cross-comb. form
in combinations is used in many relations, substantive, adjective, adverbial, and prepositional (rarely verbal), sometimes difficult to separate, and in various senses. In some of these the combination is very loose, the use of the hyphen being almost optional.
This is especially so when cross is capable of being viewed as an adjective, in which construction the hyphen would not be used, e.g. cross road or cross-road, cross reference or cross-reference. As a rule, the use of the hyphen implies specialization of the combination, either usually, or in the particular instance in which it occurs.
1. General uses in combination.
a. From cross n.
(a) objective:
(i) with present participles, forming adjectives.
cross-adoring adj.
Π
1604 M. Drayton Owle sig. E3 The crosse-adoring Fowles.
cross-kissing adj.
Π
1728 J. Morgan Compl. Hist. Algiers I. v. 310 Cross-kissing Christians.
(ii) with verbal nouns, forming nouns, as cross-bearing.
(iii) with agent-nouns, as cross-adorer, cross-keeper; cross-bearer n.
Π
1637 N. Whiting Le Hore di Recreatione 16 The cross-adorers he, with crossing, catches.
1824 R. Southey Bk. of Church (1841) 243 Latimer was ..Cross-Keeper in the University.
(b) instrumental and locative, with participles, and adjectives forming adjectives, as cross-crowned, cross-marked; cross-fixed adj.
Π
1848 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 3) 206 A winged orb cross-crowned.
(c) attributive.
(i) Of or pertaining to the Cross or a cross, as cross-legend, cross-shaft, cross-side, cross-step, cross-worship; cross-cloth n. 1, cross-days n., cross-week n., etc.
Π
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 5744 Edward did smyte rounde peny, halfpeny, ferthyng... Þe kynges side salle be þe hede & his name writen; þe croyce side, what cite it was in coyned & smyten.
1827 J. Clare Shepherd's Cal. 75 Placed on the circling Cross-steps.
1889 Archaeologia Aeliana New Ser. 13 265 The Birtley cross-slab.
(ii) Of the shape, appearance, or nature of a cross; having a crossbar or transverse part; as crossbow n., cross-fish n., cross-garnet n., cross-stitch n., etc.
(iii) Marked or stamped with the figure of a cross, as †cross-back; cross-bun n., cross-dollar n., cross-fox n., etc.
Π
1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vii. ii. 285/1 [They] wore continually vpon their backes a red Crosse, whereby the name Crosse-backe, or in old English, Crouch-backe, was to them attributed.
b. From cross adj.
(a)
(i) gen. Having a transverse direction; transverse; going across something; as cross-arm, cross-band, cross-brace, cross-bracing, cross-gate, cross-pole, cross-rod, cross-strap; crossbar n., cross-beam n., cross-piece n., cross-sail n., etc.
Π
1760 Patrington Haven Act 13 Pass through the said turnpikes or cross gates.
1827 J. Farey Treat. Steam Engine 678 On the upper end of the piston rod..a horizontal cross-rod..is fixed.
1829 R. Southey Pilgrim to Compostella iii, in All for Love 171 Perch'd on a cross-pole hoisted high.
1845 J. H. Parker Gloss. Terms Archit. (ed. 4) I. 317 A variety of cross-braces above the tie-beams.
1849 J. Ruskin Seven Lamps Archit. ii. 38 Set as stays and cross-bands.
1853 W. J. Hickie tr. Aristophanes Comedies II. 409 The cross-straps pinch the little toe of my wife's foot.
1881 B. Jowett tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War I. 20 Strengthening the old ships with cross-timbers.
1884 F. F. Miller Harriet Martineau 148 She set up a cross-pole fence around her estate.
1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. Cross-arm.
1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Cross bracing.
1925 Bell Syst. Techn. Jrnl. 4 524 Individual wires mounted on separate insulators attached to cross-arms on poles.
1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 204/1 Counter-bracing, the provision of two diagonal tie-rods in the panels of a frame girder or other structure. Also called cross-bracing.
1964 Listener 11 June 950/1 Each pier of each ring is led back to the others by brick cross-bracing, making up as it were the spokes of a set of colossal wheels.
(ii) spec. Transverse to the direction in which the main or principal thing of the kind lies, and thus often a branch of it, or otherwise subordinate to it, as cross-barrel, cross-drain, cross-furrow, cross-lane, cross-lode, cross-passage, cross-timber, cross-trench, cross-turnpike, cross vein, cross-wall; cross-course n., cross-path n., cross-road n., cross-street n., cross-way n., etc.
Π
1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons *** iij With trenches, cross-trenches, gabions, and diverse other.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §120 As if you should make a Cross-barrel hollow, thorow the Barrel of a Piece.
1725 Manchester Rec. (U.S.) I. 165 Southerly by the Towns land cal'd the Pasonage land as the Cross wall now stands.
1758 E. M. da Costa in Philos. Trans. 1757 (Royal Soc.) 50 233 These cross-loads are generally filled with fragments of..minerals.
1825 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 12 Nov. 385 We did not take the cross-turnpike till we came to Whitchurch.
1834 Stephens in Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) I. 474 A drain must be carried along..with outlets to the cross-drains.
1908 Westm. Gaz. 1 Aug. 7/2 He attempted to run back, but the cross-wall was immediately behind him.
1926 F. W. Crofts Inspector French & Cheyne Myst. x. 134 They reached the cross-lane at Earlswood.
1951 Archit. Rev. 109 140/2 An uncompromising system of concrete cross-walls is used, based on a method of construction developed in Denmark during the war.
1958 C. Tomlinson Seeing is Believing (1960) 19 The wind eludes them Streaking its cross-lanes over the uneasy water.
(iii) Crossing or intersecting each other, as cross-hand, cross-reef; cross-bones n., cross keys n.
Π
1787 J. Wolcot Ode upon Ode in Wks. (1794) I. 401 Great in tattoo..and cross-hand roll.
1866 T. Howard Hist. Inglewood Reefs ix. 51 What is known as a cross reef, that is two reefs, the one intersecting the other.
1906 D. V. Allen in P. Galvin N.Z. Mining Handbook 54 At the intersection of cross-reefs carrying sulphides.
(b)
(i) Also said of things in motion or involving motion, as cross-current (also figurative and attributive), cross-ice, cross-traffic, cross-train; cross-post n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > [noun] > an opposing force or agent
counter-cast1596
cross-current1598
contre-carre1646
antagonist1647
antipolliges1652
counter-attractiona1763
counterforce1817
antagonism1821
combatant1880
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > current > [noun] > cross-current
cross-current1598
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Trauérsa,..a crosse currant of waters.
1823 W. Scoresby Jrnl. Voy. Northern Whale-fishery 469 Cross-ice, loose ice, affording a dubious and difficult passage to a ship.
1849 J. W. Carlyle Lett. II. 57 I had to wait..for the cross-train to Haddington.
1891 G. Meredith One of our Conquerors II. x. 254 It was a happy cross-current recollection.
1899 Morley in Westm. Gaz. 18 Jan. 5/1 There have been cross-currents, and it was impossible either inside the House of Commons or elsewhere that Sir William Harcourt could speak with the authority of a united party.
1899 Westm. Gaz. 26 Jan. 2/2 Cross-current politics.
1925 T. Dreiser Amer. Trag. (1926) I. xix. 140 Several precious moments were lost as the cross-traffic went by.
1948 T. Sharp Oxf. Replanned iv. 89 Two medieval streets which have also, in the absence of any other single cross-town route, to carry the whole of the cross-traffic of a city of 100,000 inhabitants.
1952 C. Day Lewis tr. Virgil Aeneid xi. 242 In the middle of these cross-currents, when partisan feeling had reached High pressure..the envoys returned.
(ii) With verbal nouns and nouns involving action: see 1c(d).
c. From cross adv.
(a) With verbs, forming compound verbs, meaning to do something
(i) across, or cross-wise, or in a direction or way traversing another, as cross-bond, cross-carve, cross-fetter, cross-pile, cross-swim, cross-tie; cross-cut n., cross-plough v., etc.
Π
1613 T. Milles tr. P. Mexia et al. Treasurie Auncient & Moderne Times 75/1 Although the Seas were very..tempestuous, yet he would Crosse-swim them, without any feare.
a1618 J. Sylvester tr. Battail of Yvry in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Diuine Weekes & Wks. (1621) 1098 And fiery-fierce, and stout, A hundred waies cross-carves the Field about.
1645 J. Bond Occasus Occidentalis 35 Hee doth fetter, and..crosse-fetter him.
1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy III. viii. 25 He tied and cross-tied them all fast together.
1862 S. Smiles Lives Engineers II. 429 These [stones] were to be carefully set by hand, with the broadest ends downwards, all crossbonded or jointed.
1878 Lumberman's Gaz. 25 Dec. 446 The amount of lumber now cross-piled on the several mill docks.
(ii) in a way that crosses recognized or ordinary lines of affinity, as cross-pollinate; cross-breed n., cross-couple v., cross-fertilize v.
Π
1920 Chambers's Jrnl. 13 Mar. 238/1 Budding and cross-pollenating.
(iii) in a way that crosses or traverses another action, as cross-examine v., cross-question v., etc.
(iv) so that two actions mutually cross each other, the one being the counterpart of the other, or done in return or reciprocation for the other, as cross-disguise, cross-invite, cross-petition.
Π
a1618 J. Sylvester Mottoes 329 The world and Death one day them cross-disguised To cosen Man.
a1734 R. North Lives of Norths II. 62 His lordship chose to be so far rude as not to cross invite, rather than bear the like consequences of such another intercourse.
1904 Westm. Gaz. 7 Dec. 7/2 The husband denied various acts described as cruelty by the wife, and cross-petitioned for judicial separation.
1923 Daily Mail 28 Feb. 5 Her husband..cross-petitions for the dissolution of his marriage.
(b) With present participles, or adjectives of this form, forming adjectives, as cross-flowing, cross-jingling, cross-pulling, cross-running.
ΘΠ
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > state of sea > [adjective] > cross
cross-running1637
cross1675
1637 J. Milton Comus 28 The flood That stay'd her flight with his crosse-flowing course.
1641 J. Milton Of Reformation 38 The fantastick, and declamatory flashes; the crosse-jingling periods which cannot but disturb, and come thwart a setl'd devotion.
1836 F. Marryat Pirate iv, in Pirate & Three Cutters 34 This gale and cross-running sea are rather too much for boats.
1879 C. Patmore Poems II. 103 Cross-pulling vices, tied Like Samson's foxes, by the tails.
(c) With present participles, or adjectives so formed, forming adjectives, as cross-batted (cf. cross adj. 1e), cross-fissured, cross-folded, cross-gagged, cross-laced, cross-latticed, cross-striped; cross-bred adj., cross-gartered adj., etc.Often approaching or passing into 1e.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > [adjective] > types of batting
cross-batted1577
steady1826
poking1836
free1851
wrist shot1851
fast-footed1853
wristy1867
stonewall1880
forcing1888
poky1888
firm-footed1907
back foot1936
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 23v The Harrowe, is an instrument crosse lettused, to breake the Cloddes.
1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 31 They would..stand crosse-gag'd, with kniues in their mouthes.
?1624 T. Scott Vox Dei 41 To sitt with our armes crosse-folded.
a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry V clxxvi, in Poems (1878) IV. 145 Clad..in cross-stript Motley.
1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. iv. 137 Scarlet stockings cross-laced with gold braid up to the knee.
1869 J. Phillips Vesuvius vii. 198 It was originally more cross-fissured than the other.
1955 K. R. Miller & R. S. Whitington Cricket Typhoon xii. 230 Caught at deep mid-on from a cross-batted swipe.
1955 Times 12 July 12/1 An astonishing cross batted slash through the covers.
1968 Listener 11 July 61/2 It is a passive, cross-batted reaction to the short ball from a fast bowler.
(d) With verbal nouns and nouns involving action, in the various senses found with the verb (see 1c(a)), as cross-alliteration, cross-peal, cross-planking, cross-striation, cross-stroke, cross-tabulation, cross-ventilation; cross-appeal, cross-association, cross-banter, cross-belief, cross-claim, cross-correspondence, cross-inquiry, cross-suit, cross-summons; cross-blow, cross-protection, cross-raiding, cross-resistance.Here cross- becomes practically equivalent to an adjective, though originating, as in 1c(a) – 1c(c), in the adverb.
ΘΠ
the world > matter > gas > air > fresh air > [noun] > supplying fresh air or ventilation > ventilation from opposite windows
cross-ventilation1684
1684 R. Howlett School Recreat. 91 There are two kinds of Changes, viz. Plain Changes, and Cross-peals..the second is called Cross, so are its methods cross and intricate.
1751 G. Lavington Enthusiasm Methodists & Papists: Pt. III 371 All the ridiculous Ceremonies of Puff, Cross-Puff, Impuff, and Expuff.
1819 Edinb. Rev. 32 124 That cross-play of selfishness and vanity.
1869 E. A. Parker Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 128 A thorough cross-ventilation by opposite windows.
1884 Law Rep.: Appeal Cases 9 571 Appeal and cross-appeal from a judgment of the Supreme Court.
1885 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 14 923 Cross-claims for damages could only be set up in different actions.
1890 J. Corbett Sir F. Drake ix. 124 It was no mere cross-raiding on which he was bent.
1892 J. C. Blomfield Hist. Heyford 4 A couple of trees were laid down, and a cross-planking fixed upon them.
1895 Daily News 10 June 5/4 A cross-inquiry officer.
1899 W. James Talks to Teachers x. 98 As cross-associations multiply and habits of familiarity and practice grow, the entire system of our objects of thought consolidates.
1911 W. F. Barrett Psychical Res. xv. 228 The new and noteworthy feature is what the investigators of the phenomena have called cross-correspondence.
1923 Daily Mail 28 Feb. 5 In this case there are cross-suits. One, by the wife.., her husband..cross-petitions for the dissolution of his marriage.
1926 J. S. Huxley Ess. Pop. Sci. xviii. 282 The histological character of the cells had changed, cross-striations arising in them.
1927 Daily Express 17 Aug. 7 I hope that I shall live to see the day when motorists will be able to take out cross-summonses against careless pedestrians.
1928 Daily Express 11 Sept. 5/5 The greetings and cross banter had the ring of complete enjoyment.
1934 R. C. Priebsch & W. E. Collinson German Lang. x. 375 Ingeniously adapting b, by a cross-stroke, e.g. geƀan..to designate the voiced labial spirant (v).
1938 R. Graves Coll. Poems p. xv I found the strictly matching consonantal sequences of Welsh bardic poetry too crabbed for English, but modified them to cross-alliteration.
1949 R. K. Merton Social Theory 15 Paradigms, by their very arrangement, suggest the systematic cross-tabulation of presumably significant concepts.
1951 L. E. H. Whitby & M. Hynes Med. Bacteriol. (ed. 5) xii. 195 Sera prepared against either organism will..afford cross-protection in mice.
1956 L. E. H. Whitby & M. Hynes Med. Bacteriol. (ed. 6) x. 135 Tetracycline Derivatives... Acquired resistance common, with cross-resistance to all members of group.
1961 Lancet 2 Sept. 521/1 Cross-resistance between different penicillins is not necessarily absolute.
d. From cross prep.
With object nouns, forming adjectives, with sense
(i) Crossing, across, as cross-channel (see 2), cross-river; cross-town adj. and adv., cross-country adj.
Π
1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 15 Feb. 12/1 The Greenwich Ferry Company..Cross-river communication for vehicular traffic.
(ii) Adverse to, as †cross-bliss; cross-course adj.
Π
1589 W. Warner Albions Eng. (new ed.) v. xxvii. 120 This crosse-blisse world of ours.
e. Parasynthetic derivatives.
(a) cross-handled; cross-shaped, having the shape of a cross; cross-headed adj., cross-hilted adj.
ΘΠ
the world > space > relative position > fact or condition of being transverse > intersection > [adjective] > crossing or crossed over each other > cross-shaped
decussated1658
decussative1658
cruciform1661
cross-shaped17..
crucial1706
decussate1825
cross-headed1866
ten-shaped1907
17.. Tollet On Shaks. The cross-shaped flower on the head of this figure.
1896 Daily News 15 June 7/1 The familiar cross-handled baskets of the fruit.
1912 T. Okey Introd. Art of Basket-making vii. 74 The basket is to be covered as well as cross-handled.
(b) cross-armed, cross fingered, having the arms, etc. crossed; cross-handed adj., cross-legged adj., etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > arm > [adjective] > positions of
cross-armed1601
acrostic1608
pleacheda1616
unbraced1629
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 304 With hand in hand, cross-fingered one between another.
1621 M. Wroth Countesse of Mountgomeries Urania 485 Then I..walked cross armed, sighed, cast vp mine eyes.
1670 R. Graham Angliæ Speculum Morale 83 Cross-arm'd Lovers.
1881 Daily News 8 Nov. 5/7 In the cross-armed and somewhat downcast attitude which he has assumed throughout the trial.
2. Special combinations (with quots. in alphabetical order).† cross-arrow n. Obsolete an arrow shot from a crossbow. † cross-bell n. Obsolete the bell rung at the Elevation of the Host. † cross-blow n. Obsolete a counter-blow; also a blow indirectly dealt.† cross-dagger n. Obsolete an obsolete coin. † cross-grinded adj. Obsolete cross-vaulted, having two arches or vaults intersecting each other.† cross-hack v. Obsolete to hack or cut with crossing lines.† cross-hacking n. Obsolete† cross-letter n. Obsolete a letter crossing the main routes, and carried by the cross-post. † cross-like adj. Obsolete like or resembling a cross. † cross-naming n. Obsolete metonymy.† cross-penny n. Obsolete a (silver) penny bearing a cross (cf. cross n. 19); a kreutzer.† cross-providence n. Obsolete an adverse dispensation or dealing of providence. † cross-work n. Obsolete transverse work; adverse action; †work with crosses.† cross-wounded adj. Obsolete pierced through with a wound.
cross-accent n. Music = syncopation n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > duration of notes > proportion of notes or rhythm > [noun] > syncopation
syncopation1597
syncope1653
cross-accent1934
1934 C. Lambert Music Ho! iii. 219 It is often suggested that jazz rhythm..ends by becoming monotonous through its being merely a series of irregular groupings and cross-accents over a steady and unyielding pulse.
1959 D. Cooke Lang. Music v. 265 Driving duple rhythm (with triplets in chaotic cross-accent).
1962 Listener 31 May 969/3 Cross-accents and polyrhythms frequently suggest a concerto-like opposition of the various instrumental sounds individually or in groups.
cross-action n. Law an action brought by the defendant against the plaintiff or a co-defendant in the same action: cf. cross-bill n.1
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > [noun] > a lawsuit > counter-action
reconvention1456
cross-action1868
1868 J. H. Blunt Reformation Church of Eng. I. 393 He had begun a cross action..against the clergyman.
cross-and-jostle n. applied to a race in which the riders cross each other's paths and jostle each other, getting to the winning-post as they like, by fair riding or foul; also figurative.
Π
1841 T. P. Thompson Let. 20 Jan. in Exercises (1842) VI. 52 And because there would be no use in two thousand men agreeing to die upon half the food that can keep soul and body together, they either toss up for it or play a cross-and-jostle match.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > crossbow bolt > [noun]
bolta1000
quarrela1250
arbalestrec1300
vire1390
matrassc1450
viretonc1500
matrass1591
quarry1600
cross-arrow1619
1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher King & No King ii. C4 I was run twice through the bodie, and shot ith head with a crosse arrow.
cross-axle n. (see quot.).
Π
1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Cross-axle, 1. a shaft, windlass, or roller worked by opposite levers; as the copper-plate printing-press, etc.; 2. (Railroad Engineering) a driving-axle with cranks set at an angle of 90° with each other.
cross-banded adj. Carpentry see quot.
ΚΠ
1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 959 s.v. Handrailing..is said to be cross-banded, when a x is laid upon its upper side, with the grain of the wood crossing that of the rail, and the extension of the veneer in the direction of its fibres is less than the breadth of the rail.
Categories »
cross-bedding n. Geology apparent lines of stratification crossing the real ones, false bedding.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > implement (general) > bell > [noun] > rung before or during mass
sacring-bell1395
sacry bellc1430
mass bella1450
cross-bella1500
a1500 in T. F. Simmons Lay Folks Mass Bk. (1879) 150 And whan he ryngythe the cros-belle, Pray than for a nothyr skylle.
cross-belt n. originally a belt worn over both shoulders, and crossing in front of the breast; also, in later use, a single belt passing obliquely across the breast.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > belt or sash > types of > worn across breast
baldricc1300
breast-bundlea1382
breast girdlea1425
bandoleera1577
vandaliroa1660
shoulder belt1668
vitta1726
cross-belt1797
shoulder-strap1870
1797 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) II. 416 It is recommended..that all [the seamen] should have canvas cross-belts.
1858 W. Ellis Three Visits Madagascar xiii. 372 The men wore the white cloth..round their loins, with cross-belts, and cartouche boxes over their naked shoulders.
cross-belted adj.
cross-birth n. a birth in which the child is presented in a position transverse to the uterus.
cross-bit n. = cross-piece n.
ΘΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > return blow or attack
countertailc1430
counterbuff?1578
countercuff1589
revie1589
cross-blow1590
counterblow1706
riposte1854
counterstroke1876
1590 ‘Pasquil’ First Pt. Pasquils Apol. sig. D3 Theyr crosse-blowe of Fellowe labourers, will not saue theyr ribbes, if they be no better Fencers.
1607 S. Hieron Worldlings Downfall in Wks. (1620) I. 449 A counter-buffe, or crosse-blow, to the plots..of carnall and worldly~wise men.
cross-break n. a break across a lode of ore or strata of rocks.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > discontinuity or unconformity > [noun] > fault > other types of fault
heave1802
reversed fault1852
reverse fault1865
step-fault1879
ring fracture1881
overfault1883
overlap fault1883
overthrust1883
trough fault1883
thrust1888
thrust-fault1889
offset1897
cross-fault1900
tear-fault1900
distributive fault1904
cross-break1909
slide1910
strike-slip fault1913
rift1921
splay fault1942
wrench fault1951
megashear1954
transform fault1965
transform1971
1909 Westm. Gaz. 30 Mar. 11/4 Low values caused by cross-breaks.
cross-catalogue v. to catalogue under a heading or division that crosses another; to cross-index.
ΘΠ
society > communication > indication > pointing out > point out [verb (transitive)] > cross-index
cross-catalogue1890
cross-index1892
cross-reference1902
1890 G. Saintsbury Ess. 17 [He] catalogues books as folio, quarto, octavo, and so forth, and then cross-catalogues them as law, physic, divinity and the rest.
1891 Athenæum 18 July 94/2 Librarians should therefore cross-catalogue..the work under these headings.
cross cause n. (a) a hindrance (Obsolete rare); (b) Law a cause in which each of the litigants has a suit against the other.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > [noun] > one who or that which hinders > a hindrance, impediment, or obstacle
hinderc1200
withsetting1340
obstaclec1385
traversea1393
mara1400
bayc1440
stoppagec1450
barrace1480
blocka1500
objecta1500
clog1526
stumbling-stone1526
bar1530
(to cast) a trump in (one's) way1548
stumbling-stock1548
hindrance1576
a log in one's way1579
crossbar1582
log1589
rub1589
threshold1600
scotch1601
dam1602
remora1604
obex1611
obstructiona1616
stumbling-blocka1616
fence1639
affront1642
retardance1645
stick1645
balk1660
obstruent1669
blockade1683
sprun1684
spoke1689
cross cause1696
uncomplaisance1707
barrier1712
obstruct1747
dike1770
abatis1808
underbrush1888
bunker1900
bump1909
sprag1914
hurdle1924
headwind1927
mudhole1933
monkey wrench1937
roadblock1945
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > [noun] > a case before court > terms for various kinds of cases
cross cause1696
cause célèbre1763
business case1826
test case1894
prima facie case1895
paternity case1909
1696 J. Sergeant Method to Sci. iii. viii. 323 Multitudes of Cross-causes may intervene, hindering that Effect from following.
1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. xxvii. 451 When there are cross causes, on a cross bill filed by the defendant against the plaintiff in the original cause, they are generally contrived to be brought on together, that the same hearing and the same decree may serve for both of them.
cross-channel adj. passing or situated across the (English or other) channel.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > [adjective] > crossing channel
cross-channel1891
the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > channel > [adjective] > across the English Channel
cross-channel1891
trans-channel1894
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > British Isles > England > [adjective] > situated across the Channel
cross-channel1891
1891 Sc. Leader 12 Dec. 4 Heavy weather was experienced by the cross-channel steamers.
1892 Daily News 8 Oct. 7/4 Belfast..White linens for home and cross-Channel markets.
cross-chock n. (see quot.).
Π
1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. Cross-chocks (Mar.)..pieces of timber fayed across the dead-wood in midships, to make good the deficiency of the lower heels of the futtock.
cross-colouring n. Geology colour-markings in strata caused by the introduction of extraneous matter by the action of water.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > mark on feature or surface > [noun]
seamc1330
footprint1552
stringa1728
wrinklea1807
ripple mark1831
ripple1838
grooving1846
wave-mark1863
sand-scratch1871
chatter-mark1888
cross-colouring1901
wave-marking1903
1901 Science 31 May 869/2 I scarcely dare assert that it might not be secondary cross-coloring.
cross-correlation n. a correlation between two distinct series of measurements, events, etc., ordered in time or space.
ΘΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > correlation > [noun] > types of correlation
cross-correlation1920
autocorrelation1933
many–oneness1966
1920 H. E. Howard Territory in Bird Life iv. 133 Here we have a direct relationship..which at first sight appears to be exclusive of cross-correlation.
1965 Math. in Biol. & Med. (Med. Res. Council) i. 37 The computer is being used to apply the mathematical techniques of autocorrelation and cross-correlation to the interpretation of the EEG in the treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy.
1970 Nature 26 Dec. 1299/1 A simple check for the effects of such coupling is to look for differences in the cross correlation between records from different aerials.
cross-correspondence n. Spiritualism (see quot. 1909).
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > the occult > spiritualism > [noun] > reception of message
cross-correspondence1904
1904 J. G. Piddington in Proc. Soc. Psychical Res. 1903–4 18 294 (heading) Cross-correspondences between the trance-utterances and script of Mrs. Thompson and those of other mediums.
1909 O. Lodge Survival of Man xii. 182 Cross-correspondence—that is, the reception of part of a message through one medium and part through another—is good evidence of one intelligence dominating both automatists.
1938 H. F. Saltmarsh (title) Evidence of personal survival from cross correspondences.
cross-court adj. of a stroke in tennis, rackets, etc.: hit diagonally across the court; so as v. transitive, to hit diagonally across the court.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > racket games > [adjective] > types of stroke
wristy1867
cross-court1915
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > racket games > play racket games [verb (transitive)] > type of play or stroke
retrieve1912
cross-court1915
1915 M. E. McLoughlin Tennis as I play It (1916) xi. 235 The net-man is in line with the angle of almost all cross-court shots.
1923 Daily Mail 30 June 11 He cross-courted both returns with his backhand.
1960 Times 10 June 18/6 He..hit his cross-court drive..to within inches of the line.
cross-cousin n. one of two cousins who are the children of a brother and a sister respectively; also attributive in cross-cousin marriage.
ΘΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > cousin > [noun] > child of father's sister or mother's brother
cross-cousin1889
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > types of marriage custom or practice > [noun] > marriage between relations
cross marriage1539
intermarriage1882
cross-cousin marriage1889
1889 E. Tylor in Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 18 263 The child of the brother may marry the child of the sister. It seems obvious that this ‘cross-cousin marriage’, as it may be called, must be the direct result of the simplest form of exogamy.
1932 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. Jan. 265 All ortho-cousins are forbidden, while cross-cousins are considered suitable mates.
1970 E. Leach Lévi-Strauss 121 A cross-cousin is a cousin of the type ‘mother's brother's child’ or ‘father's sister's child’.
cross-cropping n. (see quot.).
Π
1847 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 8 i. 34 The miserable system of cross-cropping, or taking two or more white straw crops in succession.
cross-cultural adj. pertaining to or involving different cultures or comparison between them.
ΘΠ
society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > a civilization or culture > [adjective] > across cultures
cross-culturala1942
transcultural1958
a1942 B. Malinowski Sci. Theory of Culture (1944) iii. 18 There is the comparative method, in which the student is primarily interested in gathering extensive cross-cultural documentations.
1949 M. Mead Male & Female ii. 26 All people who have had the good fortune to learn several languages in childhood have a precious degree of..cross-cultural understanding.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > Scottish coins > [noun] > other Scottish coins
sterling1387
plack1473
sture1493
stick1494
bawbee1542
hardhead1559
nonsunt1559
liona1572
atchison1600
turner1631
turnover1640
bodle1650
forty penny piece1681
rigmariea1682
cross-daggera1690
mark1762
a1690 S. Jeake Compl. Body Arithm. (1701) 142 Cross Daggers of Scotland, New Value 11s. 8d.
cross-dating n. the establishment of the date of one archæological site or level by correlation with another; also in dendrochronology (see quot. 1946).
ΘΠ
the world > time > reckoning of time > chronology > [noun] > assignment to a time or dating > dating methods
fluorine test1895
cross-dating1939
age dating1941
carbon–14 dating1950
radiocarbon dating1950
carbon dating1952
radiodating1962
radiometric dating1963
TL-dating1972
1939 G. Clark Archaeol. & Society v. 142 As a basis he studied living trees, cross-dating many trees of the same age to make sure of eliminating individual or purely topographical variations.
1946 F. E. Zeuner Dating Past i. 11 Cross-dating. Having constructed a number of plots of individual trees one proceeds to ‘cross-date’ them. This is the term used by dendrochronologists for correlating the ring-series of one tree with that of another.
1950 G. E. Daniel Hundred Years Archæol. iv. 148 The synchronological technique of cross-dating.
cross-date v. (transitive and intransitive) .
ΘΠ
the world > time > reckoning of time > chronology > reckon the time or date [verb (intransitive)] > cross-date
cross-date1937
the world > time > reckoning of time > chronology > arrange chronologically [verb (transitive)] > assign to a certain date > cross-date
cross-date1937
1937 W. S. Glock Princ. & Methods Tree-ring Anal. i. 16 Two ring sequences that cross-date were synchronous in formation and effectively duplicate each other in whole or in part... Cross-dating as generally practiced is the establishment of the time identity in ring groups in two different trees by means of very high and convincing structural correlation between them.
cross-dog n. (see dog n.1).
Π
1862 S. Smiles Lives Engineers I. 283 The workmen erected another pier, using much timber in cross-dogs, bars, and braces.
cross-dressing n. = transvestism n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [noun] > wearing clothes associated with opposite sex
travestiment1832
cross-dressing1911
transvestitism1912
transvestism1913
Eonism1928
transvesticism1934
1911 E. Carpenter in Amer. Jrnl. Relig. Psychol. & Educ. July 228 Cross-dressing must be taken as a general indication of, and a cognate phenomenon to, homosexuality.
1928 H. Ellis Stud. Psychol. Sex VII. 12 But Hirschfeld's conception of the anomaly scarcely appeared to me altogether satisfactory. Transvestism or cross-dressing fails to cover the whole of the ground.
1950 L. S. London & F. S. Caprio Sexual Deviations i. 20 Moll classified various varieties of transvestism as follows:..(2) homosexual cases, in which cross-dressings constituted part of the contrary state; (3) heterosexual cases, where the sexual impulse is normal and in which cross-dressing constitutes part of a contrary sexual state [etc.].
1971 Daily Tel. 10 Dec. (Colour Suppl.) 21/4 Many transexuals are also transvestites, with cross-dressing an essential part of their all-out desire to assume the opposite role.
1985 Times 21 Jan. 8/6 Androgynous clothing is a challenge to fixed concepts of femininity/masculinity, and once that demarcation line was established in Christian society, cross-dressing became subversive.
cross-dress v. [as a back-formation] (intransitive) to dress in clothes of the opposite sex, as a transvestite.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [verb (intransitive)] > in specific way > wear clothes associated with opposite sex
cross-dress1966
1966 H. Benjamin Transsexual Phenomenon ii. 12 Men in whom the desire to cross-dress is often combined with other deviations.
1979 P. Ackroyd Dressing Up i. 27/2 When cross-dressed, the transvestite..‘achieves a completely emotional identification which is sexually abnormal but aesthetically correct’.
1984 Listener 12 July 7/3 She had never accepted his desire to cross-dress, regarding him as ‘perverted’ and ‘disgusting’.
cross-dresser n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [noun] > wearing clothes associated with opposite sex > person
berdache1806
hijra1838
she-male1842
female impersonator1857
transvestite1911
Eonist1928
transvestist1928
transvestitist1930
drag queen1941
moffie1960
TV1960
shim1973
cross-dresser1976
tranny1979
1976 National Observer (U.S.) 16 Oct. 10/3 Not all of these ‘cross-dressers’, however, are satisfied just to wear feminine finery and assume female mannerisms.
cross-fade v. Broadcasting and Cinematography (transitive and intransitive) to ‘fade in’ one sound or picture while ‘fading out’ another; so as n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > special effect > [noun] > fading
fade1918
fade-out1918
fading1918
lap-dissolve1927
cross-fading1931
cross-fade1937
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > special effect > special effects [verb (intransitive)] > fade
cross-fade1937
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > special effect > special effects [verb (transitive)] > fade
dissolve1912
fade1918
lap-dissolve1927
cross-fade1937
1937 L. Lewis Radio Dict. in Printers' Ink Monthly Apr. 50/2 Cross-fade, where one section of sound (musical or otherwise) is faded in while another is faded out.
1940 Publishers' Weekly 5 Oct. 1405 Cross fade on cue.
1953 K. Reisz Technique Film Editing ii. 187 The dubbing editor should be able to cross~fade from the dialogue to the music track at any time.
1957 A. R. Manvell & J. Huntley Technique Film Music iii. 78 The turning of the page at a crossfade or cut can be helped by music's power.
cross-fading n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > special effect > [noun] > fading
fade1918
fade-out1918
fading1918
lap-dissolve1927
cross-fading1931
cross-fade1937
1931 T. H. Pear Voice & Personality vi. 61 The process called by radio-play producers ‘cross-fading’.
cross-fam v. slang (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. 165 To cross-fam a person, is to pick his pocket by crossing your arms in a particular position.
cross-fault n. Geology a fault which crosses the strike of the displaced strata.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > discontinuity or unconformity > [noun] > fault > other types of fault
heave1802
reversed fault1852
reverse fault1865
step-fault1879
ring fracture1881
overfault1883
overlap fault1883
overthrust1883
trough fault1883
thrust1888
thrust-fault1889
offset1897
cross-fault1900
tear-fault1900
distributive fault1904
cross-break1909
slide1910
strike-slip fault1913
rift1921
splay fault1942
wrench fault1951
megashear1954
transform fault1965
transform1971
1900 Geogr. Jrnl. 16 461 Both longitudinal and cross-faults..in the Eastern Alps.
1964 L. U. de Sitter Struct. Geol. (ed. 2) xiv. 193 The simplest kind of fault is the normal cross-fault, perpendicular to the axis.
cross-ferry n. = ferry n.1 2, 1.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel for transporting people or goods > [noun] > ferry
ferry1192
ferry boat1374
water-fare1610
transfer1883
cross-ferry1900
1900 Westm. Gaz. 2 May 10/1 Nine cross-ferries, two of which carry vehicular traffic.
1903 Daily Chron. 20 Feb. 6/7 Vehicular cross-ferry traffic was suspended.
cross-file n. (see quot.).
Π
1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Cross-file, a file used in dressing out the arms or crosses of fine wheels. It has two convex faces of different curvatures.
cross-fishing n. fishing with a line with many hooks attached extending across a stream; cf. cross-line n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > type or method of fishing > [noun] > fishing with line > with cross-line
cross-lining1816
cross-fishing1867
1867 B. Osborne in Morning Star 9 Apr. There is a thing called cross-fishing, where one line is used with different coloured baits, and where both sides of the stream are swept.
cross-flute n. a transverse flute (see flute n.1 1).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > woodwind instruments > [noun] > flute > transverse flutes
German flute1718
traversière1740
flauto traverso1753
traversa1786
cross-flute1876
flûte d'amour1876
Querflöte1876
third flute1876
transverse flute1879
traverso1879
1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 172/2 Cross-flutes were known to the Greeks by the name plagiaulos (πλαγίαυλος), and to the Romans as tibia obliqua.
1902 Westm. Gaz. 2 July 2/3 How this the flute, and that the cross-flute wrought.
cross-frog n. the arrangement where one line of rails crosses another, each of the rails being notched to admit the flanges of wheels on the crossing rail.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > arch > [adjective] > vaulting > vaulted
embowed1481
vaulted1552
grinded1715
cross-grindedc1720
groined1789
overvaulted1842
cross-vaulted1848
c1720 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture II. xv. 27 The portico with a cross-grinded arch.
cross-guard n. a sword-guard consisting of a short transverse bar.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > sword > [noun] > guard
cross1470
guard1596
ward1634
shell1685
bow1701
basket1833
cross-guard1869
cross-piece1869
hilt-guard1869
second guard1869
tsuba1889
knuckle-bow1895
1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour ix. 173 The simplest variety of hilt,..has..the pommel..the barrel..and the cross-guard.
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the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivation of fruit > cultivate fruit [verb (transitive)] > other techniques
caprifyc1420
cross-hack1608
string1664
ring1881
thread1907
1608 H. Plat Floraes Paradise Beautified 165 Crosshack your chery trees..in the new moon next after Christmas.
Π
1608 H. Plat Floraes Paradise Beautified 166 All the cross-hackings heer mentioned.
cross-hair n. = spider-line n.
Π
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 322/1 A telescope fitted with a cross hair.
1917 J. H. McConkey End of Age 50 The cross-hairs of God's telescope of prophecy are centered upon it.
cross-hap n. adverse fortune or occurrence.
Π
1881 A. J. Duffield tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. 142 You need not fear any cross-hap.
cross-house n. a house at or by a cross; a house standing crosswise to others; also figurative.
Π
a1625 J. Boys Wks. (1629) 165 Many are so blinded with the sunshine of prosperity that they see..no such schoole as the Crosse-house.
1875 W. McIlwraith Guide Wigtownshire 58 At either end of the wide part of this street there is a cross-house.
cross-index v. to index under another heading as a cross-reference.
ΘΠ
society > communication > indication > pointing out > point out [verb (transitive)] > cross-index
cross-catalogue1890
cross-index1892
cross-reference1902
1892 Law Times 92 196/1 ‘Mayor's Court’ should be cross-indexed as ‘Lord Mayor's Court’.
cross-influence n. interchange of influences or tendencies.
ΘΠ
the world > action or operation > operation upon something > [noun] > interchange of
cross-influence1931
1931 G. Stern Meaning & Change of Meaning i. 13 The ‘big’ words are especially liable to sense-loans and cross-influences.
1942 A. Koestler in Horizon V. 390 The revolution in physics has certainly affected the artist..and similar cross-influences are easy to discover.
cross-kick v. (intransitive) in football, to kick the ball across the field; also as n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > association football > [noun] > actions or manoeuvres
holding1866
hand-balling1867
left-footer1874
header1875
handball1879
goal kick1881
corner1882
spot kick1884
middle1899
clearance1920
cross-kick1927
cross-pass1929
body swerve1933
open goal1934
headball1936
chip1939
through-ball1956
wall pass1958
outswinger1959
cross1961
overlap1969
blooter1976
hospital pass1978
route one1978
sidefoot1979
top bin1999
ankle-biting2001
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > association football > play association football [verb (intransitive)] > actions or manoeuvres
clear1892
cross-kick1927
handball1935
anchor1976
1927 Daily Tel. 10 Feb. 16/7 You must swerve..or feint (or even cross-kick) at an unexpected moment.
1954 J. B. G. Thomas On Tour vi. 66 Dobbin..cross-kicked into the middle.
1960 T. McLean Kings of Rugby xi. 179 A crosskick by Brown.
cross-legs n. (a) crossed legs; also quasi-adv.; (b) (Obsolete slang) a tailor (cf. quot. 1602 at cross adj. 1b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > [noun] > tailor
seamsterc995
tailor1297
parnterc1400
parmenterc1450
pricklouse?a1513
Tom Tailor1575
stitcher1589
scissor man1593
cutter1599
snip1600
snipper1611
shred1616
needleman1621
fashioner1631
snip-snappera1632
sartor1656
nipshred1661
stult1675
cabbage1694
linen-armourer1699
stitch1699
snip-cabbage1708
tire-man1709
knight of the needlea1777
stay-tape1785
schneider1796
needle-jerker1801
skip-louse1807
darzi1809
cross-legs1823
tog-maker1901
knight of the shears-
1823 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. 1823 (1825) 59 Although the world has with one assent, agreed to consider the race of cross-legs as the most peacable and innocent set of people.
1889 O. Wilde House of Pomegranates (1891) 39 Sitting down cross-legs, in a circle.
1912 W. de la Mare Listeners 9 Then from his crosslegs he gets down.
1921 D. H. Lawrence Let. in E. Brewster & A. Brewster Reminisc. & Corresp. (1934) 24 If only you crossed the spoon and fork in front to look like two cross-legs.
ΘΠ
society > communication > correspondence > letter > [noun] > letters, etc., by method of dispatch or conveyance
post-letter1648
ship-letterc1675
by-letter1685
penny-post letter1686
way letter1710
by-night1766
cross-letter1789
twopenny1818
box letter1827
non-paid1829
balloon-letter1870
pigeongram1875
railway letter1891
pneumatogram1894
airmail1918
aerogram1919
airgram1919
air letter1920
pneumatique1924
pneu1926
snail mail1929
aerogramme1934
airgraph1941
1789 Ann. Reg. 1787 Hist. Europe 134/1 The cross-letter postage, which had been for many years let out to Mr. Allen.
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Categories »
cross-license v. (transitive) ‘to give a license to another to use (a patent or invention) in return for a similar license’ (Webster, 1961); also intransitive and as n.
cross-licensing n.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > industrial property rights > conferred by patent > licensing of patent
cross-licensing1964
1964 M. Gowing Brit. & Atomic Energy 1939–45 vii. 208 He did not believe that any agreement between Governments for free cross-licensing was necessary.
1965 Economist 18 Dec. 1330/3 Part of the cross-licensing agreement.
cross-lift v. (see quot.).
Π
1859 F. A. Griffiths Artillerist's Man. (1862) 110 To cross lift a gun, or carriage is to move it in a direction nearly at right angles to its axis.
Π
1649 J. Ellistone tr. J. Böhme Epist. (1886) v. §29 It maketh a cross-like birth.
1685 H. More Paralipomena Prophetica 290 Otherwise the Perimeter of the House had been Cruciform or Cross-like.
cross-linguistic adj. pertaining to or involving different languages or comparison between them.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > other schools of linguistics > [adjective] > comparative linguistics
areal1944
cross-linguistic1954
1954 J. H. Greenberg in H. Hoijer Lang. in Culture i. 6 A matter which might be tested by cross-linguistic comparisons.
1964 R. H. Robins Gen. Linguistics 208 Cross-linguistic appeals to equivalents or earlier forms in other languages are wholly irrelevant.
cross-link n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > polymer chemistry > polymer properties > [noun] > cross-linkage > cross-link bond
cross-link1936
cross-linkage1937
1936 Blaikie & Crozier in Industr. & Engin. Chem. 28 1159/2 The number of cross links in different soluble polymers will vary and be less than in the insoluble variety.
cross-linkage n. Chemistry a chemical bond, or an atom or short chain of atoms, which connects two (long) chains in a polymer or other complex molecule.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > polymer chemistry > polymer properties > [noun] > cross-linkage > cross-link bond
cross-link1936
cross-linkage1937
1937 Norrish & Brookman in Proc. Royal Soc. A. 163 207 The production of these cross-linkages as determined by the formation of insoluble polymers appears to depend upon the electron attracting or repelling properties.
cross-link v. (transitive) to connect by cross-links, to bring about cross-linking in; intransitive, to form a cross-link (with).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > polymer chemistry > polymer properties > polymer properties (cross-linkage) [verb (transitive)]
cross-link1963
the world > matter > chemistry > polymer chemistry > polymer properties > [verb (intransitive)] > cross-linkage
cross-link1963
1963 J. Osborne Dental Mech. (ed. 5) xi. 240 A cross-linking agent may be added to the monomer. On polymerization such a substance cross-links in at least two directions with methyl methacrylate.
1970 Nature 6 June 939/2 Cross-linking polymers by γ-irradiation is known to decrease crystallinity.
cross-linked adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > polymer chemistry > polymer properties > [adjective] > cross-linkage
cross-linked1937
1937 Norrish & Brookman in Proc. Royal Soc. A. 163 207 Isoprene was used in an attempt to obtain a cross-linked polymer with styrene, since isoprene must possess this cross-linking property.
1941 P. J. Flory in Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 63 3100/2 Gelation occurs when the cross-linking index y (equal to the number of structural units which are cross-linked per chain) is equal to unity.
cross-linking n. the formation of cross-links; also, a network or system of cross-links.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > polymer chemistry > polymer properties > [noun] > cross-linkage
cross-linking1937
1937 Norrish & Brookman in Proc. Royal Soc. A. 163 219 Styrene will not form an insoluble co~polymer with the ether, although a small amount of cross-linking must occur.
1970 Nature 6 June 939/2 This results in cross-linking which binds together the polymer chains within the enlarged crystallites.
cross-lock adj. applied to an invention by which a carriage, etc. is enabled to ‘lock’ or turn on the main-pin in a particular way.
Π
1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 ii. 492 Spring-waggon on the equirotal cross-lock principle.
cross-lode n. (see 1b(a)).
Categories »
cross-loop n. a loophole in a fort in the form of a cross so as to give free range horizontally and vertically to an archer, etc.
cross-match v. Medicine (transitive) to test the compatibility of (the blood of a blood-donor and a recipient); also said of the individuals; so as n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > tests > [noun] > specific test
pneobiomantia1846
blood test1851
drug test1863
Romberg test1872
Rinne1881
Romberg's sign1884
tuberculin test1892
guaiac test1894
agglutination1896
percolation test1899
Pirquet test1908
skin test1908
Wassermann1909
Romberg1915
Pandy('s) test1916
glucose tolerance test1917
Kolmer1921
patch test1922
skin testing1923
provocation1924
Kolmer–Wassermann1925
Queckenstedt1928
Kline1929
Prausnitz–Küstner1929
cross-match1930
Mantoux test1931
paraffin test1935
Paul–Bunnell test1935
stress test1937
Burpee test1939
lepromin test1939
patch testing1941
pinprick1941
breath test1945
provocation test1948
protamine titration1949
Coombs test1950
smear test1950
Schilling test1955
tanned-(red-)cell1956
amniocentesis1958
Pap smear1963
Pap test1963
drugs test1967
Schultz–Charlton1974
amnio1984
cross-matching-
the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > tests > test [verb (transitive)] > specific test
tuberculin test1892
cross-match1930
skin-test1930
patch-test1940
1930 Ann. Surg. 91 487 In five cases, in which the donor and the recipient were of the same group, there was agglutination when the bloods were cross-matched.
1937 R. R. Kracke & H. E. Garver Dis. Blood xxxix. 433 It is..advisable to cross match the prospective donor and recipient to eliminate any possibility of an untoward reaction... In performing a cross match either the slide or the test tube method..may be used.
1937 R. R. Kracke & H. E. Garver Dis. Blood xxxix. 433 The latter [is ascertained] by cross matching (donor vs. recipient).
1961 Lancet 19 Aug. 381/1 Early assessment allows more time for accurate cross-matching, and makes emergency transfusion safer.
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Categories »
cross-matching n.
cross-member n. a strut fastened across the width of the chassis of a motor car, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > parts and equipment of motor vehicles > [noun] > frame or chassis > horizontal frame members
roof rail1794
rail1904
cross-member1922
sill1959
1922 Autocar 10 Nov. 982 Another feature is the mounting of the steering box on the front cross-member of the chassis.
1962 Which? Car Suppl. Oct. 138/1 We had to replace the front suspension cross-member.
cross-mint n. the species Mentha crispa.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > labiate plant or plants > [noun] > mint or wild mint
minteOE
minteOE
horse-minta1300
crisp mint1578
fish-mint1578
brook mint1597
cross-mint1597
Mentha1731
corn-mint1796
crisped mint1829
1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 552 Mentha cruciata. Crosse Mint, or curled Mint.
cross-modulation n. electrical intermodulation; esp. the introduction into one signal of new frequencies from another, unwanted, modulated signal.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > signal > [noun] > unwanted part of signal > distortion > types of
overmodulation1927
harmonic distortion1929
amplitude distortion1931
intermodulation1931
cross-modulation1933
1933 J. M. Stinchfield in K. Henney Radio Engin. Handbk. viii. 204 Cross-modulation and modulation distortion in the r–f stages of a receiver.
1942 Electronic Engin. 15 285 This method..prevents cross-modulation of the two input voltages due to a common cathode impedance.
1958 W. F. Lovering Radio Communication xiii. 319 The cross-modulation component is..most likely to occur when the interfering signal is that from a strong local station.
cross-mouth adj. having a transverse mouth.
cross-mouth chisel n. a cylindrical boring chisel with a diametrical blade; also cross-mouthed chisel.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > chisel > [noun] > boring chisel
boring-bit1844
bore-bit1870
cross-mouth chisel1874
straight bit1883
1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 650/1 Cross-mouth chisel, a boring-chisel of a cylindrical form with a diametrical blade.
1896 Daily News 26 Sept. 3/5 Cross-mouthed chisels of hardest tool steel.
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society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of meaning > [noun] > metonymy
metonymy1553
transmutation1553
transnomination1561
cross-naming1589
misnamer1589
metonym1622
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xvi. 148 Single words haue their sence and vnderstanding altered and figured many wayes, to wit, by transport, abuse, crosse-naming..change of name.
cross-nibbed adj. having the points of the nib crossed.
Π
1913 E. F. Benson Thorley Weir iv A splash of grey, as if the brush had spluttered like a cross-nibbed pen.
cross-oylet n. = cross-loop n.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > loophole
loop1393
lancet-loupe1562
loophole1591
barbican1600
eyelet hole1774
arrow slit1789
meurtrière1802
murderess1802
shot-hole1819
arrowlet1837
arrow loop1840
eyelet1851
musket-slit1856
cross-oylet1859
shoot-hole1892
1859 J. H. Parker Some Acct. Domest. Archit. IV. vii. 341 In each side of the central buttress is a slit, and above it a cross-oylet.
cross-pass n. a pass across the field in football.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > association football > [noun] > actions or manoeuvres
holding1866
hand-balling1867
left-footer1874
header1875
handball1879
goal kick1881
corner1882
spot kick1884
middle1899
clearance1920
cross-kick1927
cross-pass1929
body swerve1933
open goal1934
headball1936
chip1939
through-ball1956
wall pass1958
outswinger1959
cross1961
overlap1969
blooter1976
hospital pass1978
route one1978
sidefoot1979
top bin1999
ankle-biting2001
1929 Daily Express 7 Nov. 19/2 A cross-pass from right-winger T. Maskell was retrieved just beyond the far post by his opposite number.
1961 Times 25 May 4/2 Hitchens headed into the top corner on the bounce a long cross-pass from Armfield.
cross-peen n. (also cross-pane, cross-pein) a hammer in which the peen runs crosswise to the direction of the handle.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > driving or beating tools > [noun] > hammer > cross-peen hammer
cross-peena1877
Warrington1935
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1647/2 (caption) Cross peen for coopers.
1957 R. Lister Decorative Wrought Ironwork ii. 11 If the pane is placed in a position running relatively across this hole instead of running parallel to it, it is called a cross~pane.
1958 Listener 24 July 143/1 Do not buy a crosspein hammer that is too small.
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society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > English coins > [noun] > penny
pennylOE
sterling1297
win1567
penny piece1797
dubbeltjie1822
cross-penny1837
saltee1859
trident1898
bun-penny1958
1837 T. Keightley Secret Societies Middle Ages 367 He then threw a cross-penny..to the court, and went his way.
cross-ply adj. designating a tyre in which the layers of fabric are laid with the cords at right angles across one another; also elliptical as n.
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society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on wheels > [adjective] > fitted with tyres > attributes of tyres
steel-studdeda1400
white-walled1720
punctured1896
sidewall1901
beaded-edge1902
treaded1906
low-profile1922
whitewall1930
run-flat1941
whitewall1957
bald1958
bias-ply1964
cross-ply1965
studded1966
treadless1968
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on wheels > [noun] > parts of vehicle moving on wheels > wheel > rubber or pneumatic tyre > types of
sidewall1901
non-skid1905
retread1909
remould1928
recap1929
knobbly1938
knobby1943
whitewall1950
slick1959
bias-ply1964
radial1964
cross-ply1965
snow1968
Pennsylvania cap1971
wet1977
1965 Gough & Udall Radial Ply Tyres 1 (caption) A conventional cross-ply tyre in section.
1968 Listener 18 July 95/2 Try not to mix radials with cross-plies.
1970 M. Edwards Car Handyman viii. 104 A cross-ply tyre is one in which the plies of the tyre, or the beads, cross over... Usually, if the marking is in inches, say 5·20×10, then the tyre is a cross-ply.
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the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [noun] > misfortune or ill-luck > instance of misfortune or ill-luck > regarded as act of God
judgementa1400
providence1645
cross-providence1720
1720 R. Welton tr. T. Alvares de Andrade Sufferings Son of God II. xiv. 377 Looking upon Afflictions and Cross-Providence with Esteem.
Categories »
cross-quarters n. Architecture an ornament of tracery in the form of a cruciform flower.
cross-rail n. a horizontal rail of a door or other framework.
ΘΠ
the world > space > relative position > fact or condition of being transverse > [noun] > anything lying transversely > cross-piece, -bar, or -beam
slote1485
crossbar1562
bail1575
cross-beam1594
traverse1604
bint1629
cross-yard1634
crown beam1776
cross-tie1813
cross-rail1836
stretcher1844
spall1895
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 95 A tent bedstead without hangings or cross-rails.
1880 Spons' Encycl. Industr. Arts II. 739 In the interior of the framework, is fitted a conical grid, having its apex downwards, and resting on a cross-rail at a short distance from the bottom.
1894 T. W. Fox Mechanism Weaving vi. 153 A hole is drilled in the cross rail near each end of the upper griffe frame.
1902 How to make Useful Things 13/2 The bottom cross-rail is..3½ in. less in length than the width of the end of the fowl-house.
cross-reel v. (transitive) to wind (yarn) on a reel with a reciprocating movement; so cross-reeling n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [verb (transitive)] > wind > in specific way
reelc1400
conglomerate1623
spool1623
sleavea1628
agglomerate1658
skein1775
hank1818
pirn1818
lease1884
cross-reel1890
1890 J. Nasmith Mod. Cotton Spinning Machinery xiii. 267 The hanks being reeled, they are, if cross reeled, dyed or bleached, and, if in leas, bundled.
cross remainders Law estates in remainder (remainder n. 1a) arising where lands are devised to two or more persons in tail, with remainder to either upon failure of the other's issue; occasionally in singular.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > right to succeed to title, position, or estate > succession > [noun] > descent by inheritance > that which is inherited > residue of an estate > specific
cross remainders1703
Falcidian portion1788
1703 H. Curson Law conc. Estates Taile 13 No cross Remainder or other possibility shall be allowed by Law.
1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. 381 Here A and B have cross remainders by implication, and on the failure of either's issue, the other or his issue shall take the whole.
1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) VI. 435 Cross remainders will not be raised between two persons without words creating a necessary implication.
1858 Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law xvii. 110 The common settlement..is..then to the daughters, as tenants in common in tail, with cross-remainders in tail.
1904 Harvard Law Rev. 17 560 In addition the rule has been applied only where there were cross-remainders, express or implied, under the testator's limitations.
1954 Michigan Law Rev. 52 982 It is, perhaps, not unfair to suggest that a tenancy in common with contingent cross-remainders is a kind of thing that would occur only to a ‘long shot’ future interest lawyer peculiarly skilled in an art which reached its peak in the days of British feudalism.
2000 Calif. Law Rev. 88 1906 The traditional majority view has been that this (D's) ‘share’ goes to S, thus giving him all of the income for the rest of his lifetime (the doctrine of ‘cross-remainders’ in income).
cross-rhythm n. Music the simultaneous use of more than one rhythm.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > duration of notes > proportion of notes or rhythm > [noun] > action of putting into rhythm > types of rhythm
swing1829
sprung rhythm1877
dance-rhythm1880
ragtime1896
slow drag1901
rumba1912
polymetre1922
cross-rhythm1926
tangana1926
counter-rhythm1927
ride1935
walking beat1935
ricky-tick1937
rock1937
shuffle rhythm1940
isorhythm1954
shuffle beat1955
tango rhythm1966
makossa1973
1926 P. Whiteman & M. M. McBride Jazz xi. 231 Six hundred fox-trotters..automatically were dancing in cross rhythm.
1927 Melody Maker Sept. 845/3 Brahms..employed syncopation and cross-rhythms about a century before modern ‘syncopated orchestras’ were dreamed of.
1946 A. Hutchings in A. L. Bacharach Brit. Music xvi. 205 They lacked the vigour which comes from cross-rhythm, or counterpoint.
cross-rib n. (a) Architecture (see quots.); (b) in a side of beef, a sternal rib running crosswise to the body.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > arch > [noun] > vaulting > rib
ogive1290
rib1608
branch1793
vaulting rib1830
nook-rib1835
surface rib1835
transom-rib1835
wall-rib1835
lierne1842
cross-rib1858
formeret1872
1858 Dict. Archit. (Archit. Publ. Soc.) Cross rib (Fr. arc doubleau), a rib from one pier or pillar across to its respond, square with the vault to which the rib belongs... Willis calls it the transverse rib, and it is often called the arch rib.
1902 R. Sturgis Dict. Archit. III. 289 The wall ribs (formerets) and cross ribs (arcs doubleaux) were..pointed.
cross-saddle n. a saddle on which the rider sits astride; also as adv., on a cross-saddle, astride.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > [adverb] > astride
striddling1632
astride1664
a-straddle1703
stradlings1823
straddle-leg1836
straddle1857
strideways1859
cross-saddle1897
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > saddle > types of saddle
mail-saddle1360
trotter-saddle1381
panel1393
loadsaddle1397
packsaddle1398
limber-saddle1480
pillion1480
side-saddle1493
steel saddle1503
pilgate1511
mail pillowc1532
stock-saddle1537
pad1556
sunk1568
trunk-saddle1569
soda1586
mail pillion1586
running saddle1596
Scotch saddle1596
postilion saddle1621
pad-saddle1622
portmanteau-saddle1681
watering saddle1681
cart-saddle1692
demi-pique1695
crook-saddle1700
saddle pad1750
recado1825
aparejo1844
mountain saddle1849
somerset1851
pilch1863
cowboy saddle1880
sawbuck (pack)saddle1881
western saddle1883
cross-saddle1897
centre-fire1921
McClellan1940
poley1957
1897 W. E. Norris Clarissa Furiosa xxxiii. 293 His daughter..would..ride to hounds in a cross-saddle.
1897 Westm. Gaz. 22 Dec. 4/2 The cross-saddle position assumed by women on ‘bikes’.
1905 Daily Chron. 1 Aug. 3/3 One of our Royal Princesses is to be taught to ride cross-saddle.
1930 S. G. Goldschmidt Fellowship of Horse ix. 131 Cross-saddle riding for women is not making the progress it should.
1930 S. G. Goldschmidt Fellowship of Horse ix. 136 The prejudice against the cross-saddle.
cross-sea n. (see cross adj. 1).
cross-seizing n. Nautical a seizing in which a number of turns of rope cross an equal number in the opposite direction.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > ropes or chains other than rigging or cable > [noun] > lashings, seizings, or securing ropes
seizing1615
round seizing1794
frapping1804
cross-seizing1883
1883 Man. Seamanship for Boys' Training Ships Royal Navy 109 A Cross Seizing is used when the rigging is turned in with the end up.
cross-shed n. (see quot. 1874).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [noun] > weaving > method of > weaving other types of fabric > loom or machine for > parts of
feeler1755
batten1831
pile wire1849
cross-shed1874
1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 650/1 Cross-shed, the upper shed of a gauze-loom.
1894 T. W. Fox Mechanism Weaving 225 O shows the lifting for an open shed, and c that for a cross shed.
cross-shoot n. a shot at anything moving across the field of sight.
Π
1766 T. Page Art of shooting Flying 35 If you take aim a foot before a cross shoot at forty yards.
cross-shooting n. a shooting at anything moving across the field of sight.
Π
1766 T. Page Art of shooting Flying 34 A hint concerning cross-shooting.
cross-shot n. (a) = cross-shooting n.; (b) Tennis a shot that sends the ball diagonally across the court.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > racket games > lawn tennis > [noun] > types of stroke
service1611
serving1688
screw1865
cut1874
cutting service1874
boast1878
first serve1878
smash1882
twister1884
cross-shot1889
lob1890
ground stroke1895
lob ball1900
twist service1901
boasting1902
cross-volley1905
get1911
chop1913
forehander1922
kick serve1925
forehand1934
touch shot1936
dink1939
net shot1961
overhead1964
groundie1967
slice1969
moonball1975
moonballing1977
1789 Ess. Shooting (1791) 215 To avoid missing a cross shot, whether it be flying or running.
1889 H. W. W. Wilberforce Lawn Tennis xii. 43 It may be a difficult cross-shot.
1902 Westm. Gaz. 1 July 4/3 His cross-shots to the left-hand corner swift and sure.
cross-sleeper n. a sleeper laid transversely across a tramway or railway track as a support for the rails; also as adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > track > parts and fittings of rails > sleeper
cross-tie1813
sleeper1837
longitudinal1838
transom1838
cross-sleeper1841
railroad tie1847
stringer1848
tie1857
pot sleeper1869
waybeam1880
1841 Penny Cycl. XIX. 255/1 The use of cross-sleepers..needs little remark.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 506/2 The rail was spiked through to a longitudinal timber laid on cross sleepers.
1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 14 May 4/3 We have what we call upon certain sections the cross-sleeper road.
cross-spider n. the common British garden spider Epeira diadema, so called from the cross-like mark on its anterior surface.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > order Aranea > suborder Labidognatha or Dipneumones > miscellaneous types > epeira diadema (garden-spider)
garden spider1701
diadem-spider1854
cross-spider1883
1883 J. G. Wood in Good Words Dec. 761/1 A Diadem or Cross Spider comes running over her web.
cross-talk n. Telephony (a) see quot. 1887; in wider use, any unwanted transfer of signals from one circuit, channel, etc., to another; also, in Radio, a reproduced signal due to waves that are not of the frequency to which the receiver is tuned; (b) altercation, repartee, back-chat; conversation; also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > answer > [noun] > wit in answers
repartee1668
reparteeinga1697
cross-talk1887
the mind > language > speech > conversation > [noun]
speechc900
talec1000
speaka1300
reasonc1300
speakinga1325
counsela1350
intercommuningc1374
dalliancec1400
communication1419
communancec1449
collocutiona1464
parlour?c1475
sermocination1514
commona1529
dialogue?1533
interlocutiona1534
discourse1545
discoursing1550
conference1565
purposea1572
talk1572
interspeech1579
conversationa1586
devising1586
intercourse1596
intercommunication1603
eclogue1604
commercing1610
communion1614
negocea1617
alloquy1623
confariation1652
gob1681
gab1761
commune1814
colloquy1817
conversing1884
cross-talk1887
bull session1920
rap1957
society > communication > telecommunication > telegraphy or telephony > [noun] > crossed lines
cross-talk1887
crossing1936
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > wit, wittiness > wit with words > [noun]
agnomination1574
paronymy1627
adnomination1628
wit-rack1642
repartee1668
snip-snap1727
persiflage1757
quippery1785
cross-talk1887
eutrapelia1956
society > communication > telecommunication > radio communications > [noun] > signal > interference
cross-talk1887
static1905
X1906
statics1912
click1914
jam1914
grinder1922
hash1923
mush1924
echo1928
image1928
radio echo1928
harmonic interference1929
second channel1932
1887 Jrnl. Soc. Telegraph-engineers & Electricians 16 433 The annoyance caused by induction, known commonly by the name of ‘cross-talk’.
1891 Times 12 Jan. To suppress the sputtering noises, or ‘cross-talk’, induced in the line by currents passing through some neighbouring telegraph or telephone line.
1909 ‘I. Hay’ Man's Man viii. 132 A carefully rehearsed ‘cross-talk’ dialogue between two knock-about artistes of the Variety firmament.
1910 Hawkins' Electr. Dict. Cross talk, conversation over one telephone circuit overheard in the telephone of another circuit, when their wires run side by side. This fault is due almost entirely to electrostatic induction.
1917 ‘I. Hay’ Carrying On i. 18 Each bus is in charge of the identical pair of cross-talk comedians who controlled its destinies in more peaceful days.
1922 Glazebrook's Dict. Appl. Physics II. 859/2 Cross-talk is interference between adjacent telephone circuits due to the transmission of speech energy from one circuit to another.
1923 P. G. Wodehouse Adventures of Sally xv. 184 As brisk and snappy as any cross-talk between vaudeville comedians.
1923 Daily Mail 23 Jan. 5 The ‘cross-talk’ sketch ‘The Haunted House’.
1930 Times Lit. Suppl. 27 Mar. 276/3 Some of the crosstalk of the American shop-girls is entertaining.
1932 F. E. Terman Radio Engin. xiii. 470 The first kind of cross-talk is produced by heterodyne detection of two signals having a frequency difference lying within the tuning range of the receiver.
1932 F. E. Terman Radio Engin. xiii. 471 Cross-talk [of the second kind] is caused by the unwanted signal modulating the carrier wave of the desired signal.
1955 Times 27 July 8/2 There was a good deal of cross-talk on the origin of recent rumours about sterling.
1957 R. W. G. Hunt Reprod. Colour xii. 163 Hence cross-talk (that is, interference between the luminance and chrominance signals) in band-sharing systems..is minimized.
1961 A. Wilson Old Men at Zoo vi. 306 I thought that I should scream if I had to live with this cross talk act for long.
1970 Which? Apr. 114 The crosstalk rating shows how well the stereo channels were separated, so that signals on one channel did not affect the other.
cross-talker n.
ΘΠ
the mind > language > speech > conversation > [noun] > one who converses
talkerc1386
interlocutor?1518
communera1572
interspeaker1586
converser1594
dialoguer1609
collocutor1620
dialogist1638
interlocutory1697
colloquist1792
interlocutrice1847
interlocutress1858
interlocutrix1860
cross-talker1907
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > wit, wittiness > wit with words > [noun] > one who indulges in
quipper1589
quipster1790
persifleur1829
cross-talker1907
smart mouth1966
1907 Daily Chron. 1 May 6/4 Those pioneer cross-talkers, the Christy Minstrels.
cross-tig n. a variety of the game ‘tig’ in which another player running across between pursuer and pursued is pursued in his turn.
Π
1876 J. Grant Hist. Burgh Schools Scotl. ii. v. 180 ‘Cross-tig’, and ‘Scotch and English Jackson’..are played at Arbroath high school.
Categories »
cross-tining n. dialect cross-harrowing: see cross v. 7b.
cross-tube n. (see quot. 1888).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > boiler > [noun] > types of
steam-boiler1805
boiler1818
generator1823
wagon-boiler1837
Cornish boiler1840
saddle boiler1840
French boiler1844
vomiting-boiler1844
water-tube boiler1850
feed-heater1864
Scotch boiler1877
cross-tubea1884
steamer1891
flash generator1903
flash steam generator1907
waste-heat boiler1930
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > boiler > [noun] > parts of > tubes or pipes
water tube1720
tube1833
water head1856
worm1857
cross-tubea1884
furnace-tube1888
feed collector1902
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 232/1 Cross tube boiler. In the usual vertical form, this boiler has one or more horizontal cross tubes..placed across the fire-box.
1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Cross tubes, the heating tubes in a steam boiler—usually applied to boilers of the vertical type.
cross-valve n. a valve placed where a pipe has two cross-branches.
cross-vigil n. (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > sacrament > (extreme) unction > vigil > [noun] > lengthy, with arms outstretched
cross-vigil1932
1932 Times Lit. Suppl. 28 Jan. 55/3 The Cross-vigil (cros~figell), that is, praying for lengthened periods with the arms outstretched in the form of a cross.
cross-vine n. a climber of the southern U.S., in which a section of the stem shows a cross-like appearance.
cross-volley n. Tennis a volley that sends the ball diagonally across the court.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > racket games > lawn tennis > [noun] > types of stroke
service1611
serving1688
screw1865
cut1874
cutting service1874
boast1878
first serve1878
smash1882
twister1884
cross-shot1889
lob1890
ground stroke1895
lob ball1900
twist service1901
boasting1902
cross-volley1905
get1911
chop1913
forehander1922
kick serve1925
forehand1934
touch shot1936
dink1939
net shot1961
overhead1964
groundie1967
slice1969
moonball1975
moonballing1977
1905 Daily Chron. 20 Mar. 3/3 The American cross-volleys which may bring the English players a little nearer the net in doubles.
cross-voting n. voting not according to party lines, in which some of the votes of each party are given on the other side.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > procedure of parliament or national assembly > [noun] > putting to vote > voting across party line
cross-voting1884
1884 Manch. Examiner 9 Apr. 5/2 The cross voting was so exceptionally slight that only one Liberal voted with the Conservatives.
cross-ward n. a cross-shaped ward of a lock.
Π
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. ii. 27 You may easily file your Cross or Hook-wards wider or deeper.
cross-weaving n. weaving in which the warp-threads are crossed in regular order.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [noun] > weaving > other methods of weaving
cross-weaving1843
Swedish work1882
satin weave1884
plain-weave1888
swivel-weaving1894
swivel-weft1894
mat1904
tabby weave1906
tablet weaving1921
basket weave1925
ikat1931
folk weave1938
pebble weave1941
1843 Penny Cycl. XXVII. 179/1 Cross weaving.—This term may be conveniently applied to those varieties of woven fabric in which the warp-threads..cross over or twist around one another, thus forming a plexus or interlacing independent of that produced by the weft.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 650/2 Cross-weaving loom, a loom for weaving with a crossed warp.
cross-webbing n. webbing drawn over the saddle-tree to strengthen the seat of a saddle.
cross-wind n. = cross-winding n. (b).
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1927 T. Woodhouse Artificial Silk: Manuf. & Uses 91 A cross-wind or V-shaped wind.
cross-winding n. (a) a twisting of the surface of masonry, or the like; (b) the winding of yarn on a reel in such a way that the strands of one layer cross those of the previous layer at an acute angle.
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the world > space > shape > misshapenness > [noun] > action or fact of putting or being out of shape > distortion
beshrewinga1425
distortion1581
wryness1591
contortion1611
distorture1613
distortedness1684
wringing1706
twisting1725
cross-winding1815
twistification1835
detortion1853
twinge1860
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > winding > on reel
reeling1589
cross-winding1815
1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 27 Those twistings of the surface which are technically termed cross-windings.
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 341 A thin board, planed true, to point out cross-windings and other inequalities of surface.
1892 J. Nasmith Students' Cotton Spinning 360 Cross winding is resorted to when the hank is to be dyed.
cross-wire n. a wire that crosses; spec. = cross-hair n.
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society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > other animal raw materials > [noun] > cobweb
web1746
spider-line1829
cobweb1837
cross-wire1866
1866 Parkinson Optics (ed. 2) 209 Such a set of threads are commonly called cross-wires or spider lines.
cross-wood n. a West Indian shrub Jacquinia ruscifolia.
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1882 J. Smith Dict. Econ. Plants 143 It derives its name of Crosswood from..its branches being produced in whorls of four, thus forming a cross.
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1434 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 101 A good bordcloth with crosse werk.
1627 Ld. Falkland Hist. Edward II (1680) 12 There might be some cross-work might blast his project.
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1582 T. Watson Ἑκατομπαθία: Passionate Cent. Loue lxi My Hart croswounded with desire.
cross-yard n. a pole or spar fastened cross-wise.
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the world > space > relative position > fact or condition of being transverse > [noun] > anything lying transversely > cross-piece, -bar, or -beam
slote1485
crossbar1562
bail1575
cross-beam1594
traverse1604
bint1629
cross-yard1634
crown beam1776
cross-tie1813
cross-rail1836
stretcher1844
spall1895
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 193 They erect a Tree, with a crosse-yard fastned to it.
Draft additions April 2011
cross-platform adj. 
/ˌkrɑsˈplætˌfɔrm/ Computing compatible with or available for more than one type of computer system or operating system; relating to such compatibility; cf. multiplatform adj. 1c.
Brit. /ˌkrɒsˈplatfɔːm/
, /ˌkrɒsˈplatfɔːm/U.S. /ˌkrɔsˈplætˌfɔrm/
, /ˌkrɔsˈplætˌfɔrm//ˌkrɑsˈplætˌfɔrm/ΚΠ
1988 Computerworld 28 Mar. 112/4 Such an application-building system would be able to take advantage of the cross-platform mobility of SQL commands and build them into distributed applications.
1993 Macworld Dec. 28/2 Panorama wouldn't know an Apple event if one hit it on the head, and FileMaker is cross-platform, but Panorama wins the award.
2009 New Yorker 19 Oct. 40/1 The vi-spi is cross-platform, but don't worry if you think you're not on Facebook.
2009 Lifehacker (Nexis) 10 Oct. Arora is a free, cross-platform web browser built on WebKit.
Draft additions December 2013
crossfader n. /ˈkrɑsˌfeɪdər/ a device that allows a person to fade in one audio or visual input while fading out another; spec. one forming part of a DJ or music producer's mixing equipment, and used to fade in a recording, track, sample, etc., while fading out another; (now also) a software function allowing this; cf. fade v.1 9a.
Brit. /ˈkrɒsˌfeɪdə/
, /ˈkrɒsˌfeɪdə/U.S. /ˈkrɔsˌfeɪdər/
, /ˈkrɔsˌfeɪdər//ˈkrɑsˌfeɪdər/Π
1940 Royal Engineers Jrnl. 54 20 There will be a two-way switch marked ‘microphone’ and ‘gramophone’, or the control may be of the cross-fader type, working in the manner of a two-way tap.
1975 Billboard 4 Jan. 10/1 (advt.) Features... Auto start up of turntables controlled by crossfaders.
1991 ‘YoYo’ Dope Femininity (song) in L. A. Stanley Rap: the Lyrics (1992) 389 On the cross fader He's as evil as Darth Vader.
1997 R. Pilbrow Stage Lighting Design xliii. 383/3 Masterpiece features..512 dimmers with proportional soft patch, two independent crossfaders, and ten user-definable macros.
2007 Times 15 Dec. (Mag.) 16/4 Bring out your inner DJ with the first hand-held wireless DJing controller... It mixes all MP3, WMA and WAV files, has a crossfader, two volume and pitch sliders, [etc.].
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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