Crimn.¹

Brit.

/krɪm/, U.S.

/krɪm/

Forms: 1500s–1600s Crimme, 1500s–1700s Chrim, 1500s– Crim, 1600s– Krim.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Krym′′.

Etymology: < Old Russian Krym′′ (late 15th cent.; Russian Krym ), the name of a peninsula lying between the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea < a word meaning ‘rampart’, ‘ditch’, or ‘fortress’ in either a Turkic language or a Mongolian language (the precise etymon is uncertain). In sense 1 probably after Old Russian krymec′′ (although this is apparently first attested slightly later: 1574 or earlier; Russian krymec ) < Krym′′ + -ec′′ , suffix forming nouns (compare Polovtsy n.).

Now historical.

1. A native or inhabitant of the Crimea, spec. a Crimean Tartar. Now rare.

ΚΠ

c1560 A. Jenkinson Voy. to Boghar in R. Hakluyt Principal Navigations (1903) II. 451 All merchants, as well Russes and Cazanites, as Nagayans and Crimmes.

1625 M. Broniovius in S. Purchas Pilgrimes III. iii. 637 The Taurican or Chersonesen Tartars..are now called Perecopen or Crims.

1734 N. Tindal tr. D. Cantemir Hist. Growth & Decay Othman Empire I. iii. 127 By the confession of the Tartars themselves, as ten Crims are more than a match for fifteen Bujakians, so five Chercassians are more than equal to ten Crims.

1855 W. H. Russell War lxxvii. 466 The Russians have had to throw themselves on our mercy and protection against the savage acts of the Krims.

1903 J. H. Roberts Flight for Life xxii. 234 In 1555, the Russians having taken Kasan and Astrakhan, the Krims attacked Moscow.

2. Chiefly with the. The Crimea. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe Common Wealth ii. f. 6 The eight [river] Ocka..fetcheth his head from the borders of the Chrim.

a1682 S. Clarke New Descr. World (1689) 145 There are yet another sort of this people called Crimesian Tartars, inhabiting the Crim, on the Fenns of Meotis and borders of Moscovy and Poland.

1786 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 645/2 The highlands, or hilly country, form the Southern part of the Krim.

1843 Proc. Philol. Soc. (1844) 1 109 The men of the Crim, or as we now call it, the Crimea.

1917 H. De Windt Russia as I know It 185 ‘Crim’ or Crimea is a Tartar name.

Compounds

Crim Tartar n. = Crimean Tartar n. at Crimean adj. and n. Compounds.

ΚΠ

1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe Common Wealth xix. f. 72^v Some thinke that the Turkes tooke their beginning from the nation of the Chrim Tartars.

a1626 J. Horsey Relacion Trav. in E. A. Bond Russia at Close of 16th Cent. (1856) 158 He had continuall warrs with the Crimme Tartor, who did sore anoye him..with their yearly incourcions.

1798 Monthly Rev. Oct. 156 The antient Government of the Krim Tartars.

1856 E. A. Bond Russia at Close of 16th Cent. Introd. 29 An invasion of the Crim Tartars..under the leadership of their khan.

2006 H. Lamb Wolf of Steppes Introd. p. xvii They struck deep into the domains of the Crim Tartars and the Turks.

Crim Tartary n. the region inhabited by the Crimean Tartars; the Crimea.

ΚΠ

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes III. Alphabet. Table sig. aaa2^v Assow or Asaph in Crim-Tartarie.

1764 W. Guthrie et al. Gen. Hist. World VIII. 306 Peter, czar of Muscovy, attempted to take Asoph, one of the principal towns of Krim-Tartary.

1880 Harper's Mag. July 305/2 There is a terrible legend of Crim-Tartary, concerning a very massive and imposing edifice, which is also very ancient.

2000 S. S. Montefiore Prince of Princes (2001) xvii. 244 The Tartar Khanate of the Crimea, known in the West as Crim Tartary, was a state that seemed archaic even in 1782.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

crimn.²

Brit.

/krɪm/, U.S.

/krɪm/, Australian English

/krɪm/, New Zealand English

/krɪm/

Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: criminal n.

Etymology: Shortened < criminal n.It is not clear whether the following record of use as a graphic abbreviation shows any connection with the later use:1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. (1915) (at cited word) Crim. Abbr. Criminal.

Chiefly Australian and New Zealand slang.

= criminal n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > crime > a criminal or law-breaker

waryOE

wandelard1338

breakerc1384

malefactora1438

law-breakerc1440

misgovernora1449

malfetoura1450

wrongdoer1501

contravener1567

criminal1610

contravenary1614

mug1865

crook1879

outlaw1880

punter1891

kink1914

heavy man1926

crim1927

antisocial1945

villain1960

banduluc1977

1927 Truth (Sydney) 12 June 15/2 The Razor Gang has terrorised the underworld of Darlinghurst, that region of bohemia, crims and mystery.

1953 K. Tennant Joyful Condemned xxii. 212 Some of the fellow crims remarked on it in filthy language.

1970 J. Cleary Helga's Web 22 You're making it pretty bloody crook, ain't you? Asking me to think like a crim!

1987 K. Lette Girls' Night Out (1989) 171 Kerrie went red in the face. It was a melt down. Crims have this effect on women.

2004 Loaded Mar. 75/3 What you probably didn't know was that even if the crims get busted in Spain, they live the high life.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† crimv.

Forms:

α. late Middle English kryme, 1500s crym, 1500s crymme.

β. late Middle English creme, late Middle English kreme, 1700s cream.

Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: English *crymman.

Etymology: Apparently the reflex of Old English *crymman (unattested as a simplex; however, compare gecrymman to crumble (bread): see below) < the same Germanic base as crumb n. Perhaps compare creem v.In Old English the prefixed form gecrymman to crumble (bread) (compare y- prefix) is attested:OE Prose Charm: Blessing for Crops (Vitell. E.xviii) in N. R. Ker Catal. MSS containing Anglo-Saxon (1957) 300 And nim o[f] ðam gehalgedan hlafe..feower snæda, & gecryme on þa feower hyrna..þæs berenes.

Obsolete.

1. transitive. To crumble (bread, egg yolks, etc.); to scatter crumbs upon or into (a dish).

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > crumble

crumbc1430

offe?1440

undurec1440

crima1450

crumblea1475

murla1525

mool1595

shatter1891

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > garnishing > garnish [verb (transitive)] > cover with crumbs

crima1450

crumb1579

bread?1600

breadcrumb1817

to egg and crumb1834

gratiné1978

a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 35 Take hard ȝolkys of Eyroun, & kryme a gode quantyte þer-to.

c1450 Practica Phisicalia John of Burgundy in H. Schöffler Mittelengl. Medizinlit. (1919) 207 Take wyȝte brede and tost yt well and creme yt smale.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 501/2 I crym breed into a dysshe..Thou haste eaten thy potage or I can crymme my dyssche.

2. intransitive. English regional (Kent). To crumble, fall to pieces.

ΚΠ

1736 S. Pegge Alphabet of Kenticisms Cream, to crumble. Hops, when they are too much dried, are said to cream, i.e. to crumble to pieces. ‘To cream one's dish’, to put the bread into it, in order to pour the milk upon it.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

n.¹c1560

n.²1927

v.a1450

单词	crim
释义	Crimn.¹ Brit. /krɪm/, U.S. /krɪm/ Forms: 1500s–1600s Crimme, 1500s–1700s Chrim, 1500s– Crim, 1600s– Krim. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Krym′′. Etymology: < Old Russian Krym′′ (late 15th cent.; Russian Krym ), the name of a peninsula lying between the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea < a word meaning ‘rampart’, ‘ditch’, or ‘fortress’ in either a Turkic language or a Mongolian language (the precise etymon is uncertain). In sense 1 probably after Old Russian krymec′′ (although this is apparently first attested slightly later: 1574 or earlier; Russian krymec ) < Krym′′ + -ec′′ , suffix forming nouns (compare Polovtsy n.). Now historical. 1. A native or inhabitant of the Crimea, spec. a Crimean Tartar. Now rare. ΚΠ c1560 A. Jenkinson Voy. to Boghar in R. Hakluyt Principal Navigations (1903) II. 451 All merchants, as well Russes and Cazanites, as Nagayans and Crimmes. 1625 M. Broniovius in S. Purchas Pilgrimes III. iii. 637 The Taurican or Chersonesen Tartars..are now called Perecopen or Crims. 1734 N. Tindal tr. D. Cantemir Hist. Growth & Decay Othman Empire I. iii. 127 By the confession of the Tartars themselves, as ten Crims are more than a match for fifteen Bujakians, so five Chercassians are more than equal to ten Crims. 1855 W. H. Russell War lxxvii. 466 The Russians have had to throw themselves on our mercy and protection against the savage acts of the Krims. 1903 J. H. Roberts Flight for Life xxii. 234 In 1555, the Russians having taken Kasan and Astrakhan, the Krims attacked Moscow. 2. Chiefly with the. The Crimea. Now rare. ΚΠ 1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe Common Wealth ii. f. 6 The eight [river] Ocka..fetcheth his head from the borders of the Chrim. a1682 S. Clarke New Descr. World (1689) 145 There are yet another sort of this people called Crimesian Tartars, inhabiting the Crim, on the Fenns of Meotis and borders of Moscovy and Poland. 1786 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 645/2 The highlands, or hilly country, form the Southern part of the Krim. 1843 Proc. Philol. Soc. (1844) 1 109 The men of the Crim, or as we now call it, the Crimea. 1917 H. De Windt Russia as I know It 185 ‘Crim’ or Crimea is a Tartar name. Compounds Crim Tartar n. = Crimean Tartar n. at Crimean adj. and n. Compounds. ΚΠ 1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe Common Wealth xix. f. 72^v Some thinke that the Turkes tooke their beginning from the nation of the Chrim Tartars. a1626 J. Horsey Relacion Trav. in E. A. Bond Russia at Close of 16th Cent. (1856) 158 He had continuall warrs with the Crimme Tartor, who did sore anoye him..with their yearly incourcions. 1798 Monthly Rev. Oct. 156 The antient Government of the Krim Tartars. 1856 E. A. Bond Russia at Close of 16th Cent. Introd. 29 An invasion of the Crim Tartars..under the leadership of their khan. 2006 H. Lamb Wolf of Steppes Introd. p. xvii They struck deep into the domains of the Crim Tartars and the Turks. Crim Tartary n. the region inhabited by the Crimean Tartars; the Crimea. ΚΠ 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes III. Alphabet. Table sig. aaa2^v Assow or Asaph in Crim-Tartarie. 1764 W. Guthrie et al. Gen. Hist. World VIII. 306 Peter, czar of Muscovy, attempted to take Asoph, one of the principal towns of Krim-Tartary. 1880 Harper's Mag. July 305/2 There is a terrible legend of Crim-Tartary, concerning a very massive and imposing edifice, which is also very ancient. 2000 S. S. Montefiore Prince of Princes (2001) xvii. 244 The Tartar Khanate of the Crimea, known in the West as Crim Tartary, was a state that seemed archaic even in 1782. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). crimn.² Brit. /krɪm/, U.S. /krɪm/, Australian English /krɪm/, New Zealand English /krɪm/ Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: criminal n. Etymology: Shortened < criminal n.It is not clear whether the following record of use as a graphic abbreviation shows any connection with the later use:1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. (1915) (at cited word) Crim. Abbr. Criminal. Chiefly Australian and New Zealand slang. = criminal n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > crime > a criminal or law-breaker waryOE wandelard1338 breakerc1384 malefactora1438 law-breakerc1440 misgovernora1449 malfetoura1450 wrongdoer1501 contravener1567 criminal1610 contravenary1614 mug1865 crook1879 outlaw1880 punter1891 kink1914 heavy man1926 crim1927 antisocial1945 villain1960 banduluc1977 1927 Truth (Sydney) 12 June 15/2 The Razor Gang has terrorised the underworld of Darlinghurst, that region of bohemia, crims and mystery. 1953 K. Tennant Joyful Condemned xxii. 212 Some of the fellow crims remarked on it in filthy language. 1970 J. Cleary Helga's Web 22 You're making it pretty bloody crook, ain't you? Asking me to think like a crim! 1987 K. Lette Girls' Night Out (1989) 171 Kerrie went red in the face. It was a melt down. Crims have this effect on women. 2004 Loaded Mar. 75/3 What you probably didn't know was that even if the crims get busted in Spain, they live the high life. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † crimv. Forms: α. late Middle English kryme, 1500s crym, 1500s crymme. β. late Middle English creme, late Middle English kreme, 1700s cream. Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: English crymman. Etymology: Apparently the reflex of Old English crymman (unattested as a simplex; however, compare gecrymman to crumble (bread): see below) < the same Germanic base as crumb n. Perhaps compare creem v.In Old English the prefixed form gecrymman to crumble (bread) (compare y- prefix) is attested:OE Prose Charm: Blessing for Crops (Vitell. E.xviii) in N. R. Ker Catal. MSS containing Anglo-Saxon (1957) 300 And nim o[f] ðam gehalgedan hlafe..feower snæda, & gecryme on þa feower hyrna..þæs berenes. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To crumble (bread, egg yolks, etc.); to scatter crumbs upon or into (a dish). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > crumble crumbc1430 offe?1440 undurec1440 crima1450 crumblea1475 murla1525 mool1595 shatter1891 the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > garnishing > garnish [verb (transitive)] > cover with crumbs crima1450 crumb1579 bread?1600 breadcrumb1817 to egg and crumb1834 gratiné1978 a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 35 Take hard ȝolkys of Eyroun, & kryme a gode quantyte þer-to. c1450 Practica Phisicalia John of Burgundy in H. Schöffler Mittelengl. Medizinlit. (1919) 207 Take wyȝte brede and tost yt well and creme yt smale. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 501/2 I crym breed into a dysshe..Thou haste eaten thy potage or I can crymme my dyssche. 2. intransitive. English regional (Kent). To crumble, fall to pieces. ΚΠ 1736 S. Pegge Alphabet of Kenticisms Cream, to crumble. Hops, when they are too much dried, are said to cream, i.e. to crumble to pieces. ‘To cream one's dish’, to put the bread into it, in order to pour the milk upon it. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹c1560n.²1927v.a1450
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Crimn.1

Compounds

crimn.2

† crimv.

Crimn.¹

crimn.²