| 释义 |
acacian. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French acacie; Latin acacia. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman acaci, acasia, acasie, Anglo-Norman and Middle French acacie, Middle French acassia, accacia, achacie, Middle French, French †acace, French acacia medicinal preparation made from the juice of unripe plums or sloes (13th cent. in Anglo-Norman; this sense is not paralleled in continental French until later: 15th cent. as acacie), thorny shrub or tree growing in Africa, also its fruit (both 14th cent., earliest as acace, acacie, achace, achacie), gum arabic (1534 as acassia), any of various other leguminous trees (especially ones of the North American genus Robinia) which resemble the true acacias in some way (1534 as acassia) and its etymon classical Latin acacia acacia or gum arabic tree, gum of this tree, gum arabic < ancient Greek ἀκακία acacia or gum arabic tree, of uncertain origin; probably a loanword. Compare Old Occitan acacia (14th cent. in an isolated attestation), (with elision of the initial vowel) gacia, Spanish acacia denoting the tree (1490), (now regional: Argentina, Chile, Colombia) acacio (a1603), Italian acacia (beginning of the 14th cent. as †acazia denoting the medicinal preparation made from the juice of unripe sloes or plums (also 1499 as acacia in this sense), 1803 denoting the tree); also Dutch acacia, denoting the tree (1554 in Dodoens), German Akazie (second half of the 15th cent. as accacia and accatie, earliest denoting the medicinal preparation made from the juice of unripe sloes or plums).In form acasiam with Latin accusative singular ending. In β. forms aphetic < α. forms. the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > general plant-derived medicines a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 103 Wiþ byndinge medicines we byndeþ, as wiþ acacia. a1400 tr. Lanfranc (Ashm.) (1894) 220 (MED) Take galle, acacie..& make þerof a gargarism. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 176v (MED) Acacia is Juyse of grene plommez or prunez..it is repercussif strongly. ?c1450 in G. Müller (1929) 44 (MED) Take..acasiam, þat is jus of wod-slon. 1553 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI (new ed.) sig. k.v Take of Cassiafistula and of masticke of eche . ʒi. ypoquistidos, Acatia, spodium, Cubebes, Ana. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny II. xxiv. xii. 194 There is a kind of Thorne, whereof commeth Acacia..found in Ægypt. 1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in (rev. ed.) ii. xxxiii. 1116 His stomach must be fomented with Acacia or Hypocistis with wine. 1698 J. Pechey (ed. 5) 197 Take of Acatia, and Hypocistis, each one dram. 1702 R. Pitt 76 Acacia at nine Pence the Ounce, the Dose of it in restringent Pills or Boles, may be valued at half a Farthing. 1754 J. Hill 2 German Acacia is the Juice of unripe Sloes evaporated. 1816 W. Bingley III. xxiii. 291 The dried juice of the unripe fruit of Egyptian mimosa is called acacia, and is to this day much used in medicine by the Egyptians. 1842 W. Withers 170 Gum Arabic is now, in the Materia Medica of the London Pharmacopœia,..styled acacia gum. 1906 XVIII. 241/2 An astringent extract, called German acacia, prepared from it [sc. the sloe], was once much used as a substitute for gum arabic. 1920 51 278 The serum non-protein increase after the intravenous injection of a known amount of acacia or gelatin solution. 1990 Aug. 26/4 Recently..acacia gum has been recognized as spermatocidal in the presence of vaginal lactic acid. 2008 22 30/2 Acacia gum is traditionally utilised by African and Indian populations..to prevent and treat intestinal disorders. 2. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > acacia trees > [noun] 1542 T. Elyot at Spina Aegyptia By..Agricola supposed to be that, which of some apothecaries, is called Sucalia, or Bedegnar. alsoo that it is the tree whereof commeth the fruite callyd Acacia. 1543 B. Traheron Interpr. Straunge Wordes in tr. J. de Vigo sig. ζζ/1 Acacia is a thornie tree growyng in Egipt. 1665 R. Lovell (ed. 2) 61 Succiferous, or Juice yielding; as the Ammoniacktree Metopion. Acacia. Mannatree. 1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. I. 17 He raised several Acacias, which are very prickly. 1778 T. Jefferson (1999) 77 Bought two Aegyptian Acacias (Mimosa Nilotica). 1816 H. G. Knight (1830) Pref. 36 Tamarisk bushes, stunted acacia trees,..complete the produce of the choicest spots in the Deserts [of Arabia]. 1851 77 4573 The genus Acacia, as now restricted, still contains about 400 described species. 1912 W. H. Lang tr. (ed. 4) 618 Numerous species of the genus Acacia are distributed through the tropics and sub-tropics of the old and new worlds. 1913 22 Feb. 21/2 The underbrush was thick and composed principally of acacia shoots, on the wicked thorns of which Robert caught his clothes. 1981 E. Jolley (1987) iii. 29 The yellow-flowered acacias and other flowering trees made curtains between the graves. 2007 4 Nov. (T: Style Mag.) 60 Harvested from the acacia tree, the wattleseed can be eaten fresh or dried and milled into flour for bread. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > North American trees or shrubs > [noun] > locust-tree 1640 J. Parkinson ci. 1550 Pseudoacacia Americana Robini. Robinus his false Acacia of America. 1664 J. Evelyn xxv. 64 The French have lately brought in the Virginian Acacia, which exceedingly adorns their Walks. c1728 M. Catesby I. 43 Acacia. This tree I never saw but at the plantation of Mr. Waring on Ashley River, growing in shallow water. 1755 J. Bartram Let. 6 Mar. in (1992) 379 I thought ye 3 thorned acatia had been A native of virginia. 1793 M. J. Randolph Let. 16 May in T. Jefferson (1995) XXVI. 53 Your chess nuts are all alive but one and the acasia's all dead but one. 1816 P. B. Shelley 30 The ash and the acacia floating hang Tremulous and pale. 1850 S. F. Cooper 413 The pods of the Acacia, frequently called the Honey-locust, are handsome and very large. 1855 Ld. Tennyson Maud xxi. viii, in 70 The slender acacia would not shake One long milk-bloom on the tree. 1895 6 671 African Acacia (Cassia laevigata)..isn't African, and isn't an Acacia... It is sometimes known as ‘Laburnum.’ 1922 E. von Arnim (1989) 361 There were the lilies, as vigorous as ever,..and the syringa and the jessamine, and at last the crowning fragrance of the acacias. 1959 31 Jan. 9/4 The false acacia Robinia pseudacacia, the birch,..and the poplar, all support the exacting conditions that can be found in any town throughout Britain. 1967 V. Nabokov (1969) ii. 34 A pea-tree hedge (the ‘yellow acacia’ of northern Russia)..ran parallel to the enclosure. 2002 W. Glover i. 25 The acacia flowers grow in bunches like grapes and have a sweet vanilla aroma. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.a1398 |
