Daltonn.¹

/ˈdɔːltən/

Etymology: < the name of the high school (at Dalton, Massachusetts, U.S.A.) in which the educational plan was first adopted in 1920.

Used to designate an educational plan (devised by Miss Helen Parkhurst) which consists essentially in dividing up the year's work into monthly ‘assignments’ which the pupils contract to carry through (with certain preliminary aids) on their own responsibility and with their own discipline.

ΚΠ

1920 Times Educ. Suppl. 18 Nov. 605/4 Mr. Ernest Jackman, headmaster of the Dalton High School, writes:—I am glad to answer the questions of various English educators regarding Miss Parkhurst's plan, now to be renamed at her desire, ‘The Dalton Plan’.

1922 H. Parkhurst Educ. on Dalton Plan ii. 15 The Dalton Laboratory Plan provides that means by diverting his energy to the pursuit and organization of his own studies in his own way.

1922 H. Parkhurst Educ. on Dalton Plan iv. 40 Demonstrating the superiority of the Dalton Plan from the point of view of economy.

1924 A. J. Lynch Individual Work & Dalton Plan iii. 34 The teaching of arithmetic under the Dalton Plan.

1924 A. J. Lynch Individual Work & Dalton Plan vi. 124 He could find no fault with any other Dalton teacher.

1959 Chambers's Encycl. IV. 353/2 In a number of English schools, where a modified Dalton plan is still used, one finds a mixture of class-teaching and of individual assignments.

1964 New Society 13 Feb. 16/3 The period 1915–30 was a time for trying out experimental methods: Dalcroze eurythmics, the Winnetka technique, the project method, the Dalton Plan, the Junior Republics, the Montessori system.

Derivatives

ˈDaltonize v. (transitive) to manage or arrange by this educational method.

ΚΠ

1924 A. J. Lynch Individual Work & Dalton Plan iii. 31 Review provision is made for six laboratories or subject-rooms corresponding with the six subjects that are Daltonised.

1927 A. Huxley Proper Stud. 125 In a well-run Daltonized school the problem of discipline solves itself.

ˌDaltoniˈzation n.

ΚΠ

1927 A. Huxley Proper Stud. 117 The first step in the Daltonization of a school consists in the abolition of class rooms and the substitution of specialist rooms.

Dalˈtonian n.² an advocate of the method.

ΚΠ

1924 A. J. Lynch Individual Work & Dalton Plan iii. 47 Convinced Daltonians recognise at once that assignments are the heart and centre of the plan.

ˈDaltonism n.² the method itself.

ΚΠ

1927 A. Huxley Proper Stud. 133 These ancient seats of learning [sc. Oxford and Cambridge] were Daltonized long before Daltonism was invented.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online June 2020).

daltonn.²

/ˈdɔːltən/

Forms: Also Dalton.

Etymology: < the name of John Dalton (see Daltonian adj. and n.¹).

A name for the atomic mass unit (see atomic mass n. Compounds), used chiefly in Biochemistry; frequently used as a dimensionless unit of molecular weight.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > atomic chemistry > [noun] > atoms > atomic weight or mass > atomic mass unit

dalton1938

atomic mass unit1954

1938 C. M. Beadnell Dict. Sci. Terms 65/1 Dalton, mass unit, being the 1/16 of mass of O atom.

1967 New Scientist 27 Apr. 196/1 The size in molecular weight units was about five million daltons—in other words each molecule of DNA weighed as much as five million atoms of hydrogen.

1969 Nature 11 Oct. 150/1 All DNAs were sheared to a single-stranded molecular weight of about 400,000 Daltons by passage through a French pressure cell.

1970 Nature 28 Nov. 889/2 Thus it would be correct to write..‘the molecular mass of protein X is 250,000 [read 25,000] daltons’; or ‘the relative molecular mass (that is, molecular weight) of protein X is 25,000’... It would, however, be incorrect to say: ‘the molecular weight of protein X is 25,000 daltons’, for the dalton is a unit of mass, and molecular weight is dimensionless.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	dalton
释义	Daltonn.¹ /ˈdɔːltən/ Etymology: < the name of the high school (at Dalton, Massachusetts, U.S.A.) in which the educational plan was first adopted in 1920. Used to designate an educational plan (devised by Miss Helen Parkhurst) which consists essentially in dividing up the year's work into monthly ‘assignments’ which the pupils contract to carry through (with certain preliminary aids) on their own responsibility and with their own discipline. ΚΠ 1920 Times Educ. Suppl. 18 Nov. 605/4 Mr. Ernest Jackman, headmaster of the Dalton High School, writes:—I am glad to answer the questions of various English educators regarding Miss Parkhurst's plan, now to be renamed at her desire, ‘The Dalton Plan’. 1922 H. Parkhurst Educ. on Dalton Plan ii. 15 The Dalton Laboratory Plan provides that means by diverting his energy to the pursuit and organization of his own studies in his own way. 1922 H. Parkhurst Educ. on Dalton Plan iv. 40 Demonstrating the superiority of the Dalton Plan from the point of view of economy. 1924 A. J. Lynch Individual Work & Dalton Plan iii. 34 The teaching of arithmetic under the Dalton Plan. 1924 A. J. Lynch Individual Work & Dalton Plan vi. 124 He could find no fault with any other Dalton teacher. 1959 Chambers's Encycl. IV. 353/2 In a number of English schools, where a modified Dalton plan is still used, one finds a mixture of class-teaching and of individual assignments. 1964 New Society 13 Feb. 16/3 The period 1915–30 was a time for trying out experimental methods: Dalcroze eurythmics, the Winnetka technique, the project method, the Dalton Plan, the Junior Republics, the Montessori system. Derivatives ˈDaltonize v. (transitive) to manage or arrange by this educational method. ΚΠ 1924 A. J. Lynch Individual Work & Dalton Plan iii. 31 Review provision is made for six laboratories or subject-rooms corresponding with the six subjects that are Daltonised. 1927 A. Huxley Proper Stud. 125 In a well-run Daltonized school the problem of discipline solves itself. ˌDaltoniˈzation n. ΚΠ 1927 A. Huxley Proper Stud. 117 The first step in the Daltonization of a school consists in the abolition of class rooms and the substitution of specialist rooms. Dalˈtonian n.² an advocate of the method. ΚΠ 1924 A. J. Lynch Individual Work & Dalton Plan iii. 47 Convinced Daltonians recognise at once that assignments are the heart and centre of the plan. ˈDaltonism n.² the method itself. ΚΠ 1927 A. Huxley Proper Stud. 133 These ancient seats of learning [sc. Oxford and Cambridge] were Daltonized long before Daltonism was invented. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online June 2020). daltonn.² /ˈdɔːltən/ Forms: Also Dalton. Etymology: < the name of John Dalton (see Daltonian adj. and n.¹). A name for the atomic mass unit (see atomic mass n. Compounds), used chiefly in Biochemistry; frequently used as a dimensionless unit of molecular weight. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > atomic chemistry > [noun] > atoms > atomic weight or mass > atomic mass unit dalton1938 atomic mass unit1954 1938 C. M. Beadnell Dict. Sci. Terms 65/1 Dalton, mass unit, being the 1/16 of mass of O atom. 1967 New Scientist 27 Apr. 196/1 The size in molecular weight units was about five million daltons—in other words each molecule of DNA weighed as much as five million atoms of hydrogen. 1969 Nature 11 Oct. 150/1 All DNAs were sheared to a single-stranded molecular weight of about 400,000 Daltons by passage through a French pressure cell. 1970 Nature 28 Nov. 889/2 Thus it would be correct to write..‘the molecular mass of protein X is 250,000 [read 25,000] daltons’; or ‘the relative molecular mass (that is, molecular weight) of protein X is 25,000’... It would, however, be incorrect to say: ‘the molecular weight of protein X is 25,000 daltons’, for the dalton is a unit of mass, and molecular weight is dimensionless. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.¹1920n.²1938
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Daltonn.1

Derivatives

daltonn.2

Daltonn.¹

daltonn.²