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单词 dayal
释义

dayaln.

Brit. /ˈdʌɪəl/, /dʌɪˈjɑːl/, U.S. /ˈdaɪ(ə)l/, /dəˈjɑl/
Forms: 1700s– dial, 1700s– dyal, 1800s dayul, 1800s dhial, 1800s doyal, 1800s– dayal, 1800s– dhayal, 1800s– dhyal, 1900s– doel, 1900s– doyel.
Origin: Apparently a borrowing from various Indian languages. Etymon: Hindi dayāl.
Etymology: Apparently < Hindi dayāl and its cognates in related Indian languages, of unknown origin.Forms with o in the first syllable apparently reflect Bengali phonology. The form dial (formerly frequent in compounds) may show remodelling after dial n.1, on account of the overlap in pronunciation. There is no evidence that a semantic connection with dial n.1 was made within English, but compare French oiseau de cadran solaire , lit. ‘sundial bird’, glossing the English name in Dict. raisonné et universelle des animaux (1759) II. 28/1, and cadran (lit. ‘quadrant, sundial’: see quadrant n.1) used as a name for the bird by F. Levaillant (1799).
Originally Indian English.
I. Compounds.
1. dayal bird n. (originally and frequently in form dial bird) the oriental magpie-robin, Copsychus saularis (family Muscicapidae), which occurs in a variety of regional forms across much of southern Asia.
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the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > genus Copsichus (shama)
dayal bird1738
dayal1751
magpie robin1839
shama1839
1738 E. Albin Nat. Hist. Birds III. 17 The Dial Bird or Bengall Magpie... These Birds were brought from Bengall in the year 1734, and are called by the Natives the Dial-Bird.
1783 W. Marsden Hist. Sumatra 298 The Achenese bring also into combat the dial bird, (moori) which resembles a small magpye.
1812 W. Smellie & W. Wood tr. Comte de Buffon Nat. Hist. Gen. & Particular XI. 261 The East India bird which the English that visit the coasts of Bengal term the Dial-bird.
1859 J. E. Tennent Ceylon II. vii. vii. 254 The songster that first pours forth his salutation to the morning is the dial-bird.
1883 R. B. Sharpe Catal. Birds Brit. Mus. VII. 63 The geographical description of the Dháyal birds is of great interest.
1895 H. A. Macpherson in R. Lydekker Royal Nat. Hist. III. 490 The nesting holes of the barbets and woodpeckers are often utilised by the dhyal bird.
1934 Murrelet 15 74 Most abundant of the thrushes about Canton are the Black Thrush, or ‘Chinese Blackbird’, and the black and white Dayal Bird or ‘Magpie Robin’.
1958 C. Johnson tr. H. Randow Zoo Hunt in Ceylon xxvii. 209 The region was swarming with rose-colored starlings, mynahs, Brahman starlings, dial birds, shama thrushes, and bulbuls.
2001 Div. Law Enforcement: Ann. Rep. 2000 (US Fish & Wildlife Service) 23 One U.S. citizen returning from Vietnam had four small birds (two dhyal birds and two white rumped shamas) concealed in his clothing.
2. dayal grackle n. Obsolete = dayal bird n.
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1782 J. Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds I. ii. 465 (heading) Dial Gr[akle].
1798 T. Pennant View Hindoostan II. 263 The Dial grakle..is trained in Sumatra like a cock for fighting, but the conflicts are performed in the air on wing.
3. dayal thrush n. = dayal bird n.
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1928 Sat. Evening Post (Philadelphia) 7 Jan. 94/3 I am getting shipments of birds every ten days,..with a man going regularly to Germany and South America. Here is a sample shipment: 1600 male canaries, 475 female canaries, 1 cassowary, 2 dial thrushes, 8 macaws.
1963 H. Bates & R. Busenbark Finches & Soft-billed Birds xxviii. 298 The Dhyal Thrush is subordinate to the Shama in its love for dominance but probably exceeds most other softbills of its size.
1997 L. Palika Consumer's Guide Feeding Birds v. 55 The Shama thrush and Dyal thrush have both been kept successfully as pets. These attractive birds have exquisite voices, and are hardy and healthy.
II. Simple uses.
4. = dayal bird n. at sense 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > genus Copsichus (shama)
dayal bird1738
dayal1751
magpie robin1839
shama1839
1751 G. Edwards Nat. Hist. Birds IV. 181 They were sent to Mr. Dandridge, by the Name Dyal.
1783 W. Marsden Hist. Sumatra 98 The dial (moori) has a pretty, but short note.
1841 Jrnl. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 10 ii. 642 The Dial is a lively, active little bird, rather like a little magpie.
1847 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 20 382 Of arboreal songsters, the ‘Dhyal’ (Copsychus saularis) has a pleasing, desultory, robin-like ditty.
1855 W. S. Dallas in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature III. 307 The Dayal..which..is called the Magpie Robin by the English residents in Ceylon.
1922 W. A. Fraser Caste xvii. 154 The dhyal, as if feeling defeat in the sweeter carol of his rival, hushed.
2009 T. Streissguth Bangladesh in Pictures 15 Bangladesh has made the sweet-singing doel, or magpie robin, its national bird.
2011 Times of India (Nexis) 23 Feb. Also known as Dayal, the black and white bird is commonly spotted in the city's [sc. Mumbai's] gardens, window sills or even plain overgrowth.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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