dampern.

Brit.

/ˈdampə/, U.S.

/ˈdæmpər/

Etymology: < damp v. + -er suffix¹.

That which damps, in various senses of the verb.

a. Something that damps or depresses the spirits, etc.; also, a person who does the same.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > depressing quality > depressing thing, person, or circumstances

cloudc1430

palla1450

melancholya1475

downdraughta1681

Job's comforter1738

damper1748

killjoy1776

wet blanket1810

down-drag1814

chill1821

dismals1829

shadow1855

down1856

a skeleton at the feast (or banquet)1857

wet blanket1857

depressor1868

dampener1887

sorry-go-round1898

wet smack1927

bringdown1935

droopy drawers1939

big chill1943

party pooper1947

misery1951

party poop1951

grinch1966

downer1969

1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VI. xxviii. 94 I very early discharged shame, that cold-water damper to an enterprising spirit.

1749 H. Walpole in J. J. Hissey Holiday on Road (1887) 140 Sussex is a great damper of curiosity.

1818 Blackwood's Mag. 2 528 Out of sixteen people, five dampers were present.

1822 W. Hazlitt Table-talk II. xv. 343 This is a damper to sanguine and florid temperaments.

1854 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes I. xxvi. 251 I feel myself very often an old damper in your company.

b. Something that takes off the edge of appetite.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > meal > [noun] > light meal or snacks

nuncheonc1260

morsela1382

refection?a1439

mixtumc1490

bever1500

banquet1509

collation1525

snatch1570

beverage1577

a little something1577

anders-meat1598

four-hours1637

watering1637

refreshment1639

snap1642

luncheona1652

crib1652

prandicle1656

munchin1657

baita1661

unch1663

afternooning1678

whet1688

nacket1694

merenda1740

rinfresco1745

bagging?1746

snack1757

coffee1774

second breakfast1775

nummit1777

stay-stomach1800

damper1804

eleven o'clock1805

noonshine1808

by-bit1819

morning1819

four1823

four o'clock1825

lunch1829

stay-bit1833

picnic meal1839

elevens1849

Tommy1864

picnic tea1869

dinnerette1872

merienda1880

elevenses1887

light bite1887

soldier's supper1893

mug-up1902

tray1914

café complet1933

nosha1941

namkeen1942

snax1947

snackette1952

chaat1954

ploughman's lunch1957

munchie1959

playlunch1960

short-eat1962

lite bite1965

munchie1971

ploughman1975

aperitivo2002

1804 M. Edgeworth Limerick Gloves v, in Pop. Tales I. 277 In the kitchen, taking his snack by way of a damper.

1811 C. Lamb Edax on Appetite in Ess. (1835) I endeavour to make up by a damper, as I call it, at home before I go out.

c. An operative who damps the materials used in various manufactures.

ΚΠ

1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) § 429 Damper (boots); wetter; soaks leather bends in clean soft water.

1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) § 429 Damper-down (boots); smooths bottom of sole of a boot or shoe with a pad of clean, white flannel, damped with special solution.

a. A piece of mechanism in a pianoforte for ‘damping’ or stopping the vibrations of the strings, consisting of a small piece of wood or wire covered with cloth or felt, which rests against the strings corresponding to each key, and is raised or withdrawn from them when the key is pressed down.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > pianoforte > damper

damper1783

underdamper1870

muffler1875

1783 J. Broadwood Specif. Patent 1379 b, b, are the dampers, which also is fixt under the strings.

1856 M. C. Clarke tr. H. Berlioz Treat. Mod. Instrumentation 72 The sign ⊕ indicates that the dampers must be replaced by quitting the pedal.

b. ‘The mute of a horn and other brass wind instruments’ (Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. Terms).

c. In an organ: a thumping-board (see thumping-board n. at thumping n. Compounds).

ΚΠ

1879 Organ Voicing i. 6 The thumping-board or damper, assists to keep the keys level.

1881 W. E. Dickson Pract. Organ-building viii. 114 A heavy damper or ‘thumping-board’ should be laid across the key-board.

3. A metal plate made to turn or slide in a flue or chimney, so as to control the combustion by regulating or stopping the draught.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > hearth or fireplace > devices to provide or adjust draught

fan1530

register1744

damper1788

Shadrach1827

draught1870

phukni1959

cowc1736

hood1750

damping1756

damper1788

air damper1794

cowl1812

back-draught1825

mitre1890

1788 Gardner Specif. Patent 1642 These registers or dampers are enclosed in the chimney.

1791 T. Beddoes in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 81 174 He first turned the flame from off the metal, which is done by letting down a damper upon the chimney.

1823 T. Moore Fables Holy Alliance 86 Those trusty, blind machines..by a change as odd as cruel, Instead of dampers, served for fuel!

1829 ‘R. Stuart’ Anecd. Steam Engines I. 269 The heat of the furnace under the boiler was rudely regulated in both machines by a damper.

a. Magnetism. (See quot. 1881, and cf. damp v. 1d.)

ΚΠ

1881 J. C. Maxwell Treat. Electr. & Magnetism (ed. 2) II. 344–5 A metallic surface, called a Damper, is sometimes placed near a magnet for the express purpose of damping or deadening its vibrations. We shall therefore speak of this kind of resistance as Damping.

b. Electrical Engineering. One of a set of short-circuited conductors in the pole faces of a synchronous electric motor or generator which resist any tendency of the machine to ‘hunt’, i.e. oscillate by running alternately faster and slower than the synchronous speed. Also damper bar, damper winding.

ΚΠ

1906 A. Russell Treat. Theory Alternating Currents II. 191 In order to prevent phase swinging, Hutin and Leblanc provided the field magnets with ‘amortisseurs’, or ‘dampers’, which tend to prevent any relative change between the positions of the magnetic field due to the armature and the field due to the field magnets.

1920 Whittaker's Electr. Engineer's Pocket-bk. (ed. 4) 223 Care must be taken that the damper bars have not the same pitch as the armature slots as this might cause ripples in the c.c. pressure.

1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Damper winding.

1964 N. N. Hancock Matrix Anal. Electr. Machinery xi. 198 The damper windings of synchronous machines are mechanically simple but electrically complicated devices.

1964 N. N. Hancock Matrix Anal. Electr. Machinery xi. 201 For synchronous motors it may be a wholly false assumption, since high resistance dampers may be used to obtain adequate starting torque.

c. Any device designed to damp mechanical vibrations; spec. a shock-absorber on a motor car.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > [noun] > imposing or acting as resisting influence > that which

damper1929

the world > movement > absence of movement > [noun] > state of cessation of movement > arrest of motion > damping of oscillation > that which

dash-pot1861

damper1929

1929 K. Newton & W. Steeds Motor Vehicle xxix. 332 Designers..try to reduce the friction [in a laminated spring] to the minimum, and they introduce additional friction when it is required by external devices which are called ‘dampers’.

1935 W. K. Wilson Pract. Solution Torsional Vibration Probl. vii. 365 There is a definite setting for every damper at which the maximum reduction of vibration amplitude is obtained.

1952 A. W. Judge Mod. Motor Engineer (ed. 5) III. iii. 59 In most cases this damping action is improved by the use of dampers or shock absorbers fitted between the axles and the chassis frame.

1958 Engineering 7 Mar. 295/1 The car was tried without any suspension dampers at all.

1958 Chambers's Techn. Dict. Add. 971/1 Yaw damper suppresses directional oscillations in high-speed aeroplanes, while a roll damper does likewise laterally.

1961 W. G. Bickley & A. Talbot Introd. Theory Vibrating Syst. x. 122 In many mechanical systems friction is unwanted, and minimized, but in some cases vibration dampers are a feature of the design.

5. Any contrivance for damping or moistening.e.g. An appliance for moistening the gummed back of postage stamps; one for damping paper for a copying-press, for cleaning slates, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [noun] > one who or that which

moistener1611

humectator1665

damper1845

dampener1887

1845 Mechanics' Mag. 42 285 Postage stamp, wafer, and label damper.

1854 Mechanics' Mag. 61 86 The damper may be left in any position when not in use, as the water will not of itself run out.

6. Chiefly Australian and New Zealand. A simple kind of unleavened cake or bread made, for the occasion, of flour and water and baked in hot ashes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > [noun] > unleavened bread

biscuit cake1593

matzo1650

lavash1662

flatbread1762

fladbröd1799

damper1827

johnnycake1827

bammy1852

salt-rising bread1854

paratha1935

roti canai1974

roti prata1980

1827 P. Cunningham Two Years New S. Wales II. xxviii. 190 The farm-men usually bake their flour into flat cakes, which they call dampers, and cook these in the ashes.

1833 C. Sturt Two Exped. Southern Austral. II. 203 While drinking their tea and eating their damper.

1843 S. Stephens Let. 4 Sept. 169 (MS.) Flour, from which I make what we call ‘dampers’ in a frying pan.

1852 G. C. Mundy Our Antipodes I. ix. 305 The Australian bush-bread, a baked unleavened dough, called damper—a damper, sure enough, to the stoutest appetite.

1891 Argus (Melbourne) 7 Nov. 13/5 When you've boiled your billy and cooked your damper you put out the fire and move..on to camp.

1918 R. Kipling Land & Sea Tales (1923) 96 Wonderful hot cakes called ‘dampers’.

1939 J. Mulgan Man Alone (1949) xiv. 138 He..then cooked a damper of flour and oatmeal.

1944 W. E. Harney Taboo (ed. 3) 37 You eat up, old men. I will wait for mine to cool off—hot dampers make me sick.

1964 F. Chichester Lonely Sea & Sky 49 In order to bake ‘damper’, which is unleavened bread, we used to hang the oven high above the log fire and pile hot ashes on the lid.

7. A till, a cash register; a drawer in which cash is kept. slang.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > place for keeping money > money box or chest > [noun] > till or cash-register

till-box1692

till1698

lob1819

Peter1827

damper1846

cash register1879

register1879

1846 R. L. Snowden Magistrate's Assistant 344 To rob a till, to pinch a lob: or draw a damper.

1846 R. L. Snowden Magistrate's Assistant 344 A till, a lob or damper.

1944 D. Runyon Runyon à la Carte (1946) 104 Go over to his hotel..and get the night clerk to open his damper.

Compounds

(a) In sense 2a, as damper-crank, damper-rail, damper-stick, †damper-stop; damper-pedal n. that pedal in a pianoforte which raises all the dampers, the ‘loud pedal’; (b) in sense 3, as damper-regulator n. a contrivance by which the heat of the furnace or the pressure of steam is made to control the damper. damper weight n. (see quot. 1888).

ΚΠ

1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 140 Fig. 2, e Damper stick.

1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 141 The damper-stop raised the dampers from the strings.

1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 141 Fig. 10, k Damper Crank.

1840 Penny Cycl. XVII. 142 Fig. 11, g Damper rail.

1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 676/2 The damper-regulators which act by the pressure of steam are of three or more kinds.

1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. 102 Damper weight, a weight used to counterbalance that of the damper of a steam boiler in order to render it easy of adjustment.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	damper
释义	dampern. Brit. /ˈdampə/, U.S. /ˈdæmpər/ Etymology: < damp v. + -er suffix¹. That which damps, in various senses of the verb. 1. a. Something that damps or depresses the spirits, etc.; also, a person who does the same. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > depressing quality > depressing thing, person, or circumstances cloudc1430 palla1450 melancholya1475 downdraughta1681 Job's comforter1738 damper1748 killjoy1776 wet blanket1810 down-drag1814 chill1821 dismals1829 shadow1855 down1856 a skeleton at the feast (or banquet)1857 wet blanket1857 depressor1868 dampener1887 sorry-go-round1898 wet smack1927 bringdown1935 droopy drawers1939 big chill1943 party pooper1947 misery1951 party poop1951 grinch1966 downer1969 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VI. xxviii. 94 I very early discharged shame, that cold-water damper to an enterprising spirit. 1749 H. Walpole in J. J. Hissey Holiday on Road (1887) 140 Sussex is a great damper of curiosity. 1818 Blackwood's Mag. 2 528 Out of sixteen people, five dampers were present. 1822 W. Hazlitt Table-talk II. xv. 343 This is a damper to sanguine and florid temperaments. 1854 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes I. xxvi. 251 I feel myself very often an old damper in your company. b. Something that takes off the edge of appetite. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > meal > [noun] > light meal or snacks nuncheonc1260 morsela1382 refection?a1439 mixtumc1490 bever1500 banquet1509 collation1525 snatch1570 beverage1577 a little something1577 anders-meat1598 four-hours1637 watering1637 refreshment1639 snap1642 luncheona1652 crib1652 prandicle1656 munchin1657 baita1661 unch1663 afternooning1678 whet1688 nacket1694 merenda1740 rinfresco1745 bagging?1746 snack1757 coffee1774 second breakfast1775 nummit1777 stay-stomach1800 damper1804 eleven o'clock1805 noonshine1808 by-bit1819 morning1819 four1823 four o'clock1825 lunch1829 stay-bit1833 picnic meal1839 elevens1849 Tommy1864 picnic tea1869 dinnerette1872 merienda1880 elevenses1887 light bite1887 soldier's supper1893 mug-up1902 tray1914 café complet1933 nosha1941 namkeen1942 snax1947 snackette1952 chaat1954 ploughman's lunch1957 munchie1959 playlunch1960 short-eat1962 lite bite1965 munchie1971 ploughman1975 aperitivo2002 1804 M. Edgeworth Limerick Gloves v, in Pop. Tales I. 277 In the kitchen, taking his snack by way of a damper. 1811 C. Lamb Edax on Appetite in Ess. (1835) I endeavour to make up by a damper, as I call it, at home before I go out. c. An operative who damps the materials used in various manufactures. ΚΠ 1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) § 429 Damper (boots); wetter; soaks leather bends in clean soft water. 1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) § 429 Damper-down (boots); smooths bottom of sole of a boot or shoe with a pad of clean, white flannel, damped with special solution. 2. a. A piece of mechanism in a pianoforte for ‘damping’ or stopping the vibrations of the strings, consisting of a small piece of wood or wire covered with cloth or felt, which rests against the strings corresponding to each key, and is raised or withdrawn from them when the key is pressed down. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > pianoforte > damper damper1783 underdamper1870 muffler1875 1783 J. Broadwood Specif. Patent 1379 b, b, are the dampers, which also is fixt under the strings. 1856 M. C. Clarke tr. H. Berlioz Treat. Mod. Instrumentation 72 The sign ⊕ indicates that the dampers must be replaced by quitting the pedal. b. ‘The mute of a horn and other brass wind instruments’ (Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. Terms). c. In an organ: a thumping-board (see thumping-board n. at thumping n. Compounds). ΚΠ 1879 Organ Voicing i. 6 The thumping-board or damper, assists to keep the keys level. 1881 W. E. Dickson Pract. Organ-building viii. 114 A heavy damper or ‘thumping-board’ should be laid across the key-board. 3. A metal plate made to turn or slide in a flue or chimney, so as to control the combustion by regulating or stopping the draught. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > hearth or fireplace > devices to provide or adjust draught fan1530 register plate1715 register1744 damper1788 Shadrach1827 draught1870 phukni1959 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > chimney > plate or hood to control draught cowc1736 hood1750 damping1756 damper1788 air damper1794 cowl1812 back-draught1825 mitre1890 1788 Gardner Specif. Patent 1642 These registers or dampers are enclosed in the chimney. 1791 T. Beddoes in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 81 174 He first turned the flame from off the metal, which is done by letting down a damper upon the chimney. 1823 T. Moore Fables Holy Alliance 86 Those trusty, blind machines..by a change as odd as cruel, Instead of dampers, served for fuel! 1829 ‘R. Stuart’ Anecd. Steam Engines I. 269 The heat of the furnace under the boiler was rudely regulated in both machines by a damper. 4. a. Magnetism. (See quot. 1881, and cf. damp v. 1d.) ΚΠ 1881 J. C. Maxwell Treat. Electr. & Magnetism (ed. 2) II. 344–5 A metallic surface, called a Damper, is sometimes placed near a magnet for the express purpose of damping or deadening its vibrations. We shall therefore speak of this kind of resistance as Damping. b. Electrical Engineering. One of a set of short-circuited conductors in the pole faces of a synchronous electric motor or generator which resist any tendency of the machine to ‘hunt’, i.e. oscillate by running alternately faster and slower than the synchronous speed. Also damper bar, damper winding. ΚΠ 1906 A. Russell Treat. Theory Alternating Currents II. 191 In order to prevent phase swinging, Hutin and Leblanc provided the field magnets with ‘amortisseurs’, or ‘dampers’, which tend to prevent any relative change between the positions of the magnetic field due to the armature and the field due to the field magnets. 1920 Whittaker's Electr. Engineer's Pocket-bk. (ed. 4) 223 Care must be taken that the damper bars have not the same pitch as the armature slots as this might cause ripples in the c.c. pressure. 1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Damper winding. 1964 N. N. Hancock Matrix Anal. Electr. Machinery xi. 198 The damper windings of synchronous machines are mechanically simple but electrically complicated devices. 1964 N. N. Hancock Matrix Anal. Electr. Machinery xi. 201 For synchronous motors it may be a wholly false assumption, since high resistance dampers may be used to obtain adequate starting torque. c. Any device designed to damp mechanical vibrations; spec. a shock-absorber on a motor car. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > [noun] > imposing or acting as resisting influence > that which damper1929 the world > movement > absence of movement > [noun] > state of cessation of movement > arrest of motion > damping of oscillation > that which dash-pot1861 damper1929 1929 K. Newton & W. Steeds Motor Vehicle xxix. 332 Designers..try to reduce the friction [in a laminated spring] to the minimum, and they introduce additional friction when it is required by external devices which are called ‘dampers’. 1935 W. K. Wilson Pract. Solution Torsional Vibration Probl. vii. 365 There is a definite setting for every damper at which the maximum reduction of vibration amplitude is obtained. 1952 A. W. Judge Mod. Motor Engineer (ed. 5) III. iii. 59 In most cases this damping action is improved by the use of dampers or shock absorbers fitted between the axles and the chassis frame. 1958 Engineering 7 Mar. 295/1 The car was tried without any suspension dampers at all. 1958 Chambers's Techn. Dict. Add. 971/1 Yaw damper suppresses directional oscillations in high-speed aeroplanes, while a roll damper does likewise laterally. 1961 W. G. Bickley & A. Talbot Introd. Theory Vibrating Syst. x. 122 In many mechanical systems friction is unwanted, and minimized, but in some cases vibration dampers are a feature of the design. 5. Any contrivance for damping or moistening.e.g. An appliance for moistening the gummed back of postage stamps; one for damping paper for a copying-press, for cleaning slates, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [noun] > one who or that which moistener1611 humectator1665 damper1845 dampener1887 1845 Mechanics' Mag. 42 285 Postage stamp, wafer, and label damper. 1854 Mechanics' Mag. 61 86 The damper may be left in any position when not in use, as the water will not of itself run out. 6. Chiefly Australian and New Zealand. A simple kind of unleavened cake or bread made, for the occasion, of flour and water and baked in hot ashes. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > [noun] > unleavened bread biscuit cake1593 matzo1650 lavash1662 flatbread1762 fladbröd1799 damper1827 johnnycake1827 bammy1852 salt-rising bread1854 paratha1935 roti canai1974 roti prata1980 1827 P. Cunningham Two Years New S. Wales II. xxviii. 190 The farm-men usually bake their flour into flat cakes, which they call dampers, and cook these in the ashes. 1833 C. Sturt Two Exped. Southern Austral. II. 203 While drinking their tea and eating their damper. 1843 S. Stephens Let. 4 Sept. 169 (MS.) Flour, from which I make what we call ‘dampers’ in a frying pan. 1852 G. C. Mundy Our Antipodes I. ix. 305 The Australian bush-bread, a baked unleavened dough, called damper—a damper, sure enough, to the stoutest appetite. 1891 Argus (Melbourne) 7 Nov. 13/5 When you've boiled your billy and cooked your damper you put out the fire and move..on to camp. 1918 R. Kipling Land & Sea Tales (1923) 96 Wonderful hot cakes called ‘dampers’. 1939 J. Mulgan Man Alone (1949) xiv. 138 He..then cooked a damper of flour and oatmeal. 1944 W. E. Harney Taboo (ed. 3) 37 You eat up, old men. I will wait for mine to cool off—hot dampers make me sick. 1964 F. Chichester Lonely Sea & Sky 49 In order to bake ‘damper’, which is unleavened bread, we used to hang the oven high above the log fire and pile hot ashes on the lid. 7. A till, a cash register; a drawer in which cash is kept. slang. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > place for keeping money > money box or chest > [noun] > till or cash-register till-box1692 till1698 lob1819 Peter1827 damper1846 cash register1879 register1879 1846 R. L. Snowden Magistrate's Assistant 344 To rob a till, to pinch a lob: or draw a damper. 1846 R. L. Snowden Magistrate's Assistant 344 A till, a lob or damper. 1944 D. Runyon Runyon à la Carte (1946) 104 Go over to his hotel..and get the night clerk to open his damper. Compounds (a) In sense 2a, as damper-crank, damper-rail, damper-stick, †damper-stop; damper-pedal n. that pedal in a pianoforte which raises all the dampers, the ‘loud pedal’; (b) in sense 3, as damper-regulator n. a contrivance by which the heat of the furnace or the pressure of steam is made to control the damper. damper weight n. (see quot. 1888). ΚΠ 1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 140 Fig. 2, e Damper stick. 1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 141 The damper-stop raised the dampers from the strings. 1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 141 Fig. 10, k Damper Crank. 1840 Penny Cycl. XVII. 142 Fig. 11, g Damper rail. 1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 676/2 The damper-regulators which act by the pressure of steam are of three or more kinds. 1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. 102 Damper weight, a weight used to counterbalance that of the damper of a steam boiler in order to render it easy of adjustment. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1748
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