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单词 damp
释义

dampn.1

Brit. /damp/, U.S. /dæmp/
Forms: In Middle English domp.
Etymology: Corresponds with Middle Low German and modern Dutch and Danish damp vapour, steam, smoke, modern Icelandic dampr steam, Middle High German dampf , tampf , modern German dampf vapour, steam; compare also Swedish damb dust. The word is not known in the earlier stages of the languages, and its history in English before its appearance in 1480 is unknown; it is difficult to conceive of its having come down from Old English times without appearing in writing. See damp v.
†1.
a. An exhalation, a vapour or gas, of a noxious kind. Obsolete except as in 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [noun] > poisonous exhalation
damp1480
mephitis1625
miasm1649
miasma1665
the world > matter > gas > [noun] > fumes or vapour > noxious vapour or gas
reekeOE
air?c1225
damp1480
mephitis1625
smoke1648
effluvium1656
fume1665
miasma1665
mephitic1802
1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. lxxv. 58 After this dragon shal come a goot and ther shal come oute of his nostrel a domp that shal betoken honger and grete deth of peple.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 8v The Fennes and Marshes in the heate of the yeere, doo send foorth pestilent and deadly dampes.
1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxliii. 281 All infected in a manner at one instant, by reason of a dampe or miste which arose..within the Castle yeard.
1606 T. Dekker Seuen Deadly Sinnes London vii. sig. G2 What rotten stenches, and contagious damps would strike vp into thy nosthrils?a1680 J. Bargrave Pope Alexander VII (1867) ii. 121 It [the Catacombs] is a horrid place to go to, and dangerous, for fear of damps.1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §144 In poisonous damps or steams, wherein flame cannot be kindled, as is evident in the Grotto del Cane near Naples.1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VIII. 31 Exposed..to the damps and exhalations of the earth.1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. 52 The mode of keeping out the damps of ditch-water by burnt brandy.
b. spec. in coal mines: (a) = choke-damp n.; also called black damp, and suffocating damp. (b) = firedamp n., formerly fulminating damp.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > gas > [noun] > fumes or vapour > explosive gas in mines
dampa1592
firedamp1662
fire1672
wildfire1672
fulminating damp1675
dirt1831
sulphur1851
stifle1886
the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [noun] > poisonous exhalation > in mines or stagnant pools
dampa1592
stanch1693
suffocating damp1695
stythe1708
surfeit1708
choke-damp1766
afterdamp1813
white damp1817
marsh gas1848
stanch-air1883
the world > matter > gas > [noun] > fumes or vapour > noxious vapour or gas > in mines
dampa1592
marsh gas1848
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §375 We see Lights will go out in the Damps of Mines.
1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 44 The Colliers..retired immediately and saved themselves from the eruptions of the Damp.
1670 W. Simpson Hydrol. Ess. 97 A sulphureous damp..which by the flame of a candle..might very probably take fire.
1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 206 One is called the Suffocating, the other the Fulminating Damp.
1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772 50 The damp or fiery vapour was conveyed through pipes to the open air, and formed a terrible illumination.
?1790 J. Imison School of Arts (ed. 2) 106 Air that has lost its vivifying spirit is called damp..The dreadful effects of damps are known to such as work in mines.
1836 Scenes of Commerce 334 The miners..also meet with foul air, called by them the black damp..which suffocates the instant it is inhaled.
figurative.a1592 H. Smith Wks. (1866) I. 367 The remembrance of death is like a damp, which puts out all the lights of pleasure.1642 Vindic. King i An open Presse to cleere every imagination which is not stifled in this Dampe.
†2. Visible vapour; fog, mist. Obsolete.This being usually humid gives rise to the sense of ‘moisture’ in sense 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > mist > [noun]
misteOE
roke1292
vapourc1386
nyle1481
stove1513
fumec1550
rouka1586
misting1604
steam1612
dampa1616
petty-fog1641
smoke1648
brume1694
muga1728
ure1818
nebule1869
nebula1894
moist1903
M1904
clag1940
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) ii. i. 163 Ere twice in murke and occidentall dampe Moist Hesperus hath quench'd her sleepy Lampe. View more context for this quotation
1739 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 10 Sept. (1965) II. 149 I have lost all my bad Symptoms, and am ready to think I could even bear the damps of London.
1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the Second 42 While rising Vapours, and descending Shades, With Damps, and Darkness drown the Spatious Vale.
1807 J. Barlow Columbiad iii. 123 Thou darkening sky, Deepen thy damps, the fiend of death is nigh.
figurative.a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1959) IV. 213 Yet there is a damp, or a cloud of uncharitablenesse.1751 Mem. Lady of Quality in T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle III. lxxxviii. 159 He hangs like a damp upon society, and may be properly called Kill-joy.1827 R. Pollok Course of Time I. iii. 91 Sin, with cold, consumptive breath, Involved it still in clouds of mortal damp.
3.
a. Moisture (diffused through the air as vapour, or through a solid substance, or condensed upon a surface); dampness, humidity. (The ordinary current sense.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > moisture or humidity > [noun]
wetc888
wetec897
wetnessc950
wekea1300
wokeness1340
moistc1387
moistnessc1390
moisturec1390
dank?a1400
humidity1412
wakc1485
waknessc1520
aquosity1528
weakinessa1642
succity1646
fogginess1674
damp1706
1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxli. 240 The coldnesse of stones, and the dampe of the earth, are both verie hurtfull to our bodies.]
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Damp, Moisture, Wetness.
1758 S. Johnson Idler 24 June 89 He..may set at defiance the morning mist, and the evening damp.
1806 T. S. Surr Winter in London III. i. 66 We keep fires in all the rooms by turns, so that no damp has come to the tapestry.
1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Alice I. i. vi. 44 Mrs. Merton, who was afraid of the damp, preferred staying within.
1875 W. S. Jevons Money xi. 129 To corrode by exposure to air or damp.
b. with plural. (Usually more concrete in sense.)
ΚΠ
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 42v Howe soeuer the Barne be, you must place it as hie as you may, least the Corne be spoyled with moysture or dampes.]
1721 R. Bradley Philos. Acct. Wks. Nature 166 An Hygrometer in the..Conservatory, by which we might regulate the over Moisture or Damps in the Air of the House.
1797 A. Radcliffe Italian III. v. 141 Cold damps, which hung upon his forehead, betrayed the agony of his mind.
1839 H. W. Longfellow L'Envoi in Voices of Night Amid the chills and damps Of the vast plain where death encamps.
1858 N. Hawthorne Fr. & Ital. Jrnls. I. 120 Covered with damps, which collected and fell upon us in occasional drops.
c. slang. A drink, a ‘wetting’. (damp v. 5b.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [noun] > a drink of
strong drink?1490
drink1535
whiff1605
tip1612
wet1719
swilla1731
booze1732
slug1756
whitter1786
intoxication1799
O (or oh) be joyful1823
sneezer1823
north-wester1830
drain1836
damp1837
smile1839
snifter1844
liquor1860
rosiner1871
tiddlywink1880
bevvy1889
gargle1889
snort1889
jolt1904
smahan1914
tincture1914
taste1919
piss1925
drinkie1947
smash1959
shant1960
1837 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers xxvii. 279 We'll just give ourselves a damp, Sammy.
†4. A dazed or stupefied condition; loss of consciousness or vitality, stupor. Obsolete. (Cf. damp v. 2.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > [noun] > state of physical stupefaction
dazedness1340
excessa1387
stupora1398
stupefaction?a1425
dazingc1522
damp1542
daziness1554
dazzling1581
stupidity1603
stupidity?1615
stupidness1619
stupification1650
dream1717
dazzlement1841
daze1855
dazement1855
lull1856
mazement1901
1542 T. Becon Dauids Harpe 150 b He was in a trauns, that is to say in a dampe, a stupour, abashement, and soden privacion of sence or fealyng.
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Traunce or dampe, ecstasis.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 293 Adam by this from the cold sudden damp Recovering, and his scatterd spirits returnd. View more context for this quotation
1668 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 140 [It did] strike him into a damp, and being carried thence in a chaire to his chamber, died the next day.
1711 W. King et al. Vindic. Sacheverell 94 He..struck a damp upon W[hig]g[i]sm, and laid it in a State of Death.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 538. ¶3 I felt a general Damp and a Faintness all over me.
5. A state of dejection; depression of spirits.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun]
unlustOE
sorrowfulnessa1250
heavinessc1275
elengenessec1320
dullnessc1369
tristourc1380
murknessc1390
tristesse1390
faintness1398
ungladnessa1400
droopingc1400
heavity14..
dejectionc1450
terne?a1513
disconsolation1515
descence1526
marea1529
sadness?1537
dumpishness1548
unblessedness1549
dolorousness1553
ruefulness?1574
dolefulness1586
heartlessness1591
languishment1591
mopishness1598
soul-sickness1603
contristation1605
damp1606
gloominess1607
sableness1607
uncheerfulnessa1617
disconsolateness1624
cheerlessnessa1631
dejectedness1633
droopingness1635
disanimation1637
lowness1639
desponsion1641
disconsolacy1646
despondency1653
dispiritedness1654
chagrin1656
demission1656
jawfall1660
weightedness1660
depression1665
disconsolancy1665
grumness1675
despondence1676
despond1678
disheartenednessa1680
glumness1727
low1727
gloom1744
low-spiritedness1754
blue devils1756
black dog1776
humdudgeon1785
blue devilism1787
dispiritude1797
wishtnessc1800
downheartedness1801
blue-devilage1816
dispiritment1827
downcastness1827
depressiveness1832
dolorosity1835
lugubriosity1840
disconsolance1847
down1856
heavy-heartedness1860
lugubriousness1879
sullenness1885
low key1886
melancholia1896
burn-out1903
mokus1924
downness1927
mopiness1927
deflation1933
wallow1934
1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. 22 a Their heartes were stricken into a great dampe, and were so discouraged, that [etc.].
1702 R. L'Estrange tr. Josephus Jewish Antiq. x. xii, in Wks. 293 The Dread of this Decree, put all People into a General Damp and Silence.
1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. v. 550 He found a great damp upon the spirit of the Governour.
1760 Impostors Detected I. 13 [This] put a sudden damp to their zeal.
1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella I. i. ix. 336 This news struck a damp into the hearts of the Castilians.
1840 R. Browning Sordello v. 433 This idle damp Befits not.
6. A check, discouragement.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > [noun] > a check or rebuff
rebuke?a1513
counterbuff1579
damp1584
check?c1600
turnagain1630
rebuff1672
knock1898
knockback1898
1584 R. Greene Gwydonius f. 19 To dryue him more into dolefull dumpes, she retourned him this dampe.
1642 King Charles I Declar. 12 Aug. 18 Such a dampe of Trade in the Citie.
a1699 W. Temple Ess. Pop. Discontents in Wks. (1731) I. 268 Some little Damps would be given to that pestilent Humour and general Mistake.
1769 E. Burke Observ. Late State Nation 33 Those accidents, that cast an occasional damp upon trade.
1832 H. Martineau Life in Wilds vi. 70 A sudden damp seemed to be cast over all the plans.

Compounds

General attributive.
damp-course n. = damp-proof course n.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > [noun] > foundations > parts of
foundation stone1651
touching1663
footstone1728
substrate1730
found1818
air drain1833
damp-course1876
damp-proof course1876
foundation-trench1942
foundation deposit1955
1876Damp course [see damp-proof course n.].
1890 B. A. Whitelegge Hygiene & Public Health vi. 150 A ‘damp-course’ must be provided, that is a continuous horizontal course of glazed earthenware, slate, or other impervious material.
† damp-hole n. Obsolete (In sense 1.)
ΚΠ
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 41 Which dampe holes breathing out a deadly aire.
damp-proof adj. (In sense 3.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > dryness > [adjective] > waterproof or watertight
waterthight1387
staunch1412
watertight1489
thight1501
waterfast1518
waterproof1725
drop-dry1844
stanching1852
moisture-proof1867
damp-proof1870
damp-proofed1962
1870 English Mechanic XII. 262 Damp-proof paper.—Can any of your readers inform me where to obtain paper which will be unaffected by constant damp?
1889 F. E. Gretton Memory's Harkback 199 Provided your day be fine, and your shoes damp-proof.
damp-proof course n. ‘a course of some impermeable material laid on the foundation walls of a building a short distance above the level of the outside soil, to prevent the damp from rising up the walls’ (Gwilt).
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > [noun] > foundations > parts of
foundation stone1651
touching1663
footstone1728
substrate1730
found1818
air drain1833
damp-course1876
damp-proof course1876
foundation-trench1942
foundation deposit1955
1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 462/2 A damp-proof course, intended to prevent that rise of damp from the soil in the brickwork... This damp course is formed in various ways, as a layer of asphalt, or asphalt canvas, or some similar material.
1884 Internat. Health Exhib. Official Catal. 50/2 Sanitary Stoneware of every description, including..air-bricks, damp-proof course.
1963 Gloss. Build. Terms (B.S.I.) 17 Damp-proof membrane, a damp-proof course within a floor or flat roof.
damp-proofed adj. rendered impervious to damp.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > dryness > [adjective] > waterproof or watertight
waterthight1387
staunch1412
watertight1489
thight1501
waterfast1518
waterproof1725
drop-dry1844
stanching1852
moisture-proof1867
damp-proof1870
damp-proofed1962
1962 Times 3 Dec. (Agric. Suppl.) p. iii/4 A damp-proofed floor.
damp-proofing n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [adjective] > through > permeating > permeable > not > rendering
damp-proofing1934
1934 H. Hiler Notes Technique Painting i. 38 Any good damp-proofing solution, such as shellac dissolved in petrol, etc.
1962 Listener 22 Mar. 534/2 You can get heat-resisting, mould-resisting, and damp-proofing paints.
damp-sheet n. see quot. 1881.
ΚΠ
1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 126 Damp sheet, a large sheet, placed as a curtain or partition across a gate-road to stop and turn an air-current.
damp-worn n. (In sense 3.)
ΚΠ
1853 C. Dickens Bleak House xviii. 177 The time and damp-worn monuments.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

dampadj.

Brit. /damp/, U.S. /dæmp/
Etymology: < damp n.1
†1. Of the nature of, or belonging to, a ‘damp’ or noxious exhalation: see damp n.1 1. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective] > of poisonous gas or noxious exhalation
dampish1577
dampy1600
damp1637
irrespirable1822
the world > matter > gas > [adjective] > of the nature of fumes or vapour > of or relating to or of nature of noxious vapour
dampish1577
dampy1600
mephitic1623
damp1637
mephitical1704
mephitized1794
miasmic1822
miasmal1832
miasmatic1835
miasmatical1855
miasmatous1861
miasmous1884
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > environmental pollution > [adjective] > bad air > specific
smoky1398
mephitic1623
damp1637
mephitical1704
mephitized1794
moted1821
ozoneless1887
motey1893
1637 J. Milton Comus 16 Such are those thick, and gloomie shadows damp Oft seene in Charnell vaults, and Sepulchers.
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 8 The air imprison'd also, close and damp, Unwholsom draught. View more context for this quotation
1734 J. Lowther Damp Air in Coal-pit in Philos. Trans. 1733–4 (Royal Soc.) 38 112 It is to be observed that this sort of Vapour, or damp Air, will not take Fire except by Flame.
†2. Affected with or showing stupefaction or depression of spirits; dazed, stupefied. Obsolete or archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective]
ungladc888
wearyc888
drearyc1000
dreary-moodOE
heavyc1000
unmerryOE
droopy?c1225
mournc1275
sada1300
languishinga1325
amayedc1330
matec1330
unlightc1330
unblissful1340
lowa1382
mishappyc1390
dullc1393
elengely1393
droopinga1400
heavy-hearteda1400
joylessa1400
sytefula1400
mornifc1400
tristy?c1400
lightless?1406
heartlessa1413
tristc1420
amatec1425
languoring?c1425
mirthlessc1430
heavisome1435
darkc1440
gloomingc1440
comfortlessc1460
amateda1470
chermatc1475
tristfula1492
lustless?1507
dolorous1513
ruthful1513
downcast1521
deject1528
heartsicka1529
lumpisha1535
coolc1540
dowlyc1540
glum1547
discouraged1548
uncheerfulc1555
dumpish1560
out of heart1565
sadded1566
amoped1573
tristive1578
desolated1580
dejected1581
à la mort1586
delightless1589
afflicted1590
gladless1590
groanful1590
gloomya1593
muddy1592
sitheful1592
cloudy1594
leaden-hearted1596
disconsolated1598
clum1599
life-weary1599
spiritless1600
dusky1602
chop-fallen1604
flat1604
disanimated1605
jaw-fallen1605
moped1606
chap-fallen1608
decheerful1608
uncheerful1612
lacklustrea1616
pulled1616
dumpya1618
depressed1621
head-hung1632
grum1640
downa1644
dispirited1647
down-at-mouth1649
down in (rarely of) the mouth1649
unhearted1650
sunlessa1658
sadful1658
unlightened1659
chagrin1665
saddened1665
damp1667
moping1674
desponding1688
tristitious1694
unenjoying1697
unraised1697
unheartya1699
unked1698
despondent1699
dismal1705
unjoyful1709
unrejoiced1714
dreara1717
disheartened1720
mumpish1721
unrejoicing1726
downhearted1742
out of spirits1745
chagrineda1754
low-spirited1753
sombrea1767
black-blooded1771
glumpy1780
oorie1787
sombrous1789
morose1791
Novemberish1793
glumpish1800
mopeful1800
die-away1802
blue-devilish1804
blue-devilled1807
malagrugrous1818
down in the hip1826
yonderly1828
sunshineless1831
downfaced1832
broody1851
in a (or the) trough1856
blue-devilly1871
drooped1873
glummy1884
pippy1886
humpy1889
pipped1914
lousy1933
pissed1943
crappy1956
doomy1961
bummed1970
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > [adjective] > physically stupefied
amazedOE
astoundc1315
stonieda1340
dareda1400
dazedc1400
stupefact?a1425
adasedc1450
dolda1500
dazinga1533
dazzling1571
stupid1571
fordulled1591
entranced1594
torpid1656
damp1667
stuporous1712
rammista1838
stuporose1879
dazy1880
sent1940
like a stunned mullet1953
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 523 With looks Down cast and damp . View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 65 Mee damp horror chil'd. View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 364 The trembling Trojans hear; O're-spread with a damp Sweat, and holy Fear.
1847 J. Martineau Endeavours Christian Life II. xviii. 299 Murky doubts and damp short-sightedness.
1855 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes II. xvi. 159 The dinner..was rather a damp entertainment.
3. Slightly wet as with steam, suspended vapour, dew, or mist; holding water in suspension or absorption; moist, humid. (The ordinary current sense.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > moisture or humidity > [adjective] > humid
humidc1550
humoral1602
dampisha1642
vapid1660
damp1706
moothy1878
the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [adjective]
moista1382
moistfula1398
undriedc1440
wak1513
mocha1522
humorous1526
humidc1550
dabby1581
fat1598
unparched1599
moistish1610
dampisha1642
weakya1642
rafty1655
dampya1691
damp1706
mochy1794
danky1820
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) To Damp, to make damp, or moist.
1735 G. Berkeley Querist §412 A cold, damp, sordid habitation, in the midst of a bleak country.
1748 Acct. Voy. for Discov. North-west Passage I. 21 The Weather..disagreeably damp from the great Wetting of the Fog.
1874 C. Kingsley Lett. (1878) II. 429 We have come out of intense winter into damp spring.
1894 N.E.D. at Damp Mod. A cold caught by sleeping in a damp bed.
4. As quasi-adv. in damp-dry v. trans. and intr., to dry to the state of being only damp.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > dryness > become dry [verb (intransitive)] > partially
damp-dry1956
the world > matter > liquid > dryness > dry [verb (transitive)] > partially
damp-dry1956
1956 N.Y. Times 15 Jan. 65 (advt.) It automatically fills, washes, rinses, damp dries, shuts itself off!
1960 Daily Mail 9 Feb. 8/8 Incidentally, a spin drier damp dries.
1961 M. Beadle These Ruins are Inhabited (1963) iii. 39 If fed a shilling, this latter [sc. a gas heater] will yield enough warmth to damp-dry socks draped on the rungs of a chair.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

dampv.

Brit. /damp/, U.S. /dæmp/
Etymology: < damp n.1; frequent from c1550. German dampfen , Dutch dampen , also go back to the 16th cent.; in German a causative dempfen appears to go back to Old High German (demphan < *dampian ). For dampped in Allit. Poems B. 989, see dump n.1
1.
a. transitive. To affect with ‘damp’, to stifle, choke, extinguish; to dull, deaden (fire, sound, etc.). Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)] > cause to lose vitality or vigour
languisha1464
castrate1554
damp1564
dead1586
flag1602
wooden1641
dispirit1647
deaden1684
disvigorate1694
devitalize1849
narcotize1852
wilt1855
woodenize1877
abirritate1882
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > non-resonance > non-resonant sound [verb (transitive)] > deaden
damp1564
dead1611
deaden1726
absorb1791
muffle1832
mute1841
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > extinguishing fire > extinguish (fire) [verb (transitive)] > choke or smother (a fire)
strangle?1527
choke1528
queasom1561
slake?1567
smothera1591
damp1706
stifle1726
1564 A. Bacon tr. J. Jewel Apol. Churche Eng. (1859) Parker Soc. 82 Their own matter is damped, and destroyed in the word of God as if it were in poison [L. in veneno extingui vident et suffocari].
1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxiii. 152 An euill morall disposition..dampeth the very light of heauenly illumination.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §147 All shutting in of Air, where there is no competent Vent, dampeth the Sound.
1637 J. Shirley Lady of Pleasure iv. i Her phlegm would quench a furnace, and her breath Would damp a musket ball.
1706 A. van Leeuwenhoek in Philos. Trans. 1704–05 (Royal Soc.) 24 2159 If we take a piece of Wood-coal, that has been damp'd or extinguished.
1818 Blackwood's Mag. 2 528 Having damped his own appetite with a couple of slices.
1894 N.E.D. at Damp Mod. To damp a fire with small coal.
b. to damp down (a fire or furnace): to cover or fill it with small coal, ashes, or coke, so as to check combustion and prevent its going out, when not required for some time. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)]
littleeOE
anitherOE
wanzelOE
lessc1225
slakea1300
littenc1300
aslakec1314
adminisha1325
allayc1330
settle1338
low1340
minisha1382
reprovea1382
abatea1398
rebatea1398
subtlea1398
alaskia1400
forlyten?a1400
imminish14..
lessenc1410
diminish1417
repress?a1425
assuagec1430
scarcec1440
small1440
underslakec1440
alessa1450
debate?c1450
batec1460
decreasec1470
appetisse1474
alow1494
mince1499
perswage?1504
remita1513
inless?1521
attenuate1530
weaken1530
defray1532
mitigate1532
minorate1534
narrow?1548
diminuec1550
extenuate1555
amain1578
exolve1578
base1581
dejecta1586
amoinder1588
faint1598
qualify1604
contract1605
to pull down1607
shrivel1609
to take down1610
disaugment1611
impoverish1611
shrink1628
decoct1629
persway1631
unflame1635
straiten1645
depress1647
reduce1649
detract1654
minuate1657
alloy1661
lower?1662
sinka1684
retreat1690
nip1785
to drive down1840
minify1866
to knock down1867
to damp down1869
scale1887
mute1891
clip1938
to roll back1942
to cut back1943
downscale1945
downrate1958
slim1963
downshift1972
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or consume by fire [verb (transitive)] > make a fire > keep fire going > by covering with ashes or small coal
rekec1330
wryc1374
rakea1398
rake1530
to damp down1869
bank1923
1869 J. Martineau Ess. Philos. & Theol. 2nd Ser. 278 Fire which must not be permitted to damp itself down.
1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 20 Feb. 2/1 The notices terminate at the end of the month..and the furnaces will be damped down.
1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 28 Aug. 1/1 Mr. Gladstone's speeches may tend to damp down the agitation.
c. Acoustics, Music, etc. To stop the vibrations of a string or the like; to furnish (the strings of a pianoforte) with dampers. In wider use: to impose or to act as a resisting influence on (an oscillation or vibration of any kind) so that it is either progressively reduced in amplitude or, if the resistance is sufficiently great, converted into non-oscillatory return to an equilibrium position; also used with the oscillating body as object. So to damp out: to damp, to extinguish by damping.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > mechanics > types of motion > [verb (transitive)] > damp oscillations or oscillating body
damp1840
the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > oscillate [verb (transitive)] > impose or act as resisting influence
damp1840
dampen1879
the world > movement > absence of movement > render immobile [verb (transitive)] > stop the movement of > arrest oscillation of > damp oscillation of
damp1840
the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > vibration > vibrate [verb (transitive)] > impose or act as resisting influence
absorb1791
damp1840
dampen1879
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > play stringed instrument [verb (transitive)] > damp or mute
surd1625
damp1840
1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 140 A piece of cloth..to damp or stop the string [in a clavichord].
1883 A. J. Hipkins in Grove Dict. Music III. 636 The higher treble of the piano is not now damped.
1897 E. L. Nichols & W. S. Franklin Elem. Physics III. xv. 168 The vibrations of a heavy, elastic body, such as a tuning fork, are but slightly damped.
1899 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 192 247 Any natural vibrations of the suspended system would be rapidly damped out.
1927 E. G. Richardson Sound iv. 121 All vibrations of solids of whatever type are damped by internal friction.
1935 F. J. Camm Pract. Motorist's Encycl. 82/2 The leaf-springs of the car's suspension system..damp-out a large proportion of the road shocks and vibrations suffered by the wheels of the car.
1940 Illustr. London News 196 576 I was very impressed by the springing, which damped-out all but exceptionally bad bumps on the road.
1950 Engineering 7 Apr. 397/1 Spring-loaded clamping devices heavily damped by hydraulic means to provide virtually solid clamping.
1957 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 175/1 The low elasticity of the gut causes these high constituents [of the note] to be quickly damped.
1961 W. G. Bickley & A. Talbot Introd. Theory Vibrating Syst. iv. 37 We consider the typical case of a mass m controlled by a spring of stiffness s damped by a resistance proportional to the speed.
d. Magnetism. To stop the oscillations of a magnetic needle by placing a mass of conducting metal near it.
ΚΠ
1879 W. Thomson & P. G. Tait Treat. Nat. Philos. (new ed.) I: Pt. i. §379 The oscillations of a magnetized needle about its position of equilibrium are ‘damped’ by placing a plate of copper below it.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XX. 348/1 This needle..must be so damped that when the current is cut off it returns to zero at once without over~shooting the mark.
†2. To stifle (the faculties) with noxious ‘fumes’; to stupefy, benumb, daze. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > make emotionally unfeeling [verb (transitive)] > deaden or dull the emotions
stupefy?a1425
dullc1440
benumbc1485
slumber?1533
extinguish1540
extinct1542
numb1561
damp1570
hebetate1574
daunt1581
frostbite1593
hebete1597
blunt1600
unedgea1625
engross1626
astonish1635
consopite1647
bate1649
opiate1650
blura1653
hebescate1657
torpefy1808
dozena1810
dullify1838
hebetize1845
chloroform1849
narcotize1852
sodden1863
vastate1892
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > dull (the senses) [verb (transitive)] > stupefy
swevec725
amazeOE
mazec1390
dazea1400
fordulla1400
stupefy?a1425
dullc1440
entrance1569
damp1570
daunt1581
stupefact1583
trance1597
astound1600
mulla1616
doze1617
soporate1623
consopite1647
obstupefying1660
dozzlea1670
infatuate1712
smoor1718
silly1859
maizel1869
zombify1950
1570 J. Dee in H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. Math. Præf. sig. ☞ The fantasies of those hearers, were dampt.
1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (ii. 20) 1040 The lusts of the flesh, like the vapours of a replete stomach rising up and damping the braine.
1717 R. Bentley Serm. before King George 8 We may..damp or stifle them [sc. our Faculties] by Sloth and Neglect.
1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 5 a The Understanding can never be clear, the Spirits being dampt and stupify'd.
3. To deaden to restrain the ardour or energy of; to depress, deject, discourage, check.
a. persons, their spirits, zeal, hopes, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > make dejected [verb (transitive)]
drearya1300
discomfortc1325
batec1380
to cast downa1382
to throw downa1382
dullc1386
faintc1386
discomfita1425
discourage1436
sinkc1440
mischeera1450
discheerc1454
amatea1500
bedowa1522
damp1548
quail1548
dash1550
exanimate1552
afflict1561
dank1565
disanimate1565
sadden1565
languish1566
deject1581
dumpc1585
unheart1593
mope1596
chill1597
sour1600
disgallant1601
disheart1603
dishearten1606
fainten1620
depress1624
sullen1628
tristitiate1628
disliven1631
dampen1633
weigh1640
out-spirit1643
dispirit1647
flat1649
funeralize1654
hearta1658
disencourage1659
attrist1680
flatten1683
dismalizec1735
blue-devil1812
out-heart1845
downweigh1851
to get down1861
frigidize1868
languor1891
downcast1914
neg1987
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. iii. (R.) That..they that were puffed vp before..should bee damped, and be brought lowe.
1654 J. Trapp Comm. Job xiii. 15 As that woman of Canaan..who would not be damped or discouraged with Christs..silence.
1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 24 Nor shall their scorne spoyle good purposes, by damping my resolutions.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson i. i. 11 Our hopes of a speedy departure were even now somewhat damped.
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. v. 46 This is the way you always damp my girls and me when we are in Spirits.
1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel I. 166 Sorrow damps my lays.
1876 J. H. Newman Hist. Sketches II. ii. ii. 242 How little his personal troubles had damped his evangelical zeal.
1887 W. P. Frith Autobiogr. I. xxiii. 329 Damped by the indifference of my artist-friends.
b. actions, projects, trade, etc. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hinder [verb (transitive)]
letc888
shrenchc897
forstanda1000
amarOE
disturbc1290
impeachc1380
stopc1380
withstandc1385
hinder1413
accloy1422
hindc1426
to hold abackc1440
appeachc1460
impeditec1535
inhibit1535
obstacle1538
damp1548
trip1548
embarrass1578
dam1582
to clip the wings ofa1593
unhelp1598
uppen1600
straiten1607
rub1608
impediment1610
impedea1616
to put out1616
to put off1631
scote1642
obstruct1645
incommodiate1650
offend1651
sufflaminate1656
hindrance1664
disassist1671
clog1679
muzzle1706
squeeze1804
to take the wind out of the sails of1822
throttle1825
block1844
overslaugh1853
snag1863
gum1901
slow-walk1965
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xvi. (R.) To dampe ye taunting mockes of such persones.
1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 75 To stop and dampe Informations upon Penall Lawes, by procuring Informations by collusion.
1689 C. Mather in Andros Tracts (1869) II. 13 The Courses immediately taken to damp and spoyl our Trade.
1787 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) II. 89 To damp that freedom of communication which the resolution of Congress..was intended to re-establish.
1832 J. Austin Province Jurispr. vi. 320 If they think..that a political institution damps production and accumulation.
†4. To envelop in fog or mist; also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > mist > [verb (transitive)]
bemist1609
dampa1631
gauze1876
a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1958) IX. 116 If my religion did enwrap me in a continuall cloud, damp me in a continuall vapour, smoke me in a continuall sourenesse.
5.
a. To make moist or humid, to wet as steam, vapour, mist, or dew does; to moisten.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > make slightly wet [verb (transitive)]
aliec1330
humidatec1540
bemoist1567
bemoisten1590
rigate1657
damp1671
deg1673
moistify1786
dampen1827
baste1897
1671 R. Bohun Disc. Wind 14 They [winds from South] damp innen and paper, though never so carefully guarded from the Air.
1774 W. Buchan Domest. Med. (ed. 3) xi. 139 That baneful custom said to be practised in many inns, of damping sheets, and pressing them in order to save washing.
a1864 N. Hawthorne Amer. Note-bks. (1879) I. 180 The dew damped the road.
1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 648 The paper used in printing is always damped before being sent to the press, wet paper taking the ink considerably better than dry.
b. reflexive. To take a drink, ‘wet one's whistle’. slang.
ΚΠ
1862 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 2nd Ser. ii. i. 62 A tent..Where you could go, ef you wuz dry, an' damp ye in a minute.
6. Horticulture. to damp off (intr.): Of plants: To rot or go off from damp; to fog off.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by poor growth > wither [verb (intransitive)] > root-fall or damp off
to fog off1802
root-fall1804
to damp off1846
1846 J. W. Loudon Gardening for Ladies 90 Cuttings when thus treated are very apt to damp off.
1881 Gardeners' Chron. 16 690 See that none of the spikes touch the glass or they may speedily damp off.

Derivatives

damped adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > absence of movement > [adjective] > coming to rest > damping or damped of oscillations
damped1877
damping1928
1877 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 5th Ser. 3 482 The measurement of a resistance according to Weber's method of ‘damped vibrations’.
1922 R. Glazebrook Dict. Appl. Physics II. 1040/2 The above methods of detection are appropriate for the reception of damped wave signals but not for continuous wave signals.
1929 E. Mallett Telegr. & Telephony xii. 320 The discharge current is oscillatory and of the ‘damped wave’ form.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

> see also

also refers to : † damdampn.4
<
n.11480adj.1637v.1548
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