alkanen.

Brit.

/ˈalkeɪn/, U.S.

/ˈælˌkeɪn/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: alkyl n., -ane suffix².

Etymology: < alk- (in alkyl n.) + -ane suffix², after German Alkan (1897 in the passage translated in quot. 1899). Compare alkene n., alkyne n.

Chemistry.

Any of the series of saturated hydrocarbons having the general formula C_nH_{2n + 2}; (more widely) any open-chain or cyclic hydrocarbon with only single bonds between carbon atoms. Cf. paraffin n. 3.The first four members of the alkane series, CH₄ (methane), C₂H₆ (ethane), C₃H₈ (propane), and C₄H₁₀ (butane), are gases at ordinary temperatures; heavier, more complex alkanes (as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, etc.) are oily liquids or waxy solids.

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the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > alkanes

paraffin1866

alkane1899

1899 E. F. Smith tr. V. von Richter Org. Chem. (ed. 3) I. i. 79 Saturated or limit hydrocarbons, paraffins, alkanes [Ger. Alkane].

1945 Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 48 319 When chlorine reacts with a paraffin hydrocarbon, chlorine atoms are substituted for hydrogen atoms in the alkane.

1972 Science 17 Mar. 1239/3 The major constituents of the wax are alkanes, alcohols and acids.

1977 J. March Adv. Org. Chem. (ed. 2) xiv. 650 Not only does the reaction produce mixtures of the mono-, di-, and polynitrated alkanes at every combination of positions, but extensive chain cleavage occurs.

2000 M. Clugston & R. Flemming Adv. Chem. xxii. 403 Only radicals..are sufficiently reactive to break these bonds and force alkanes to undergo reaction.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	alkane
释义	alkanen. Brit. /ˈalkeɪn/, U.S. /ˈælˌkeɪn/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: alkyl n., -ane suffix². Etymology: < alk- (in alkyl n.) + -ane suffix², after German Alkan (1897 in the passage translated in quot. 1899). Compare alkene n., alkyne n. Chemistry. Any of the series of saturated hydrocarbons having the general formula C_nH_{2n + 2}; (more widely) any open-chain or cyclic hydrocarbon with only single bonds between carbon atoms. Cf. paraffin n. 3.The first four members of the alkane series, CH₄ (methane), C₂H₆ (ethane), C₃H₈ (propane), and C₄H₁₀ (butane), are gases at ordinary temperatures; heavier, more complex alkanes (as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, etc.) are oily liquids or waxy solids. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > alkanes paraffin1866 alkane1899 1899 E. F. Smith tr. V. von Richter Org. Chem. (ed. 3) I. i. 79 Saturated or limit hydrocarbons, paraffins, alkanes [Ger. Alkane]. 1945 Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 48 319 When chlorine reacts with a paraffin hydrocarbon, chlorine atoms are substituted for hydrogen atoms in the alkane. 1972 Science 17 Mar. 1239/3 The major constituents of the wax are alkanes, alcohols and acids. 1977 J. March Adv. Org. Chem. (ed. 2) xiv. 650 Not only does the reaction produce mixtures of the mono-, di-, and polynitrated alkanes at every combination of positions, but extensive chain cleavage occurs. 2000 M. Clugston & R. Flemming Adv. Chem. xxii. 403 Only radicals..are sufficiently reactive to break these bonds and force alkanes to undergo reaction. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1899
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