单词 | alsatian |
释义 | Alsatianadj.n. A. adj. I. Senses relating to Alsace. 1. Of, belonging to, or characteristic of Alsace or its inhabitants. ΚΠ 1563 L. Humphrey Nobles or of Nobilitye ii. sig. mvi That troupe of Alsatian Gentlemen... Of whome in one day..the Bishops burnt an hundred. 1609 C. H. tr. J. Beringer Romane Conclave 133 Heereupon followed that wofull Alsatian de-population, whereof wee tolde you. 1729 Philos. Trans. 1727–8 (Royal Soc.) 35 514 A remarkable Piece of Fossil Ivory..in the Hands of..an Alsatian Nobleman. 1793 Sun 30 Oct. A numerous body of Alsatian Peasants cut off a detachment of National Guards, who were all cut to pieces without mercy. 1848 Chambers's Edinb. Jrnl. 26 Feb. 142/1 He..inquired..in a strong Alsatian dialect, ‘Can you tell me whereabouts Sebastian Leclerc lives?’ 1857 W. C. Bryant Let. 22 Dec. (1859) xxi. 232 A tall Alsatian soldier presented himself. 1870 Country Gentleman's Mag. Dec. 394/2 The Alsatian literature..would furnish curious proofs..[of] the taste which the population of this province had for rural life. 1920 E. O'Shaughnessy Alsace in Rust & Gold vi. 57 The classic Alsatian dish of sauerkraut decorated with boiled potatoes. 1945 Life 7 May 102/2 Lauren Bacall was born Betty Joan Perske... William Perske, her father, is Alsatian. 2012 Newsday (Nexis) 19 Apr. b16 Alsatian rieslings typically are drier and flintier than their more floral, fruitier German counterparts. 2. Originally British. Also with lower-case initial. Designating a German shepherd dog. Formerly frequently in Alsatian wolf dog, Alsatian wolfhound (see note at sense B. 3). ΚΠ 1917 A. Croxton Smith in Ladies' Field 12 May 416/3 The French or Alsatian sheepdogs, which are now becoming familiarised to us. 1919 Kennel Gaz. Aug. 150/1 Alsatian Wolf Dogs, now registered as Foreign Sheepdogs, must be re-registered on being transferred to the new register for Alsatian Wolf Dogs. 1922 R. Leighton Compl. Bk. Dog 119 The dogs lately introduced into Great Britain as the Alsatian Wolfdog and into the United States as the German sheepdog. 1945 Manch. Guardian 19 Nov. 6/6 The ‘woman with the dog’, alleged to have set her Alsatian wolfhound on prisoners at Belsen. 1982 S. Afr. Digest 8 Jan. 1 Mr..Wright's Alsatian bitch..has adopted this orphaned grysbokkie. 1999 J. Crace Being Dead (2000) xi. 89 It looked as if there ought to be guard turrets, land mines, Alsatian dogs and barbed tripwire. II. Senses relating to Alsatia in London. 3. Of, belonging to, or characteristic of Alsatia (Alsatia n. 1) in London, with allusion to its reputation as a sanctuary for debtors and criminals. ΚΠ 1688 T. Shadwell Squire of Alsatia Dram. Pers. sig. A4v French Valet de Chambre. An Indebted Alsatian Divine. 1724 E. Ward Contending Candidates 12 in Wandring Spy A huge Alsatian Throng March'd bellowing like Bulls along. 1793 G. Steevens Note on Henry V iv. iv, in Plays of Shakspeare IX. 442 I fear it is what Dr. Warburton calls..a White Friars' phrase, of Alsatian origin. 1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel II. vi. 131 The true Alsatian bully. 1882 W. Besant All Sorts of Men I. vii. 164 The road has come to be regarded with admiration as one of those Alsatian retreats, growing every day rarer, which are beyond and above the law. 1912 W. G. Bell Fleet St. in Seven Cent. xii. 247 The most notorious of these Fleet Street courts for evil associations was Ram Alley (now Hare Place), of which there is much to be said in its Alsatian days. 2002 S. Shesgreen Images of Outcast 206/1 Hogarth's Industry and Idleness, set in an Alsatian tavern, gives the flavour of the place. B. n. I. Senses relating to Alsace. 1. A native or inhabitant of Alsace. ΚΠ 1637 tr. J. Stella Bewayling of Peace of Germany v. 116 Divers other States of the Empire; as..the Palatines, the Alsatians, and the Westrasians. 1685 E. Browne Brief Acct. Trav. Europe (ed. 2) 139 Suevians, Alsatians, Franconians, Hassians..[and] all the Provinces to the South-west. 1724 Hist. Reg. No. 36. 282 The Court of France thought fit to remove the Uneasiness of the Alsatians. 1782 Young Philosopher I. xxv. 175 The same sun sheds his benign influence upon the Indian as well as the Alsatian. 1817 Morning Chron. 6 Sept. 2/5 The Flemings, the Silesians, the Alsatians, and the inhabitants of Lombardy, are distinguished among the people of Europe for their industry. 1885 tr. J. Claretie in J. Aron Alsace-Lorraine 91 Thenceforth every Alsatian felt bound to the tricolored flag that had brought..emancipation and progress. 1900 J. Conrad Lord Jim xix. 183 Schomberg, the keeper of the hotel where he boarded, a hirsute Alsatian of manly bearing. 1983 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 2 Nov. c1 An Alsatian, Frederic Auguste Bartholdi of Colmar, was the sculptor of the Statue of Liberty. 2002 R. Steele When in France, do as French Do 152/1 Among the most fervent supporters of decentralization are Bretons, Basques, Occitans, Alsatians, [etc.]. 2. The German dialect spoken in Alsace, closely related to Swiss German.The official language in Alsace is French. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > German > varieties of High Dutch1560 High German1652 Swabian?1743 Alsatian1826 Varangian1831 Pennsylvania Dutch1848 Viennese1849 Pennsylvania German1853 Frankish1863 Tyroler1887 Limburger1932 1826 J. G. Percival Appendix: Varieties Human Race 4 in ‘J. Goldsmith’ Geogr. View World (1st U.S. ed.) The Alemannic or Western, including the following principal dialects; Swiss, Grison, Alsatian, Swabian, [etc.]. 1835 W. Beckford Recoll. Alcobaça & Batalha 95 In came Dr. Ehrhart..talking to himself, as he was often wont, in the purest Alsatian. 1918 Collier's 5 Oct. 12/3 They..generally spoke Alsatian. She, however, spoke French too, and German. 1984 United Press Internat. (Nexis) 16 Oct. (Travel section) Unlike other regional languages like..Occitan and Provencal that owe their slender survival to devoted folk groups, Alsatian is alive and thriving. 2000 S. Fallon & M. Rothschild World Food: France (Lonely Planet Guide) 137 Alsace (Illsass in Alsatian) is heavily influenced by Germany and German culture. 3. Originally British. Also with lower-case initial. A German shepherd dog.The breed was first registered by the U.K. Kennel Club in 1919 as the Alsatian Wolf Dog (subsequently shortened to Alsatian), the name being adopted to avoid the negative associations of German shepherd in the period following the First World War (1914–18). In 1977 the formal breed name was changed to German Shepherd Dog (Alsatian), with (Alsatian) being dropped in 2010. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > sheepdog > [noun] > German shepherd police dog1836 German shepherd1852 Alsatian1920 German sheepdog1922 shepherd1938 1920 Times 7 Jan. 5/4 To-day it is about as easy to buy an Alsatian as to rent a house or a flat in London. 1922 R. Leighton Compl. Bk. Dog 120 The Alsatian was known in England before the war. 1971 U. K. Le Guin Lathe of Heaven (1973) vii. 92 Packs of huge status-symbol dogs—Afghans, Alsatians, Great Danes—running wild across the lawns. 1985 R. G. Barrett You wouldn't be Dead for Quids (1986) 115 Mr Poltavaris has come out of his front gate with that great big alsatian of his, King, on a lead. 1997 J. Brook in S. Champion Disco Biscuits 127 All he needed were a few bouncers with Alsatians to break up the knife fights. 2011 Scotl. on Sunday (Nexis) 1 May 6 Christopher Plummer is the voice of writer JR Ackerley, who finds long-time companionship when he takes in an alsatian. II. Senses relating to Alsatia in London. 4. An inhabitant of Alsatia (Alsatia n. 1) in London; a criminal. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > crime > a criminal or law-breaker > other types of criminal felon1297 misdemeanor1533 misfeasor1631 Alsatian1688 cosh-man1869 strong arm1893 street man1904 war criminal1906 Raffles1907 lone wolf1909 muscle man1929 single-o1930 hot rod1936 cosh1937 muscle boy1940 muscle1942 cosh-boy1953 cosh-bandit1954 slag1955 frightener1962 scammer1972 shonk1981 bail bandit1991 society > trade and finance > management of money > insolvency > indebtedness > [noun] > debtor > other types of debtor bankrupt1533 mortgager1607 Alsatian1688 Minter1699 abbey laird1700 judgment debtor1749 peon1826 poor debtor1831 overdrawer1906 zombie1985 1688 T. Shadwell Squire of Alsatia Dram. Pers. sig. A4v A cowardly, impudent, blustring fellow..retreating into White-fryers for a very small debt; where, by the Alsatians he is dubb'd a Captain. 1691 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) II. 259 The benchers of the Inner Temple, having given orders for bricking up their little gate leading into Whitefryers..the Alsatians came and pull'd it down. 1712 W. Darrell Gentleman Instructed: 3rd Pt. iii. 42 Here he struck up with Sharpers, Scowrers, and Alsatians. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xxii. 775 At length, in 1697, a bill for abolishing the franchises of these places..received the royal assent. The Alsatians and Savoyards were furious. 1860 Cornhill Mag. Feb. 190 Many Alsatians take refuge in the Southwark Mint. 1919 Baroness Orczy Majesty's Well-beloved iii. 63 Men, Women and Boys who, though of a rough and turbulent Character, could in no way be confounded with the law-breaking Alsatians. 1986 T. B. Leinwand City Staged iii. 45 The Alsatians, the debtors and prostitutes within the Whitefriars precinct. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.n.1563 |
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