crenelcrenellen.

/ˈkrɛnəl/

/kriːˈnɛl/

Forms: Middle English (plural creneuls, creneaux), 1700s–1800s crennel, 1800s crenel, crenell(e.

Etymology: < Old French (12th cent.) crenel, plural creniaus (modern French créneau , -eaux ). Old French variants were kernel , karnel , whence also English carnel n.¹, kernel n.². The French word is apparently diminutive of cren , cran notch (of which however Littré has no example before 15th cent.); see crena n. and compare cranny n.¹

1. One of the open spaces or indentations alternating with the merlons or cops of an embattled parapet, used for shooting or launching projectiles upon the enemy; an embrasure: see battlement n. In plural = Battlements, embattled parapet.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > battlements > embrasure

kernel?c1225

cornelc1300

carnelc1320

cornerc1400

vent1429

loop1477

crenel1481

gun-hole1532

spike1577

cannonery1598

spike-hole1598

casemate1611

porthole1637

skitegate1677

embrasure1702

crenelet1860

port1946

1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) 179 It shold be fasted to the creneaux of the walle, with good and stronge crochettes of yron.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) cxx. 181 Thenne cam to the creneuls, and put oute his heede and called his peple.

1774 T. West Antiq. Furness (1805) 371 The walls..in most castles, were topped by a parapet, and a kind of embrasures called crennels.

1813 W. Scott Bridal of Triermain iii. ix. 140 Crenell and parapet appear.

1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose ii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. IV. 32 The..palisades should be artificially framed with re-entering angles and loop-holes, or crenelles, for musketry.

1877 H. Dixon Diana, Lady Lyle II. vii. i. 174 A high curtain of masonry, pierced by many windows, some mere crennels of defence, others embayed and mullioned.

2. Botany. = crenation n., crenature n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [noun] > part or side of

backsidec1392

cut1563

purl1626

ambitient1657

unguicle1657

verge1704

sinus1753

pagina1832

blade1835

crenel1835

biforine1842

underleaf1873

tentacle1875

bullation1882

leaf skin1974

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > indentation or cavity > [noun] > notch or indentation

incision1578

incisure1597

crenature1815

emargination1831

crenel1835

crenation1846

crenulation1846

1835 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. (1848) I. 271 When the..teeth are rounded, they become crenels.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

crenelv.

/ˈkrɛnəl/

Forms: Also crennel.

Etymology: < French créneler, < Old French crenel : see crenel n. Compare the parallel forms carnel n.¹, kernel n.²

rare.

transitive.

a. To embattle, to crenellate; also figurative. See also crenelled adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > wall [verb (transitive)] > furnish with embrasures

kernel1377

carnilate1577

crenellate1851

kernellate1851

embrasure1853

crenel1883

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 14646 Castels..bretaxed and carneled.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 753 Licence to fortifie and Kernel his mansion house.]

1840 R. Browning Sordello i. 284 The runnel slipped, Elate with rains..He..yet trod..on the stubs of living rock Ages ago it crenneled.

1883 H. E. Jerningham Norham Castle 170 A special licence..for the towers to be crennelled.

†b. To indent the edge of (a coin). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > coining > coin (money) [verb (transitive)] > specific processes

reduce1581

crenel1697

mill1724

crenate1868

to strike up1883

1697 J. Evelyn Numismata vii. 225 Crenneling of the small and thinner [moneys].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	crenel
释义	crenelcrenellen. /ˈkrɛnəl//kriːˈnɛl/ Forms: Middle English (plural creneuls, creneaux), 1700s–1800s crennel, 1800s crenel, crenell(e. Etymology: < Old French (12th cent.) crenel, plural creniaus (modern French créneau , -eaux ). Old French variants were kernel , karnel , whence also English carnel n.¹, kernel n.². The French word is apparently diminutive of cren , cran notch (of which however Littré has no example before 15th cent.); see crena n. and compare cranny n.¹ 1. One of the open spaces or indentations alternating with the merlons or cops of an embattled parapet, used for shooting or launching projectiles upon the enemy; an embrasure: see battlement n. In plural = Battlements, embattled parapet. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > battlements > embrasure kernel?c1225 cornelc1300 carnelc1320 cornerc1400 vent1429 loop1477 crenel1481 gun-hole1532 spike1577 cannonery1598 spike-hole1598 casemate1611 porthole1637 skitegate1677 embrasure1702 crenelet1860 port1946 1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) 179 It shold be fasted to the creneaux of the walle, with good and stronge crochettes of yron. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) cxx. 181 Thenne cam to the creneuls, and put oute his heede and called his peple. 1774 T. West Antiq. Furness (1805) 371 The walls..in most castles, were topped by a parapet, and a kind of embrasures called crennels. 1813 W. Scott Bridal of Triermain iii. ix. 140 Crenell and parapet appear. 1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose ii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. IV. 32 The..palisades should be artificially framed with re-entering angles and loop-holes, or crenelles, for musketry. 1877 H. Dixon Diana, Lady Lyle II. vii. i. 174 A high curtain of masonry, pierced by many windows, some mere crennels of defence, others embayed and mullioned. 2. Botany. = crenation n., crenature n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [noun] > part or side of backsidec1392 cut1563 purl1626 ambitient1657 unguicle1657 verge1704 sinus1753 pagina1832 blade1835 crenel1835 biforine1842 underleaf1873 tentacle1875 bullation1882 leaf skin1974 the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > indentation or cavity > [noun] > notch or indentation incision1578 incisure1597 crenature1815 emargination1831 crenel1835 crenation1846 crenulation1846 1835 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. (1848) I. 271 When the..teeth are rounded, they become crenels. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2021). crenelv. /ˈkrɛnəl/ Forms: Also crennel. Etymology: < French créneler, < Old French crenel : see crenel n. Compare the parallel forms carnel n.¹, kernel n.² rare. transitive. a. To embattle, to crenellate; also figurative. See also crenelled adj. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > wall [verb (transitive)] > furnish with embrasures kernel1377 carnilate1577 crenellate1851 kernellate1851 embrasure1853 crenel1883 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 14646 Castels..bretaxed and carneled. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 753 Licence to fortifie and Kernel his mansion house.] 1840 R. Browning Sordello i. 284 The runnel slipped, Elate with rains..He..yet trod..on the stubs of living rock Ages ago it crenneled. 1883 H. E. Jerningham Norham Castle 170 A special licence..for the towers to be crennelled. †b. To indent the edge of (a coin). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > coining > coin (money) [verb (transitive)] > specific processes reduce1581 crenel1697 mill1724 crenate1868 to strike up1883 1697 J. Evelyn Numismata vii. 225 Crenneling of the small and thinner [moneys]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1481v.1697
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