单词 | cover |
释义 | covern.1 I. Generally: something that covers. 1. a. That which covers: anything that is put or laid over, or that naturally overlies or overspreads an object, with the effect of hiding, sheltering, or enclosing it; often a thing designed or appropriated for the purpose. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [noun] > a covering wrielsc825 coverc1320 hillingc1325 eyelida1382 covering1382 casea1398 coverta1400 tegumentc1440 hacklea1450 coverturec1450 housingc1450 deck1466 heeler1495 housera1522 coverlet1551 shrouda1561 kever1570 vele1580 periwig1589 hap1593 opercle1598 integument?1611 blanketa1616 cask1646 operiment1650 coverlid1654 tegment1656 shell?1677 muff1687 operculum1738 tegmen1807 c1320 Sir Beues 4611 (MS. C) Of golde he made þe ryche couere [v.r. cornere]. c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 55 Þe arke or couere of god was conquerid into enemyes hondis. 1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet i. iv. 61 Her waggon spokes are made of spinners webs, The couer, of the winges of Grashoppers. View more context for this quotation 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II iii. ii. 150 That small modle of the barren earth, Which serues as paste, and couer to our bones. View more context for this quotation 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 226 They clymbe vp to the sieling or couer of the house. 1684 T. Burnet Theory of Earth i. vii. 90 The Fountains..strengthned..by making a strong cover or Arch over them. 1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 54 With your Hand or any other cover you stop the Vessel. 1793 G. Washington Let. 12 Dec. in Wks. (1891) XII. 362 To the building of such houses, there would be no limitation, nor to that of thatch for the cover of them. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §115 Having a good deal of cover of earth, &c. upon them, they were then chiefly wrought underground. 1823 W. Buckland Reliq. Diluvianæ 185 The alluvial cover which rests upon the rocks of this district. b. Often as the second element in combinations. ΚΠ 1653 H. More Antidote Atheism (1662) iii. iii. 93 The violent flapping of a Chest-cover, no hand touching it. 1843 J. W. Carlyle Lett. I. 264 Needlework..in the shape of chair-covers, sofa-covers. c. Calico-printing. A design that is printed over another design in resist-work. Also cover pattern. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > cotton > [noun] > coloured, patterned, or printed > design cover1874 1874 W. Crookes Pract. Handbk. Dyeing 564 The rest is taken up with the fine cover pattern. 1884 J. Gardner Bleaching, Dyeing, etc. iii. 101 Mordants, Discharges, Reserves, Covers, &c. 1957 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 7/1 The fine patterns printed over resists are called covers and the plain grounds pads. d. Cricket. = cover-point n. 1. So the covers: cover-point and extra cover-point. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > fielding > [noun] > fielding position > specific bat's end1742 midwicket1744 middle wicket1772 long-stop1773 long field?1801 third man1801 point1816 slip1816 backstop1819 cover1836 long field on1837 short stopc1837 long on1843 middle-on1843 short leg1843 cover-point1846 square leg1849 long off1854 mid-off1865 leg slip1869 mid-on1870 cover-slip1891 box1911 gully1920 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > cricketer > [noun] > fielder > fielders by position middle wicket1772 long-stop1773 second stop1773 stop1773 long fieldsman1790 long field?1801 third man1801 outscout1805 leg1816 point1816 slip1816 backstop1819 long fielder1835 long leg1835 long field off1837 short leg1843 square leg1849 cover-point1850 long-stopper1851 middle-off1851 cover-slip1854 long off1854 left fielder1860 short square1860 mid-off1865 extra cover (point)1867 deep-fielder1870 mid-on1870 cover1897 leg trap1897 infield1898 deep field1900 slipper1903 slip fieldsman1906 midwicket1909 infieldsman1910 slip-catcher1920 infielder1927 leg slip1956 1836 New Sporting Mag. July 195 Next follows a little about the mode of hitting to cover. 1851 J. Pycroft Cricket Field x. 193 Cover is the place for brilliant fielding. 1897 K. S. Ranjitsinhji Jubilee Bk. Cricket ii. 50 A fine exhibition of fielding at cover. 1897 K. S. Ranjitsinhji Jubilee Bk. Cricket ii. 50 Like third-man, cover must be ever on the alert to dash in any direction. 1903 Cricket 130 When assisted by an extra mid-off, ‘cover’ should place himself much squarer with the wickets. 1904 P. F. Warner How we recovered Ashes vii. 111 Tyldesley, whether he was..forcing a short ball between the covers, hooking or glancing to leg, was perfect in his timing of the ball. 1922 F. B. Wilson Sporting Pie 74 The next ball he hit very hard to cover and called me for a run. 1950 N. Cardus Second Innings 93 With time left for the batsman to make a drive past cover. 1955 Times 5 July 4/1 Walshe played some surprising shots through the covers off the back foot. e. Tennis. (Cf. cover v.1 13b.) ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > racket games > lawn tennis > [noun] > court > parts of baseline1875 centreline1882 runback1891 alley1904 cover1907 no man's land1931 tramline1937 ad court1946 1907 P. A. Vaile Mod. Lawn Tennis 123 You must remember..that he cannot do it [sc. drive down the side line] every time with sufficient accuracy to pass in the small margin over ‘cover’ which you will allow him. f. In full cover version. A recording of a song, etc., which has already been recorded by someone else. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > a sound recording > [noun] > record or disc > type of record pre-release1871 record album1904 re-release1907 ten-inch1908 twelve-incher1909 demonstration record1911 pressing1912 swinger1924 repressing1927 transcription1931 long-player1932 rush release1935 pop record1937 album1945 demonstration disc1947 pop disc1947 pop single1947 long-play1948 picture disc1948 781949 single1949 forty-five1950 demo disc1952 EP1952 shellac1954 top of the pops1956 gold disc1957 acetate1962 platinum disc1964 chartbuster1965 miss1965 cover1966 reissue1966 pirate label1968 rock record1968 thirty-three (and a third)1968 sampler1969 white-label1970 double album1971 dubplate1976 seven-inch1977 mini-album1980 joint1991 1966 Melody Maker 23 July 12/2 This is a cover version of the new Beach Boys single from some friends and admirers, the Castaways. 1968 Listener 7 Nov. 622/3 The jackal thinking behind cover versions, which are near copies of original recordings, is predicated on the belief that so much money is showered in the general direction of hit records that any performance of the song will collect if sufficiently adjacent. 1968 Listener 7 Nov. 622/3 It's a popular misconception that the original version of a song must be better than a cover. 1970 Melody Maker 19 Dec. 31 Among the biggest sellers this Christmas will be the ‘Hits’ albums—cover versions of Top 30 records. 1970 Melody Maker 19 Dec. 31/7 Lewis was an originator of these ‘covers’. 2. spec. a. The lid of any vessel, receptacle, or aperture, whether detached or not. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun] > closure for a vessel, tube, etc. > lid lidc1000 coverclec1384 lampc1386 cover1459 covertil1463 coverturea1475 covering1479 cure1502 shed1612 bred1808 top1958 1459 Paston Lett. I. 475 One white stondyng cuppe with a cover of silver. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 26 You shall but seeke to couer euery pot with one couer. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §99 Take the Vessel from the Fire, and take off the Cover. 1694 Acct. Several Late Voy. (1711) ii. 130 He hath a great many small holes on the Cover of his Gills. 1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World vii. 245 The..covers of the ship's coppers were converted into frying pans. 1874 J. T. Micklethwaite Mod. Parish Churches 39 The font requires a cover to keep out the dust. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > helmet > [noun] > visor cover of the eyesc1300 visorc1330 umbrerea1400 umber14.. umbraryc1442 umbrelc1470 visure1470 sight1508 vizard1704 umbril1864 mesail1869 c1300 K. Alis. 2359 He hitte Amanas..In the cubur [? error for cuvur] of the eyghe. ?1529 R. Hyrde tr. J. L. Vives Instr. Christen Woman i. ix. sig. I.ij This apparell..is the couer of Antichrist. 1674 A. Cremer tr. J. Scheffer Hist. Lapland xvii. 88 Of the skin of the bird called Loom..they make not an unbecoming cover for the head. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 20 They expose themselves..without any cover upon their breasts. c. Of a book: (a) The binding, wrapper, or case, as a whole; (b) each of the boards or sides, as in from cover to cover; (c) the quantity of cloth required for a case. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > parts of book > [noun] > cover forel1393 surpelc1440 covering1459 coverturea1475 heeling1498 lid1585 cover1599 binding1648 book cover1649 case1750 album cover1839 bookcase1885 1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet i. iii. 90 This precious booke of loue..onely lacks a Couer . View more context for this quotation 1628 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. vii. sig. C2v A Manu-script he pores on euerlastingly, especially if the couer be all moth-eaten. 1710 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1889) III. 9 Bound up in Past-Board Covers. 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) I. 422 These three materials are then passed on to the case-makers: one of whom takes possession of the pile of cloth covers. 1891 Law Times 92 99/1 The books are beautiful specimens of scrivenery, and from cover to cover may be searched without finding a blot. d. The wrapper of a letter or of any postal packet. spec. in Philately, an envelope, etc., bearing a stamp, postmark, or label of particular historical or commemorative interest; esp. first day cover (see quot. 1950).Hence, to address to (a person) under cover to (another). In a general sense including an envelope (which is a special kind of cover); but spec. used of a wrapper cut and folded differently from an envelope, as in the ‘Mulready covers’. ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > letter > [noun] > cover or envelope coverture1587 by covert1655 envelopea1715 letter cover1741 cover1747 letter case1823 wrapper1846 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > hobby > collecting stamps > [noun] > related matters perforation gauge1882 plate number1912 cover1923 first-day cover1926 1747 S. Richardson Clarissa II. xiv. 79 I..acknowlege her goodness to me, with a pencil only, on the cover of a letter sealed up. 1804 Pitt in G. Rose Diaries (1860) II. 75 I send this under Hammond's cover to the Postmaster. a1817 J. Austen Northanger Abbey (1818) II. xiii. 267 Direct to me at Lord Longtown's..under cover to Alice. View more context for this quotation 1876 World 5 11 The task of addressing the covers to the subscribers does not devolve upon him [the Editor]. 1923 F. J. Melville Aero-stamp Collecting ii. 14 A flown cover of each of the outstanding pioneer flights in each country is of undeniable interest. 1934 S. Phillips Beginner's Bk. Stamp Collecting xix. 214 Cover, a term applied to an envelope or wrapper. ‘On cover’ means on a complete envelope or wrapper, as opposed to ‘on piece’. 1938 D. B. Armstrong Collecting Stamps 47 First-day cover, a postage stamp or stamps used on entire upon the first day that the stamps in question were officially placed on sale. First flight cover, an envelope which has been carried by air mail on the first flight between any two given points. 1950 L. N. Williams & M. Williams Collecting Postage Stamps xiii. 71 One fashion with little to recommend it that has become prevalent in recent years is the collection of what are known as First Day Covers, or letters bearing stamps posted on the first day of their issue and bearing an appropriate dated postmark. 1968 J. Mackay Cover Collecting iv. 35 Although a souvenir cover bearing stamps used on the first day of issue has been recorded from the United States as early as 1909 (in connection with the Hudson Fulton 2c. stamp), the First Day Cover craze did not make any headway in America until the late 1920s. e. In various technical uses. ΚΠ 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 583 Cover, in slating; the part of the slate that is hidden; the exposed part being called the margin. 1839 R. S. Robinson Naut. Steam Engine Explained 100 That part of the sliding faces projecting beyond the depth of the port, is called the cover, and is much greater on the steam side of the port than on the eduction side. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Cover, a miner's box in which ore is removed from the rock or strata. 1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Cover (machinery), the cap-head or end-plate of a cylinder. f. The outer covering of a pneumatic tyre. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on wheels > [noun] > parts of vehicle moving on wheels > wheel > rubber or pneumatic tyre > parts of tread1735 cover1898 sidewall1901 tyre-cover1903 tire-cover1905 cuirass band1906 cuirass1907 power bar1948 belt1964 undertread1968 1898 Science Siftings 5 Nov. 46/2 All tendency to cracking of the outer covers is obviated. 1902 C. L. Freeston in A. C. Harmsworth et al. Motors & Motor-driving (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) 237 Even the covers of the driving wheels were quite smooth and unimpaired. 1904 A. B. F. Young Compl. Motorist 248 Two spare tubes should always be carried and one spare cover. 1904 A. B. F. Young Compl. Motorist 251 When the tyre has been replaced and slightly inflated, the Continental ‘cover plaster’, a kind of long band or puttie, is wound round the tyre. 3. a. That which serves for shelter or concealment; a shelter, a hiding place. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > a secret place, hiding place > [noun] hidelsc975 hidela1300 bushc1330 hulkc1330 derna1340 tapissinga1340 coverta1375 hiding1382 loting-placea1398 cover14.. hiding placec1440 mewa1450 closetc1450 hole1483 cure1502 secret1530 shrouding place1571 ivy-bush1576 coney burrowa1586 hidlings1597 foxhole1606 shrouding corner1610 recess1611 subterfuge1616 latibule1623 latebra1626 blind1646 privacy1648 hide1649 retreat1697 rathole1770 hidey-hole1817 tod hole1846 hulster1880 hideout1885 cwtch1890 castle1898 lurk1906 stash1927 hideaway1930 the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > shelter > giving or affording shelter > that which coverta1375 cover14.. cure1502 14.. Stasyons of Jerus. (Horstm.) 400 Þan ranne we ferre & nere As conys doth to þer couere. 1611 Bible (King James) Wisd. x. 17 Wisedome..was vnto them for a couer by day. 1751 Affecting Narr. H.M.S. Wager 28 The Tree..not proving so good a Cover from the Rains as we wished. 1776 N. Greene in J. Sparks Corr. Amer. Revol. (1853) I. 298 As the state of the barracks is, they would find exceeding good cover for the men. 1827 J. F. Cooper Prairie I. iii. 49 They will be here afore you can find a cover. 1884 Liverpool Mercury 3 Mar. 5/2 When driven from their entrenchments they clung to every bit of cover the surface of the country afforded them. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > support or encouragement > [noun] comfort?c1225 encourage1535 encouragement1550 comfortation1552 countenance1576 cover1581 couragement1603 patronage1610 abettance1781 championship1840 moral support1852 fautorship1863 affirmation1966 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 24 Beggerly fragmentes of mans invention, beyng without all cover of Scriptures, yea rather contrary to the same. c. † in cover: in concealment (obsolete). under cover: under a screening or sheltering eminence, roof, etc. under (the) cover of: under the protection or shelter of. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > [adverb] by covert1477 secretly1535 in coverc1540 hiddenly1580 tectly1587 in(to) smoke1924 the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [phrase] > in or under the shelter of in, under (the) lee (ofOE under covert1477 under (the) covert of1477 under coverc1540 under the shelter of1595 in (the) covert of1611 under (the) cover of1726 c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 10513 Kepis you in couer, cleane out of sight! 1573 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 110 Sydenham..was in cover all the while. 1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. viii. 421 [They] being compell'd to lodge in the Field, which grew now to be very Cold, whilst his Army was under cover. 1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World vii. 211 Whilst others got up water-buts, and slept in them under the cover of a tree. 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho III. vi. 189 We can glide under cover of the woods with less hazard of being seen. 1838–43 T. Arnold Hist. Rome III. xliii. 143 These feed..under cover of the darkness. 1885 U. S. Grant Pers. Mem. I. xx. 274 The troops..lay crouched under cover of the river bank. d. figurative. Something that hides, conceals, or screens; a cloak, screen, disguise, pretence. under (the) cover of. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > means of concealment > [noun] shadowc1200 blindfolding?c1225 coverturec1374 hiding1382 veilc1384 palliation?c1425 covert1574 panoply1576 hoodwink1577 mask1597 cover1600 screena1616 pretexture1618 purdah1621 subterfuge1621 tecture1624 coverlet1628 domino1836 face shield1842 concealment1847 protective colouring1873 camouflage1885 protective coloration1892 smokescreen1926 cover-up1927 scrim1942 marzipan1945 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing iv. i. 116 Death is the fairest couer for her shame. View more context for this quotation 1643 J. Burroughes Expos. Hosea (1652) vii. 277 I will take their covers from their..eyes..Wicked men have divers covers for their lewdnesse. 1751 J. Jortin Serm. (1771) VI. iv. 70 Presumption which loves to conceal itself under the cover of humility. 1757 D. Hume Hist. Great Brit. II. 57 Precautions, which were probably nothing but covers to his ambition. 1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues III. 4 Under the cover of rhetoric much higher themes are introduced. e. Concealment, disguise; underhand or deceitful conduct. rare. ΚΠ 1796 E. Burke Two Lett. Peace Regicide Directory France i. 126 We ourselves with a little cover, others more directly, pay a tribute to the Republick of Algiers. 1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre I. ii. 13 I never saw a girl of her age with so much cover. f. Thieves' slang. A confederate who screens the operations of a thief or pickpocket. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > [noun] > accomplice > who screens operations cover1819 vamper1864 1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. at Cover Any body whose dress or stature renders him particularly eligible for this purpose [covering a thief] is said to be a good cover. 1863 B. Jerrold Signals of Distress 106 The ranks of..the passers of base coin, shofulmen, ‘wires’, and ‘covers’ will be sensibly strengthened. g. Protection from attack; esp. that afforded by the presence or fire of a supporting force; also, a force providing such protection. Frequently with defining word, as air cover n. at air n.1 Compounds 2, fighter cover n. at fighter n. Compounds 1. Cf. cover v.1 8d. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > [noun] > means of defence > protection by supporting force cover1802 1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. Cover, a term in war to express security or protection: thus, to land under cover of the guns, is to advance offensively against an enemy who dares not approach on account of the fire from ships, boats or batteries. 1950 Truman in N.Y. Times 28 June 1/6 I have ordered United States air and sea forces to give the Korean Government troops cover and support. 1964 T. White tr. P. Leulliette St. Michael 210 Rapidly, under the cover of armoured cars, we crossed the whole devastated and deserted town. 4. a. Hunting. Woods, undergrowth, and bushes, that serve to shelter or conceal wild animals and game; = covert n. 3. Also in combination, as fox-cover. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting area > [noun] > covert covert1494 cover1719 bouquet1875 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 182 Never frighted Hare fled to Cover..with more Terror of Mind than I to this Retreat. 1781 P. Beckford Thoughts on Hunting xix. 247 You hunt a cover that is full of foxes. 1796 A. Duncan Mariner's Chron. (1805) III. 275 The rhinoceros..broke cover at last and appeared on the plain. a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) II. 55 She wields the gun, or beats the cover. 1877 R. H. Roberts Harry Holbrooke of Holbrooke Hall ii. 25 The fox trots out..but, not liking the aspect of affairs, turns back to the cover. b. The vegetation covering the surface of the ground; spec. in Ecology, the area covered by the individuals of one species, often expressed as a percentage of the area being studied. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > plants collectively > [noun] > covering the surface of the ground sheet1793 screef1817 ground cover1900 plant cover1906 cover1909 1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. s.v. Forest cover, in forestry, all trees and other plants in a forest. 1932 G. D. Fuller & H. S. Conard tr. J. Braun-Blanquet Plant Sociol. iii. 31 The degree of dominance..is expressed..by the cover, that is, the area covered by the individuals of one species. 1937 Discovery May 140/1 This denudation of forest cover is due to human interference. 1959 J. D. Clark Prehist. Southern Afr. ii. 42 A discontinuous grass cover such as we find in so much of Africa. 1961 H. C. Hanson & E. D. Churchill Plant Community iii. 102 Cover, or specifically herbage cover, signifies primarily the area of ground occupied by the leaves, stems, and inflorescences. 5. a. Commerce. Funds adequate to cover or meet a liability or secure against contingent loss. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > collateral security fond1677 collateral1832 cover1883 1883 Manch. Guardian 17 Oct. 5/1 Warden supplying the necessary cover when losses were reported, in order to avert failure. 1884 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 13 104 Gledhill deposited the certificate with..his stockbroker, by way of cover or security for all..advances in the course of business. 1893 N.E.D. at Cover Mod. The Shanghai branch remits bills of exchange as cover for its own drafts on London. Having reason to expect a rise in Mexicans he bought £1,000 stock, and deposited £10 as £1 per cent. cover; contrary to expectation the stock declined, and he lost his £10 cover. b. Adequate insurance against loss, damage, etc.; = coverage n. a. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > [noun] ensurancea1641 insurance1651 coverage1912 cover1913 1913 G. B. Shaw Let. 15 July in Bernard Shaw & Mrs. P. Campbell (1952) 133 Is that car insured? If not..say you want ‘cover’ at once. 1955 Times 10 May 18/4 The striving to meet a demand for extended insurance cover is not new. 6. See cover v.1 6. ΚΠ 1842 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm (1851) II. 155 Retaining the horse all night, and offering her a fresh cover in the morning. II. Utensils for use at table. [After French couvert, (1) ‘the covering or furniture of a Table for the meale of a prince’ (Cotgrave), the cloth, plates, knives, forks, etc. with which a table is covered or laid; (2) the portion of these appropriated to each guest.] 7. The utensils laid for each person's use at table; the plate, napkin, knife, fork, spoon, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > a place-setting covera1612 couvert1768 table setting1844 place setting1950 setting1952 a1612 J. Harington in Nugæ Antiquæ (1779) II. 213 I muste go before the breakfastinge covers are placede. 1705 London Gaz. No. 4116/1 4 large Tables, with 50 Covers each. 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) vi. 49 Covers were laid for four. 1870 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows 99 We get a card of invitation to a dinner of sixty covers at John Hamock's. Compounds C1. Combinations: attributive and appositive. (In sense 2c.) a. cover-design n. ΚΠ 1910 J. London Let. 9 Feb. (1966) 299 I never know what the cover-design of any of my books is going to be until I get advance-copy of the market edition. 1925 D. H. Lawrence Let. 25 Apr. (1962) II. 838 I am sending you a copy of Birds, Beasts and Flowers today... We made the cover-design between us. 1928 S. J. Looker's Booklover's Catal. Jan. 8 A Pomander of Verse, by E. Nesbit, with a cover-design..by Laurence Housman. 1938 R. G. Collingwood Princ. Art v. 84 The magazine and newspaper, where cover-designs, news-items, fiction, and advertisement are steeped in materials of the same kind. b. (In sense 3d.) cover-name n. ΚΠ 1948 Ann. Reg. 1947 350 A new party which called itself ‘National Liberation’ (a ‘cover-name’ for the Communist Party). 1950 A. Koestler in R. Crossman God that Failed 41 I pressed Edgar to let me join a cell where nobody knew me except under my cover-name. cover-organization n. ΚΠ 1944 M. Laski Love on Supertax xii. 118 The Black Market which I run..is no more than a cover-organisation for something infinitely more important. c. (In sense 5.) cover-money n. ΚΠ 1909 Daily Chron. 14 Oct. 7/4 The cover money required is temptingly small. C2. cover-boat n. (see quot.). ΚΠ 1884 Pall Mall Budget 22 Aug. 9/1 (Queensland Labour-traffic) The second boat..called the ‘cover’ boat, keeps a short distance outside the surf, in order to cover the retreat of the trading boat. cover charge n. a charge for service added to the basic charge in a restaurant (cf. sense 7). ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > for food, board, or service pension1696 board-bill1833 table money1841 American plan1848 corkage1884 service charge1889 fixed price1907 service1909 cover charge1921 demi-pension1951 rack rate1976 cakeage1985 1921 Nation (N.Y.) 21 Sept. 320/2 As levied here, the cover charge is a compulsory blanket assessment for nothing in particular; it commonly includes bread and butter. 1933 J. B. Priestley Wonder Hero iv. 147 They..add another ten bob to the cover charge. 1961 P. Ustinov Loser xiii. 291 There's no extra cover charge here. Drinks cost the same at a table. cover-clay n. a bed of clay covering the strata of a quarry, mine, etc. ΚΠ 1789 J. Williams Nat. Hist. Mineral Kingdom (1810) 146 In some places this species of compounded cover-clay contains specimens of all the strata found in the neighbourhood. cover crop n. a crop (often leguminous) sown to protect the soil or to enrich it by being ploughed under. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > crop or crops > [noun] > other crops fleece1513 white crop1743 green crop1744 root crop1772 row crop1776 robber1777 mix-grass1778 breaking-crop1808 industrial crop1818 foliage crop1831 kharifa1836 scourge-crop1842 overcrop1858 by-crop1880 coppice-with-standards1882 sewage grass1888 trap-crop1899 cleaning crop1900 nurse crop1907 cover crop1909 smother crop1920 stoop crop1928 snatch crop1937 break crop1967 wholecrop1968 1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. at Crop Cover crop. 1926 Contemp. Rev. Dec. 765 The humble covercrops of purple vetch and millelotus clover. 1943 J. S. Huxley TVA vi. 28 The prevention of erosion on arable land by new methods such as contour ploughing, or new cover-crop plants. cover-day n. a day on which the covers are shot over for game. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting time > [noun] seasona1425 grease-season?a1562 grease-time?a1562 game season1783 open season1846 cover-day1902 1902 Daily Chron. 22 Aug. 9/6 Only outlying birds are shot before the big ‘cover days’ of November, December, and January. cover-drive v. Cricket ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > bat [verb (intransitive)] > types of stroke chop1776 mow1844 crump1850 poke1851 cut1857 swipe1857 glance1898 glide1899 cart1903 nibble1926 on-drive1930 slash1955 cover-drive1960 push1963 1960 J. Fingleton Four Chukkas to Austral. 135 He cover-drove Lindwall. cover-drive n. Cricket a drive (drive n. 8) past cover-point. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > [noun] > types of stroke long ball1744 nip1752 catch1816 no-hit1827 cut1833 short hit1833 draw1836 drive1836 square hit1837 skylarker1839 skyer1840 skyscraper1842 back-cut1845 bum1845 leg sweep1846 slog1846 square cut1850 driver1851 Harrow drive1851 leg slip1852 poke1853 snick1857 snorter1859 leg stroke1860 smite1861 on-drive1862 bump ball1864 rocketer1864 pull1865 grass trimmer1867 late cut1867 off-drive1867 spoon1871 push1873 push stroke1873 smack1875 Harrow drive1877 pull-stroke1880 leg glance1883 gallery-hit1884 boundary-stroke1887 glide1888 sweep1888 boundary1896 hook1896 leg glide1896 backstroke1897 flick1897 hook stroke1897 cover-drive1898 straight drive1898 square drive1900 edger1905 pull-drive1905 slash1906 placing stroke1907 push drive1912 block shot1915 if-shot1920 placing shot1921 cow-shot1922 mow1925 Chinese cut1937 haymaker1954 hoick1954 perhapser1954 air shot1956 steepler1959 mishook1961 swish1963 chop- 1898 K. S. Ranjitsinhji With Stoddart's Team (ed. 4) iv. 71 Donnan made some excellent ‘cover’ drives and cuts. 1955 Times 11 July 4/2 Occasionally he produced an exquisitely timed force off his legs or cover drive. cover-feather n. = covert n. 5. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > feather > [noun] > covering base of large feathers (collective) covert-feather1575 cover-feather1769 covert1774 coverture1861 1769 J. Wallis Nat. Hist. Northumberland I. ix. 336 The plumage..is white, except the quill and the cover feathers of the wings. cover-girl n. originally U.S. a young woman whose picture appears on the front cover of a magazine; also attributive; formerly (U.S.) magazine-cover girl. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > [noun] > beautiful thing or person > beautiful person > beautiful woman > cover girl cover-girl1915 1915 Harper's Weekly 25 Sept. 303 (caption) Unveiling the statue of Charles Dana Gibson at the annual picnic of the magazine cover girls at Lakewood. 1944 Times 12 June 8/2 Cover Girl..is one of those smooth, beautifully coloured ‘musicals’ which Hollywood can manage with such a sure..touch. 1948 C. Isherwood in Penguin New Writing 34 132 On the walls a coloured print of the Virgin and a cover-girl from a U.S. magazine. 1957 W. Camp Prospects of Love 150 Here was a girl who was just as pretty as Lucinda, though not in the same pert, really rather ordinary, literally ‘cover girl’ sort of way. cover-glass n. a glass used as a cover, spec. a slip of glass used to cover a microscopical preparation. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > magnification or magnifying instruments > [noun] > microscope > cover slip cover-slip1875 cover-glass1881 1881 Darwin in Life & Lett. (1887) III. 347 If slices of root under a cover-glass are irrigated. 1883 Med. News IV. 163 Place a drop of Canada-balsam on the cover-glass and mount carefully. cover-hack n. a horse for riding to the ‘meet’, or to the cover, where he is exchanged for the hunter. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > used in hunting > in particular aspects of stalking-horse1519 cover-hack1788 second horse1827 1788 Morning Post 24 Oct. (advt.) Amongst them is a brown gelding six years old, which has been used as a cover hack. 1841 J. T. J. Hewlett Parish Clerk I. 228 Six hunters and two cover-hacks. 1859 J. S. Rarey Art of taming Horses (new ed.) viii. 132 A cover or country hack must be fast, but need not be so showy in action or handsome as a town hack. cover-hole n. a hole provided with a lid or cover. ΚΠ 1669 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 4 1066 Houses..open up to the thatch with a Cover-hole or two to vent the steam of the panns. cover note n. (see quot. 1919); also, a note which declares the holder to have a current insurance policy. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > [noun] > insurance policy > clause, document, or part of policy slip1816 suicide clause1826 suing and labouring clause1864 pink slip1901 cover letter1906 cover note1919 green card1955 satisfaction note1971 1919 W. Thomson Dict. Banking (ed. 2) 178/2 Cover note, a note issued by an insurance company when the first premium has been paid declaring (e.g., in a proposal for insurance against fire) that the proposer is ‘covered’ in the meantime until the policy is issued. 1966 B. Kimenye Kalasanda Revisited 105 The insurance expired four days ago, and since I was away there isn't even a cover note. cover-pan n. a pan having a cover. cover paper n. strong paper suitable for the covers of pamphlets, booklets, etc. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > material for making paper > paper > [noun] > paper for cover of books or pamphlets cover paper1866 Linson1948 1866 J. Blackwood Let. 21 Dec. in ‘G. Eliot’ Lett. (1956) IV. 323 Coverpaper Binding and Sewing the Parts. 1914 E. A. Dawe Paper xvii. 119 Cover Papers.— The term is applied to a large class of fancy papers, made in many shades, substances and sizes, suitable for the covers of pamphlets, booklets, [etc.]. cover-plate n. a plate serving as a cover; the removable plate of a lock, a cap-plate or cap. ΚΠ 1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. ii. 26 Place the Cover-plate..so as the Centre of the Cover-plate may stand directly over and against the centre of the Main-plate. 1833 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal II. 194 The cover-plate..which will just cover the opening of the box. cover-shooting n. shooting (of game) in a cover. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > shooting > [noun] > other types of shooting night shooting1850 rough-shooting1850 point shooting1857 cover-shooting1864 snap-shooting1872 rough shoot1889 1864 Reader No. 88. 294/3 Better exercise than cover-shooting. 1881 J. Grant Cameronians I. i. 2 I'll have..Cecil Falconer over here, for a few days' cover-shooting. cover-side n. the side of a fox-cover, where the hunters congregate. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting area > [noun] > covert > side of cover-side1810 1810 Sporting Mag. 36 269 To ride to the cover side and see the fox found. 1882 Gentleman's Ann. 103 More highly esteemed at the cover~side, on the cricket-field and the river. cover story n. (a) an account of one's actions fabricated to support an assumed identity; (b) originally U.S., in a magazine: a news story that is illustrated or advertised on the front cover. ΘΚΠ society > communication > journalism > journal > matter of or for journals > [noun] > story > types of sob story1913 wire story1943 cover story1945 MEGO1977 spoiler1985 1945 G. Millar Maquis i. 11 Have you got your false papers and your cover story? 1948 Time 19 July 6/1 My gratitude and appreciation to the man who wrote the cover story on Hamlet. 1950 L. A. G. Strong Which I Never vii. 195 I have my cover story, a thin one, but it'll do—just. 1954 A. Koestler Invisible Writing xxix. 315 We then worked out a cover story on the following lines. 1968 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 3 Feb. 35/1 Some editor has decided Time had better invent hockey, which is why the cover story on Hull. 1983 Listener 1 Sept. 2/1 Michael Tracey's cover story, from the Channel 4 programme Opinions, asks what will become of public broadcasting if cable television expands and succeeds. cover-tread n. the tread of a tyre cover. ΚΠ 1908 Westm. Gaz. 16 Nov. 5/3 The metal studs are vulcanised into the cover-tread. cover-way n. ‘the recess or internal angle left in a piece of masonry or brickwork to receive the roofing’ (Gwilt). ΚΠ 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder Gloss. 583 Cover-way in roofing. Draft additions September 2003 cover band n. Music a band (usually a pop group) whose repertoire consists of cover versions rather than original material. ΚΠ 1981 Sounds 10 Jan. 22/1 But the basic hardware still sounds very different from their own (especially, poor Dave, the synthesisers) lending them the air of a Top of The Pops Stranglers cover band. 2000 F. Minganti in H. Fehrenbach & U. G. Poiger Transactions, Transgressions, Transformations vii. 153 Hundreds of cover bands were born who spread the new sounds across the Italian peninsula. Draft additions April 2011 cover letter n. (a) Insurance = cover note n. at Compounds 2 (now rare); (b) a letter enclosed with another document, parcel, etc., explaining or describing the contents; = covering letter n. at covering adj. Compounds ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > letter > [noun] > covering letter covering letter1887 cover letter1906 society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > [noun] > insurance policy > clause, document, or part of policy slip1816 suicide clause1826 suing and labouring clause1864 pink slip1901 cover letter1906 cover note1919 green card1955 satisfaction note1971 1906 G. Lisle Forms & Precedents I. 458 Order for fire insurance... Cover Note (Also known as Covering Note and Cover Letter). 1920 Let. 20 Jan. in Decisions War Dept. Board of Contract Adjustment III. iii. 80 Relative to paragraph two in cover letter, you are advised that records of this office show..receipt and shipment of one (1) case. 1985 M. H. Heim & A. W. Bouis tr. V. Aksyonov In Search of Melancholy Baby (1989) vii. 102 The cover letter pointed out..that all attempts by individuals to avoid payment of California taxes have ended in disaster, in other words, the clink. 2010 Grocer Feb. 68/4 If attaching a cover letter, ensure that it is specific to the vacancy and contains information that is not simply a repetition of the CV. Draft additions September 2003 coverline n. a headline on the front cover of a magazine advertising a story or feature inside. ΚΠ 1941 N.Y. Times 5 Oct. ix. 4/1 He initiated the incendiary cover line or magazine headline. 1996 Sunday Tel. 4 Feb. 29/1 Today the coverlines of glossy women's magazines share a certain monotony (‘You can survive a sex famine’, ‘One woman, two lovers’, ‘My night with a male hooker’). Draft additions September 2003 covers band n. Music = cover band n. at Additions. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > company of instrumentalists > [noun] > small band or pop group group1927 combination1928 combo1935 skiffle group1953 pop group1963 supergroup1968 rap group1969 garage band1974 hair band1989 popular beat combo1990 covers band1991 1990 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 30 Mar. (Friday section) p. q The band started as an all-covers band but now performs 14 of its own songs.] 1991 Q Sept. 39 Nor did his first efforts at forming a NWOBHM [= New Wave of British Heavy Metal] covers band strike a chord with the ‘American boneheads’ who answered his Musicians Wanted ads. 1999 Daily News (Taranaki, N.Z.) (Electronic ed.) 30 Sept. Twenty years ago the covers bands held sway, with punters flocking to the pubs to hear their favourite local bands doing versions of the chart hits of the day. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022). covern.2 Wales. The ordinary measure of land in South Wales, being ⅔ of an imperial acre. ΚΠ 1709 London Gaz. No. 4516/4 The Estate..containing 551 Acres, Statute Measure, being 828 Welch Covers. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). covern.3 Cornwall. One who lives in a cove. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > [noun] > dweller beside sea coast-man1580 maritimea1600 sea-borderer1599 sea-boarder1611 coaster1612 shoreman1650 Paralian1724 Orarian1869 bayman1904 cover1905 1905 Westm. Gaz. 13 Apr. 8/3 This action has been deeply resented by the ‘Covers’, who a short time since removed these obstructions. 1913 A. Quiller-Couch News from Duchy 183 The ‘Covers’, or native fishermen. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online September 2018). coverv.1 I. To place a covering over, and related uses. 1. transitive. To put or lay something over (an object), with the effect of hiding from view, protecting, or enclosing; to overlay, overspread with. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] beteec893 wryOE heelOE hilla1240 forhilla1300 covera1400 curea1400 covertc1420 paviliona1509 overdeck1509 heild?a1513 deck?1521 overhale1568 line1572 skin1618 operculate1623 endue1644 theek1667 to do over1700 sheugh1755 occlude1879 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3678 Wit a rugh skin sco hidd his hals And couerd þar-wit his hands als. 14.. Early Eng. Misc. (Warton Club) 68 Kever the rotes aȝene with same erthe. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 9616 Priam a prise towmbe prestly gart make, And the bodyes..buried þerin..Couert hom clanly, closet hom togedur. 1582 J. Hester tr. L. Fioravanti Compend. Rationall Secretes iii. xxxiii. 47 Put it into a greate Tubbe, and keeuer it with water. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii.viii. sig. T4 Where finding life not yet dislodged quight, He much reioyst, and courd it tenderly. 1669 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense (ed. 3) 41 Cover with dry straw..your young exposed Ever-greens. 1753 Extracts Trial J. Stewart in Scots Mag. June 291/2 The people..were covering potatoes. 1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. I. 410 Cover the whole with a stratum of charcoal. 2. To put a covering of some specified kind on.The addition or accession of the covering, rather than the condition of the object covered, is the prominent notion. a. To put a cover or lid upon (a vessel, etc.), or over (its contents); also to overlay (a pie or the like) with paste. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > put a cover on lid?c1225 cover1382 the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > a receptacle > with a lid lid?c1225 cover1382 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Exod. xxi. 33 If eny man open a cystern..and not couerith it, and oxe or asse fal into it. c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 45 Keuere þin cofyns with þe same past. c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 52 Kyuere hym [þe Lampray] fayre with a lede. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 26 To couer euery pot with one couer. a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 76 They [sc. coffins] had been at first cover'd with handsome lids. 1853 A. Soyer Pantropheon 63 Cover the saucepan for an instant, uncover, and serve. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > build or provide with specific parts [verb (transitive)] > roof heela1387 theek1387 cover1393 roofc1425 uphead1519 shedc1600 close1659 oversail1673 hovel1688 to cover in1726 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. iv. 64 Ich shal keuery ȝoure kirke and ȝoure cloistre maken. 1482 W. Caxton Trevisa's Higden (1527) xli. 42 b Brent tyle to covere [1387 Trevisa hele] with houses and chirches. 1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 116 Their houses..are.. covered with straw or reed. 1642 tr. J. Perkins Profitable Bk. x. §666. 286 To cover the house of another stranger. 1734 G. Sale Preliminary Disc. i. 5 in tr. Koran Covered with a cupola. c. To put a surface layer of something on for ornament or use; to overlay, overspread with. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > coat or cover with a layer [verb (transitive)] lay?a1366 overlaya1400 coverc1400 sheeta1616 glidder1631 candy1639 face1648 to do over1700 coat1753 candify1777 bed1839 to lay down1839 overcoat1861 c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxi. 94 Þe walles within er couerd with plates of gold. 1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors iii. f. 31 The sea Calfe is neuer hurt with lyghtening, wherfore the Emperoures tentes, were wonte to be couered with their skinnes. 1665 S. Pepys Diary 21 Sept. (1972) VI. 235 Most of the house is covered..with Lead and gilded. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. iii. 29 Pines..covered with the freshly-fallen snow. 1872 E. Peacock Mabel Heron I. viii. 132 The roof was covered with wooden shingles. d. To spread a cloth or the like over the upper surface of (a table); esp. in preparation for a meal, to lay the cloth. Often absol. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > setting table > [verb (transitive)] layc1300 spreadc1300 setc1386 servec1405 cover1563 to lay in1788 lie1809 fix1842 1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 84 Quhy couer ȝe ȝour table with a quhyte clayth at ȝour communioun? 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 290 When the houre of Supper was come, and the tables couered. a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. F2 To couer courtly for a king. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iii. v. 54 Bid them couer the table. View more context for this quotation 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures lxxix. 320 Having caused a table to be covered for us, and on it placed store of excellent good meat. 1877 R. J. More Under Balkans A low stool covered by a handkerchief, on which were placed the religious books. e. To overspread with something which marks or occupies the whole surface; to strew with. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > spread or draw over (a thing) as covering for > bespread or cover with wryc950 bredeOE bridgeOE bespreadc1275 couchc1330 spreadc1330 cover1382 overspreadc1385 overlaya1400 overcast1440 to draw overc1450 ramplish1494 to lay over1535 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Ezek. xxiv. 7 He shedde it not out vpon erthe, that it may be keuered with dust. c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 22 The thorne is sharp kevered with fresshe colours. 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures i. 2 Our bodies covered..with the stripes of the lashes. 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures lxviii. 276 Covered all over with pearls, and chains. 1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 829 Gardens, fields and plains Were cover'd with the pest. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People ii. §1. 60 Art and literature covered England with great buildings and busy schools. 1875 W. S. Jevons Money (1878) 58 The whole surface could not be covered with a design. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > defecation > [verb (intransitive)] dritea1000 to do one's filthheadc1300 shit?c1335 to go to siegec1400 scumbera1425 cack1436 to do one's easementa1438 to ease nature, ease oneselfc1440 skite1449 to do of one's needingsc1475 fen1486 dung1508 spurge1530 to cover his feet1535 lask1540 stool1540 to exonerate nature1542 file1564 fiant1575 cucka1605 wray1620 exonerate1631 excrement1632 to do one's ease1645 sir-reverence1665 excrementizec1670 nest1679 poop1689 move1699 defecate1837 crap1874 mire1918 to make a mess1928 mess1937 to go poo-poo (also poo-poos)1960 potty1972 to do a whoopsie (or whoopsies)1973 pooh1975 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Sam. xxiv. 3 There was a caue, and Saul wente in to couer his fete. 1560 Bible (Geneva) Judges iii. 24 Surely he doeth his easement [margin] he couereth his feete. 1611 Bible (King James) Judges iii. 24 Surely he couereth his feet in his Summer chamber. View more context for this quotation g. Calico-printing. To print over with a pattern, etc. (Cf. cover n.1 1c.) ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > treat or process textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > print print1588 cover1874 1874 W. Crookes Pract. Handbk. Dyeing 564 The piece is then printed over—technically called ‘covered’—with a fine pattern, in purple or light chocolate, and dyed up with madder. 1874 W. Crookes Pract. Handbk. Dyeing 578 The pieces are then ‘covered’ with iron liquor..to produce the small design in dark purple. h. To affix the covering of cloth, leather, or other material on the boards of (a book) in binding. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > manufacture or production of books > book-binding > bind [verb (transitive)] > fix covering on boards cover1836 1836 L. Hebert Engin. & Mech. Encycl. I. 226 The book is then ready for covering, with leather, if to be whole bound. 1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 43/2 The materials used for covering are very various; but for the greater part of modern books calf-skin dyed of various colours is employed. i. To put a temporary cover of paper or other material on (a book) in order to protect it. ΚΠ 1888 Mrs. H. Ward Robert Elsmere xv Rose..covering a parish library book the while in a way which made Catherine's finger itch to take it from her. j. To make a cover version (cover n.1 1f) of (a song, etc.). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > perform (music) [verb (transitive)] > cover cover1965 1965 L. Huntley Lang. Music Business 90 A phonograph record company is said to cover the recording of another phonograph record company when it releases a competitive recording of the same song. 1975 R. S. Denisoff Solid Gold i. 10 Many acts popular in MOR..have made it a practice to ‘cover’ or copy the current hits in their more traditional styles. 1977 Chapple & Garofalo Rock'n'Roll is here to Stay ii. 238 Mercury's Georgia Gibbs covered Etta James' ‘Wallflower’ with a cleaned up version called ‘Dance with Me Henry’. 3. a. To clothe (the body); to wrap, wrap up, invest, envelop. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] wrya901 clothec950 shride971 aturnc1220 begoa1225 array1297 graith1297 agraithc1300 geara1325 cleadc1325 adightc1330 apparel1362 back1362 shape1362 attirea1375 parela1375 tirea1375 rayc1390 addressa1393 coverc1394 aguisea1400 scredea1400 shrouda1400 bedightc1400 buskc1400 harnessc1400 hatterc1400 revesta1449 able1449 dressa1450 reparel?c1450 adub?1473 endue?a1475 afaite1484 revestera1500 beclothe1509 trimc1516 riga1535 invest1540 vesture1555 suit1577 clad1579 investure1582 vest1582 deck1587 habit1594 to make ready1596 caparison1597 skin1601 shadow1608 garment1614 riga1625 raiment1656 garb1673 equip1695 to fit out1722 encase1725 tog1793 trick1821 to fig out1825 enclothe1832 toilet1842 to get up1858 habilitate1885 tailor1885 kit1919 c1394 P. Pl. Crede 116 Cloþ to coveren wiþ our bones. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 25465 Ne palle to couer mi bane. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 125/1 Yu haddest pite of my nakidnesse. For whan I was a cold thou couerdest me. ?c1510 tr. Newe Landes & People founde by Kynge of Portyngale sig. Aiv Ledder to kyuer theyr members with. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 5530 He was..couert as a capull all the corse ouer. 1611 Bible (King James) Isa. xxxvii. 1 Hee..couered himselfe with sackecloth. View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) Ezek. xvi. 10 I couered thee with silke. View more context for this quotation 1674 A. Cremer tr. J. Scheffer Hist. Lapland xvii. 90 They cover themselves in the Summer with blankets. b. figurative and transferred. ΚΠ 1382 J. Wyclif Psalms cviii[i]. 29 Be thei couered as with a double mantil with ther confusion. 1611 Bible (King James) Psalms cix. 29 Let them couer them selues with their owne confusion, as with a mantle. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 267 Heav'ns all-ruling Sire..with the Majesty of darkness round Covers his Throne. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. vi. viii. 280 She stood..covered with Confusion. View more context for this quotation 1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 79 You..cover yourselves with the renown of a good name. 4. to cover (one's head): to put on or wear one's hat or other head-covering; spec. after it has been taken off as a mark of reverence or respect; also to be covered, and absol. to cover. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [verb (intransitive)] > in specific way > types of to cover (one's head)c1340 scrub1590 wimple1591 sag1592 to go thina1610 to be covered1611 rustlea1616 to keep on1621 veil1714 to shake (have) a cloth in the wind1834 smock-frock1840 pad1873 tighten1896 tight-lace1898 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (intransitive)] > in specific way > in specific clothing to cover (one's head)c1340 boot1600 to be covered1611 to put on1611 robea1626 cloak1774 wrap1847 tuck1888 gown1896 flannel1919 to suit up1927 to dress down1941 c1340 R. Rolle Prose Treat. 27 It es no wyrchipe to Godd for to couer His heuede and leue His body bare. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 207/1 Thy veyl or keuerchief wyth whiche thou kouerst thy hede. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 499/1 Cover your heed. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Cor. xi. 6 If the woman be not couered, let her also bee shorne. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) v. i. 16 Good eu'n gentle friend. Couer thy head..Nay prethee bee couer'd [printed eouer'd] . View more context for this quotation a1641 J. Finett Philoxenis (1656) 194 Whether he would now, at his leave taking, cover in presence of her Majesty. 1667 S. Pepys Diary 4 July (1974) VIII. 319 Here I stood bare, not challenging..to be covered. 1800 in Ld. Nelson Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VII. p. cxcvii The Order has the particular privilege of being covered in the King's presence. 5. a. Said of the instrument: To lie or be over (an object) so as to hide, protect, or enclose it; to serve as a covering to. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > form or act as covering for bredeOE thatchc1000 wryOE umhilla1340 coverc1340 curea1400 overmantle1591 obduct1623 overface1632 obduce1657 cap1735 c1340 Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (E.E.T.S.) xliii[i]. 21 Shadew of deþ couered vs. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9998 Þe colur..þat cuuers al abute þe wal..es rede. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xix. 70 The nyght obscure couereth the landes. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. CCCiiiv The rofe that couereth al, is the theologicall vertue, hope. 1611 Bible (King James) Exod. xl. 34 A cloud couered the Tent of the Congregation. View more context for this quotation 1772 J. Adams tr. A. de Ulloa Voy. S. Amer. (ed. 3) I. 76 The shell which covers the coco nut. c1820 P. B. Shelley Fugitives viii One boat-cloak did cover The loved and the lover. 1823 F. Clissold Narr. Ascent Mont Blanc 16 A smooth broad sheet of ice covered the whole of the declivity. 1883 ‘G. Lloyd’ Ebb & Flow II. xxv. 82 Dreary swamps cover what was once the city of Classis. b. Said of garments and the like. ΚΠ 1401 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) II. 71 The scapelarie also that kevereth the schuldris. 1533 T. More Apol. xxii, in Wks. 882 Clothes that shal only kever them and not kepe them warme. 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xxii. sig. Cv All that beauty that doth couer thee, Is but the seemely rayment of my heart. View more context for this quotation 1674 A. Cremer tr. J. Scheffer Hist. Lapland xvii. 88 A cap which..covers part of their shoulders. c. To extend or abound thickly over the face of; to occupy the entire surface of; to strew, occupy. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > completely > a surface cover1382 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Num. xxii. 5 A peple..that couereth the vttermoost of the erthe. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 5931 Frogges þat no tonge coude tel..Al þe erþe þei couered so. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lviii. 201 The feldes were coueryd with deed men. 1611 Bible (King James) Exod. viii. 6 Frogges came vp, and couered the land of Egypt. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 312 So thick bestrown..lay these, covering the Flood. View more context for this quotation 1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. iv. iii. 97 The bands..then covering the upper provinces of Hindustan. 1872 J. Yeats Growth Commerce 31 Phœnician and Greek vessels covered the eastern Mediterranean. ΚΠ 1762 in J. Hancock His Bk. (1898) 13 This is chiefly to cover you the Inclos'd Letter from Mr. Willm Bowes. 1776 A. Adams in J. Adams & A. Adams Familiar Lett. (1876) 179 I wrote you two letters..which were both covered together. 1801 in Ld. Nelson Dispatches & Lett. (1845) IV. 364 Your Excellency's letter..covering two letters from Lord Carysfort. e. figurative. ΚΠ 1819 P. B. Shelley Cenci ii. ii. 31 Words are but holy as the deeds they cover. 6. a. Of a stallion: To copulate with (the mare); rarely of other animals. Also absol. and causally. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [verb (transitive)] > copulate with entera1425 alignc1425 line1495 cover1535 serve1577 befilth1593 topa1616 back1658 strenea1728 mate1932 service1947 the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by gender or age > [verb (transitive)] > serve mares (of stallion) horsec1420 cover1535 sally1693 1535 Act 27 Hen. VIII c. 6 §1 Horses and nagges..to couour mares and felys of very small stature. 1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie xvii. 42 [The stag] which hath the mastrie..casting himselfe with a full leape vpon the Hynde to couer hir. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iii. f. 126 [The Ass] must not be lesse then three yeeres olde when he couereth your Mares. a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) i. i. 113 Youle haue your daughter couered with a Barbary horse. View more context for this quotation 1632 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy (ed. 4) iii. ii. v. v. 579 Like that generous mare..she was Contented at last to be Couered by an asse. 1704 J. Swift Disc. Mech. Operat. Spirit ii, in Tale of Tub 312 The Persian Beast acquired his Faculty, by covering a Mare the Day before. 1790 R. Beilby & T. Bewick Gen. Hist. Quadrupeds 5 Eclipse..now covers by subscription forty mares at thirty guineas each. 1810 Sporting Mag. 36 60 A stallion..[which] covers this season at Dringhouses. 1842 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm (1851) II. 155 Covering her with another horse, or another kind of horse. 1859 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. V. 567/1 A bitch which had never been covered. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > egg > [verb (transitive)] > brood over hove1399 broodc1440 cover1607 hurkle1640 hover1789 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 185 Egs couered by the hen. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 128. ¶3 Whilst the Hen is covering her Eggs. 7. a. To place a coin, etc. of equal value upon another, as in wagering. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > payment > contribution > contribute [verb (transitive)] > place coin of equal value on cover1857 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > gamble at a game [verb (transitive)] > stake something in game > put stake of equal value upon cover1857 1857 G. Borrow Romany Rye II. xiii. 193 ‘This is slow work,’ said Jack, banging down a guinea on the table; ‘can you cover that, old fellow?’ 1862 A. Trollope Orley Farm II. xxvii. 213 I'll put that [ten-pound note] in John Kenneby's hands, and do you cover it. 1893 N.E.D. at Cover Mod. We must do something to help him. I will give a sovereign if you will cover it. b. To play a card of higher value upon (one already played). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > play a card [verb (transitive)] > actions or tactics to hold up?1499 decardc1555 to turn up1580 discard1591 pulla1625 to sit out1659 face1674 to make out1680 to lay out1687 to throw away1707 lead1739 weaken1742 carry1744 to take in1744 force1746 to show down1768 throw1866 blank1884 block1884 cover1885 unblock1885 pitch1890 1885 R. A. Proctor How to play Whist ii. 34 If a high card is led, and you hold a higher..it is generally best to cover. 1885 R. A. Proctor How to play Whist ii. 35 When King is led, second player, if he holds Ace, puts it on (‘covers’, is the technical expression). II. To protect, screen, etc. 8. a. To shield, protect, shelter. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > seek (refuge) [verb (transitive)] > shelter wrench?c1225 covera1275 herda1300 lown1487 scug1513 subumber1543 becalm1559 embower1580 ensconce1594 sconce1598 screen1611 burrow1657 lew1664 embosom1685 a1275 Prov. Ælfred 595 in Old Eng. Misc. 135 Þe woke gume þu coveren. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 1798 Was nan fra dede þat mith him couer. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxi. 97 A grete target, with whilk þai couer all þaire body. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 90 They brought him into a seller..and so couered him from the people. 1602 R. Boyle Diary (1887) 2nd Ser. I. 41 Tyrrell..to cover his estates he maketh semblance to come to submission. 1678 tr. L. de Gaya Art of War ii. 112 Parapet, a casting up of Earth to cover the Defender. 1684 Scanderbeg Redivivus v. 120 That he Commanded the Tartars to keep near him to cover his March. 1734 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. I. 259 Conveyed to his camp by a body of troopers, who covered him with their arms and bodies. 1841 T. B. Macaulay in G. O. Trevelyan Life & Lett. Macaulay (1876) II. ix. 130 Any measure which he chooses to cover with his authority. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 236 Leake..exposed his frigate to cover the merchantmen. 1887 A. B. Ellis Tshi-speaking Peoples xvi. 230 The swamp..is..inhabited by a powerful god who covers the approach to the capital. b. Said also of the material instrument: To serve as a defence, protection, or shelter to; spec. a fortress, or its guns, are said to cover the territory within their range. Also figurative; cf. command v. 14a. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defend [verb (transitive)] > give defensive support to succour1297 cover1741 c1420 Anturs of Arth. xli He keruet of the cantel that couurt the knyȝte. c1449 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) II. 221 Our welevette hatte..keueryd us from mony stormys browne. 1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 75 b A Port..covered with some high steep hill, that may..serve as a land-mark for the Sailors. 1741 J. Seacome Memoirs 110 Cannon..to Cover the Ships in the Harbour. 1759 Ann. Reg. 1758 55 Some woods..which covered their retreat. 1838–43 T. Arnold Hist. Rome II. xxiv. 537 High ground, covered in front by the deep bed of the Anio. c. Said of a ship's flag, and papers; of a law, constitution, etc. ΚΠ 1786 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1844) I. 180 She was an American Vessel, although covered by British Papers. 1788 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) II. 470 Such a constitution..as will..cover its friends, and make its enemies tremble. 1835 A. Alison Hist. Europe during French Revol. IV. xxxii. 456 That the flag should cover the merchandise. d. to cover a siege, etc.: to protect the besieging army from attack. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defend [verb (transitive)] > screen or shelter from attack shadow1489 to stop a gap1535 shelter1667 to cover a siege1693 screen1870 1693 tr. J. Le Clerc Mem. Count Teckely ii. 162 The King at last consented to stay and cover the Siege. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 404 The siege went on in form: And the King lay with an Army covering it. 1811 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1838) VII. 620 By which the operation can be covered if it should be possible to continue it, or the siege can be raised if it should be necessary to raise it. 9. To hide or screen from view; to conceal. a. Said of the agent. to cover the buckle: see buckle n. 1b. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > hide, conceal [verb (transitive)] heeleOE forhelec888 i-hedec888 dernc893 hidec897 wryOE behelec1000 behidec1000 bewryc1000 forhidec1000 overheleOE hilla1250 fealc1325 cover1340 forcover1382 blinda1400 hulsterc1400 overclosec1400 concealc1425 shroud1426 blend1430 close1430 shadow1436 obumber?1440 mufflea1450 alaynec1450 mew?c1450 purloin1461 to keep close?1471 oversilec1478 bewrap1481 supprime1490 occulta1500 silec1500 smoor1513 shadec1530 skleir1532 oppressa1538 hudder-mudder1544 pretex1548 lap?c1550 absconce1570 to steek away1575 couch1577 recondite1578 huddle1581 mew1581 enshrine1582 enshroud1582 mask1582 veil1582 abscondc1586 smotherc1592 blot1593 sheathe1594 immask1595 secret1595 bemist1598 palliate1598 hoodwinka1600 overmaska1600 hugger1600 obscure1600 upwrap1600 undisclose1601 disguise1605 screen1611 underfold1612 huke1613 eclipsea1616 encavea1616 ensconcea1616 obscurify1622 cloud1623 inmewa1625 beclouda1631 pretext1634 covert1647 sconce1652 tapisa1660 shun1661 sneak1701 overlay1719 secrete1741 blank1764 submerge1796 slur1813 wrap1817 buttress1820 stifle1820 disidentify1845 to stick away1900 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 2408 Nathyng here swa covered and hydde Þat sal noght þan be shewed and kydde. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 2046 A mantil fra his neck he toke..And him [sc. Noah] þar wid couerid þai. a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 129 Gret olyvys..Coverd in levys smale. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 499/2 I covered me behynde yonder hangyng and herde all their counsayle. 1611 Bible (King James) Matt. x. 26 There is nothing couered, that shall not be reueiled. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 92 Lead me to some solitary Place, And cover my Retreat from Human Race. View more context for this quotation 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth III. 119 He [sc. the stag] will often cover himself under water, so as to shew nothing but the tip of his nose. 1819 P. B. Shelley Cenci i. iii. 19 Cover thy face from every living eye. b. To conceal or screen (actions, facts, qualities, and other immaterial objects). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > keep from knowledge [verb (transitive)] heeleOE dernc893 mitheeOE wryOE buryc1175 hidec1200 dilla1300 laina1375 keepa1382 wrapa1382 cover1382 conceala1393 curea1400 shroud1412 veilc1460 smorec1480 cele1484 suppress1533 wrap1560 smoulder1571 squat1577 muffle1582 estrange1611 screen1621 lock1646 umbrage1675 reserve1719 restrict1802 hugger-mugger1803 mask1841 ward1881 thimblerig1899 marzipan1974 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 2 Esdras iv. 5 Ne couere thou the wickenesse of hem. c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame 275 Ther may be vnder godelyhede Keuered many a shrewde vice. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) xliii. 83 He made no semblaunt therof, as he that wel coude couure his courage. 1599 A. Day Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) To Rdr. sig. A3v If..you..find any thing blame worthy, couer it I pray you..with the vaile of your courtesie. 1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 249 With great care they will cover their losses. 1736 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. IX. 68 They covered their voyage with the pretext of ransoming prisoners. 1883 ‘G. Lloyd’ Ebb & Flow II. xxxiv. 268 Frank laughed to cover his anxiety. c. Said also of the instrument. ΚΠ 1601 Bp. W. Barlow Serm. Paules Crosse Martij 1600 34 Would to God the same earth..could also cover the sinne. 1621 Knolles's Gen. Hist. Turkes (ed. 3) 1358 By reason of a little mountain that couered them. 1773 F. Burney Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1988) I. 236 His Voice is so sweet, that it wants no Instruments to cover it. a1843 R. Southey Vision Maid of Orleans 265 That thou shalt wish The earth might cover thee. 10. a. Of a pickpocket's confederate: To screen the operations of (a principal). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > picking pockets > pick pockets [verb (transitive)] > distract from or screen pickpocket stall1592 to give (a person) gammon1717 cover1819 1819 J. H. Vaux Memoirs I. xii. 140 He only required me and the third man to cover him. 1858 Glasgow Gaz. 13 Nov. (Farmer) I saw Merritt..thrust his hand into the pocket..Jordan and O'Brien were covering Merritt. 1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock (1861) 422 He had missed the confederate who usually ‘covered’ him. b. To shield from legal penalties. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > protect or defend [verb (transitive)] > from legal penalties cover1888 1888 Lancet 8 Aug. 297/2 He holds in his own name the appointment of a surgeon..He covers himself by employing a qualified assistant..to sign certificates. 1888 Lancet 8 Aug. 297/2 Cover Assistant.—A qualified man ‘covering’ one unqualified at a distance of six or seven miles lays himself open to censure by the Medical Council. 11. to cover (with a gun, pistol, etc.): to present a gun or pistol at (something) so as to have it directly in the line of fire; to aim directly at. ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > direct [verb (transitive)] > aim at mete1598 rove1598 levy1618 mean1633 to cover (with a gun, pistol, etc.)1693 to draw a bead upon1831 target1837 sight1871 bead1888 1693 W. Congreve Old Batchelour i. i. 5 'Tis his diversion to Set, 'tis mine to Cover the Partridge. 1830 Chron. in Ann. Reg. (1831) 138/1 He [a duellist] levelled his pistol, and covered Mr. O'Grady for a few seconds. 1888 Cent. Mag. 36 40/1 I covered him with the rifle and made him move off. 12. Military. To stand in line with from a point of sight or of attention. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > form (line, column, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > stand in line with cover1796 to form on1799 1796 Instr. & Regulations Cavalry 9 That those several leaders may the more accurately and easily cover each other, when the march is in a straight alignement. 1853 J. H. Stocqueler Mil. Encycl. 75/2 To cover..to stand in such a position in file, that when [a man] looks exactly forward to the neck of the man who leads him, he cannot see the second man from him. 1859 F. A. Griffiths Artillerist's Man. (1862) 155 The subaltern officers see that both the picket and tent pole numbers [i.e. men] cover correctly. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. (at cited word) In the field exercise and drill of troops, one body is said to cover another exactly in rear of it. 13. a. Cricket. To take up such a position behind (another man) as to be able to stop the balls missed by him. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > fielding > field [verb (transitive)] > back up or cover to back up1772 cover1833 1833 J. Nyren Young Cricketer's Tutor 46 Long Field to cover the Middle Wicket and Point..must learn to judge the direction in which the batter..will strike the ball, and..he should be off to meet, or cover it. 1850 ‘Bat’ Cricketer's Man. (rev. ed.) 44 The long-slip is placed to cover the short-slip. 1870 Blaine's Encycl. Rural Sports (rev. ed.) §456 A man to cover the middle-wicket and the point, stands on the off-side of the striker. It is his duty to save those balls that either of the above may have missed. b. Tennis. To defend by or have within the scope of one's play. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > racket games > lawn tennis > play tennis [verb (transitive)] > defend by play cover1889 1889 H. W. W. Wilberforce Lawn Tennis xi. 35 The man at the net covers far more of the court. 1907 P. A. Vaile Mod. Lawn Tennis 111 You cannot cover the whole court, and you must go where you have the best chance of meeting the ball. 1920 W. T. Tilden Art of Lawn Tennis 44 Your position should always strive to be such that you can cover the greatest possible area of court without sacrificing safety, since the straight shot is the surest, most dangerous, and must be covered. c. In various sports, to mark (an opponent) or guard (an area of the field) as a tactic of defence. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of play, actions, or postures > [verb (transitive)] > other actions or types of play outshoot1545 football1599 pitch1717 make1819 to warm up1868 to draw out1893 bench1898 foot1900 cover1907 cannonball1911 telegraph1913 unsight1923 snap1951 to sit out1955 pike1956 to sit down1956 wrong-foot1960 blindside1968 sit1977 1907 Washington Star 23 Nov. 9/3 The announcement of his selection was taken that Harvard would play a wide open game, relying upon the ends to cover it. 1921 C. D. Daly Amer. Football iv. 67 The remainder of the backfield all move over to cover more securely the ground vacated by the opposite end when he goes through. 1934 Crisler & Wieman Pract. Football xiii. 198 The man-to-man defense, in which each defensive man has a definite assignment to cover a particular opponent. 1950 D. Faurot Football xix. 226 With two men in a pass zone, cover the deeper one. 1972 G. Green Great Moments in Sport: Soccer ii. 37 England's centre-half..was left high and dry, with no one positive to cover. 1981 N.Y. Times 16 Sept. b11/6 Larry Milbourne..broke from his shortstop position to cover second. 14. To take charge of (a class, lesson, etc.) in place of an absent colleague. Also absol. See to cover for at Phrasal verbs). ΘΚΠ society > education > teaching > [verb (intransitive)] > cover a class for a colleague cover1970 society > education > teaching > [verb (transitive)] > cover a class for a colleague to cover for1968 cover1970 1970 in Fremdsprachen (1973) XVII. 63/2 Thanks are due to colleagues who covered classes at short notice. 1984 Times 12 Dec. 11/5 Yesterday I covered a lesson with a bottom-band, fifth-year class. 1986 Teacher 26 May 8/3 It is one of four authorities..which were taken to court by the NUT for making deductions from teachers' pay for refusing to cover. III. To extend or stretch over, to pass over. 15. a. To be extensive enough to include or comprehend; to include within its application or scope; to provide for. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > include [verb (transitive)] > include in its scope comprehendc1386 overlaya1400 sweep1692 cover1793 involve1847 1793 E. Burke Observ. Conduct Minority in Two Lett. Conduct Domestick Parties (1797) 42 Mr. Fox's general principal fully covered all this. 1885 Sir N. Lindley in Law Times Rep. 52 319/2 The words are sufficiently wide to cover them. 1891 Law Times 92 104/2 In cases which are not covered by the statutory provisions of the Divorce Acts. b. To include, comprise, extend over. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > incorporate or include [verb (transitive)] beclipc1230 beshut1340 contain1340 comprehendc1374 continue1377 begripe1393 close1393 incorpor1398 conceive?c1400 includec1475 engrossa1500 complect1523 conclude?1523 employ1528 to take in1534 retain1577 surmise1578 imprehend1590 immerse1605 comprise1651 involve1651 complexa1657 embrace1697 incorporate1824 embody1847 cover1868 1868 W. E. Gladstone Juventus Mundi (1870) iii. 90 The name may be one covering some of the allied contingents. 1885 Manch. Examiner 12 Aug. 5/2 The sixteenth annual report..which covers the year 1884. c. To report (an event, meeting, etc.) for a newspaper, broadcast, or the like; to attend, investigate, etc., as a reporter. Originally U.S. ΘΚΠ society > communication > journalism > [verb (transitive)] > report report1792 cover1893 1893 M. Philips Making of Newsp. 6 [The news editor] has been preparing to ‘cover’ such important events as are ‘in sight’. 1898 Scribner's Mag. May 572/1 One day a cub reporter was sent to cover a meeting of an East Side literary club. 1898 Scribner's Mag. May 581/1 ‘There's good humorous stuff in it,’ he said..‘just your line. Do you care to cover it?’ 1898 Westm. Gaz. 3 June 8/1 There was a licensed victuallers' dinner at Aston, and one of the reporting staff was sent to cover it. 1906 N.Y. Evening Post 20 Nov. 8 The Frankfurter Zeitung published a special from Berlin, covering the inaugural lecture of the Roosevelt professor. 1911 E. Ferber Dawn O'Hara vi. 79 I was sent to cover a Socialist meeting in New York. 1928 Strand Mag. 75 84/2 In covering the consecration of Liverpool Cathedral for a broadcast which lasted for about an hour, there were five microphones in use. 1935 W. H. Auden & C. Isherwood Dog beneath Skin i. ii Officially, I'm covering the Danube floods. 1958 Spectator 27 June 827/3 Both BBC and ITV must know where they stand if they wish to cover the election on the same basis as the newspapers do. 1969 New Yorker 29 Mar. 27/3 Once again television had become the event, instead of merely covering it. d. To photograph the whole of an area from the air. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > action of taking photograph > photograph [verb (transitive)] > from the air cover1919 1919 C. C. Turner Struggle in Air xv. 205 Thousands of exposures had to be made by scores of pilots who had to ‘cover’ the ground allotted to them. 1958 C. B. Smith Evidence in Camera 35 Large areas of the Siegfried Line were ‘covered’ for the first time. e. to cover the water: (see quot.). ΚΠ 1898 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport II. 296/2 A crew is said to cover or clear its water, when stroke dips his oar into the river at a point nearer the winning post than the eddy which was created by No. 2's oar in the previous stroke. 16. To extend over, be co-extensive with, occupy, comprise: a. a space; also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > extend [verb (transitive)] > extend over > extend over so as to cover overgroweOE wryc1275 overtakec1425 overreachc1440 overrun?1440 spread?1567 overcreep1640 cover1874 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People v. §1. 215 His [Chaucer's] tales cover the whole field of mediæval poetry. 1879 G. A. Sala in Daily Tel. 21 July Meux's brewery covers nearly four acres of ground. 1887 C. C. Abbott Waste-land Wanderings vi. 160 This [remark] covers the ground completely. b. a period of time. ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > reach or extend over a period of time containc1374 span1624 cover1863 comprise1870 1863 A. P. Stanley Lect. Jewish Church I. xviii. 387 The life..of Samuel covers the whole of this period of perplexity and doubt. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People ix. §1. 602 The long life of Hobbes covers a memorable space in our history. c. In other figurative uses, in which it is sometimes combined with other senses. Cf. overtake v. ΚΠ 1883 Manch. Examiner 6 Nov. 5/4 The work..was found to be more than its existing staff at the ports could cover. 1890 Times (Weekly ed.) 28 Feb. 1/2 The..Loan has been covered many times over by subscriptions. 17. To pass over (ground); to get over, complete, or traverse (a given distance). ΘΚΠ society > travel > [verb (transitive)] > traverse a distance or ground runeOE overcomeOE meteOE through-gangOE passc1300 to pass over ——c1300 overpassc1325 tracec1381 travela1393 traverse?a1400 travelc1400 measure?a1425 walkc1450 go1483 journey1531 peragrate1542 trade1548 overspin1553 overtrace1573 tract1579 progress1587 invade1590 waste1590 wear1596 march1606 void1608 recovera1625 expatiate1627 lustrate1721 do1795 slip1817 cover1818 clear1823 track1823 itinerate1830 betravel1852 to roll off1867 1818 ‘W. H. Scott’ Brit. Field Sports 510 Other racers..loiter on the ground..losing time while they cover space. 1869 E. A. Parkes Man. Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 269 In the same Kaffir war..1000 miles were covered in seventy-one days. 1881 Daily Tel. 4 Apr. Wanted, by manufacturer..Part Services of a Gentleman covering Beds, Berks, Bucks, Herts, and Oxon. 1891 Field 28 Nov. 832/2 The distance covered was close on twenty miles. 18. a. To be sufficient to defray (a charge, or expense), or to meet (a liability or risk of loss); to counterbalance or compensate (a loss or risk) so as to do away with its incidence; to be or make an adequate provision against (a liability); to protect by insurance or the like. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > payment > pay money or things [verb (transitive)] > pay (a claim, dues, or charge) > be sufficient to pay1439 cover1828 meet1834 society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > insure [verb (transitive)] insure1635 hedge1672 cover1866 society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [verb (transitive)] > use bills of exchange protest1479 retire1610 imprest1617 to take up1655 honour1664 discount1671 indulge1766 dishonour1811 cover1866 sight1866 protect1884 1828 W. Scott Jrnl. 23 Mar. (1941) 212 This..will prettily cover [the expense of] my London journey. 1866 A. Crump Pract. Treat. Banking v. 132 A promissory note received from a customer and his surety to cover a running balance. 1875 W. S. Jevons Money (1878) 119 A small charge..to cover the trouble and risk. 1884 C. Bowen in Law Times Rep. 19 Apr. 218/1 The bill of sale shall cover..the whole 400l. 1885 Manch. Examiner 15 May 5/7 An obvious saving in time and labour which must go a long way to cover their original cost. b. absol. To provide cover; to meet the liability incurred in a speculative sale; to insure oneself. ΚΠ 1870 J. K. Medbery Men & Myst. Wall St. 227 On dividing the assets it was discovered that the Treasurer had used up all the funds in a frantic effort to cover. 1882 Manch. Guard. 18 Oct. 4 The avowed expectation on the part of producers that they will be able to ‘cover’ later on to better advantage. 1884 St. James's Gaz. 15 Mar. 3/2 He can always ‘cover’ in Havre or Paris or Hamburg, where..much English business is already done. c. to cover short sales, or ‘shorts’ (Stock Exch.): to buy in such stocks as have been sold short (i.e. without being actually held by the seller), in order to meet his engagements on the day of delivery, or to protect himself against loss. ΚΠ 1878 Fables from N.Y. World 14 Who had realized at the turn of the market, and was now trying to cover his shorts. 1892 Times 23 Aug. 3 The closing was strong, Reading advancing to 30, on covering by the ‘shorts.’ d. to cover into the Treasury (U.S.): to cover or write off the balance in a balance-sheet by a transfer of the amount into the Treasury; hence, to pay into the Treasury. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > payment > pay money or things [verb (transitive)] > pay into the treasury to cover into the Treasury1868 society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > keep accounts [verb (transitive)] > cancelling due balance or debt to write off1815 to cover into the Treasury1868 1868 Congr. Globe 17 Feb. 1211/3 These covering warrants..are drawn in this way, and receipted by the Treasurer. And this is technically called covering money into the Treasury. 1884 Harper's Mag. June 53/2 The bribe was ‘covered into the Treasury’. 1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 3 Dec. 7/2 No heirs appeared, and the money was covered in time into the State treasury. 1892 Public Ledger (Philadelphia) 7 Jan. The work was done for $1900 less than the appropriation, and that amount was covered into the State Treasury. Phrasal verbs With adverbs and prepositions. to cover for (a) To cover up for (a wrongdoer): see sense to cover up 4 at Phrasal verbs; (b) to carry out the essential duties of (a fellow employee, esp. a teacher or hospital doctor, absent through sickness, etc.) in addition to one's own job; to act as a substitute for. ΘΚΠ society > education > teaching > [verb (transitive)] > cover a class for a colleague to cover for1968 cover1970 society > occupation and work > working > [verb (transitive)] > relieve (a person) at work spell1595 shift1673 relay1788 to cover for1968 the world > health and disease > healing > art or science of medicine > practice of healing art > practise the healing art [verb (transitive)] > act as substitute for (another doctor) to cover for1968 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > escape observation [verb (intransitive)] > conceal misdeed to cover up1942 to cover for1968 1968 S. Bellow in Playboy Jan. 244/1 She said that Zaikas had covered for Isaac, who was a party to the state-hospital scandal. 1976 Times 30 Mar. 4/1 Yesterday the National Union of Teachers extended to Devon and to Oldham, Lancashire, its campaign of refusing to cover for teachers who are absent for more than three days. 1980 A. Newman Mackenzie 294 I'd had to ring Judy from a call-box and ask her to cover for me, just in case. 1985 Times Educ. Suppl. 25 Jan. 1/1 Teachers who refuse to cover for absent colleagues or attend staff meetings are likely to have pay deducted from now on. To complete the covering of (anything) by adding the upper layer or part; to add the roof to a building; to fill in the earth in a grave or excavation. (Also said of the roof, etc.) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > build or provide with specific parts [verb (transitive)] > roof heela1387 theek1387 cover1393 roofc1425 uphead1519 shedc1600 close1659 oversail1673 hovel1688 to cover in1726 society > occupation and work > industry > earth-moving, etc. > [verb (transitive)] > fill in earth to cover in1819 back-fill1930 1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 57 a Various methods of covering in a Building. 1762 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy V. iv. 36 The gilded dome which covers in the fabrick. 1819 P. B. Shelley Julian & Maddalo 316 Would the dust Were covered in upon my body now! 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. v. 50 The little knoll which we cleared away to cover in our storehouse of valuables. 1893 N.E.D. at Cover Mod. The house is fairly dry; it was covered in before the winter. To cover the whole surface of, cover completely, overlay; to cover with anything that overhangs. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > cover over or up bitheccheOE bewrya1000 overheleOE becoverc1325 overcovera1382 overhillc1390 hapc1400 whelvec1440 bield?1507 to cover over1530 obrute1542 overdight1581 whave1674 tile1719 beshroud1847 to cover up1872 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 499/2 Saynt Thomas shrine is covered over with golde. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 51 Vnder a rock arched, with trees thick coouered ouer. a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iv. i. 104 The Deske That's couer'd o're with Turkish Tapistrie. View more context for this quotation a1776 Lass of Lochroyan v, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1885) II. iii. lxxvi A bonny ship..a' cored o'er with pearl. 1. To wrap up so as to conceal; to cover over. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > cover over or up bitheccheOE bewrya1000 overheleOE becoverc1325 overcovera1382 overhillc1390 hapc1400 whelvec1440 bield?1507 to cover over1530 obrute1542 overdight1581 whave1674 tile1719 beshroud1847 to cover up1872 1872 E. Peacock Mabel Heron I. viii. 131 The idea of covering up any portion of the rich garden loam with buildings. 1881 W. M. Thayer From Log Cabin to White House iv Often..feeling cold after having kicked off the bedclothes, he would say in his sleep: ‘Tom, cover me up’. 2. transitive. To conceal (a crime, etc.). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > keep from knowledge [verb (transitive)] > cover up smother1579 to shuffle up1588 smother1589 smooth1592 smooth1592 slobber1630 to hush up1632 slubber1646 smooth1684 sopite1746 shade1785 smug1857 hugger-mugger1862 to cover up1926 1926 G. Hunting Vicarion xi. 189 It was the scenes she'd just looked at in the theater—something she'd done and thought was covered up, but is found out now! 1928 E. O'Neill Strange Interlude iv A distressingly obvious attempt to cover up a chronic state of..guilty conscience. 3. intransitive. Cricket. To protect one's wicket with one's pads or legs from a ball that is turning in. ΚΠ 1927 M. A. Noble Those ‘Ashes’ 16 The ball must not be pitched outside the leg stump, because the batsman can cover up without danger. 4. intransitive. To conceal a misdeed, deception, etc.; to assist a wrongdoer to escape detection. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > escape observation [verb (intransitive)] > conceal misdeed to cover up1942 to cover for1968 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > means of concealment > [adjective] > that disguises disguising1561 cloaking1563 umbratical1662 to cover up1942 1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §489/3 Cover (for), cover up (for).., to assist a confederate. 1958 Spectator 15 Aug. 225/1 Real or imaginary names are put to scripts imported from America... British writers are employed at starvation wages to ‘cover up’. 1961 in J. Barzun Delights of Detection 312 A woman who wouldn't commit a murder might be willing to help cover up after it had been committed. 1970 Daily Tel. 21 Oct. 2 Two police constables wrote out their resignation..because they were so sickened at attempts by senior officers to ‘cover up’ for a superintendent involved in a fatal road accident. Draft additions April 2010 transitive. Mathematics. Of a collection of sets, spaces, etc.: to contain between them all the elements of (a specified entity). Cf. covering n.1 Additions. ΚΠ 1905 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 204 235 Applying the Tile Theorem to the set of all these tiles, since their points of attachment fill up S, we obtain a finite or countably infinite set of them, covering every point of S. 1939 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 61 665 (title) The number of circles covering a set. 1968 E. T. Copson Metric Spaces vi. 72 It is always possible to choose a finite set of intervals..which also covers the given interval. 1972 M. Kline Math. Thought xliv. 1042 Consider a set E of points..Suppose that it is possible to enclose or cover these points by small subintervals. 2003 Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 131 1965 The space of irrational numbers cannot be covered by less than 2ω many compact subsets. Draft additions September 2018 1. colloquial (originally U.S.). a. to cover a person's back: to protect or guard a person against potential attack (sometimes literally from behind); (also) to support or assist a person.Cf. to watch a person's back at back n.1 Additions b, to get (also have) a person's back at back n.1 Additions. ΚΠ 1959 Grit (Williamsport, Pa.) 5 Apr. (Family section) 12/4 I figgered [sic] you'd have your mind on other things, so I came back and thought I'd cover your back for you without bothering to tell you about it. 1979 E. Torres After Hours xviii. 172 He was a terrific guy, cover your back in a minute. 2017 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 17 June (Insight section) 32 The overwhelming emotion is one of immense gratitude..to the colleagues who gave wise counsel and have covered my back. b. to cover one's back: to take precautionary measures to protect oneself and avoid future blame, criticism, or liability.Cf. to watch one's back at back n.1 Additions a. ΚΠ 1974 N.Y. Mag. 18 Feb. 48/1 Some colonel decided that he'd better cover his back just in case. 1996 Independent 17 Jan. (Suppl.) 14/2 Lawyers have to cover their backs all the time by providing good translations. 2013 M. Fuller Working with Bitches xiv. 245 If there are people you can trust at work, alert them that you are going through a tough period, just to cover your back. 2. slang (originally U.S.). a. to cover one's arse (also ass, etc.): to take precautionary measures to protect oneself and avoid future blame, criticism, or liability; cf. to cover one's back at Additions 1b.Earlier currency of this sense is apparently implied by the abbreviation CYA in quot. 1959. ΚΠ 1959 W. A. Heflin Aerospace Gloss. 29/1 CYA, ‘Keep your skirts clean’. Pentagon slang.] 1969 Washington Post 18 May (Potomac section) 22/2 Growing heated over what is happening in the Pentagon, over vested interests at large and the men who can think of nothing except to ‘cover their asses’. 1988 D. J. Saari Court & Free-lance Reporter Profession ii. 71 The..tendencies of organizational members to write ‘memos to the file’ in order to cover their behinds. 2002 Weekly World News 8 Jan. 26 Some overcautious companies go way overboard in trying to cover their butts and ward off possible lawsuits. 2014 Fair Disclosure Wire 10 Sept. I kept a pile of liquidity to cover my arse when things got tough. b. to cover a person's arse (also ass, etc.): to protect or guard a person against potential attack (sometimes literally from behind); (also) to support or assist a person; cf. to cover a person's back at Additions 1a. ΚΠ 1982 P. Matthews & C. Matthews Empire xiv. 175 Fanti felt that he could relax a little. He could operate without fear from now on, with Will Cole there to cover his ass. 1991 Toronto Star (Nexis) 7 Jan. (Final ed.) (Letter section) a12 Landlords..fully expected their Liberal and Conservative buddies would cover their butts by allowing huge rent increases. 2017 Daily Mirror (Ireland ed.) (Nexis) 23 Oct. 10 They [sc. the bankers] have been running rings around the Government since we wrote them a €64billion cheque to cover their arses when the economy imploded. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † coverv.2 Obsolete. 1. a. transitive. To get, gain, obtain, attain. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] wieldeOE haveeOE ofgoOE oweOE addlec1175 winc1175 avela1200 to come by ——a1225 covera1250 oughtc1275 reachc1275 hentc1300 purchasec1300 to come to ——c1330 getc1330 pickc1330 chevise1340 fang1340 umbracec1350 chacche1362 perceivea1382 accroacha1393 achievea1393 to come at ——a1393 areach1393 recovera1398 encroach?a1400 chevec1400 enquilec1400 obtainc1422 recurec1425 to take upc1425 acquirea1450 encheve1470 sortise1474 conques?a1500 tain1501 report1508 conquest1513 possess1526 compare1532 cough1550 coff1559 fall1568 reap1581 acquist1592 accrue1594 appurchasec1600 recoil1632 to get at ——1666 to come into ——1672 rise1754 net1765 to fall in for1788 to scare up1846 access1953 a1250 Prov. Ælfred 342 in Old Eng. Misc. 122 Þe mon þe hi [god wymmon] may icheose, and icouere over oþre [v.r. chesen hire from oþere]. c1305 Judas Iscariot 136 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 110 Þat he [Judas] þe teoþing of þulke boxes to him keouerie miȝte. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 964 Tell me..Howgat and wit quatkinthing, I sal couer [Trin. Cambr. gete] þi saghteling. c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 485 I keuered me a cumfort þat now is caȝt fro me. 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 49 I had moche leuer to couere a litill blame thenne [etc.]. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 269 An yle, Þat no creature might keuer for course of the see. b. with infinitive. To attain or get to be. ΚΠ a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 128 Þat it no schuld neuer kuuere to be king þer as þe kinde eyre. c. intransitive. To attain, make one's way, get (to, out of). ΘΚΠ society > travel > [verb (intransitive)] nimeOE becomec885 teec888 goeOE i-goc900 lithec900 wendeOE i-farec950 yongc950 to wend one's streetOE fare971 i-wende971 shakeOE winda1000 meteOE wendOE strikec1175 seekc1200 wevec1200 drawa1225 stira1225 glidea1275 kenc1275 movec1275 teemc1275 tightc1275 till1297 chevec1300 strake13.. travelc1300 choosec1320 to choose one's gatea1325 journeyc1330 reachc1330 repairc1330 wisec1330 cairc1340 covera1375 dressa1375 passa1375 tenda1375 puta1382 proceedc1392 doa1400 fanda1400 haunta1400 snya1400 take?a1400 thrilla1400 trace?a1400 trinea1400 fangc1400 to make (also have) resortc1425 to make one's repair (to)c1425 resort1429 ayrec1440 havea1450 speer?c1450 rokec1475 wina1500 hent1508 persevere?1521 pursuec1540 rechec1540 yede1563 bing1567 march1568 to go one's ways1581 groyl1582 yode1587 sally1590 track1590 way1596 frame1609 trickle1629 recur1654 wag1684 fadge1694 haul1802 hike1809 to get around1849 riddle1856 bat1867 biff1923 truck1925 the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (intransitive)] findOE covera1375 to come therebyc1386 obtain1477 get?1505 draw1755 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > reaching a point or place > reach a point or place [verb (intransitive)] overtakec1225 covera1375 accede1465 penetrate1530 to get through1589 pervene1589 reach1591 the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > succeed or be a success [verb (intransitive)] > achieve success (of persons) > succeed in doing anything wina1300 covera1375 gaina1375 to prevail to1474 to make shift of1504 attain1523 obtaina1529 frame1545 procure1559 to finish to1594 succeed1839 a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 3647 For ouȝt þat here enimys euer worche miȝt. Þei keuered with clene strengþe with him to towne. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 3625 William at last keuered with þe kinges sone out of þe kene prese. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2221 Syþen he keuerez [MS reads keuereȝ] bi a cragge & comeȝ of a hole. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 319 Er moste þou ceuer to oþer counsayl. c1490 Promptorium Parvulorum 99 Cowryn, or strechynge [v.r. curyn, or astretchyn; P. aretchyn], attingo. d. to cover up: to get up, succeed in rising. ΚΠ c1300 K. Alis. 4269 His hors..keoverid up abowe the flod; And swam to that othir syde. c1430 Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 5898 Vp he keuered on his fete. 2. transitive. To recover, get back, regain. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > again or back acovera1225 covera1300 gain-covera1300 to get againc1380 recovera1387 becoverc1400 recounsel?a1425 recurea1425 win1489 redeem1526 readept1537 rehave1541 recuperate1542 regain1548 reobtain1579 retire1584 reget1585 to get back1587 retrieve1589 reprise1590 reprocure1590 reattain1595 relieve1596 recompassc1604 reacquire1627 reacquist1635 recruit1656 a1300 Cursor Mundi 26034 Samson..couerd siþen his fax. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1240 Wende ghe it [ðe child] coueren neuere-mor. c1425 Seven Sag. (P.) 357 I scholde covere agayn my syght. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 12949 His cuntre to kouer, & his kid rewme. 3. a. To recover, restore, relieve (a person, etc. from, of, out of); to heal (a wound). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > heal or cure [verb (transitive)] > restore to health healc1000 temperc1000 recoverc1330 covera1375 restorec1384 recovera1398 rectifya1400 revert1446 recruita1661 re-establish1664 to set up1686 to bring toa1796 reinstate1810 tinker1823 recuperate1849 to bring about1854 to pick up1857 to fetch round1870 re-edify1897 to pull round1900 the mind > emotion > pleasure > state of being consoled or relieved > be relieved of [verb (transitive)] > console or relieve > relieve of suffering lighteOE unbindc950 alightOE slakea1300 deliverc1325 covera1375 lissec1374 relievea1382 allegea1425 refreshc1430 alighten1530 untaste1609 mitigate1644 disaffright1676 soothe1746 shrive1899 the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > treatments uniting or replacing parts > unite or replace parts [verb (transitive)] > unite fractures, wounds, etc. > heal a wound > cause wound to heal over regendera1400 regenera1400 incarnc1400 overhealc1450 skinc1475 covera1500 incarnate1543 a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1521 Ȝour comfort mai him keuere & his sorwe slake. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 15575 Þou sal couer & confort ham þat sitis in sorou. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 2630 Godd sal couer þe of þi care. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1700 [He] cowþe vche kyndam to-kerue & keuer when hym lyked. c1440 York Myst. xxiv. 199 Þat þus has couered vs of oure care. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxviii. 574 The kynge delyuered hem leches to couer theire woundes. b. reflexive. To recover oneself. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > recovery > recover [verb (reflexive)] covera1400 recover1567 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 19705 Saulus him couerd in a stund, þe Iuus fast can he confund. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 924 Wald thow conuert the in hy, and couer the of sin. 4. intransitive (for reflexive). To recover (from sickness, fainting, or the like); to regain health; to be restored, to be relieved. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > recovery > recover or be healed [verb (intransitive)] wholeeOE botenc1225 cover1297 amendc1325 recovera1375 warisha1386 recovera1387 healc1390 recurec1400 soundc1402 mendc1440 convalesce1483 guarish1489 restore1494 refete?a1505 revert1531 to gather (or pick) up one's crumbs1589 cure1597 recruit1644 to perk upa1656 retrieve1675 to pick up1740 to leave one's bed1742 to sit up and take nourishment1796 to get round1798 to come round1818 to pull through1830 rally1831 to fetch round1870 to mend up1877 to pull round1889 recoup1896 recuperate1897 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (1724) 392 Kyng Wyllam keuerede aȝen to hele al to sone. 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 811 Þan er men in dout..Wethir he sal ever cover agayn. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Heb. xi. 34 Thei keuereden of syknesse. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 8624 Þis child..miht not couer to lijf a-gayn. c1450 J. Myrc Instr. to Par. Priests 858 Gef that they to lyf keuere. a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 334 Thus he covyrd owt of care. 1570 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Lekprevik) xi. f. 143v Seuin thousand..Deid on the bent, that cowerit [1488 recoueryt] neuer mair. 1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess 37 (Jam.) Say, ye're in love, and but her cannot cowr. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1c1300n.21709n.31905v.1a1275v.2a1250 |
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