame-brained1929
dead from the neck up1930
simpy1932
nail-headed1936
square-headed1936
dingbats1937
pinhead1939
dim-witted1940
pea-brained1942
clueless1943
lobotomized1943
retarded1949
pointy-headed1950
clottish1952
like a stunned mullet1953
silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954
out to lunch1955
pin-brained1958
dozy1959
eejity1964
out of one's tiny mind1965
doofus1967
twitty1967
twittish1969
twatty1975
twattish1976
blur1977
dof1979
goofus1981
dickheaded1991
dickish1991
numpty1992
cockish1996
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > absurdity, incongruity > [adjective]
impertinenta1425
royeta1522
absurd1531
preposterous1533
ridiculous1533
deaf?1541
monstrous?1549
fabulous1561
fanatical1598
fantastical1600
laughable1600
fantasticc1616
nonsense1621
arsy-versy1628
absonous1642
nonsensical1645
ridicule?1669
fancical1671
grotesque1747
rich1836
saugrenu1876
laughsome1884
cockeyed1894
hilarious1925
Rube Goldberg1928
whimsy-whamsy1931
Rube Goldbergian1933
cockamamie1941
fantasticated1960
fanciful-
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 116 Deffe, or dulle (K. defte, H.P. deft), obtusus, agrestis.
1482 in Eng. Gilds (1870) 315 Tailors', Exeter, Callenge hym knaffe, or horson, or deffe, or any yoder mysname.
?1541 R. Copland Galen's Fourth Bk. Terapeutyke sig. Bivv, in Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens Otherwyse it shulde be a deafe thynge that ye thynge whiche is no more beynge shulde requyre curacyon.
†4. Numb, without sensation. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > [adjective]
unfeelingc1000
dead?c1225
unwitlessc1225
insensiblec1400
unfeelablec1400
unfredeablec1450
insensate?1520
blatea1522
deaf?1527
unsensible1531
inanimatea1555
senseless1557
unsensate1561
sleeping1562
insensitive1610
unsensitive1610
torpid1613
inanimated1646
torpent1647
unperceptive1668
feelless1684
insentient1764
unsentient1768
sensationless1824
apathic1835
non-sensitive1836
zombie-like1932
zombie-esque1946
zomboid1963
zombied1972
?1527 L. Andrewe tr. Noble Lyfe Bestes sig. vi Torpido is a fisshe, but who so handeleth hym shalbe lame & defe of lymmes, that he shall fele no thyng.
†5. Of sounds: So dull as to be hardly or indistinctly heard; muffled. Obsolete. [Compare French bruit sourd.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > non-resonance > [adjective] > deadening > deadened
deaf1612
deadened1720
smothered1810
dully1832
muffled1837
muted1860
sordine1894
sourdine1898
1612 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don-Quixote: Pt. 1 iii. vi. 156 The deaf and confused Trembling of these Trees.
a1645 W. Browne tr. M. Le Roy Hist. Polexander (1647) iii. iii. 106 Assoone as Almanzor had made an end, there was a deafe noise among all the assembly.
1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Meleager & Atalanta in Fables 113 A deaf Murmur through the Squadron went.
1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid's Met. xii. 72 Nor silence is within, nor voice express, But a deaf noise of sounds that never cease.
6.
a. Lacking its essential character or quality; hollow, empty, barren, unproductive; insipid. Cf. deaf-nettle n. at Compounds 2. Now chiefly dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > productiveness > unproductiveness > [adjective]
unbearingc825
deafc897
westyOE
wastumlessc975
wilderna1050
drya1340
gelda1350
barren1377
unfructuousa1382
poora1387
ungreenc1400
infecundc1420
farrow1494
fruitlessa1513
unfruitful1531
sterile1552
hungry1577
penurious1594
unfertile1596
infertile1598
howling1611
ungenitureda1616
arid1656
infecundous1661
ungendering1706
yeld1721
unproductive1725
infructuose1727
ungenerative1733
fallow1791
nihili-parturient1812
dowf1824
wastec1825
non-productive1830
unreproductive1836
infructuous1860
unvintaged1869
increative1877
ablastemic1881
submarginal1895
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > infertility > [adjective]
yelda1100
barrenc1200
geldc1225
untudderya1325
unfruitinga1400
infecundc1420
unfruitfula1425
fruitlessa1513
infertile1598
abortive1601
sterile1612
effete1621
deaf1633
improlifical1646
subventaneous1652
improlifica1661
unprolific1672
unfructifying1827
subfertile1846
agenesic1864
eggless1904
shy1905
radiosterilized1960
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care lii. 411 Ungefynde corn..oððe deaf.
14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 718/36 Hee sunt partes fructuum..Hoc nauci..defe.
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Deaffe or doted, as that whyche hath no sauoure, surdus.
1633 D. Rogers Treat. Two Sacraments Gospell i. 189 Tremble yow for your sitting so long upon the divels deafe egges.
1788 W. Marshall Provincialisms E. Yorks. in Rural Econ. Yorks. II. 325 Deaf, blasted, or barren; as a deaf ear of corn; or a deaf nut.
1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) Deef, Deeaf..Applied to corn, it means light grain; and to land, weak and unproductive.
1883 Standard 27 Aug. 6/4 The grain is bulky, the ears are large..although a few here and there are ‘deaf’.
1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. Deaf,..applied to any kind of fruit or seed enclosed in a shell or husk, which when opened is barren.
b. deaf nut n. one with no kernel; used figuratively for something hollow, worthless, or unsubstantial.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > [noun] > that which is useless > useless person or thing
cumber-worldc1374
cumber-house1541
deaf nut1613
cumber-ground1657
dead duck1844
no good1871
dead wood1877
dead wood1887
blue duck1889
dud1897
cluck1904
non-starter1911
dead loss1927
dreep1927
write-off1935
no-gooder1936
nogoodnik1936
blivet1967
roadkill1990
1613 Bp. J. Hall Holy Panegyrick 9 He is but a deafe nut therfore, that hath outward seruice, without inward feare.
1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. 331 I live upon no deaf nuts, as we use to speak.
1788 [see sense 6a].
1808 W. Scott Let. 30 Dec. (1932) II. 144 The appointments..are £300 a-year—no deaf nuts.
1852 T. De Quincey Sketch from Childhood in Hogg's Instructor New Ser. 8 178/2 A blank day, yielding absolutely nothing—what children call a deaf nut, offering no kernel.
†c. deaf arch n. Obsolete rare = blind arch.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > arch > [noun] > other types of arch
bowOE
craba1387
cove1511
triumphal arch (arc)a1566
straight arch1663
pointed arch1688
rough arch1693
jack-arch1700
oxi1700
raking arch1711
flat arch1715
scheme-arch1725
counter-arch1726
ox-eye arch1736
surbased dome1763
ogee1800
rising arch1809
sub-arch1811
deaf arch1815
four-centred arch1815
mixed arch1815
Tudor arch1815
camber1823
lancet arch1823
invert1827
platband1828
pier arch1835
ogive1841
scoinson arch1842
segment1845
skew arch1845
drop-arch1848
equilateral arch1848
lancet1848
rear arch1848
straining-arch1848
tierceron1851
shouldered arch1853
archlet1862
segment-arch1887
1815 Ann. Reg. Chron. 43 In one of the deaf Arches, immediately adjoining the middle arch of the bridge.

Compounds

C1. Combinations.
deaf-eared adj.
ΚΠ
1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) ix. f. 120v And words of comfort too her deafeard [printed deafe ard] mynd they spake.
† deaf-minded adj. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 149 These which are dumme and are deafe minded.
C2.
deaf-aid n. a hearing aid.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > audiology or audiometry > [noun] > aids to defective hearing
trunk1546
otacousticon1615
otacoustic1617
ear-spectacle1626
sarbacane1644
acoustic1659
acousticon1660
hearing-trumpet1725
ear trumpet1731
trumpet1774
otophone1839
auricle1864
audiphone1880
osteophone1892
microphonograph1897
hearing aid1922
deaf-aid1934
1934 Discovery Nov. 324/2 The combined radio-gramophone and deaf-aid.
1939 Nature 15 Apr. 633/1 An efficient type of deaf-aid is operated by a pick-up coil, in which are induced currents from an energized cable hung round the auditorium or placed under the carpet.
deaf-dumb n. = deaf-mute adj. and n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > vocal disorders > [adjective] > dumb
speechlessa1000
dumbc1000
deaf and dumb?c1225
mutec1400
tongueless1447
voiceless1535
wordless1648
tongue-tied1707
deaf-dumb1822
deaf-mute1837
utterless1854
unspeakable1888
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > vocal disorders > [noun] > dumbness > person
dummel1570
dummerell1593
dummya1598
mute1615
deaf and dumb1625
deaf-dumb1822
dummerer1834
surdomute1880
deaf-mute1881
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > disordered hearing > [adjective] > deaf > deaf and dumb
deaf and dumb?c1225
deaf-dumb1822
deaf-mute1837
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > disordered hearing > [noun] > deafness > deafness and dumbness > person
deaf and dumb1625
deaf-dumb1822
surdomute1880
deaf-mute1881
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 479 The deaf-dumb scholar.
1834 S. Cooper Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) I. 421 The extent of Knowledge..which the deaf-dumb have occasionally exhibited.
1834 S. Cooper Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) I. 423 A deaf-dumb boy.
deaf-dumbness n. dumbness or aphonia arising from deafness.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > vocal disorders > [noun] > dumbness
dumbnessc1380
speechlessness1580
dumb1640
deaf-dumbness1822
mutism1824
deaf-mutism1865
deaf-muteness1874
surdomutism1880
ineffableness1883
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > disordered hearing > [noun] > deafness > deafness and dumbness
deaf-dumbness1822
deaf-mutism1865
deaf-muteness1874
surdomutism1880
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 478 Aphonia Surdorum. Deaf-dumbness.
1883 B. W. Richardson Field of Dis. vi. 262 Deafness, resulting..from actual disease, or from deaf-dumbness.
deaf-ear n. (a) = auricle n. 3; †(b) a cotyledon or seed-leaf of some plants; (c) the ear-lobe of the domestic fowl.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > vascular system > heart > [noun] > auricle
eara1398
deaf-ear1615
earlet1659
auricle1664
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > seed > [noun] > parts of > cotyledon or seed-leaf
seed leafa1682
seedling leaf1699
ear leaf1718
seed lobe1720
deaf-ear1725
cotyledon1776
the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > member of (fowl) > parts of
poultry feather1822
deaf-ear1854
ear lappet1867
earlobe1886
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 374 At the Basis of the heart on either side hangeth an appendixe..which is called the Eare, not from any profite, action or vse it hath sayeth Galen..and therefore wee in English call it commonly the deafe-eare, but for the similitude.
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 375 The hollow veine..is receiued by the right deafe-eare.
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Melon The two first leaves, which are call'd the Deaf Ears of the plant, will twirl or coffer.
1796 Glasse's Art of Cookery (new ed.) v. 68 Wash a large beast's heart clean, and cut off the deaf-ears.
1854 Poultry Chron. 1 225 The cock..should have large wattles, and a clear white deaf-ear.
1855 Poultry Chron. 3 443 The importance of white deaf-ears seems however to have been overlooked by some of the competitors.
1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Dëaf-ears, the auricles of the heart.
deaf-nettle n. = dead-nettle n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > labiate plant or plants > [noun] > dead-nettle or hemp-nettle
blind-nettleeOE
nettleeOE
dead-nettle1398
red archangela1425
red dead-nettlea1425
archangel1440
deaf-nettlec1440
swan's tonguec1450
dea-nettle?1530
henbit1597
nettle-hemp1597
day-nettle1635
base horehound1736
Ballota1778
weasel-snout1796
hemp-nettle1801
glidewort1866
Lamium1974
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 116 Deffe nettylle, arch-angelus.
1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 201/1 Deafe Nettles.
1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Dëaf-nettle, the stingless nettle.

Draft additions September 2016

to fall (also land, etc.) on deaf ears and variants: (of a request, plea, or statement) to be ignored, or received with coldness or indifference.
ΚΠ
1739 Read's Weekly Jrnl. 15 Sept. But I speak to deaf ears, and strive in vain to animate the broken Courage of those..Men.]
1804 J. Lackington Confessions 54 lf haply not too late my friendly call Strike on deaf ears [misquoting 1777 W. Dodd: dead ears].
1838 N.Y. Mirror 24 Nov. 170/1 ‘Mysterious man! explain yourself!’ said Howard. But the demand fell on deaf ears.
1902 O. J. Thatcher Ideas that have influenced Civilization VI. 156 He brought forward the idea of a tax on incomes. But his words fell on deaf ears.
1938 Blytheville (Arkansas) Courier News 23 May 6/1 Manager Schleicher contended the bail was foul but his plea landed on deaf ears.
1987 C. Phillips European Tribe i. 12 Muhammad thought 100 to 150 dirhams..would be in order. His words drummed on deaf ears. I gave him fifty dirhams.
2013 Church Times 22 Feb. 13/2 A call for everyone to give up eating meat is likely to fall on deaf ears.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

deafv.

Brit. /dɛf/, U.S. /dɛf/
Forms: Middle English deffe, 1500s Scottish deif(f, 1500s–1600s deeff(e, deafe, deaff, 1600s– deaf.
Etymology: < deaf adj.; or an assimilation of the earlier deave v. to the form of the adjective.
archaic or dialect.
†1. intransitive. To become deaf. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > disordered hearing > have a hearing disorder [verb (intransitive)] > become deaf
adeaveeOE
deavea1400
deaf1530
deafen1680
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 509/2 I deefe, I begyn to wante my hearing.
2.
a. transitive. To make deaf, to deafen.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > disordered hearing > have a hearing disorder [verb (transitive)] > make deaf
adeavec1350
greggea1382
deatha1450
deafa1500
deafen1611
bedeaf1620
bedeafen1631
obsurd1639
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxx. 415 Then deffys hym with dyn The bellys of the kyrke When thai clatter.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 509/2 Thou deeffest me with thy kryeng so loude.
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 147 What cracker is this same that deafes our eares With this abundance of superfluous breath? View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 404 A swarm of thin aerial Shapes appears, And, flutt'ring round his Temples, deafs his Ears.
1728 C. Cibber Vanbrugh's Provok'd Husband ii. i. 26 Lord! this Boy is enough to deaf People.
1877 F. Ross et al. Gloss. Words Holderness Deeaf, to deafen with noise.
b. figurative and transferred.
ΚΠ
1596 T. Lodge Margarite of Amer. sig. B Then marched forth ech squadron, deaffing the aire with their cries.
1615 T. Adams Blacke Devill 13 Yet still [he] deafes himselfe to the cry of his owne Conscience.
1637 T. Nabbes Microcosmus in Dodsley's Select Coll. Old Plays IX. 127 If she urge Those accusations, deaf thy understanding To her suggestions.
1822 Ld. Byron Heaven & Earth i. iii, in Liberal 1 184 No more..Than their last cries shall shake the Almighty purpose, Or deaf obedient Ocean, which fulfils it.
3. To drown (a sound) with a louder sound.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > make a loud sound or noise [verb (transitive)] > surpass in loudness or drown
outvoice1612
out-thunder1616
outnoise1639
deaf1640
deafen1823
thunder1845
overtone1862
1640 G. Abbot Whole Bk. Iob Paraphr. xxxix. 251/1 Deafing their noise..with his loud and daring neighings.
1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel II. 95 The birds..Were often deaf'd to silence with her song.

Derivatives

ˈdeafing n. and adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > ignoring, disregard > [noun] > refusal to hear
deafinga1625
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > [adjective] > deafening
deafeninga1616
deafinga1625
obtunding1645
stunning1667
ear-splitting1761
splitting1821
head-splitting1824
shattering1842
ear-sore1859
a1625 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Two Noble Kinsmen (1634) v. v. 9 Gainst the which there is No deaffing, but to heare. View more context for this quotation
1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. P8 The deafing surges, that with rage do boyl.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online September 2021).
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adj.c825v.a1500
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