Czechn.adj.

Brit.

/tʃɛk/, U.S.

/tʃɛk/

Forms:

α. 1700s–1900s Tschech, 1800s Chechi (plural, rare), 1800s Tschechi (plural, rare), 1800s Tscheh, 1800s Tscheque, 1800s Tshech, 1800s Tshekh, 1800s–1900s Tschekh, 1800s–1900s Tsech, 1800s–1900s Tsekh, 1800s– Chech, 1800s– Chekh.

β. 1800s Czechi (plural, rare), 1800s– Czech, 1800s– Czek, 1800s– Czekh.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from German. Partly a borrowing from Czech. Etymons: German Tscheche; Czech Čech.

Etymology: < (i) German Tscheche (17th cent. or earlier), and (ii) its etymon Czech Čech, self-designation (14th cent. in Old Czech; plural Češi, (inanimate) Čechy); further etymology unknown.It is uncertain whether the following earlier instance should be interpreted as showing the post-classical Latin or English word:1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 23 They that nominated themselves after their owne language Teutsch, Numidians and Hellenes, by the Romanes were named Germans, Mauri and Grecians. Even so in these daies..they which in their owne Idiome are called Muselmans, Magier, Czecchi and Besermans [L. Muselmanni, Magier, Czechi, Besermanni], are by all nations in Europe named Turkes, Hungarians, Bohemians, and Tartarians. With use as adjective compare an isolated earlier use as adjective of Chechi < either Czech Čechy (plural noun; also used as a name of the country: see Czechian n.) or perhaps post-classical Latin Czechi (plural noun; see below):1759 Mod. Part Universal Hist. XII. xv. vii. 127 Being joined by the Chechi (or Bohemian), Pole, Latin, and Bulgarian, Valak Ogli's auxiliaries, he leads them into the Musulmȃn dominions.With the β. forms compare Old Czech Czech, the usual form in the 15th cent. This was later replaced by Čech in Czech orthography, but the digraph cz was often retained in post-classical Latin Czechi (alongside Zechi; both plural, second half of the 16th cent. or earlier), perhaps partly under the influence of Polish Czech (plural Czesi). N.E.D. (1893) gives the pronunciation as (tʃeχ)

/tʃɛx/.

A. n.

1. Originally: a native or inhabitant of Bohemia, a region in central Europe now forming the westernmost part of the Czech Republic, or (more broadly) of the ‘Czech lands’ collectively (see note). Subsequently also: (since 1918) a native or inhabitant of Czechoslovakia, a Czechoslovak (now historical); (since 1993) a native or inhabitant of the Czech Republic.The ‘Czech lands’, consisting of the historical regions of Bohemia, Moravia, and part of southern Silesia, were part of the Austrian Empire until 1918, and part of Czechoslovakia between 1918 and 1992 (see also note at Czechoslovak adj.), until in 1993 Czechoslovakia separated into two independent republics: the Czech Republic (which substantially corresponds geographically to the historical ‘Czech lands’) and Slovakia (see Slovak n. 1). Cf. Bohemian n. 1a, Czechoslovakian n., Moravian n.¹ 1, Silesian n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of Bohemia or Czech Republic > [noun]

Bohemian1548

Czechian1625

Czech1786

Czechoslovak1916

Czechoslovakian1919

1786 tr. J. R. Forster Hist. Voy. & Discov. North iii. vii. 474 There are also some names of these tribes which are original; as for example, the Sorbs, or Serbs, the Tschechs [Ger. Tschechen], or Bohemians.

1816 R. Pinkerton Let. 28 Aug. in 13th Rep. Brit. & Foreign Bible Soc. (1817) 91 The only Slavonian stems which remain to be mentioned, are, the Bohemians and Wends: the former in Bohemia, Moravia, and Hungary, under the names of Tschehs and Slovaks.

1866 C. Engel Introd. Study National Music vii. 265 The national dances of the Czechs.

1919 tr. T. Masaryk in Washington Post 5 Jan. iii. 2/6 Be assured that Germans in our newly founded state shall enjoy complete equality with Czechs.

1938 Times 4 Oct. 7/1 Guarantees to the Czechs... His Majesty's Government would be prepared..to join in an international guarantee of the new boundaries of Czechoslovakia.

1957 Encycl. Brit. VI. 951/2 The native home of the Czechs today lies in the Czechoslovak republic..in the western parts of which..they are the dominating and almost the sole population.

1993 National Geographic Traveler May 80/1 Of all the peoples of old Mitteleuropa, none, they say, have learned the new ways of commerce as quickly as the Czechs.

2018 Irish Times 26 Jan. 9/1 Many Czechs abandoned ‘establishment’ parties in parliamentary elections last October.

2. The West Slavonic language of the Czechs. In later use sometimes also: this language regarded together with Slovak as a single language spoken in Czechoslovakia (now historical).Czech is closely related to Slovak and the two languages are mutually intelligible.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavonic > Lechitic > Czech

Bohemian?1608

Czech1859

Czechoslovakian1924

1859 New Amer. Cycl. II. 389/1 58 are printed in the German language, 5 in Czech (the Bohemian dialect), 2 in Servian, [etc.].

1879 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 701/2 Czech, or Tsekh, is the national language of Bohemia, and is also largely spoken in Moravia and north-western Hungary.

1915 Bull. Amer. Geogr. Soc. 47 423 A transition zone between Czech and Polish exists here and is characterized by a local dialect of mixed language.

1934 D. Round tr. K. Capek President Masaryk Tells his Story 114 My Czech was very rough and bristling with Russianisms.

2010 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 11 Mar. 37/3 By the later 1980s I had acquired a passive competence in Czech.

B. adj.

Designating or relating to the Czechs or their language; of, relating to, or originating in the Czech Republic or the historical ‘Czech lands’, or (more specifically) Bohemia, or (now historical) Czechoslovakia.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavic > Lechitic > Czech

Bohemish1546

Bohemic1640

Bohemian1650

Czech1817

Czechish1830

Czechian1837

Czechic1854

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of Bohemia or Czech Republic > [adjective]

Bohemish1546

Bohemian1574

Bohemic1640

Czechish1830

Czechian1837

Czechoslovak1915

Czechoslovakian1918

Czech1992

1817 Literary Panorama Sept. 961 The Slavian Literature, or the Czech, supports itself vigorously, especially in Bohemia.

1852 R. G. Latham Ethnol. Europe 241 Both populations are Tshekh speaking the Tshekh language.

1938 H. Channon Diary 13 Sept. (2021) I. 923 The French say they will march if an inch of Czech territory is violated.

1992 Economist 7 Mar. 90/3 Before..1989, many Czech motorists preferred to drive a Russian Lada than to travel in a home-made Skoda.

2013 Herald-Times (Bloomington, Indiana) 15 May e1/3 Becherovka.., a popular Czech liquor.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	czech
释义	Czechn.adj. Brit. /tʃɛk/, U.S. /tʃɛk/ Forms: α. 1700s–1900s Tschech, 1800s Chechi (plural, rare), 1800s Tschechi (plural, rare), 1800s Tscheh, 1800s Tscheque, 1800s Tshech, 1800s Tshekh, 1800s–1900s Tschekh, 1800s–1900s Tsech, 1800s–1900s Tsekh, 1800s– Chech, 1800s– Chekh. β. 1800s Czechi (plural, rare), 1800s– Czech, 1800s– Czek, 1800s– Czekh. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from German. Partly a borrowing from Czech. Etymons: German Tscheche; Czech Čech. Etymology: < (i) German Tscheche (17th cent. or earlier), and (ii) its etymon Czech Čech, self-designation (14th cent. in Old Czech; plural Češi, (inanimate) Čechy); further etymology unknown.It is uncertain whether the following earlier instance should be interpreted as showing the post-classical Latin or English word:1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 23 They that nominated themselves after their owne language Teutsch, Numidians and Hellenes, by the Romanes were named Germans, Mauri and Grecians. Even so in these daies..they which in their owne Idiome are called Muselmans, Magier, Czecchi and Besermans [L. Muselmanni, Magier, Czechi, Besermanni], are by all nations in Europe named Turkes, Hungarians, Bohemians, and Tartarians. With use as adjective compare an isolated earlier use as adjective of Chechi < either Czech Čechy (plural noun; also used as a name of the country: see Czechian n.) or perhaps post-classical Latin Czechi (plural noun; see below):1759 Mod. Part Universal Hist. XII. xv. vii. 127 Being joined by the Chechi (or Bohemian), Pole, Latin, and Bulgarian, Valak Ogli's auxiliaries, he leads them into the Musulmȃn dominions.With the β. forms compare Old Czech Czech, the usual form in the 15th cent. This was later replaced by Čech in Czech orthography, but the digraph cz was often retained in post-classical Latin Czechi (alongside Zechi; both plural, second half of the 16th cent. or earlier), perhaps partly under the influence of Polish Czech (plural Czesi). N.E.D. (1893) gives the pronunciation as (tʃeχ) /tʃɛx/. A. n. 1. Originally: a native or inhabitant of Bohemia, a region in central Europe now forming the westernmost part of the Czech Republic, or (more broadly) of the ‘Czech lands’ collectively (see note). Subsequently also: (since 1918) a native or inhabitant of Czechoslovakia, a Czechoslovak (now historical); (since 1993) a native or inhabitant of the Czech Republic.The ‘Czech lands’, consisting of the historical regions of Bohemia, Moravia, and part of southern Silesia, were part of the Austrian Empire until 1918, and part of Czechoslovakia between 1918 and 1992 (see also note at Czechoslovak adj.), until in 1993 Czechoslovakia separated into two independent republics: the Czech Republic (which substantially corresponds geographically to the historical ‘Czech lands’) and Slovakia (see Slovak n. 1). Cf. Bohemian n. 1a, Czechoslovakian n., Moravian n.¹ 1, Silesian n. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of Bohemia or Czech Republic > [noun] Bohemian1548 Czechian1625 Czech1786 Czechoslovak1916 Czechoslovakian1919 1786 tr. J. R. Forster Hist. Voy. & Discov. North iii. vii. 474 There are also some names of these tribes which are original; as for example, the Sorbs, or Serbs, the Tschechs [Ger. Tschechen], or Bohemians. 1816 R. Pinkerton Let. 28 Aug. in 13th Rep. Brit. & Foreign Bible Soc. (1817) 91 The only Slavonian stems which remain to be mentioned, are, the Bohemians and Wends: the former in Bohemia, Moravia, and Hungary, under the names of Tschehs and Slovaks. 1866 C. Engel Introd. Study National Music vii. 265 The national dances of the Czechs. 1919 tr. T. Masaryk in Washington Post 5 Jan. iii. 2/6 Be assured that Germans in our newly founded state shall enjoy complete equality with Czechs. 1938 Times 4 Oct. 7/1 Guarantees to the Czechs... His Majesty's Government would be prepared..to join in an international guarantee of the new boundaries of Czechoslovakia. 1957 Encycl. Brit. VI. 951/2 The native home of the Czechs today lies in the Czechoslovak republic..in the western parts of which..they are the dominating and almost the sole population. 1993 National Geographic Traveler May 80/1 Of all the peoples of old Mitteleuropa, none, they say, have learned the new ways of commerce as quickly as the Czechs. 2018 Irish Times 26 Jan. 9/1 Many Czechs abandoned ‘establishment’ parties in parliamentary elections last October. 2. The West Slavonic language of the Czechs. In later use sometimes also: this language regarded together with Slovak as a single language spoken in Czechoslovakia (now historical).Czech is closely related to Slovak and the two languages are mutually intelligible. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavonic > Lechitic > Czech Bohemian?1608 Czech1859 Czechoslovakian1924 1859 New Amer. Cycl. II. 389/1 58 are printed in the German language, 5 in Czech (the Bohemian dialect), 2 in Servian, [etc.]. 1879 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 701/2 Czech, or Tsekh, is the national language of Bohemia, and is also largely spoken in Moravia and north-western Hungary. 1915 Bull. Amer. Geogr. Soc. 47 423 A transition zone between Czech and Polish exists here and is characterized by a local dialect of mixed language. 1934 D. Round tr. K. Capek President Masaryk Tells his Story 114 My Czech was very rough and bristling with Russianisms. 2010 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 11 Mar. 37/3 By the later 1980s I had acquired a passive competence in Czech. B. adj. Designating or relating to the Czechs or their language; of, relating to, or originating in the Czech Republic or the historical ‘Czech lands’, or (more specifically) Bohemia, or (now historical) Czechoslovakia. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavic > Lechitic > Czech Bohemish1546 Bohemic1640 Bohemian1650 Czech1817 Czechish1830 Czechian1837 Czechic1854 the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of Bohemia or Czech Republic > [adjective] Bohemish1546 Bohemian1574 Bohemic1640 Czechish1830 Czechian1837 Czechoslovak1915 Czechoslovakian1918 Czech1992 1817 Literary Panorama Sept. 961 The Slavian Literature, or the Czech, supports itself vigorously, especially in Bohemia. 1852 R. G. Latham Ethnol. Europe 241 Both populations are Tshekh speaking the Tshekh language. 1938 H. Channon Diary 13 Sept. (2021) I. 923 The French say they will march if an inch of Czech territory is violated. 1992 Economist 7 Mar. 90/3 Before..1989, many Czech motorists preferred to drive a Russian Lada than to travel in a home-made Skoda. 2013 Herald-Times (Bloomington, Indiana) 15 May e1/3 Becherovka.., a popular Czech liquor. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.adj.1786
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