cudgeln.

/ˈkʌdʒəl/

Forms: Old English cycgel, kycgel, kicgel, Middle English kuggel, 1500s cogell, coogell, kedgell, northern kidgell, quodgell, 1500s–1600s cogil(l, cudgell, 1600s coggell, cuggel, cudgil, 1500s— cudgel.

Etymology: Old English cycgel, kicgel, of which the Old Germanic type would be *kuggilo-; but nothing is known of it in the cognate languages. Original y has become ŭ, as in blush, clutch, much.

a. A short thick stick used as a weapon; a club.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > club or stick > [noun]

sowelc893

treec893

cudgelc897

stinga900

bat?c1225

sticka1275

clubc1275

truncheon14..

bourdonc1325

bastona1400

warderera1400

plantc1400

kibble1411

playloomc1440

hurlbatc1450

ploykc1450

rung1491

libberlac1500

waster1533

batonc1550

macana1555

libbet1562

bastinado1574

crab-tree comb1593

tomahawkc1612

billeta1616

wiper1622

batoon1637

gibbeta1640

crab-bat1647

kibbo1688

Indian club1694

batterdasher1696

crab-stick1703

bloodwipea1705

bludgeon1730

kierie1731

oaken towel1739

crab1740

shillelagh1772

knobstick1783

pogamogganc1788

whirlbat1791

nulla-nulla1798

waddy1800

kevel1807

supple1815

mere1820

hurlet1825

knobkerrie1826

blackthorn1829

bastera1833

twig1842

leangle1845

alpeen1847

banger1849

billy1856

thwack-stave1857

clump1868

cosh1869

nulla1878

sap1899

waddy1899

blunt instrument1923

c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xl. 297 Ðæt hie mid ðæm kycglum [Cott. kyclum] hiera worda [L. verborum jacula] ongean hiera ierre worpigen.

a899 K. Ælfred Solil. August. in Paul & Br. Beitr. IV. 110 [Ic] gaderode me þonne kigclas and stuþan sceaftas.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 215 Wið þe halirode stef þet him is laðest cuggel lei onþe dogge deouel.

1566 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 252 This deponent had a lytell cogell.

1575–6 in J. Raine Depositions Courts Durham (1845) 295 [He] lyfted up his staff or kidgell.

1578 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 19 To John Hedworthe,..my browne kedgell stafe for a token.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iv. ii. 80 Heauen guide him to thy husbands cudgell: and the diuell guide his cudgell afterwards.

1618 S. Rowlands Night-raven (1620) 29 Tom with his cudgell, well bebasts his bones.

a1680 J. Bargrave Pope Alexander VII (1867) ii. 121 I saw..a coggell of wood hanging in a small rope.

1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. ii. vi. 105 I prepared two round Sticks about the bigness of common Cudgels.

1836 F. Marryat Japhet III. xxv. 311 Saluting him with several blows on his head with his cudgel.

b. in plural. Short for: A contest with cudgels; = cudgel-play n.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > fencing > fencing or exercise with sticks or cudgels > [noun]

waster1519

wastership1575

single billeta1625

cudgels1630

quarterstaff1631

cudgel-playa1635

back-sword1699

cudgel-playing1717

hurlbatting1744

single-stick1771

short-staff1775

cudgelling1787

stick fighting1845

stick play1849

back-swording1857

kendo1921

1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 27 One of our lusty ploughmen..would at fisty-cuffes or cudgels soundly beclowt a Hollander.

1663 J. Heath Flagellum (ed. 2) 8 Players at Foot-ball, Cudgels, or any other boysterous sport.

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 434. ¶2 They learned to Box and play at Cudgels.

1800 W. Windham Speeches Parl. (1812) I. 335 If a set of poor men..prefer a game of cudgels.

1819 Reading Mercury 24 May A good hat to be played for at cudgels.

2. figurative, esp. in to take up the cudgels: to engage in a vigorous contest or debate (for, in defence of, on behalf of). So †to give up or cross the cudgels: ‘to forbear the contest, from the practice of cudgel-players to lay one over the other’ (Johnson).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > be irresolute or vacillate [verb (intransitive)] > give way or give in

benda1400

sink?a1513

to give over1530

to cry creak?1562

yield1576

to hold up1596

succumb1604

to give in1616

to hoist, lower, strike the topsaila1629

to cry cravena1634

to give up or cross the cudgels1654

incumb1656

to fall in1667

to knock under1670

to knock under board, under (the) table1692

to strike underc1730

knuckle down1735

to throw (also chuck) up the sponge1860

chuck up (the sponge)1864

to throw in one's hand1893

to sky the wipe (or towel)1907

to drop one's bundle1915

to throw (chuck, or toss) in the towel1915

to buckle up1927

society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > contend [verb (intransitive)] > engage on behalf of or against something

stickle1625

to take up the bucklers1647

to take up the cudgels1654

the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > support or encouragement > support or encourage [verb (transitive)] > support or defend

to stand by ——OE

to speak for ——a1300

to stand for ——1384

maintainc1390

to stand up for1562

to stand out for?c1576

to stand to ——1582

patronize1595

stickle1632

to stick up for1792

championize1840

champion1844

to take up the cudgels1869

1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 233 [Writers] taking up the Cudgels on one side or other.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Westmorl. 140 Mr. Chillingworth..took up the Cudgells against him.

1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 95 Which forc'd the Stubborn'st for the Cause, To cross the Cudgels to the Laws.

1691 A. Gavin Frauds Romish Monks 414 Tho' I did not immediately give up the Cudgels.

1692 R. L'Estrange Fables cccii. 265 To Contend..and then, either to Cross the Cudgells, or to be Baffled in the Conclusion.

1853 W. M. Thackeray Eng. Humourists v. 247 He had..wielded for years the cudgels of controversy.

1869 A. Trollope He knew he was Right I. i. 7 His wife had taken up the cudgels for her friend.

Compounds

cudgel-cracking, cudgel-proof adj. See also cudgel-play n., cudgel-player n., cudgel-playing n. at cudgel-play n. Derivatives.

ΚΠ

1620 Swetnam Arraign'd (1880) 10 A Master..of the magnanimous Method of Cudgell-cracking.

1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. i. 23 His Doublet was of sturdy Buff, And though not Sword- yet Cudgel-proof.

1775 ‘J. Collier’ Musical Trav. (ed. 2) 75 A skin which must be cudgel-proof.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

cudgelv.

Etymology: < cudgel n.

a. transitive. To beat or thrash with a cudgel.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of striking with specific blunt weapon > strike with specific blunt weapon [verb (transitive)]

mellc1440

wapper1481

bebat1565

rib-roast1570

batonc1580

flail1582

club1593

bastonate1596

cudgel1598

rib-baste1598

shrub1599

truncheon1600

cut1607

scutch1611

macea1634

batoon1683

towel1705

quarterstaff1709

pole1728

handspike1836

blackjack1847

bludgeon1868

sandbag1887

cosh1922

sap1926

pistol-whip1930

knuckle-dust1962

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. iii. 140 He cald you iacke, and saide hee woulde cudgel you.

1679 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 473 John Dreyden the poet..was about 8 at night soundly cudgell'd by 3 men.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 221 Sometimes he was knocked down: sometimes he was cudgelled.

b. figurative.

ΚΠ

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. i. 56 Cudgell thy braines no more about it.

1679–1714 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Reformation To terrify the court of Rome, and cudgel the Pope into a compliance with what he desired.

1849 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis (1850) I. xv. 131 When a gentleman is cudgelling his brain to find any rhyme for sorrow, besides borrow and to-morrow.

a1859 T. De Quincey China (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1871) XVI. 254 Luckily we have..cudgelled them out of this hellish doctrine.

2. intransitive. To play cudgels for: see cudgel n. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > fencing > fencing or exercise with sticks or cudgels > fence with sticks or cudgels [verb (intransitive)]

stave1663

to play a good stick?a1800

cudgel1840

single-stick1900

1840 W. M. Thackeray Catherine xii, in Fraser's Mag. Jan. 114/1 Monsieur Figue gives a hat to be cudgelled for.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2019).

单词	cudgel
释义	cudgeln. /ˈkʌdʒəl/ Forms: Old English cycgel, kycgel, kicgel, Middle English kuggel, 1500s cogell, coogell, kedgell, northern kidgell, quodgell, 1500s–1600s cogil(l, cudgell, 1600s coggell, cuggel, cudgil, 1500s— cudgel. Etymology: Old English cycgel, kicgel, of which the Old Germanic type would be kuggilo-; but nothing is known of it in the cognate languages. Original y has become ŭ, as in blush, clutch, much. 1. a. A short thick stick used as a weapon; a club. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > club or stick > [noun] sowelc893 treec893 cudgelc897 stinga900 bat?c1225 sticka1275 clubc1275 truncheon14.. bourdonc1325 bastona1400 warderera1400 plantc1400 kibble1411 playloomc1440 hurlbatc1450 ploykc1450 rung1491 libberlac1500 waster1533 batonc1550 macana1555 libbet1562 bastinado1574 crab-tree comb1593 tomahawkc1612 billeta1616 wiper1622 batoon1637 gibbeta1640 crab-bat1647 kibbo1688 Indian club1694 batterdasher1696 crab-stick1703 bloodwipea1705 bludgeon1730 kierie1731 oaken towel1739 crab1740 shillelagh1772 knobstick1783 pogamogganc1788 whirlbat1791 nulla-nulla1798 waddy1800 kevel1807 supple1815 mere1820 hurlet1825 knobkerrie1826 blackthorn1829 bastera1833 twig1842 leangle1845 alpeen1847 banger1849 billy1856 thwack-stave1857 clump1868 cosh1869 nulla1878 sap1899 waddy1899 blunt instrument1923 c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care* xl. 297 Ðæt hie mid ðæm kycglum [Cott. kyclum] hiera worda [L. verborum jacula] ongean hiera ierre worpigen. a899 K. Ælfred Solil. August. in Paul & Br. Beitr. IV. 110 [Ic] gaderode me þonne kigclas and stuþan sceaftas. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 215 Wið þe halirode stef þet him is laðest cuggel lei onþe dogge deouel. 1566 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 252 This deponent had a lytell cogell. 1575–6 in J. Raine Depositions Courts Durham (1845) 295 [He] lyfted up his staff or kidgell. 1578 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 19 To John Hedworthe,..my browne kedgell stafe for a token. a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iv. ii. 80 Heauen guide him to thy husbands cudgell: and the diuell guide his cudgell afterwards. View more context for this quotation 1618 S. Rowlands Night-raven (1620) 29 Tom with his cudgell, well bebasts his bones. a1680 J. Bargrave Pope Alexander VII (1867) ii. 121 I saw..a coggell of wood hanging in a small rope. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. ii. vi. 105 I prepared two round Sticks about the bigness of common Cudgels. 1836 F. Marryat Japhet III. xxv. 311 Saluting him with several blows on his head with his cudgel. b. in plural. Short for: A contest with cudgels; = cudgel-play n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > fencing > fencing or exercise with sticks or cudgels > [noun] waster1519 wastership1575 single billeta1625 cudgels1630 quarterstaff1631 cudgel-playa1635 back-sword1699 cudgel-playing1717 hurlbatting1744 single-stick1771 short-staff1775 cudgelling1787 stick fighting1845 stick play1849 back-swording1857 kendo1921 1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 27 One of our lusty ploughmen..would at fisty-cuffes or cudgels soundly beclowt a Hollander. 1663 J. Heath Flagellum (ed. 2) 8 Players at Foot-ball, Cudgels, or any other boysterous sport. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 434. ¶2 They learned to Box and play at Cudgels. 1800 W. Windham Speeches Parl. (1812) I. 335 If a set of poor men..prefer a game of cudgels. 1819 Reading Mercury 24 May A good hat to be played for at cudgels. 2. figurative, esp. in to take up the cudgels: to engage in a vigorous contest or debate (for, in defence of, on behalf of). So †to give up or cross the cudgels: ‘to forbear the contest, from the practice of cudgel-players to lay one over the other’ (Johnson). ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > be irresolute or vacillate [verb (intransitive)] > give way or give in benda1400 sink?a1513 to give over1530 to cry creak?1562 yield1576 to hold up1596 succumb1604 to give in1616 to hoist, lower, strike the topsaila1629 to cry cravena1634 to give up or cross the cudgels1654 incumb1656 to fall in1667 to knock under1670 to knock under board, under (the) table1692 to strike underc1730 knuckle down1735 to throw (also chuck) up the sponge1860 chuck up (the sponge)1864 to throw in one's hand1893 to sky the wipe (or towel)1907 to drop one's bundle1915 to throw (chuck, or toss) in the towel1915 to buckle up1927 society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > contend [verb (intransitive)] > engage on behalf of or against something stickle1625 to take up the bucklers1647 to take up the cudgels1654 the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > support or encouragement > support or encourage [verb (transitive)] > support or defend to stand by ——OE to speak for ——a1300 to stand for ——1384 maintainc1390 to stand up for1562 to stand out for?c1576 to stand to ——1582 patronize1595 stickle1632 to stick up for1792 championize1840 champion1844 to take up the cudgels1869 1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 233 [Writers] taking up the Cudgels on one side or other. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Westmorl. 140 Mr. Chillingworth..took up the Cudgells against him. 1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 95 Which forc'd the Stubborn'st for the Cause, To cross the Cudgels to the Laws. 1691 A. Gavin Frauds Romish Monks 414 Tho' I did not immediately give up the Cudgels. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables cccii. 265 To Contend..and then, either to Cross the Cudgells, or to be Baffled in the Conclusion. 1853 W. M. Thackeray Eng. Humourists v. 247 He had..wielded for years the cudgels of controversy. 1869 A. Trollope He knew he was Right I. i. 7 His wife had taken up the cudgels for her friend. Compounds cudgel-cracking, cudgel-proof adj. See also cudgel-play n., cudgel-player n., cudgel-playing n. at cudgel-play n. Derivatives. ΚΠ 1620 Swetnam Arraign'd (1880) 10 A Master..of the magnanimous Method of Cudgell-cracking. 1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. i. 23 His Doublet was of sturdy Buff, And though not Sword- yet Cudgel-proof. 1775 ‘J. Collier’ Musical Trav. (ed. 2) 75 A skin which must be cudgel-proof. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online September 2021). cudgelv. Etymology: < cudgel n. 1. a. transitive. To beat or thrash with a cudgel. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of striking with specific blunt weapon > strike with specific blunt weapon [verb (transitive)] mellc1440 wapper1481 bebat1565 rib-roast1570 batonc1580 flail1582 club1593 bastonate1596 cudgel1598 rib-baste1598 shrub1599 truncheon1600 cut1607 scutch1611 macea1634 batoon1683 towel1705 quarterstaff1709 pole1728 handspike1836 blackjack1847 bludgeon1868 sandbag1887 cosh1922 sap1926 pistol-whip1930 knuckle-dust1962 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. iii. 140 He cald you iacke, and saide hee woulde cudgel you. View more context for this quotation 1679 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 473 John Dreyden the poet..was about 8 at night soundly cudgell'd by 3 men. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 221 Sometimes he was knocked down: sometimes he was cudgelled. b. figurative. ΚΠ 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. i. 56 Cudgell thy braines no more about it. View more context for this quotation 1679–1714 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Reformation To terrify the court of Rome, and cudgel the Pope into a compliance with what he desired. 1849 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis (1850) I. xv. 131 When a gentleman is cudgelling his brain to find any rhyme for sorrow, besides borrow and to-morrow. a1859 T. De Quincey China (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1871) XVI. 254 Luckily we have..cudgelled them out of this hellish doctrine. 2. intransitive. To play cudgels for: see cudgel n. 1b. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > fencing > fencing or exercise with sticks or cudgels > fence with sticks or cudgels [verb (intransitive)] stave1663 to play a good stick?a1800 cudgel1840 single-stick1900 1840 W. M. Thackeray Catherine xii, in Fraser's Mag. Jan. 114/1 Monsieur Figue gives a hat to be cudgelled for. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2019). < n.c897v.1598
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