cravev.

Brit.

/kreɪv/, U.S.

/kreɪv/

Forms: Old English crafian, Middle English crauen, Middle English– craue, crave; (also Middle English crawyn, Middle English–1500s Scottish craif(f, crayff).

Etymology: Old English crafian < Old Germanic type *kraƀôjan; akin to which Old Norse had in same sense kręfja ( < kraƀjan), Swedish kräfva, Danish kræve to demand, require, exact: compare Old Norse krafa feminine craving, demand. Not known elsewhere in Germanic, but kraƀ-, kraf- has been conjectured to be the root of craft, with a radical sense of ‘to force, exact’.

†1.

a. transitive. To demand (a thing), to ask with authority, or by right. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > demand

bid971

ofgoOE

askOE

cravec1025

to call after ——?a1300

requirea1382

callc1430

protest1459

to call for ——1479

demand1489

speer1493

command1576

to put (also place, call, etc.) in (or into) requisition1831

requisition1874

c1025 Cnut's Sec. Laws 70 in Thorpe I. 412 Ȝif hwa wite crafige.

1070 OE. Chron. Þæt he [Lanfranc] mid rihte crafede þas þa he crafede.

1070 OE. Chron. Eal þæt se arceb' æt him crafede eadmedlice gefylde.

c1320 Cast. Love 249 And þeuwe and þral may not craue Þorw riht non heritage to haue.

c1320 Cast. Love 257 Þat mowe his heritage craue.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1667 Quat-so wilt for hire crauen Aske it wið skil and ðu salt hauen.

†b. To demand the presence of (a person) before a tribunal; to ‘appeal’, to summon; to prosecute. Obsolete. [Compare 11th cent. Anglo-Latin cravare ‘postulare, in judicium mittere’, Du Cange.]

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [verb (transitive)] > summon or issue summons against

cravec1000

summonc1300

summonda1400

convenec1425

cite1438

accitec1475

process1493

convent1538

convent1548

ascite1563

clepe and call1597

exact1607

sist1641

summons1659

c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 288 Ðæt man..crafode hine on hundrede.

a1300 E.E. Psalter cxviii. 121 Noght gif þou me to me cravand [L. persequentibus me].

a1300 E.E. Psalter cxviii. 122 Noght þe proude sal crave me [L. non calumnientur mihi superbi].

c. Here perhaps belongs the Scots Law use: To ask (as of right) from a legal tribunal.

ΚΠ

1681 J. Dalrymple Inst. Law Scotl. iv. 38 §28 [Entitled] to compete and crave preference.

1818 [see sense 3].

1881 Alloa Advertiser No. 1617. 3/1 They will crave interdict in the Court of Session.

a. To ask earnestly, to beg for (a thing), esp. as a gift or favour. Const. of, from (†at) a person.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)]

yearnOE

bid971

seek971

askOE

beseechc1175

banc1275

yerec1275

cravec1300

desirec1330

impetrec1374

praya1382

nurnc1400

pleadc1400

require1400

fraynec1430

proke1440

requisitea1475

wishc1515

supply1546

request1549

implore?c1550

to speak for ——1560

entreat1565

impetratec1565

obtest?1577

solicit1595

invoke1617

mendicate1618

petition1621

imprecate1636

conjurea1704

speer1724

canvass1768

kick1792

I will thank you to do so-and-so1813

quest1897

to hit a person up for1917

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 633 He sat up, and crauede bred.

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 60 Þe erle com himself mercy for to craue.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8400 For na gerning þat i haue, Ani couenand of þe to craue.

a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. C3^v To craue some succour of the iolly Frier.

1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits xiv. 239 Salomon..craued wisdom from heauen.

1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet i. v. 110 Madam your mother craues a word with you.

1611 Bible (King James) Mark xv. 43 Ioseph..went in boldly vnto Pilate, and craued the body of Iesus.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 193. ⁋3 I the rather make bold to crave your Advice.

1840 W. Irving Chron. Wolfert's Roost (1855) 339 The cavalier..knelt and craved a benediction.

1868 J. T. Nettleship Ess. Browning's Poetry ii. 73 I must crave the indulgence of the philosophic reader.

b. Often in the courteous or apologetic phrases to crave pardon, to crave leave, etc. Cf. beg v. 3.

ΚΠ

1576 F. Thynne Let. 13 Mar. in Animaduersions (1875) p. liv Cravinge pardonne for my tedious writinge.

1667 J. Dryden Let. to Sir R. Howard in Annus Mirabilis 1666 Pref. I must crave leave to tell you.

1736 G. Berkeley Disc. Magistr. in Wks. (1871) III. 421 I shall crave leave to make use of some unsuspected testimonies.

1820 W. Scott Monastery II. iii. 94 I crave leave to observe, that [etc.].

1849 G. P. R. James Woodman I. v. 82 Let me crave pardon for having detained you so long.

c. To beg to know; ask to be told or informed.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > ask, enquire [verb (transitive)] > as a request

desire1477

demand1549

cravea1616

a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) ii. i. 179 If she denie to wed, Ile craue the day When I shall aske the banes.

1735 A. Pope Satires of Donne iv, in Wks. II. 67 Permit (he cries) no stranger to your fame To crave your sentiment.

1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. viii. 49 And craved my name.

d. To crave to do, or that something be done.

ΚΠ

c1175 Pater Noster 74 in Lamb. Hom. 59 His nome..he hit haleȝe þet we crauen.

c1450 Sidrak & Bokkus (Laud) f. 5^v I woll not craue Yooure doughter ne yoour tresoure to haue.

1578 T. Nicholas tr. F. Lopez de Gómara Pleasant Hist. Conquest W. India Pref 8 I do..but onely crave that it may please thee [etc.].

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. ii. 46 When Ladyes craue to be encountred with.

1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 52 Here are no lawes made, here onely the execution of law is crav'd might be suspended.

a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) ii. 4 The Keeper craved to be heard.

e. To crave of a person to do a thing (obsolete), or that he do something.

ΚΠ

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. ii. sig. B6^v Crauing of you in pitty of my state, To doe none ill.

1833 H. Martineau Cinnamon & Pearls iv. 65 The verdure seemed to crave of the light clouds..that they would descend in showers.

3. To ask, request (a person) of, after, for a thing, to do something; also, with double object, a person a thing.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > a person to do something

crave?c1225

seek1362

requirec1380

aska1400

require1415

to call upon ——a1450

will?1457

requestc1485

bespeaka1616

beg1675

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 1 [Ȝe]..habbeð moni dei icraued [on] me efter riwle.

1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. iv. 278 Maistres þat techen clerkes crauen hure for mede.

a1400–50 Alexander (Ashm.) 887 Litill kyngis..Caires into þe curte to craue him þar dettis.

1471 G. Ripley Compound of Alchymy v, in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 160 Dyscover yt not whoever thee crave.

1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados iv. viii. 45 His auld promyse, na mare wil I him craif.

1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders sig. g5 None of those who are pleased to accept it, are craved to Patronize it.

1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xi, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. I. 329 The crown, says he, canna be craved to prove a positive.

4. To ask (a debtor) for payment, to dun. Scottish.

ΚΠ

1812 W. Ingram Poems 75 (Jam.) He..strives to pay what he is due, Without repeated craving.

1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. (at cited word) I crav'd him whenever I met him.

5. transferred. Of persons (their appetites, etc.): To long or yearn for, to desire earnestly; to call for or demand, in order to gratify a desire or appetite; to have a craving for.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > strong or eager desire > desire strongly or eagerly [verb (transitive)] > crave

thirstc950

hungerc1000

becravea1325

cravea1400

a1400–50 Alexander 4442 Ȝe couett & craue castels & rewmes.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 86 Who so ploweth his Olyue Garden, craueth fruite.

1611 Bible (King James) Prov. xvi. 26 His mouth craueth it of him.

1669 W. Penn No Cross, No Crown i. v. §11 What the Eye views not, the Heart craves not.

1737 A. Pope Epist. of Horace ii. ii. 14 If, when the more you drink, the more you crave, You tell the Doctor.

1875 A. Helps Aids Contentm. in Ess. 11 Each of us craves a recognition of his talents and his labours.

1890 W. Besant Demoniac v. 57 The thing..that feeds the disease and that the disease constantly craves.

6. figurative. Of things. To need greatly, to require, to call for, demand (something necessary or desirable). (Const. also with infinitive or object clause.)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > need or want > need [verb (transitive)] > require or demand

askOE

willa1225

requirec1425

crave1576

desire1577

exact1592

solicit1592

wish1600

postulate1605

expect1615

to look after ——a1616

seek1656

demand1748

1576 A. Fleming tr. Isocrates in Panoplie Epist. 156 Necessitie craveth, that with him..conference be not refused.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iv. f. 180^v Bees..craue diligent regarde, when they are about to swarme.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II ii. ii. 44 His designes craue haste.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iv. ii. 364.

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 183 The Ananas for goodnesse and shape may craue attention.

1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives (1879) I. 161 Other parts of matter..crave the force of fire as an informing soul.

1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iii. ix. 93 The time craves speed!

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe II. ii. 39 But come, fill a flagon, for it will crave some time to tune the harp.

a. intransitive. Const. for, after.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > make a request [verb (intransitive)] > for something

bid971

aska1200

seekc1366

cravec1386

entreat1427

inquire?a1513

beg1576

incall1591

urgea1616

woo1615

clamour1651

to call on ——1721

tout1731

spell1790

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > strong or eager desire > desire strongly or eagerly [verb (intransitive)] > crave

cravec1386

cluck1992

c1386 G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Prol. 518 (Harl.) What thyng we may not lightly haue, Therafter wol we sonnest crie and craue.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 25823 For es na man mai merci haue þat wil noght ask and efter craue.

c1440 York Myst. xxiv. 142 And for comforte þei call and craue.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. SSSv It wyll craue importunely for sustenaunce.

a1648 Ld. Herbert Occas. Verses (1665) 31 Once one may crave for love.

1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 47 Vices..like so many Harpies, craving for their accustomed Gratification.

a1862 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. (1869) III. v. 380 They taught the men of their generation to crave after the unseen.

b. absol.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > beg or be beggar [verb (intransitive)]

thigc1300

begc1384

crave1393

to go a-begged1393

prowl1530

to go (or have been) a begging1535

maund?1536

to bear the wallet1546

cant1567

prog1579

to turn to bag and wallet1582

skelder1602

maunder1611

strike1618

emendicate1623

mendicate1623

to go a-gooding1646

mump1685

shool1736

cadge1819

to stand pad1841

stag1860

bum1870

schnorr1875

panhandle1894

pling1915

stem1924

nickel-and-dime1942

1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. vii. 49 And non so bold beggere to bydden and craue.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. ii. 16 It is better hold that I haue Then go from doore to doore and craue.

1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres ii. 24 Not begging nor crauing with bolde and shamelesse faces.

1642 T. Fuller Holy State ii. xix.* 127 He who gives to day may crave to morrow.

1693 J. Dryden tr. Persius Satires iv. 50 Who, spite of all his store, Is ever Craving, and will still be Poor.

1865 S. Baring-Gould Bk. Were-wolves xiv. 248 At that time the old man was craving with hunger.

Derivatives

craved adj. begged, entreated.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > [adjective] > requested

askedOE

entreated1567

inquired1598

petitioned1609

craved1614

sued-for1615

mendicateda1643

invited1658

implored1659

solicited1833

1614 Bp. J. Hall Recoll. Treat. ii. 60 The last refuge of a craued, denied, and constrained courtesie?

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	crave
释义	craven. Brit. /kreɪv/, U.S. /kreɪv/ Etymology: < crave v. 1. =craving n. (Not in general use.) ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > strong or eager desire > [noun] > craving thirstc1175 hungriness1530 dropsy1548 hunger1548 hungriousness1549 appetite1605 hungering1638 bulimia1639 craving1692 letch1796 crave1830 1830 Fraser's Mag. 1 134 His crave and his vanity so far deluded him, that..he attempted to obtain distinction as an orator. 1862 Spectator 6 Dec. 1363/1 A crave for deeper knowledge. 1884 A. Forbes Chinese Gordon v. 144 The crave to be doing something had so overmastered him. 2. Scots Law. A demand or claim addressed to the court. (Cf. crave v. 1c). ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > claim at law > [noun] pretence1425 demand1485 title1534 crave1707 craving1913 1707 in C. D. Bentinck Dornoch Cathedral & Parish (1926) vii. 252 They might deem it to be their duty to grant Mr Bowie's crave for an Act of Transportability. 1938 St. Andrews Citizen 26 Mar. 2/2 Sheriff-Substitute D—— S—— granted declarator in terms of the crave. 1959 Earl Jowitt & C. Walsh Dict. Eng. Law I. 534/1 In sheriff court practice in Scotland part of the initial writ is called the crave. Derivatives ˈcraving n. = sense 2. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > claim at law > [noun] pretence1425 demand1485 title1534 crave1707 craving1913 1913 Act 2 & 3 George V c. 28 Sched. ii. (23) The sheriff may, at any time after the expiry of the induciae, upon a written craving being endorsed on the initial writ, decern in terms of the crave of the initial writ. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). cravev. Brit. /kreɪv/, U.S. /kreɪv/ Forms: Old English crafian, Middle English crauen, Middle English– craue, crave; (also Middle English crawyn, Middle English–1500s Scottish craif(f, crayff). Etymology: Old English crafian < Old Germanic type kraƀôjan; akin to which Old Norse had in same sense kręfja* ( < kraƀjan), Swedish kräfva, Danish kræve to demand, require, exact: compare Old Norse krafa feminine craving, demand. Not known elsewhere in Germanic, but kraƀ-, kraf- has been conjectured to be the root of craft, with a radical sense of ‘to force, exact’. †1. a. transitive. To demand (a thing), to ask with authority, or by right. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > demand bid971 ofgoOE askOE cravec1025 to call after ——?a1300 requirea1382 callc1430 protest1459 to call for ——1479 demand1489 speer1493 command1576 to put (also place, call, etc.) in (or into) requisition1831 requisition1874 c1025 Cnut's Sec. Laws 70 in Thorpe I. 412 Ȝif hwa wite crafige. 1070 OE. Chron. Þæt he [Lanfranc] mid rihte crafede þas þa he crafede. 1070 OE. Chron. Eal þæt se arceb' æt him crafede eadmedlice gefylde. c1320 Cast. Love 249 And þeuwe and þral may not craue Þorw riht non heritage to haue. c1320 Cast. Love 257 Þat mowe his heritage craue. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1667 Quat-so wilt for hire crauen Aske it wið skil and ðu salt hauen. †b. To demand the presence of (a person) before a tribunal; to ‘appeal’, to summon; to prosecute. Obsolete. [Compare 11th cent. Anglo-Latin cravare ‘postulare, in judicium mittere’, Du Cange.] ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [verb (transitive)] > summon or issue summons against cravec1000 summonc1300 summonda1400 convenec1425 cite1438 accitec1475 process1493 convent1538 convent1548 ascite1563 clepe and call1597 exact1607 sist1641 summons1659 c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 288 Ðæt man..crafode hine on hundrede. a1300 E.E. Psalter cxviii. 121 Noght gif þou me to me cravand [L. persequentibus me]. a1300 E.E. Psalter cxviii. 122 Noght þe proude sal crave me [L. non calumnientur mihi superbi]. c. Here perhaps belongs the Scots Law use: To ask (as of right) from a legal tribunal. ΚΠ 1681 J. Dalrymple Inst. Law Scotl. iv. 38 §28 [Entitled] to compete and crave preference. 1818 [see sense 3]. 1881 Alloa Advertiser No. 1617. 3/1 They will crave interdict in the Court of Session. 2. a. To ask earnestly, to beg for (a thing), esp. as a gift or favour. Const. of, from (†at) a person. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] yearnOE bid971 seek971 askOE beseechc1175 banc1275 yerec1275 cravec1300 desirec1330 impetrec1374 praya1382 nurnc1400 pleadc1400 require1400 fraynec1430 proke1440 requisitea1475 wishc1515 supply1546 request1549 implore?c1550 to speak for ——1560 entreat1565 impetratec1565 obtest?1577 solicit1595 invoke1617 mendicate1618 petition1621 imprecate1636 conjurea1704 speer1724 canvass1768 kick1792 I will thank you to do so-and-so1813 quest1897 to hit a person up for1917 c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 633 He sat up, and crauede bred. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 60 Þe erle com himself mercy for to craue. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8400 For na gerning þat i haue, Ani couenand of þe to craue. a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. C3^v To craue some succour of the iolly Frier. 1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits xiv. 239 Salomon..craued wisdom from heauen. 1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet i. v. 110 Madam your mother craues a word with you. View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) Mark xv. 43 Ioseph..went in boldly vnto Pilate, and craued the body of Iesus. View more context for this quotation 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 193. ⁋3 I the rather make bold to crave your Advice. 1840 W. Irving Chron. Wolfert's Roost (1855) 339 The cavalier..knelt and craved a benediction. 1868 J. T. Nettleship Ess. Browning's Poetry ii. 73 I must crave the indulgence of the philosophic reader. b. Often in the courteous or apologetic phrases to crave pardon, to crave leave, etc. Cf. beg v. 3. ΚΠ 1576 F. Thynne Let. 13 Mar. in Animaduersions (1875) p. liv Cravinge pardonne for my tedious writinge. 1667 J. Dryden Let. to Sir R. Howard in Annus Mirabilis 1666 Pref. I must crave leave to tell you. 1736 G. Berkeley Disc. Magistr. in Wks. (1871) III. 421 I shall crave leave to make use of some unsuspected testimonies. 1820 W. Scott Monastery II. iii. 94 I crave leave to observe, that [etc.]. 1849 G. P. R. James Woodman I. v. 82 Let me crave pardon for having detained you so long. c. To beg to know; ask to be told or informed. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > ask, enquire [verb (transitive)] > as a request desire1477 demand1549 cravea1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) ii. i. 179 If she denie to wed, Ile craue the day When I shall aske the banes. View more context for this quotation 1735 A. Pope Satires of Donne iv, in Wks. II. 67 Permit (he cries) no stranger to your fame To crave your sentiment. 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. viii. 49 And craved my name. d. To crave to do, or that something be done. ΚΠ c1175 Pater Noster 74 in Lamb. Hom. 59 His nome..he hit haleȝe þet we crauen. c1450 Sidrak & Bokkus (Laud) f. 5^v I woll not craue Yooure doughter ne yoour tresoure to haue. 1578 T. Nicholas tr. F. Lopez de Gómara Pleasant Hist. Conquest W. India Pref 8 I do..but onely crave that it may please thee [etc.]. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. ii. 46 When Ladyes craue to be encountred with. View more context for this quotation 1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 52 Here are no lawes made, here onely the execution of law is crav'd might be suspended. a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) ii. 4 The Keeper craved to be heard. e. To crave of a person to do a thing (obsolete), or that he do something. ΚΠ 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. ii. sig. B6^v Crauing of you in pitty of my state, To doe none ill. 1833 H. Martineau Cinnamon & Pearls iv. 65 The verdure seemed to crave of the light clouds..that they would descend in showers. 3. To ask, request (a person) of, after, for a thing, to do something; also, with double object, a person a thing. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > a person to do something crave?c1225 seek1362 requirec1380 aska1400 require1415 to call upon ——a1450 will?1457 requestc1485 bespeaka1616 beg1675 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 1 [Ȝe]..habbeð moni dei icraued [on] me efter riwle. 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. iv. 278 Maistres þat techen clerkes crauen hure for mede. a1400–50 Alexander (Ashm.) 887 Litill kyngis..Caires into þe curte to craue him þar dettis. 1471 G. Ripley Compound of Alchymy v, in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 160 Dyscover yt not whoever thee crave. 1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados iv. viii. 45 His auld promyse, na mare wil I him craif. 1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders sig. g5 None of those who are pleased to accept it, are craved to Patronize it. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xi, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. I. 329 The crown, says he, canna be craved to prove a positive. 4. To ask (a debtor) for payment, to dun. Scottish. ΚΠ 1812 W. Ingram Poems 75 (Jam.) He..strives to pay what he is due, Without repeated craving. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. (at cited word) I crav'd him whenever I met him. 5. transferred. Of persons (their appetites, etc.): To long or yearn for, to desire earnestly; to call for or demand, in order to gratify a desire or appetite; to have a craving for. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > strong or eager desire > desire strongly or eagerly [verb (transitive)] > crave thirstc950 hungerc1000 becravea1325 cravea1400 a1400–50 Alexander 4442 Ȝe couett & craue castels & rewmes. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 86 Who so ploweth his Olyue Garden, craueth fruite. 1611 Bible (King James) Prov. xvi. 26 His mouth craueth it of him. View more context for this quotation 1669 W. Penn No Cross, No Crown i. v. §11 What the Eye views not, the Heart craves not. 1737 A. Pope Epist. of Horace ii. ii. 14 If, when the more you drink, the more you crave, You tell the Doctor. 1875 A. Helps Aids Contentm. in Ess. 11 Each of us craves a recognition of his talents and his labours. 1890 W. Besant Demoniac v. 57 The thing..that feeds the disease and that the disease constantly craves. 6. figurative. Of things. To need greatly, to require, to call for, demand (something necessary or desirable). (Const. also with infinitive or object clause.) ΘΚΠ the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > need or want > need [verb (transitive)] > require or demand askOE willa1225 requirec1425 crave1576 desire1577 exact1592 solicit1592 wish1600 postulate1605 expect1615 to look after ——a1616 seek1656 demand1748 1576 A. Fleming tr. Isocrates in Panoplie Epist. 156 Necessitie craveth, that with him..conference be not refused. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iv. f. 180^v Bees..craue diligent regarde, when they are about to swarme. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II ii. ii. 44 His designes craue haste. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iv. ii. 364. 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 183 The Ananas for goodnesse and shape may craue attention. 1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives (1879) I. 161 Other parts of matter..crave the force of fire as an informing soul. 1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iii. ix. 93 The time craves speed! 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe II. ii. 39 But come, fill a flagon, for it will crave some time to tune the harp. 7. a. intransitive. Const. for, after. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > make a request [verb (intransitive)] > for something bid971 aska1200 seekc1366 cravec1386 entreat1427 inquire?a1513 beg1576 incall1591 urgea1616 woo1615 clamour1651 to call on ——1721 tout1731 spell1790 the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > strong or eager desire > desire strongly or eagerly [verb (intransitive)] > crave cravec1386 cluck1992 c1386 G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Prol. 518 (Harl.) What thyng we may not lightly haue, Therafter wol we sonnest crie and craue. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 25823 For es na man mai merci haue þat wil noght ask and efter craue. c1440 York Myst. xxiv. 142 And for comforte þei call and craue. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. SSSv It wyll craue importunely for sustenaunce. a1648 Ld. Herbert Occas. Verses (1665) 31 Once one may crave for love. 1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 47 Vices..like so many Harpies, craving for their accustomed Gratification. a1862 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. (1869) III. v. 380 They taught the men of their generation to crave after the unseen. b. absol. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > beg or be beggar [verb (intransitive)] thigc1300 begc1384 crave1393 to go a-begged1393 prowl1530 to go (or have been) a begging1535 maund?1536 to bear the wallet1546 cant1567 prog1579 to turn to bag and wallet1582 skelder1602 maunder1611 strike1618 emendicate1623 mendicate1623 to go a-gooding1646 mump1685 shool1736 cadge1819 to stand pad1841 stag1860 bum1870 schnorr1875 panhandle1894 pling1915 stem1924 nickel-and-dime1942 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. vii. 49 And non so bold beggere to bydden and craue. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. ii. 16 It is better hold that I haue Then go from doore to doore and craue. 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres ii. 24 Not begging nor crauing with bolde and shamelesse faces. 1642 T. Fuller Holy State ii. xix.* 127 He who gives to day may crave to morrow. 1693 J. Dryden tr. Persius Satires iv. 50 Who, spite of all his store, Is ever Craving, and will still be Poor. 1865 S. Baring-Gould Bk. Were-wolves xiv. 248 At that time the old man was craving with hunger. Derivatives craved adj. begged, entreated. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > [adjective] > requested askedOE entreated1567 inquired1598 petitioned1609 craved1614 sued-for1615 mendicateda1643 invited1658 implored1659 solicited1833 1614 Bp. J. Hall Recoll. Treat. ii. 60 The last refuge of a craued, denied, and constrained courtesie? This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1707v.c1000
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craven.

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cravev.

Derivatives